Design Lessons Research Articles

Pre-Service English Teachers’ Lived Experience in Using AI in Teaching Preparation

Pre-service English teachers are expected to integrate technologies to teach in this digital era. Furthermore, AI is rapidly growing and offers teachers to be supported. This phenomenological study explicated pre-service English teachers’ lived experiences in using AIs to support their teaching preparation. In previous studies, less was known about how newcomer educators integrated AI into their pedagogical development. Through in-depth interviews, this study addressed two research questions; What are the pre-service English teachers’ lived experiences in using AI in teaching preparation? How does the AI help the teacher to prepare for their teaching? This study showcased five themes emerging: 1) exploration of AI’s pedagogical potential; 2) emerging pedagogical beliefs and shifting attitudes; 3) intentional integration and innovative lesson design; 4) ethical reflections and responsible AI use; and 5) shifting self-efficacy and confidence. This study explicated how AI utilization experiences mould participants’ pedagogical beliefs, implementation, and perception of technology integration. These findings will help education programmes in preparing candidates and require the TPACK.

An Exploration of How Multimodally Designed Teaching and the Creation of Digital Animations can Contribute to Six-Year-Olds’ Meaning Making in Chemistry

Previous research shows that pupils’ participation in educational activities increases when they are allowed to use several forms of expression. Furthermore, digital media have become increasingly prominent as “carriers” of meaning in chemistry education. Based on that, this paper aims to explore ‘what is happening’ and ‘what is possible’ when six-year-old pupils participate in multimodally designed learning activities and create digital animations of water molecules and phase changes of water. This study is qualitative and draws on the frameworks of social semiotics and Designs for Learning, DfL, where teaching and learning are seen as a multimodal design. The Learning Design Sequence model, developed within DfL is used as a basis for the lesson design and as an analytical tool. The analyzed data were generated by filming when pupils participated in multimodal learning activities, created digital animations, and participated in meta-reflective discussions regarding their digital animations. The main findings are that multimodally designed lessons can increase pupils’ meaning making in chemistry, that the creation of digital animations may both increase pupils’ participation and support their meaning making, and that meta-reflection of pupils’ representations is an important part of the lesson design.

Exploring the Perspectives of Middle School Teachers’ Towards Gamification in the EFL Context

The current paper looks at investigating middle school teachers’ perspectives towards gamification in the EFL context in Algeria. To this end, the study explores the potential of incorporating digital gamification in EFL teaching with a focus on teachers’ implementation of Gamification in the classroom context. In order to gain a clearer understanding of the phenomenon, the researcher adopted qualitative research using a semi-structured interview. The participants were a total of 11 EFL teachers from various middle schools in Mostaganem – Algeria. The interviewees were selected based on their use of digital technology and game-based teaching methods. The collected data was thematically analyzed using MAXQDA software, employing a descriptive analysis approach. After the analysis, the findings show that teachers frequently incorporate ICT-based and game-based lessons into their teaching practices. Additionally, in accord with their responses, teachers have a clear notion of gamified teaching and learning. However, they lack the necessary expertise to effectively implement gamification. Being a novelty in the arena of language teaching, teachers call for training programs to enable them to effectively incorporate gamification in the EFL classroom. As the study concludes, it provides a clear understanding of the teachers’ standpoint regarding gamification, their openness, and readiness to adopt modern teaching methods. It also offers valuable insights into state-of-the-art teaching methods and paves the way for further considerations in gamified lesson design.

Characteristics of mathematics coaches’ suggestions to teachers

ABSTRACT We developed an analytic framework related to the suggestions coaches provided to mathematics teachers as they engaged in content-focused coaching cycles. We analyzed 712 suggestions from nine coaches and 58 coaching conversations. Analysis focused on what the suggestion entailed and how suggestions were made. Most suggestions focused on revising or adding a task feature or asking questions to advance students’ thinking. Most suggestions were not contingent on what happened during the lesson and were specific and clear about content and timing, especially when focused on lesson design. The least specific suggestions were around making student thinking public, with suggestions about eliciting and pressing having the highest clarity. We found a strong relationship between suggestions about eliciting and pressing and a connection to mathematical goals or representations. We explain the framework for analytic categories for suggestions, describe findings, and connect categories to principles of content-focused coaching and ambitious teaching practices.

Exploring the Impact of Lesson Study as a Collaborative Teaching Strategy in Higher Education

Lesson study is a class-based & collaborative continuous teacher professional development strategy to optimize student learning services. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of lesson study on improving the quality of learning in higher education. This research is a mix method research, which was conducted for one semester. Learning is carried out in a hybrid way in the odd semester of the 2021/2022 academic year in six plant physiology classes using Problem-based Learning (PBL). The research subjects consisted of biology education students and undergraduate biology students at the Universitas Negeri Malang. The research instruments include chapter design, lesson design, lesson plans, lesson study observation sheets, essay tests on cognitive learning outcomes. Lesson study is carried out in three stages, namely plan, do, and see. The results showed that the learning designed and implemented with lesson study showed an improvement in each meeting. Improvements in learning can occur because educators and observers reflect on learning activities.

Pilot randomized controlled trial of a game-based intervention for teaching basketball in Chinese primary school physical education

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the preliminary efficacy and feasibility of implementing a tailored version of the MASTER coach education programme in Chinese primary schools to support physical education (PE) teachers’ basketball lesson design and delivery. A total of 20 primary schools in Beijing, China were recruited, with one PE teacher and their class (N = 715 students aged 10–13 yrs) from each school included in the study and randomly allocated to the MASTER intervention (n = 10) or control group (n = 10). Compared to the control group, a significant difference was observed in the MASTER group for the proportion of playing-form activities delivered during PE (27.65, 95% CI [20.27, 35.03]) and for teachers’ perceptions of confidence (23.92, 95% CI [15.87, 31.92]) and competence (24.12, 95% CI [10.28, 24.71]) to teach. Significant differences between groups were observed for students’ perceived athletic competence (3.56%; 95% CI [3.15, 3.96]), enjoyment (11.83%; 95% CI [10.98, 12.69]), well-being (8.51%; 95% CI [7.02, 10.00]), intrinsic motivation (+0.74%; 95% CI [0.30, 1.17]), introjected motivation (−2.24%; 95% CI [−2.77, −1.70]), and external motivation (−0.49%; 95% CI [−0.90, −0.08]). The MASTER programme was effective in improving teaching practices in Chinese primary schools, and in facilitating improvements in teacher and student outcomes.

PATRIOTIC EDUCATION IN HISTORY LESSONS: THE METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT

The article considers methodical aspects in the organization of history lessons or extracurricular classes of patriotic orientation. A model of a history lesson is proposed based on cooperative learning for the design of lessons or activi- ties, the objectives of which are not only to expand historical horizons, develop critical thinking of students, but also to form such personal results as patriotism, Russian civic identity, respect for the people, and a sense of responsibil- ity to the Motherland, pride for their homeland, readiness to serve and defend the Fatherland. The article describes the organization of the lesson of history «Posters of war years: 1941–1945» in accordance with the above-mentioned model and gives methodical recommendations for its implementation.

What Teachers Always Wanted to Say About Inclusive Physical Education but Were Afraid to Speak Out Loud . . . Microlinguistic Analysis as a Path to the Core of Interviews

Purpose: The aim of the qualitative study was to identify inclusion-related challenges and to specify the need for professional development of physical education (PE) teachers. To achieve this, the integrative basic procedure (IBP) is suggested as a suitable method. Methods: The methodological approach consisted of a combination of grounded theory methodology and IBP. The IBP is designed to reconstruct meaning beyond surface level of statements. The sample was comprised of 17 interviews with German primary and secondary PE teachers. Results: Reconstructions along the IBP revealed challenges in relation to teachers’ professional beliefs and abilities. Five crystallization points suggesting the need for professional development were identified: PE lesson design, teacher’s focus of attention, teaching ambition, performance concept, and attitudes. Conclusions: The methodological procedure places high demands on data and the expertise of researchers. Yet, it allows a deeper understanding of teaching requirements in inclusive PE and highlights areas for professional development.

The Backstory to "Swaying the Public": A Design Chronicle of Election Forecast Visualizations.

A year ago, we submitted an IEEE VIS paper entitled "Swaying the Public? Impacts of Election Forecast Visualizations on Emotion, Trust, and Intention in the 2022 U.S. Midterms" [50], which was later bestowed with the honor of a best paper award. Yet, studying such a complex phenomenon required us to explore many more design paths than we could count, and certainly more than we could document in a single paper. This paper, then, is the unwritten prequel-the backstory. It chronicles our journey from a simple idea-to study visualizations for election forecasts-through obstacles such as developing meaningfully different, easy-to-understand forecast visualizations, crafting professional-looking forecasts, and grappling with how to study perceptions of the forecasts before, during, and after the 2022 U.S. midterm elections. This journey yielded a rich set of original knowledge. We formalized a design space for two-party election forecasts, navigating through dimensions like data transformations, visual channels, and types of animated narratives. Through qualitative evaluation of ten representative prototypes with 13 participants, we then identified six core insights into the interpretation of uncertainty visualizations in a U.S. election context. These insights informed our revisions to remove ambiguity in our visual encodings and to prepare a professional-looking forecasting website. As part of this story, we also distilled challenges faced and design lessons learned to inform both designers and practitioners. Ultimately, we hope our methodical approach could inspire others in the community to tackle the hard problems inherent to designing and evaluating visualizations for the general public.

DITTO: A Visual Digital Twin for Interventions and Temporal Treatment Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer.

Digital twin models are of high interest to Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) oncologists, who have to navigate a series of complex treatment decisions that weigh the efficacy of tumor control against toxicity and mortality risks. Evaluating individual risk profiles necessitates a deeper understanding of the interplay between different factors such as patient health, spatial tumor location and spread, and risk of subsequent toxicities that can not be adequately captured through simple heuristics. To support clinicians in better understanding tradeoffs when deciding on treatment courses, we developed DITTO, a digital-twin and visual computing system that allows clinicians to analyze detailed risk profiles for each patient, and decide on a treatment plan. DITTO relies on a sequential Deep Reinforcement Learning digital twin (DT) to deliver personalized risk of both long-term and short-term disease outcome and toxicity risk for HNC patients. Based on a participatory collaborative design alongside oncologists, we also implement several visual explainability methods to promote clinical trust and encourage healthy skepticism when using our system. We evaluate the efficacy of DITTO through quantitative evaluation of performance and case studies with qualitative feedback. Finally, we discuss design lessons for developing clinical visual XAI applications for clinical end users.

앙트러프러너십 교육을 위한 개념적 모형 개발

This study develops a conceptual model of entrepreneurship education that can be applied to elementary, middle, and high school settings. To this end, we adopted a development research methodology. We derived the core values of entrepreneurship as “creation, practice, insight, and reflection” based on the results of demand surveys, literature, and case analysis and reflected on the core values and basic principles of creating entrepreneurship. A conceptual model for ten education was developed. An expert review was conducted twice, first and second, targeting entrepreneurship experts and school teachers, and revisions, supplements, and improvements were added by collecting the review opinions of experts. At the same time, to ensure validity during the expert review process, it was verified using triangular verification, member checking, and deriving Content Validity Index and Inter-Rater Agreement values. Finally, a final conceptual model of entrepreneurship education was presented. This study is expected to help teachers who wish to provide entrepreneurship education in school settings understand the concepts of entrepreneurship and
 design lessons.

The Design and Application of Geography Lessons for Climate Action Competence: Focused on the Case of the Heatwave Project in Jeonju City

The Design and Application of Geography Lessons for Climate Action Competence: Focused on the Case of the Heatwave Project in Jeonju City

Digital Technologies for Open and Collaborative Teaching. A Brief Framework

"The present paper aimed to open a debate about the increasing needs of collaborative learning in digital learning contexts. Collaborative teaching and learning are effective approaches to enhance learning and facilitate students’ satisfaction. Digital platforms may help teachers develop collaborative learning environments and provide ways of building various teaching scenarios, promoting autonomous and structured learning contexts. Key words: collaborative teaching and learning, digital learning, digital platforms, lesson design "

Autonomy in the spaces: teacher autonomy, scripted lessons, and the changing role of teachers

ABSTRACT The work of teachers has historically been highly controlled, but one area teachers have been granted considerable autonomy is in instruction and planning. Teacher autonomy is a complex concept with important implications for both the quality of instruction and teacher persistence in the field. The rise of charter management organizations (CMOs) and the increasing use of scripted lesson plans (SLPs) have introduced new institutional arrangements with unknown impacts on teachers’ perceptions of autonomy. This mixed method study surveyed 155 teachers across all grade levels from CMOs, independent charter, and district schools, on their perceptions of autonomy related to lesson planning. The survey responses showed that high school teachers and those who wrote their own lessons perceived the greatest autonomy, while elementary teachers and those who received SLPs perceived the lowest. Our qualitative interviews with 17 teachers complicated these findings by demonstrating how similar organizational structures could result in very different experiences of autonomy. Relationships of trust supported stronger feelings of autonomy; without trust, planning could feel restrictive or isolating. Still, teachers found spaces of autonomy within the organizational restrictions on their work. Their reflections suggest feelings of autonomy balance the increasingly limited role of teachers’ work in lesson design.

The function of creativity as an element of a modern language lesson design process

The work is a meta-analysis which discusses the sequences of a foreign language teacher’s activity during the process of organizing language classes, with particular emphasis on the issue of creativity. Significant sequences of the language learning system were indicated, along with the use of a number of divergent activities, based on the sequences of the creative organization of students’ contact with a foreign language. In the vast number of lessons the activities dealt with in the paper not only lead to much deeper involvement of students in the language learning process but also result in different forms of activation related to this process. Such steps are mostly referred to the activity of acquisition of both the structure and system of description of reality within the known foreign language. The final part of the work emphasizes the importance and quality of the function performed by the individual creativity of the teacher and student in the course of their glottodidactic activity.

Levels of reflection exhibited by Chilean pre-service EFL teachers on the design and implementation of a distance lesson within the COVID-19 pandemic context

El objetivo general de este estudio es identificar los niveles de reflexión que evidencian estudiantes de pedagogía en inglés chilenos en práctica profesional sobre el diseño y la implementación de una clase a distancia en contexto de pandemia COVID-19. Este estudio utilizó, en primer lugar, la metodología cualitativa para describir la reflexión de los participantes y sus respectivos niveles. La recolección de estos datos implicó la narrativa ya que los informantes completaron un formulario escrito, aludiendo situaciones problemáticas o episodios críticos que experimentaron al diseñar o implementar una clase a distancia. Asimismo, se empleó la metodología cuantitativa para reconocer la frecuencia en que los informantes mencionaban, en su narrativa, determinados focos de reflexión sobre el diseño y la implementación de sus clases a distancia. Los resultados sugieren que los estudiantes de pedagogía en inglés en práctica profesional solo alcanzan un nivel descriptivo de reflexión. Sus focos de reflexión se relacionan con distintos elementos de la enseñanza remota, tales como las actividades, los recursos didácticos y el tiempo. Resulta necesario que la preparación profesional ayude a los futuros profesores de inglés a lograr un nivel conceptual/comparativo o crítico de reflexión. Esto en el marco de prácticas que integren enfoques comunicativos.

Students Perceptions Regarding the Role of ICT in Learning English: A Case Study

In recent years, as the internet and technology have grown in popularity, the diversity of learning programs has moved and changed to meet new societal expectations. The development of communicative skills, on the other hand, involves social interaction between the teacher and the students; the use of technology has long been considered as a supplement to specific skill areas. The main goal of this study was to look into what are the students perceptions of the impact of ICT in their English language classes. Non-native speakers require English and ICT to participate in today's highly information world. This study was based on 50 undergraduate learners at Shaheed Benazir Button University, Shaheed Benazirabad, where the aim was to shed light on students perceptions about the influence of ICT in English language learning, effectiveness of ICT, impacts of ICT and different uses of ICT in effective language learning. The quantitative results from the questionnaire, which contains 15 closed-ended questions, revealed that technology-based teaching and learning are more effective than traditional classroom teaching and learning. This is because utilizing ICT tools and equipment will create a more engaging effective and active learning environment. Students learn more efficiently with the use of ICT because lesson designs are more engaging and fascinating, according to the survey results, the participants agreed that incorporating ICT can help students learn better.

Innovative Learning Technologies for Future Elementary School Teachers in the Context of Neuropedagogy

The article reveals the study of current pedagogy of the essence of the concept of neuropedagogy, opens up the possibility of a new perspective on the pedagogical process, in particular, on the use of innovative technologies of teaching future elementary school teachers in the context of neuropedagogy. The topic is very relevant, as it allows to obtain scientific knowledge about the peculiarities of individual personal development and the impact of the development of psycho-cognitive processes on student learning. The objectives and content of the application of the neuropedagogical approach in the process of learning innovative technologies for future elementary school teachers in the context of neuropedagogy are characterized. The results of our analysis show that neuropedagogy is still not a universally recognized science, but part of the world scientific society has already begun to work in this direction. Scientific works in this field point to the profound potential of neuropedagogy as a future science for creating a favorable environment for learning and application of knowledge. The article shows the role of neuropedagogy in the complex educational system of innovative education and training of students on the basis of achievements of neuroscience; defines the importance of brain organization of cognitive processes of different activities; presents a differentiated approach to learning activities - the most important neuropedagogical factor of successful design of innovative lesson and the effectiveness of innovative educational environment of the university in forming innovative learning technologies of future teachers of elementary school.

Accompaniment of Contextual Learning Oriented Minimum Competency Assessment of Mathematics through Lesson Study

Minimum Competency Assessment is a component of the assessment as an assessment policy established by the Indonesia government in independent learning to assess the success of formal education in schools. The junior high school of Muhammadiyah 8 Batu has implemented learning innovations. However, it still needs to be improved, especially in integrating the involvement of students in creative and critical thinking, communication, and collaboration, and refers to the Minimum Competency Assessment. This Lesson Study mentoring activity aims to improve the quality of learning mathematics by using a contextual approach oriented to Minimum Competency Assessment. This mentoring activity used workshop and simulation methods. Four mathematics teachers attended the workshop and simulation. The results showed that the Lesson Study team produced a Minimum Competency Assessment for six grade 7 groups oriented contextual learning design that integrated students’ involvement in creative and critical thinking, communication, and collaboration, which was realized through lesson design. Model teachers and observers were enthusiastic and carried out Minimum Competency assessment-oriented contextual learning activities through Lesson Study well. Students gave a positive response and were very active while participating in learning. The mentoring activities of Minimum Competency Assessment-oriented contextual learning can be said to be effective. The learning designs prepared by the teacher can be implemented in other classes with relatively the same student characteristics.

Anime as a medium for science learning

AbstractBackgroundEmotional design of multimedia lessons involves adding features that are intended to increase learner enjoyment and promote learning—such as adding narrative, anthropomorphizing non‐human elements, and using warm colours.ObjectiveThe present study extends this work to examine the potential of Japanese animation (anime) for improving science learning.MethodSpecifically, 134 English‐speaking students learned about cells in the human body by viewing the popular anime, Cells at Work, either in Japanese with English subtitles or dubbed in English with no subtitles (anime groups), or by viewing a slideshow containing the same information (slideshow group). The anime conditions were vibrant story‐driven lessons that depicted human‐looking cells working to fight off invaders in a human body that looked like a city. The slideshow used very similar wording as the anime groups, and displayed the cells without anthropomorphism or a storyline.Results and ConclusionThe anime groups did not differ significantly from each other on any dependent measures and were therefore combined. The anime groups scored significantly higher than the slideshow group on retention (d = 0.35) and transfer (d = 0.48) tests. The anime groups also had significantly higher ratings of motivation (d = 0.60) and enjoyment (d = 1.13), whereas, the slideshow group had significantly higher ratings of distraction (d = 0.59). These results support the cognitive‐affective theory of learning with media (CATLM) and demonstrate that anime may be an effective learning medium.TakeawaysAnime should be considered as a medium for science learning, especially when students might not otherwise be motivated to learn.