Abstract
BackgroundMitochondria are involved in energy production, oxidative balance, cell survival/apoptosis, immune response, and inflammation. A possible role in affective disorders has fueled research on mitochondrial targets for novel treatments. MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted, in Science Direct, Scopus and PubMed databases, from inception to 12th September 2022. Key words used were mitochondria AND/OR inflammation AND affective OR bipolar OR depression AND therapy OR treatment OR intervention. ResultsTwenty-one studies were included in the analysis. Animal studies (n=16) have shown positive results for Nucleus Accumbens Deep Brain Stimulation (NAc DBS), Near-Infrared Photobiomodulation (NIR-PBM), exercise, 48-hour fasting, and fluoxetine, Li, valproate, BI-11A7 Bid inhibitor, methylene blue (MB), AC-5216, atractylenolide-III (ALT-III), ONO-2952, oxytocin (OT), tocopherol-a, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Human studies (n=5) have tested adjunctive therapies, with NAC plus antioxidant combination therapy, triacetyl-uridine (TAU), cytidine add-on, and andacetyl-l-carnitine and a-lipoic acid combination, with positive (TAU), negative, or difficult-to-interpret results. LimitationsThe search was conducted on three databases only, and only articles written in English were included. Unpublished articles or research with negative results may have been missed. ConclusionMitochondria-targeting interventions are promising novel treatments for depression and bipolar disorder.
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