Depression OR Research Articles

Common and differential variables of anxiety and depression in adolescence: a nation-wide smartphone-based survey

BackgroundMental health in adolescence is critical in its own right and a predictor of later symptoms of anxiety and depression. To address these mental health challenges, it is crucial to understand the variables linked to anxiety and depression in adolescence.MethodsHere, we analyzed data of 278 adolescents that were collected in a nation-wide survey provided via a smartphone-based application during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used an elastic net regression machine-learning approach to classify individuals with clinically relevant self-reported symptoms of depression or anxiety. We then identified the most important variables with a combination of permutation feature importance calculation and sequential logistic regressions.Results40.30% of participants reported clinically relevant anxiety symptoms, and 37.69% reported depressive symptoms. Both machine-learning models performed well in classifying participants with depressive (AUROC = 0.77) or anxiety (AUROC = 0.83) symptoms and were significantly better than the no-information rate. Feature importance analyses revealed that anxiety and depression in adolescence are commonly related to sleep disturbances (anxiety OR = 2.12, depression OR = 1.80). Differentiating between symptoms, self-reported depression increased with decreasing life satisfaction (OR = 0.43), whereas self-reported anxiety was related to worries about the health of family and friends (OR = 1.98) as well as impulsivity (OR = 2.01).ConclusionOur results show that app-based self-reports provide information that can classify symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescence and thus offer new insights into symptom patterns related to adolescent mental health issues. These findings underscore the potentials of health apps in reaching large cohorts of adolescence and optimize diagnostic and treatment.

This pain drives me crazy: Psychiatric symptoms in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome

BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is an at least 6-mo noninfectious bladder inflammation of unknown origin characterized by chronic suprapubic, abdominal, and/or pelvic pain. Although the term cystitis suggests an inflammatory or infectious origin, no definite cause has been identified. It occurs in both sexes, but women are twice as much affected. AIM To systematically review evidence of psychiatric/psychological changes in persons with IC/BPS. METHODS Hypothesizing that particular psychological characteristics could underpin IC/BPS, we investigated in three databases the presence of psychiatric symptoms and/or disorders and/or psychological characteristics in patients with IC/BPS using the following strategy: ("interstitial cystitis" OR "bladder pain syndrome") AND ("mood disorder" OR depressive OR antidepressant OR depression OR depressed OR hyperthymic OR mania OR manic OR rapid cyclasterisk OR dysthymiasterisk OR dysphoriasterisk). RESULTS On September 27, 2023, the PubMed search produced 223 articles, CINAHL 62, and the combined PsycLIT/PsycARTICLES/PsycINFO/Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection search 36. Search on ClinicalTrials.gov produced 14 studies, of which none had available data. Eligible were peer-reviewed articles reporting psychiatric/psychological symptoms in patients with IC/BPS, i.e. 63 articles spanning from 2000 to October 2023. These studies identified depression and anxiety problems in the IC/BPS population, along with sleep problems and the tendency to catastrophizing. CONCLUSION Psychotherapies targeting catastrophizing and life stress emotional awareness and expression reduced perceived pain in women with IC/BPS. Such concepts should be considered when implementing treatments aimed at reducing IC/BPS-related pain.

Hype or hope? Ketamine for the treatment of depression: results from the application of deep learning to Twitter posts from 2010 to 2023.

To investigate societal perceptions of ketamine's use in depression therapy by analysing Twitter posts from January 1, 2010 to April 1, 2023. Using Twitter as the social media platform of choice, and employing search terms based on (depression OR depressed OR depressive) AND (ketamine OR esketamine OR Spravato), we collected English-language tweets from January 1, 2010, to April 1, 2023. Using unsupervised machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) techniques, including Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and BERTopic, the study identified prevalent topics surrounding public chatter around the use of ketamine in depression treatment. Manual thematic analyses further refined these topics into themes. Out of an initial dataset of 99,405 tweets, after removing duplicate tweets, re-tweets and tweets posted by organizations over Twitter, 18,899 unique tweets from presumably individual users were analysed. Analysis of temporal trends revealed a shift in public attitudes, particularly after the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s 2019 approval of ketamine for depression. Three major themes emerged: a changing regulatory landscape, cautious optimism, and personal experiences with the drug. There was an initial spike in discussions post-FDA approval in 2019. Thereafter, cautious optimism (Theme 2) decreased among the general public, with more personal accounts (Theme 3) highlighting the potential benefits for some treatment-resistant patients. Limitations of the study include Twitter's inherent biases towards younger, English-speaking demographics. In summary, the public's multifaceted perception leans towards a hopeful stance on ketamine's therapeutic potential for depression.

Obesity and depression: Review on common neurobiological mechanisms and identification of potential drug targets.

IntroductionThis review aimed to identify common pathophysiological mechanisms that exist between depression and obesity, as well as pharmacological strategies used in clinical trials and animal models. It is necessary to carry out larger studies that integrate the multiple neurobiological processes of these phenomena and the search for therapeutic targets that affect these pathways.ObjectivesConduct a literature review on the common neurobiological aspects that exist between depression and obesity. Compare pharmacological and therapeutic strategies in the management of depressive patients by means of common neurobiological mechanisms.MethodsWe used the Pubmed search engine to search for the keywords: ((depression and obesity) OR (common pathways for depression and obesity) OR (therapeutic targets for depression and obesity) OR (neurobiology of depression and obesity) OR (treatments for depression and obesity))Once the predefined screening was carried out, 68 studies were identified. 54 articles were left for review and analysis. At the end of the review, 25 studies were discarded, including 29 studies with relevance to the objectives described in the study. These articles were selected when they provided information with adequate, concrete and specific reasoning towards the scientific and methodological elements of the review.Results Table 1: Findings related to the NEGR1 gene and its involvement in processes associated with alterations associated with depression and obesity. Table 2: Findings of inflammation associated with depression and obesity in clinical trials and animal models.Image:Image 2:ConclusionsAlterations in the NEGR1 gene, inflammatory markers, HPA axis and microbiota demonstrate multiple pathophysiological mechanisms in the clinical pictures associated with obesity and depression.Infliximab, pioglitazone, ondansentron, BVT.2733 and palmitoylethanolamide showed anti-inflammatory regulatory effects with reduction in depressive symptoms and multiple anti-inflammatory markers.Animal models for obesity and depression present ample and reliable evidence regarding the use of drugs that direct their therapeutic profile towards the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in pathologies involving depressive and metabolic disorders.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Association between weight, weight perception, weight teasing and mental health among adolescents

BackgroundAdolescent mental health problems are becoming increasingly prevalent, and there are correlations between weight-related concerns and adolescent mental health. The aim of this study is to explore the association between three weight-related factors (actual weight, weight perception, and weight teasing) and mental health problems (depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and loneliness) in Chinese adolescents.Methods10,070 adolescents between the ages of 11–18 from schools in Shanghai, China were selected using a stratified random cluster sampling method. Self-reported questionnaires were collected to investigate weight-related factors and mental health problems. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship.ResultsThe prevalence of depressive symptoms, loneliness, mild anxiety symptoms, and moderate to severe anxiety symptoms among adolescents were 18.0%, 53.8%, 26.5%, and 12.3%, respectively, with a higher prevalence found in females. After adjusting for weight perception and weight teasing, actual weight had no harmful impact on adolescents’ mental health. Adolescents' perception of being overweight increased the risk of depressive symptoms, loneliness, mild anxiety symptoms, and moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, while the perception of being underweight had a similar but more profound impact (depressive symptoms OR = 1.590, 95% CI: 1.342–1.883; loneliness OR = 1.537, 95% CI: 1.353–1.746; mild anxiety symptoms OR = 1.368, 95% CI: 1.178–1.589; moderate to severe anxiety symptoms OR = 1.780, 95% CI: 1.449–2.186). Experiencing weight teasing more than once a year had a greater effect on adolescents' mental health, especially among adolescents with overweight/obesity (depressive symptoms OR = 2.970, 95% CI: 2.325–3.793; loneliness OR = 3.839, 95% CI: 3.119–4.727; mild anxiety symptoms OR = 2.822, 95% CI: 2.236–3.562; moderate to severe anxiety symptoms OR = 5.212, 95% CI: 3.846–7.065).ConclusionsThe prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents was high, especially loneliness. Weight perception and weight teasing, but not the actual weight, independently influenced adolescent mental health.

(213) Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review Regarding Anxiety and Depression

Abstract Introduction Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) is a urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome with an unknown etiology and a variety of somatic and psychological symptoms, including elevated levels of anxiety and depression (Crawford, 2019). This often causes substantial impairment to quality of life: it is well known that unaddressed psychosocial elements of chronic pain can shape patient perceptions and behavior, and are associated with poorer functioning, adjustment, prognosis, and response to treatment (Piontek et al., 2022). Investigating the role of psychosocial factors in IC/BPS increase over the last years; however, prior to the last 5 years, there had been a scarcity of research on psychosocial factors compared to that in similar conditions (Windgassen et al., 2020). Objective Despite recommendations for the inclusion of non-pharmacological treatment in the management of IC/BPS, the focus so far has predominantly been on the inclusion of physical therapies with minimal discussion of psychological interventions. Therefore, this review aimed to examine the most recent studies regarding anxiety and depression in patients with IC/BPS, to stress the urgency of considering multidisciplinary care for individuals with this debilitating condition. Methods A literature search (PubMed and Google Scholar) of the past 5 years (January 2018 – March 2023) was conducted using key words related to IC/BPS, anxiety and depression, e.g., “(Interstitial cystitis OR Bladder pain syndrome) AND (Anxiety OR Depression OR Depressive disorder OR Psychology)”. The inclusion criteria were: to be empirical studies, to have been published within the last 5 years, to have included in the protocol measurements of anxiety and/or depression. A total of 28 studies were selected. Results There is a high rate of psychosocial comorbidities in IC/BPS; in particular, elevated levels of anxiety and depression, which are highly correlated with each other and with pain intensity. In addition, pain catastrophizing and helplessness seem to have a key role in the maintenance of the negative relationship between depression and pain over time in IC/BPS. Thus, there appears to be a complex interaction between psychopathologic and somatic symptoms. We assume that changes in mood and anxiety share a bidirectional relationship with IC/BPS pain severity: if pain increases, mood and anxiety likely worsen and, similarly, if mood and anxiety worsen it predicts an increased level of pain will follow. Conclusions IC/BPS is a complex condition that requires a management plan beyond the biomedical approach. Indeed, the psychological impact of IC/BPS is pervasive and severe. Our review supports the findings of previous studies that showed patients with this condition have a significantly higher risk of experiencing mental-emotional disorders compared to those without. These findings further strengthen the evidence base showing that anxiety and depression may not only be a consequence of this chronic pain condition but may also be involved in its maintenance. Our results suggest that it is crucial addressing anxiety and depression as early as possible in biopsychosocially oriented therapeutic interventions for patients with IC/BPS. Therefore, it is recommended that health care providers conduct a thorough assessment of this condition to identify therapeutic goals to pursue and possibly consider a multidisciplinary approach. Disclosure No.

Association between pain and depression in chilean older adults. Reality that requires an immediate approach

Cross-sectional analytical study of the National Survey of Dependence in Chilean older adults 2009, with a sample of 4766 people aged 60 years and older. Pain was described using a Likert scale from "no pain" to "very much pain". Depression was measured using the GDS-15 scale. Adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the association between pain and depression. 70% of the sample reported pain, 21.6% of high intensity. The screening was positive for depression in 23% of the sample, and 5% suspected severe depression. Both conditions were more frequent in women, subjects with low levels of schooling and rural residence. There was an association between pain and depression OR 3.46. The greater the intensity of pain, the greater the association OR 5.2 (95% CI 4.1-6.7) for depressive symptoms and OR 13.9 for suspected severe depression (95% CI 8.1-23.9). The association between pain and depression is high and is related to pain intensity, being higher in people with less education and physical dependency. The high frequency of both conditions in Chilean elderly people and their serious consequences make it an urgent public health problem, aggravated as a consequence of the prolonged isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Insomnia During the Perinatal Period and its Association with Maternal and Infant Psychopathology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

While sleep serves important regulatory functions for mental health, sleep disturbances, in particular insomnia, may contribute to mental disorders. Since insomnia symptoms are frequent during the perinatal period, the aim of this work is to systematically review the potential association between perinatal insomnia and maternal and infant psychopathology. A systematic search was conducted according with PRISMA guidelines, and meta-analytic calculations were conducted. Totally, 34 studies were included and involved 835,021 perinatal women. Four meta-analysis yielded four statistically significant random-effect models. All models show that women with perinatal symptoms of insomnia possess increased odds of developing clinically relevant symptoms of depression OR = 3.69, p = 0.001 and anxiety OR = 2.81; p < 0.001, as well as increased suicidal risk OR = 3.28; p < 0.001, and distress in the newborn OR = 2.80 (P = 0.007). These findings emphasize the role of assessing and addressing insomnia during the perinatal period to mitigate its negative effect on maternal and infant mental health via sleep regulation.

Psychological distress and health perception in patients with a previous myocardial infarction or stroke: a national cross-sectional study

BackgroundWhile understanding the impact of mental health on health perception improves patient-centered care, this relationship is not well-established in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We examined the relationship between psychological distress and health perception in patients with a previous myocardial infarction (MI) and/or stroke.MethodsWe extracted data for patients with a previous MI and/or stroke from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Health perception was self-reported. Presence and severity of anxiety and depression were estimated using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8). Binary analyses of anxiety/depression, multivariable logistic regressions controlling for confounders, and univariable analyses of confounders and anxiety/depression severity were performed.ResultsOf 31,948 individuals for whom data on MI/stroke was available, 1235 reported a previous MI and 1203 a previous stroke. The odds of positive perceived health status were lower for individuals with anxiety/depression compared to those without anxiety/depression in both post-MI (anxiety OR 0.52, 95% CI = 0.32–0.85, P < 0.001; depression OR 0.45, 95% CI = 0.29–0.7, P < 0.001) and post-stroke groups (anxiety OR 0.61, 95% CI = 0.39–0.97, P < 0.001; depression OR 0.37, 95% CI = 0.25–0.55, P < 0.001) upon multivariable analyses. Increasing severity of anxiety/depression was also associated with worse perception of health status upon univariable analysis.ConclusionAmong patients with a previous acute CVD event, those with psychological distress have worse perception of their health status. Understanding the range of patient health perceptions can help physicians provide more patient-centered care and encourage patient behaviors that may improve both CVD and mental health outcomes.

Inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in affective disorders-novel understandings, novel treatments?

BackgroundMitochondria are involved in energy production, oxidative balance, cell survival/apoptosis, immune response, and inflammation. A possible role in affective disorders has fueled research on mitochondrial targets for novel treatments. MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted, in Science Direct, Scopus and PubMed databases, from inception to 12th September 2022. Key words used were mitochondria AND/OR inflammation AND affective OR bipolar OR depression AND therapy OR treatment OR intervention. ResultsTwenty-one studies were included in the analysis. Animal studies (n=16) have shown positive results for Nucleus Accumbens Deep Brain Stimulation (NAc DBS), Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation (NIR-PBM), exercise, 48-hour fasting, and fluoxetine, Li, valproate, BI-11A7 Bid inhibitor, methylene blue (MB), AC-5216, atractylenolide-III (ALT-III), ONO-2952, oxytocin (OT), tocopherol-a, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Human studies (n=5) have tested adjunctive therapies, with NAC plus antioxidant combination therapy, triacetyl-uridine (TAU), cytidine add-on, and andacetyl-l-carnitine and a-lipoic acid combination, with positive (TAU), negative, or difficult-to-interpret results. LimitationsThe search was conducted on three databases only, and only articles written in English were included. Unpublished articles or research with negative results may have been missed. ConclusionMitochondria-targeting interventions are promising novel treatments for depression and bipolar disorder.

Positive maternal mental health in pregnant women and its association with obstetric and psychosocial factors

ObjectiveTo estimate the frequency of Positive Maternal Mental Health (PMMH) interpretation levels in pregnant women who attended prenatal consultation and to identify their association with obstetric and psychosocial factors.MethodsA cross-sectional study that included pregnant women who attended prenatal care at 12 or more weeks of gestation. The following scales were applied: Positive Mental Health Questionnaire (PMHQ), Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale.Results702 pregnant women were evaluated; 634 (90.3%) had flourishing PMMH, and 68 (9.7%) had non-flourishing PMMH. Among the latter, all were at an intermediate level, and none were languishing. Flourishing PMMH was more frequent in adults (91.2%) compared to adolescents (75.0%) and in women with higher education (93.0%) than in those with basic education (83.9%). The PMHQ factors and global score correlated positively with maternal age and negatively with anxiety, depression, emotional, social, and general loneliness. Associated with a higher frequency of non-flourishing PMMH were general loneliness OR:6.32[CI95%:3.38–11.82], social loneliness OR:5.98[CI95%:3.42–10.42], adolescence OR:3.47[CI95%:1.61–7.45], emotional loneliness OR:3.12[1.83–5.32], anxiety OR:2.14[CI95%:1.27–3.60], and depression OR:1.88[CI95%:1.09–3.25]. Less frequently: work occupation outside the home OR:0.41[CI95%:0.24–0.68], technical/technological studies OR:0.22[CI95%:0.08–0.60] and university OR:0.27[CI95%:0.10–0.71]. Preconception consultation, desired pregnancy, cesarean section, and fetal or neonatal death were not associated. In the adjusted model: general loneliness OR:3.02[CI95%:1.10–8.31], social loneliness OR:2.82[CI95%:1.38–5.79] and anxiety OR:1.93[CI95%:1.02–3.67], retained statistical significance.ConclusionNine out of ten pregnant women had flourishing PMMH, and none had languishing PMMH. None of the obstetric factors were associated with non-flourishing PMMH but with general loneliness, social loneliness, and anxiety.

Long-Term Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a minimally invasive procedure that usually takes two hours. It is commonly performed in refractory cases to help morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) lose weight. It is well known that morbid obesity accompanies other comorbid conditions such as atherosclerotic diseases, strokes, cancers, and mental health issues such as anxiety and depression. It is crucial to treat this category of patients to improve their quality of life and minimize the chance of mortality in these patients. Given the importance of treating this group, we explored the long-term outcomes of patients who underwent bariatric surgery for cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and depression compared to those who did not. This systematic review utilized articles identified through PubMed using the following search terms: (morbidly obese OR obesity OR obese) AND (bariatric surgery OR metabolic surgery OR gastric bypass OR gastrectomy)AND (chronic disease OR chronic diseases OR cardiovascular diseases OR heart diseases OR cancer OR neoplasms OR stroke OR depressive disorder OR depression). The filter used was observational studies, which yielded 217 studies. Out of these results, eight citations were included in an observational study that met our eligibility criteria. From our search, the articles showed a clinically significant decrease in the incidence of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depressive disorders after treatment with bariatric surgery. Furthermore, there was also a correlation between bariatric surgery and remission of type 2 diabetes. The surgery has an apparent protective effect on the development and progression of comorbid conditions accompanying morbid obesity. Overall, the quality of life has improved in patients who have undergone the procedure compared to those who have not. Bariatric surgery must be recommended as a beneficial option in managing morbidly obese patients (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) who have responded poorly to first-line management plans.

An Umbrella Systematic Review of Seasonality in Mood Disorders and Suicide Risk: The Impact on Demand for Primary Behavioral Health Care and Acute Psychiatric Services.

Objective: To review the current literature focusing on the most recent systematic reviews relating to mood, suicide, and psychiatric service utilization.Study Selection and Data Extraction: A systematic literature search of PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases using the search terms "Systematic review" AND "season*" AND mood OR depression OR bipolar OR psychosis OR suicid* OR psychiatr* initially yielded 209 results. After screening by title and abstract for relevance, 6 records remained, while a further 3 were identified after screening of reference lists. A qualitative synthesis of these results was then performed due to data heterogeneity between studies.Results: We found evidence of winter peaks for depressive symptoms and suggestions of summer peaks for suicidal activity, emergency department (ED) self-harm presentations, and manic-related hospital admissions. Suicide is 11%-23% more frequent in spring and summer. ED suicide attempts are also 1.2-1.7 times higher in spring and summer compared to winter. Admissions for mania are 7.4%-16% higher in spring and summer, while there are 1.5 times more admissions for bipolar depression in winter months.Conclusions: There is a summer peak for many aspects of mental health activity, particularly in terms of acute hospital utilization and suicidality. This is contrary to the winter-related peak of depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to affirm these findings.

Lifestyle Behaviour Changes and Associated Risk Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: results of the Canadian COVIDiet Online Cohort Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic and related lockdowns have impacted lifestyle behaviours including eating habits and physical activity; yet few studies identified emerging patterns of such changes and associated risk factors. To identify patterns of weight and lifestyle behaviour change, and potential risk factors, resulting from the pandemic in Canadian adults. Analyses were conducted on 1,609 adults (18-89 y; 90.1% women; 81.8% White) of the Canadian COVIDiet study baseline data (May-Dec 2020). Self-reported current and pre-pandemic weight, physical activity, smoking status, perceived eating habits, alcohol intake and sleep quality were collected by online questionnaires. Based on these 6 indicator variables, latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify lifestyle behaviour change patterns. Associations with potential risk factors including age, gender, ethnicity, education, income, chronic diseases, body image perception, and changes in stress level, living situation and work arrangement were examined with logistic regressions. Participants' mean BMI was 26.1 ± 6.3 kg/m2; 60.9% had >= bachelor's degree. Since the pandemic, 35% had decreased income and 49% changed work arrangement. Most participants reported unchanged weight, sleep quality, physical activity level, smoking and alcohol consumption, yet 44% reported a perceived decrease in eating habits quality. From LCA, 2 classes of lifestyle behaviour change emerged; "healthy" and "less healthy" (probability: 0.605 and 0.395; BIC=15574.3, entropy=4.8). "Healthy" class participants more frequently reported unchanged weight, sleep quality, smoking and alcohol intake, unchanged/improved eating habits and increased physical activity. The "less healthy" class reported significant weight gain, deteriorated eating habits and sleep quality, unchanged/increased alcohol intake and smoking, and decreased physical activity. Among risk factors, body image dissatisfaction OR=8.8, 95%CI (5.3-14.7), depression OR=1.8, 95%CI (1.3, 2.5), increased stress level OR=3.4, 95%CI (2.0, 5.8) and of gender minority identity OR=5.5, 95% CI (1.3-22.3) were associated with adopting "less healthy" behaviours in adjusted models. The COVID-19 pandemic appeared to have influenced lifestyle behaviours unfavorably in some, but favorably in others. Body image perception, change in stress level and gender identity were factors associated with behaviour change patterns; whether these will sustain overtime remains to be studied. Findings provide insights to develop strategies in supporting adults with poorer mental well-being in the post-pandemic context and promoting healthful behaviours during future disease outbreaks. This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04407533).

Association Between Social Support and Postpartum Depression : A Systematic Review

Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the most common mental disorders occurring during the postpartum period among women. Prevalence of postpartum depression is estimated to be about 10–15% worldwide. Many risk factors are supposed to play a role leading a new mother to maternal postpartum depression which can considerably affect the baby, mother, family and also the society. Some study shown that social support has been effective in helping women cope with PDD and lack of social support increase the risk of PPD. This study aimed to know the association between social support and postpartum depression. This systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) standard. The search using 6 databases SAGE Journals, Pubmed, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley Online Library, and Oxford University Press. The search strategy in each of the databases used keywords such as: (((social support) OR (family support)) AND ((postpartum depression) OR (postnatal depression)) AND (cross sectional)). The process of searching and selecting the studies which yielded a total of 1.814 articles. Only six studies were suitable to answer the study question. Each of the studies were conducted in different areas comprising Iran, China, India, and Korea. The outcome of this study shown that there was association between social support and postpartum depression. Woman with poor social support increase the risk of postpartum depression.

Use of Hericium erinaceus as a potential therapeutic of mental disorders: a systematic review

Introduction: Hericium erinaceus (HE), often known as Lion's Mane, is an edible fungus that has been extensively explored for its many functions. The use of this mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine dates back many years, and it is now being tested in the treatment of cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, and mental diseases like depression, anxiety, schizophrenia. Methods: We followed 2020 PRISMA statement for systematic reviews. The three selected databases were Worldcat®, Cochrane Library®, and PubMed®. On March 7, 2022, a search for articles was conducted. The search sources' descriptions were Hericium erinaceus AND (mental disorders OR cognitive impairment OR depression OR anxiety). "English" was the sole filter applied to the data sources. Results: Three Japanese randomized double-blind controlled trials were included in the review. Although the data demonstrated that HE can be useful in treating symptoms of cognitive impairment and moderate cognitive impairment, it was not effective in treating depression/anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: More studies are needed in countries besides Japan, lasting at least 12 weeks, since shorter periods do not demonstrate significant improvement of symptoms. Incorporating HE into a patient's daily diet may produce favorable benefits by alleviating cognitive decline.

Childhood maladaptive coping mechanisms and the subsequent development of depression.

Depression is a major source of symptoms and disability. In adults, maladaptive coping (usually characterized as personality dysfunction) has been shown to be associated with a depression diagnosis and poorer depression outcome. As adults with maladaptive coping difficulties are more prone to depression, we hypothesized that children with childhood disorders that involve poor coping would increase the risk of later developing depressive disorders. Longitudinal studies of conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and Disruptive Disorder (DD) that included a later measure of depressive disorder were reviewed. Meta-analyses of CD and ODD + DD were performed to predict increased odds of depression. Eight longitudinal studies were found where there was a measure of CD followed by depressive disorder assessment and nine studies for the variables ODD + DD. All of these studies showed these diagnoses were a significant risk factor for later depression. For the studies included in the meta-analysis CD predicted depression OR = 3.9 (1.6-9.3) (six studies), while ODD + DD also predicted depression OR = 5.6 (2.7-11.8) (five studies). Childhood disorders with maladaptive coping may increase the odds of later development of a depressive disorder diagnosis. If so, these diagnoses might also indicate an early intervention possibility to prevent depression.

Quality of life deterioration and associated factors in prenatal care pregnant women: assessment with the WHOQOL-BREF scale

Introduction: Quality of life is a set of situations that contribute to people's well-being. In pregnant women, it is necessary to explore the emotional, social and physical aspects. Few studies in the Latin American population explore the quality of life of pregnant women. The objective was to establish the frequency of deterioration of the physical, psychological, social and environmental quality of life and to identify the associated factors in pregnant women residing in cities of the Colombian Caribbean who attended prenatal consultation. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 509 pregnant women who performed daily activities and participated voluntarily and anonymously after signing informed consent. They filled out a form that explored sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and applied the WHOQOL-BREF scale, identifying the poor quality of life. Adjusted logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between quality of life (dependent variable) and biopsychosocial factors (independent variables). Results: The age of the participants was 26.8 ± 6.2 years. In 250 (49.1%) physical or mental deterioration was identified, in 281 (55.2%) deterioration of the social relationship and in 270 (53.0%) of the environmental relationship. Diabetes OR:6.01[95%CI:1.20-18.42], depression OR:4.71[95%CI:1-20-18.42], living in a rural area OR:2.96[95%CI :1.78-4.91], anguish with pregnancy OR:2.87[95%CI:1.65-5.01], financial problems OR:2.61[95%CI:1.54-4.40 ] or couple OR:2.60[95%CI:1.03-6.69], were associated with impaired quality of life (p&lt;0.01). Being cohabiting, compared to being alone, and being a student/employee versus a housewife, were associated with a lower possibility of deterioration in quality of life (p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: Deterioration of each quality of life domain was identified in half of the pregnant women and several biopsychosocial factors were significantly associated. Antenatal care protocols should provide guidelines for intervention on obstetric and non-obstetric factors that impair quality of life. It is necessary to highlight deficiencies in the exploration of the mental, social and environmental health of pregnant women.

Therapeutic Efficacy of Shirodhara on Mental Health conditions and Sleep Disorders: A Review

Introduction: Data from National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) of India-2016 revealed that the prevalence of mental disorders in India is 13.7%. The prevalence of other mental disorders like anxiety, depression, substance use etc. was found 10% of the population, nearly twice more in urban metros and with significant gender differences. The available treatment options are based on symptoms severity. Thus, integrated care models are required to tackle the condition. Shirodhara, one of the classical treatments is being practiced since years to cure mental health conditions among individuals. This study was planned to review the effects of Shirodhara on mental health conditions. Materials and Methods: A review was conducted using (Shirodhara) AND (Anxiety OR Depressive Disorder OR Depression OR Stress OR Mental Health OR Mental Disorders OR Sleep) as keywords. The articles with full paper, in English language and published during last 10 years were considered for the review. Observations and Results: In the present review, total 5 Studies were found to be eligible and thus were included. The mental health condition of the patients was significantly improved in overall all the groups of the included trials. The effects are more prominent in comparative groups where Shirodhara has been used in combination or in addition with oral medications as compared to alone therapy. It is also observed that Cognitive functions, executive memory, sleep quality and quality of life were better improved with add on Shirodhara therapy. Discussion: Mano-Vikara are mostly explained under Vata-Nanatmaja Vikara and of Vata and Pitta Dusthi Lakshan. Shirodhara is one of the best remedy of pacifying the abnormal Vata Doshas as per classics. No severe adverse events were reported in any of the five trials, but minor adverse events were reported by four participants in one trial. Conclusion: Shirodhara is beneficial in improving mental health conditions. Hence, it can be used as one of the integrated treatment modality so as to encourage the multilevel approach with a solution of improving mental health conditions and quality of life of the people.

Meta Analysis: Effects of Verbal and Physical Violences on Depression in Postpartum Women

Background: Postpartum violence can manifest in many forms, including verbal, physical, and emotional abuse, as well as inappropriate clinical practice. This study aims to analyze previous primary studies in assessing the effect of verbal violence and physical violence on the incidence of depression in postpartum women. Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA flow chart and the PICO model. Population: postpartum women. Intervention: experiencing verbal violence and physical violence. Comparison: not experiencing verbal violence and physical violence. Outcome: depression. The online databases used are PubMed, SpringerLink, Scopus and ProQuest with the keywords “Verbal Abuse” Verbal Violence” OR “Intimate Partner Violence” AND “Physical Violence” OR “Physical Intimate Partner Violence” OR “Domestic Violence” OR “Physical Abuse” AND depression OR “Post Tramumatic Stress Disorder” AND “Postpartum” AND “Cross sectional” AND “aOR”. There were 12 cross-sectional studies published in 2016-2022 that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis was carried out using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: Meta-analysis was carried out on 12 articles with a cross-sectional study design from Malaysia, South Africa, Japan, Brazil and Spain. The results showed that postpartum women who received verbal violence were more likely to experience depression 2.89 times than those who did not experience physical violence (aOR= 2.89; 95% CI = 1.96 to 4.25; p= 0.001) and postpartum women who received physically abused were 2.29 times more likely to experience depression than those who did not experience physical violence (aOR = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.37 to 3.83; p= 0.002). Conclusion: Verbal violence and physical violence can affect the incidence of depression in postpartum women. Keywords: postpartum women, verbal abuse, physical abuse, depression.