Trends In Demographic Development Research Articles

Молодежная миграция в Горном Дагестане как индикатор устойчивого развития территории

Introduction. Identification of the specifics of the course of youth migration in the most problematic mountainous regions of Dagestan. Methods. Comparative geographical, statistical, descriptive-analytical, cartographic research methods were used in the course of the study. Results and discussion. The number of young people in Dagestan has been declining in recent years, which indicates an increase in unfavorable trends in demographic development. The share of young people in the migration loss of the population of Dagestan is more than 42%. The most significant indicators of youth decline are observed in the southern regions with a predominance of Lezgins, Rutulians, Tsakhurs, as well as the Lak and Akushinsky districts, dominated by Lak. This trend is somewhat weaker in the areas of predominant residence of Avars. Magaramkent (more than 12%), Derbent, Akushinsky, Akhtyn (more than 9%) districts are leading in terms of the rate of reduction of the number of young population. The migration decline of young people is typical for all mountain settlements, but the intensity of this process varies by region, one of the provoking factors is inaccessibility. According to the direction of migration flows of young people, interregional outflow prevails (especially in the Rutul and Tabasaran districts). In a significant part of mountain municipalities, the importance of intra-regional youth migrations is high (Agulsky, Dakhdaevsky, Dokuzparinsky districts are in the lead), while the urban area receives a small replenishment. A very insignificant positive balance can be traced in international migration (the Lak and Magaramkent districts are distinguished). Conclusions. The mountainous territories of Dagestan are losing young people, which is one of the most important factors provoking a decrease in the sustainability of socio-economic development. The unfavorable geographical position of settlements and the peculiarities of the ethnic composition of the population are among the determinants that increase the outflow of young people from mountainous areas. The dominance of interregional youth decline in inter-regional flows is traced. Less significant intraregional flows are directed to the plains and coastal more dynamically developing territories.

РОЖДАЕМОСТЬ НА ДАЛЬНЕМ ВОСТОКЕ РОССИИ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ, ПРИЧИНЫ, ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ

Significance. Given the current trends in demographic development, the existing disproportion between the population and the vast territory of the Far Eastern Federal District may significantly increase in the future, which will intensify certain concerns about a possible violation of the geopolitical balance out here. Fertility indicators have revealed the main demographic risk zones of the regions of the eastern territories. The purpose of the study is to analyze dynamics in birth rates in the Russian Far East, gender composition and age structure of the population to identify risk zones when taking effective measures to improve the situation. Material and methods. The analysis used World Health Organization data, databases and collections of Rosstat and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation by federal district and region of Russia, information on the implementation of the National Demography Project. Results. Determining trends in dynamics in birth rates in the Russian Far East shows that in urban areas of the Far Eastern regions, the type of demographic behavior inherent in the newcomer population and focused on having one child prevails, while in rural areas the traditions of the indigenous population are preserved. Until 2015, relatively high birth rates were recorded in “national” regions with the predominance of populations belonging to the indigenous people of the North and the Far East, in whose culture large families are accepted. The mother’s average age is increasing, there was a shift in the age of first-time mothers (20-24 years) to an older age group (25-29 years and 30-34 years). A decline in fertility in the near future will be due to a significant reduction in the number of women of reproductive age, especially in its active phase (20–39 years). A new model of marital and, as a result, reproductive behavior of young families is being formed. From the point of view of marital behavior, it implies an increase in the age at first marriage, refusal of marriage, popularity of informal marriage, etc. From the point of view of reproductive behavior, it involves postponing births in marriage until material standards are achieved, as well as in the interests of increasing one’s social status. Conclusion. One of the promising areas for improving the demographic situation is the adoption of effective social measures and programs to increase birth rates in young families. Only a rising dynamics in birth rates can give a real and sustainable impetus to stabilizing fertility for the national security of the eastern territories.

Demographic Development and Social-Demographic Policy in Zambia

The purpose of the study was to identify trends in demographic development and features of the socio-demographic policy of the Republic of Zambia in the context of the demographic transition. The main research method is the statistical analysis of the demographic data of the current registration and population censuses of the Republic. The sources of information are demographic statistics and demographic surveys presented in the materials of national agencies and international organizations of the UN system. Zambia is on the path of the demographic transition, but so far remains one of the youngest countries in the world in terms of the average age of the population. The annual population growth rate remains significant at the level of 2.5-3%. The country maintains a high birth rate. As a large cohort of young people enter their reproductive years, the population of the Republic is expected to double in the next 25 years. The demographic situation may exacerbate some socio-economic problems, including an increase in demand for jobs, a shortage of medical care and social services. In this situation, the state socio-demographic policy of Zambia, although focused on the UN Sustainable Development Goals until 2030, has not yet fully responded to demographic changes. By 2030, the authorities of the Republic of Zambia have set the achievement of a prosperous nation with an average income as the goal of the country’s development by 2030. In this context, the health of the workforce remains an important component. It is considered that a healthy workforce will allow the country to increase productivity and gain a significant demographic dividend.

Tourism as a factor in demographic development trends in Bosnia and Herzegovina – the case of Neum and Jahorina

Despite the extremely unfavorable demographic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina over the last thirty years, the tourism sector has exhibited notable positive trends. This study aims at exploring whether tourism, particularly at the local level, positively influences the demographic development of the country and serves as a tool for more successful demographic, economic, and overall spatial development. Neum, the only coastal tourist resort in the country, and Jahorina, one of the leading ski tourist resorts, have been selected as representative case studies. The objective of the study is to analyse the impact of tourism on the demographic development of Neum and Jahorina from the beginnings of mass tourism until today, with a specific focus on the most recent period. Data on tourist flow, employment in tourism and the number and age structure of the population have been analysed in relation to key socio-economic processes that have influenced both tourism and demographic development.

Comparing intraregional trends of demographic development in the Russian Near North (on the example of Arkhangelsk, Vologda, and Kostroma Oblasts)

The article compares intraregional trends in demographic development of the old-developed territories of the Russian Near North: Arkhangelsk, Vologda, and Kostroma Oblasts. The author identifies trends in the fertility, mortality, and migration in 2011—2019 basing on the statistical indicators characterizing the demographic situation in municipal entities and urban districts of the old-developed areas in these regions. A comparative analysis of the demographic dynamic in the three regions confirmed the well-known conclusions about depopulation, urbanization, and migration loss in most municipalities. Steady depopulation was observed in medium-sized and small cities, including in municipal centers, where the inflow of population from the nearest periphery is decreasing. The further away from Moscow the region is, the higher the growth rate of the urban population and the rate of decline in the rural population.

МІЖНАРОДНА ТРУДОВА МІГРАЦІЯ В ПЕРІОД РОСІЙСЬКОЇ ВІЙНИ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ

The article is devoted to the development of international labor migration during the Russian war against Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to determine the essence and features of international labor migration on the basis of the analysis of Ukrainian and foreign literary sources, and its tasks are to identify internal and external factors in the formation of Ukraine's migration potential; conducting of the classification of international labor migration; characteristics of changes that occur in international labor migration during the war. The study found that international labor migration occupies a prominent place in the system of international economic relations as a barometer that characterizes the level of international division of labor, trends in demographic development, socio-economic and political situation of donor countries and recipient countries of labor. It has been shown that during the war, both the number of external labor migrants and forced migrants increased significantly, and a large part of the civilian population became refugees who were forced to seek asylum in European countries. There have been some changes in the geography of external migration processes, namely their reorientation from the Russian vector to the European one. The number of migrant workers and refugees from regions affected by active hostilities has increased. However, the war does not significantly affect the cyclical nature of Ukrainian labor migration. As before, the predominant type of external labor migration are short-term departures outside Ukraine. At the same time, one should expect an increase in the irreversibility of the movement of educational migrants, which poses certain threats to national security, as it significantly complicates the demographic situation in the country and destroys the Ukrainian labor market. Given the difficult socio-economic and demographic situation in Ukraine, which worsened during the war, solving existing problems in the field of external labor migration requires intensification of state migration policy in its main areas in particular the creation of decent living conditions in the postwar period, restoration of the national economy and infrastructure of the country. The most relevant areas of further research on this issue are the deepening of the theoretical foundations of the study of migration as a phenomenon and process, as well as the development of modern mechanisms for its regulation.

Расчет индекса демографического развития стран и регионов на примере Монголии и ее ближайшего окружения с помощью ГИС-технологий

This article presents the results of the creation and formation of an effective system of indicators for calculating the index of demographic development of countries and their regions (using the example of Mongolia and its immediate environment). As the content and use of statistical data, the authors rely on the most comprehensive and interpretable indicators available at the studied territorial levels. Thus, within the framework of the study, a statistical database of basic demographic indicators was collected, which included data on the number of births, deaths, natural growth, migration growth in the countries of the world, as well as in the regions of the studied countries (China, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan) for 2018. The study was based on the official statistics of the Eurasian countries of international organizations. Within the framework of this work, the authors also prove the effectiveness of using the obtained indices, as well as the selected set of indicators. Also, using GIS technologies, informative materials were created within the framework of the study for an effective analysis of the demographic situation of the countries of Eurasia and their regions on the example of Mongolia and its immediate environment. Based on the materials obtained, the main features of the demographic situation at various territorial levels are described using a single set of indicators, a comparative analysis of current trends in demographic development in the world, on the territory of Eurasia, as well as in the regions of Mongolia and its surrounding countries is given. The ultimate goal of this work is to form a basic system of indicators for creating an integral index of demographic development of the countries and regions of Eurasia, capable of becoming part of a common system of indices reflecting the socio-economic development of the countries and regions of Eurasia. Which in the future will become part of a full-fledged atlas information system (AIS) of Socio-economic development of the Eurasian Academy of Sciences.

Динамика смертности и продолжительность жизни населения регионов Дальнего Востока России: 2013–2021 гг.

The article discusses the current trends in demographic development in the Far Eastern Federal District in the period 2013–2021, which, on the one hand, is characterized by the implementation of a large-scale package of state economic and social policy measures in relation to the accelerated development of the macroregion, and, on the other hand, includes a two-year period restrictive measures in connection with the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). On the basis of statistical information, the parameters reflecting the natural movement of the population (birth and death rates) are analyzed, and the relative mortality rates for the main causes in the context of the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District are analyzed in more detail. As part of the study, it was found that a high level of mortality continues to persist in the macroregion, especially due to diseases of the circulatory system, digestion, and respiration, including against the background of the spread of COVID-19, as well as under the influence of external causes, significantly outstripping the average indicators for certain territories around the country. It is shown that the combination of negative consequences of increased mortality contributes to a decrease in life expectancy of the population, both in the Far East as a whole and in each of the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, which during the study period in this indicator never reached the average Russian level. Taking into account the existing negative trends in the natural movement of the population of the macroregion, exacerbated by the external shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic, the low probability of achieving the target indicators stated in the official strategic documents on the demographic development of the Far East is substantiated

Current Trends in the Demographic Development of the Population of Small Villages in Zakarpattia Region

One of the dominant features of modern civilisation is the growing correlation between economic growth and the quality of its human potential, the level and condition of which are vital components of national wealth and the driving force of economic prosperity. Hence the increased attention to the analysis of current trends in demographic development of the population. This particularly concerns the lower administrative-territorial level, because it is there that the demoreproducing processes are developed and the life processes of the population take place. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the main trends of demographic development of the population of small rural settlements of Zakarpatska Oblast and identify factors that generate depopulation phenomena and, consequently, formulate recommendations for minimising the impact of said factors on the demographic processes among the rural population. In accordance with the set purpose, the study analyses the main trends in the demographic development of the population of small rural settlements in the Zakarpatska Oblast over the past 30 years. The demo-reproducing processes were studied considering the population structure in terms of natural and economic zones of the region, covering small villages of lowland, foothill, and mountain natural and economic zones. It was established that vertical zoning affects not only the conditions of business affairs and entrepreneurial activity of the population, but also the dynamics of natural population growth. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of the dynamics of change in the population living in small settlements. The study identifies the main reasons that determine the strengthening of depopulation in small villages of the mountain natural economic zone. The authors prove the fact of decrease in the population density of small villages with their remoteness from regional centres and cities. The paper also features an analysis of changes in the age and sex structure of the population of small rural settlements, as well as identifies factors that deform the sex and age structure of the population, the effect of which in the near future will lead to decrease in the number of the economically active population and increase in budgetary expenditures for the maintenance of retired persons. The authors provide sound justification of the necessity of measures aimed at ensuring the effective implementation of demographic policy, thereby improving the quality of the human potential of the rural population, as well as preserving and reproducing its life and labour potential

Features of the birth rate of the kazakh population in the modern period and the formation of new trends in demographic development

At the present stage of the development of Kazakhstan, there is a stabilization of the demographic situation, an increase in the population, and a weakening of the migration outflow from the republic. Among the factors that influence demographic processes, endogenous becomes the dominant one. The above brings to the fore the problem of analyzing the processes of reproduction and fertility. The article considers the following characteristics of fertility-age-by-age indicators, the total coefficient and the net coefficient. The analysis of birth rates is presented in the regional context. The paper presents statistical data on the reproduction of the Kazakh ethnic group in the period from 1990 to 2009. Based on the analysis of statistical data, the author of the article made conclusions that allow us to talk about the formation of new trends in the demographic development of the Kazakh ethnic group.

Specifics and prospects of the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug labour market in the context of economic and demographic development trends

The paper studies peculiarities of formation and use of the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug labour potential. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of the situation in the regional labour market, its main determinants and development prospects, and to formulate proposals for employment policy corresponding to the peculiarities of the socio-demographic and economic situation. The paper is based on state labour statistics, municipal statistics, information of the Federal Register of Disabiled Persons, and the Rosstat population surveys data. To solve the research tasks the author uses methods of descriptive statistical analysis, as well as clustering methods in application to data characterizing tensions in the labour market of the municipalities of the region. The results of the analysis indicate the high role of migration in the formation of the labour potential of the region. Among the structural features of employment of the Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug are a significant share of shift labour and a high proportion of migrants in the labour force, significant disparities in the structure of employed by economic activity and occupational group, as well as a small proportion of self-employed and entrepreneurs. The author concludes that the problems of the labour market act as an obstacle to the sustainable development of the region.

Spatial relationships of the local community (the case of the village Pronino, Vesiegonsky district, Tver region)

The article is devoted to topical issues of the study of population migration at the local level. On the example of a specific rural settlement — the village of Pronino, Vesyegonsky district — the spatial relations of the rural community are considered. The article gives a comprehensive description of the village of Pronino over the past 150 years. The influence of the geographical factor on the development of the settlement is estimated, specialization is analyzed, and trends in demographic development are considered. A relationship is established between the evolution of the functions of a settlement and the change in its population. Based on the data from field studies, the real ties of local residents with other settlements and regions are analyzed. Most of the inhabitants of Pronino are natives of the village and the surrounding settlements. A completely opposite picture is observed in the distribution of Pronino inhabitants’ children who move. Most of the children moved to St. Petersburg or Vesyegonsk. In recent years, migration trends have changed, and more and more children of local residents choose the regional capital — Tver. The geography of subscribers of the virtual community of the village of Pronino in the social network VKontakte largely reflects the real spatial relations Most of the community’s subscribers live in St. Petersburg; in second place, the district center, Vesyegonsk; in third place, Tver. A comparison of field research data and data from social networks allowed us to conclude that the virtual mobility of the rural population has spatial trends almost the same as real ones. Particular attention is paid to the seasonal migration of the population, using a survey of summer residents who identified their permanent residence and the main reasons for choosing Pronino. The survey data confirmed the hypothesis that the target users of the “distant summer cottages” are natives of these settlements.

The relevance of potato farming in the agricultural economy (on the example of the Republic of Uzbekistan)

In a difficult situation, with the unstable economic situation in the world, in a number of countries, the main element of increasing the economic activity of commodity producers is an extensive study of the activities, in terms of the importance of production, of certain types of products in the food sector. The study is very relevant, it determines the importance of potatoes as a food crop and commodity. Ways of ensuring a reliable system of operation of the potato growing sector are being investigated. The potato growing sector is of great importance, potatoes are one of the popular food crops that create stability and support a nutritious diet for the country's population. The development of the potato sector is based on the trends of the general economic development of the country and it should be emphasized such factors as the state economic policy and strategy for the development of the agricultural sector, trends in demographic development in rural areas, the current state of the production system, industry-wide trends in the functioning of the potato market in the country and in the world. The study examined the modern place of potatoes in the human diet, and the importance of potatoes in food and economic value for the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

НЕКОТОРЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО РАЙОНА В XXI ВЕКЕ

Implementation of the "Concept of demographic policy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025" and Priority national projects in health and demography helped to reduce mortality and increase birth rate. However, these processes in rural areas had their own characteristics due to the long-term systemic crisis. Purpose: to assess the state and trends in demographic development of the rural district of the Krasnoyarsk region. Material and methods. The paper uses data of the State statistics for the period 2010-2018. The main demographic indicators of the Nizhneingashsky district of the Krasnoyarsk region were studied: population size, population structure by age and gender, birth and death rates. Results. The district population has a long-term sustainable tendency towards decreasing (15.9% during the study period). It is mainly due to the migration outflow of the working – age population, the size of which decreased by 24.6 %. The district mortality rate is high (16.7‰), however, during the study period it has dropped by 30.3 %. There is an ongoing tendency towards reduction in the share of people of working ages (up to 55.9%) in the population structure, primarily due to moving to other territories, and increase in the share of the elderly and senile (up to 23.9%), which makes it possible to classify this area as the one with a very high level of demographic old age population. Analysis of indicators of the special birth rate F allows us to characterize it as low (˂ 64‰). The growth rate of this indicator added up to 20.9 % in 2013 compared to 2010, while it decreased by 45.9% from 2013 to 2018. From 2010 to 2017, the total birth rate in the Nizhneingashsky district decreased by -1.02‰ (∆b), or 7.5 %. Conclusion. The ongoing decline in the share of fertile females is the main demographic factor that has spurred the decline in the birth rate since 2013. Opening new jobs in the district will stimulate the influx of people from other territories as well as reduce the migration outflow of the working-age population, rather increasing the population then just preserving its size. Increase in the share of the working-age population of reproductive age will contribute to the increased birth rate, because it is traditionally higher in rural areas. Improving demographic situation in the district requires development of socio-economic measures aimed at stimulating the birth of the third and subsequent children.

FINANCING OF LABOR RESOURCES IN CONDITIONS OF CRISIS CYCLICITY

Introduction. The philosophy of state policy of Ukraine should be aimed at developing the economic potential of the nation and its well-being, the ability of the economy to effectively use and restore labor resources. Therefore, further modernization of labor finance requires the harmonization of economic interests of its participants and the development of society in the context of promoting job creation, business growth and improving the level and quality of life. Purpose. Disclosure of conceptual bases of financing of labor resources in the conditions of crisis cyclicity and delineation of expediency of application of public-private programs for formation of the proper level of economic stimulation and social support of workers. Results. The essence of labor resources financing within the institutional, dialectical, reproductive and systemic approaches is substantiated, taking into account the peculiarities of the labor market development. The economic and social principles of increasing responsibility and trust between the state and citizens in crisis conditions are analyzed, in particular, the intensification of state incentives for employment by fully or partially subsidizing the creation of new jobs in enterprises. There was a significant reduction in the number of economically active population, including employed and unemployed. It was emphasized that this situation was influenced by negative trends in demographic development: population aging, rising mortality, depopulation, deformation of gender and age, migration outflow of able-bodied citizens outside the region. Conclusions. In a market economy, the financing of labor resources should be studied in terms of a set of interconnected elements and subsystems (organizational, technical, managerial, technological, regulatory), which aim to increase the efficiency of the financing process for systemic changes in the environment, including crisis cyclicality. The main components of the state program of labor resources development are determined. To restore labor resources, it is proposed to use public-private programs that provide an opportunity to form an appropriate level of financial incentives and social support for workers. Public-private programs should be structured depending on the level of the subject and the chosen means and tools of material incentives and intangible incentives for employees, improving their professional competencies and professional abilities.

Demographic development trends in the Russian Eastern Arctic

The paper considers the features of the demographic processes in the Russian Arctic zone by the example of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the period from 1939 to 2017. The future of the Arctic depends in large part on its demographic potential. What should be the population of the territory, how the space is organized, whether the population is needed, or enough of the watch organization of production: what should be done (or what not to do) so that the way of life of the native and the indigenous population remained in harmony with the environment, and at the same time solved large-scale tasks in the interests of the country. The study uses the method of constructing and comparing demographic pyramids for different time periods. There are specified demographic groups that differ in their reproductive behavior. On this basis, time periods were identified, within which demographic processes were going in different ways that allows us to assess the relationship between the nature and outcome of these processes and the structure of population at different stages of history. Based on the prospective analysis of the demographic processes in the territory of development of this part of the country, there was revealed the specific in the dynamics and features of the formation of the demographic potential through natural reproduction and migration movement of the indigenous people and newcomers. The authors examined the changes in the population structure at the time of population growth due to intensive arrivals before 1990 and the dramatic decrease as a result of the outflow in the 1990 s, which significantly changed the structure of the population, the ratio between different groups. This approach to analysis of demographic indicators may be used in elaboration of strategic plans for socio-economic development of the region. It gives an adequate assessment of the current situation, helps to formulate in strategic documents the goals and objectives of socioeconomic development, to determine the priorities in the regional demographic policy.

Многовариантное математико-картографическое моделирование демографической характеристики регионов России и Европы

The study of modern trends in demographic development in Europe and Russia, in particular the assessment of spatial patterns of changes require updating the database of demographic indicators. To carry out a comparative analysis of current trends in demographic development in Europe and Russia, three sets of indicators characterizing the demographic state of the regions were formed. The calculation of indices of demographic development with different sets of indicators was made. A series of maps of the demographic situation and its dynamics in the GIS environment was developed. The joint analysis of all nine variants of the demographic state enabled developing a single, final index for assessing the demographic development of the territory. Multivariate mathematical-cartographic modeling helped performing a qualitative assessment of demographic processes and their changes. The implicit features and differences in the demographic characteristics of the regions are revealed. The application of classification algorithms to such a vast territory helps decision-making as part of a change in demographic policy.

Tracing long-term demographic changes: The issue of spatial scales.

This paper deals with the analysis of long-term changes in population densities at the regional and macro-regional scale and in the density of metapopulations. The following issues concerning estimations are addressed: chronological resolution of demographic changes, estimation of the weight of values for population density in order to transform the initial values included in the sample into the values that may be compared with each other at the regional scale, calibration of the transformed values into real population densities, and the estimation of the weight of values for population density at the scales of macro-regions and for the density of metapopulations. The proposed methods are tested on demographic changes in Central Europe, Southern Scandinavia, Southeastern Europe, and the Near East. The obtained results represent major trends in demographic development, while the proposed methodology could also be applied in other wide-scale demographic analyses.

Forms and directions of migration from the countries of the Middle East in 1990-2017

The article examines the modern forms and directions of migration from the countries of the Middle East in the period from 1990 to 2017. It is shown that the high emigration potential of the countries of the Middle East is formed not only by socio-economic and political factors, but also by demographic development trends. Based on a detailed study of official statistics, special attention is paid to the study of the dynamics and geography of international migration in the region. Detailed donor countries and recipient countries of migrants from the Middle East. The political and ethnocultural consequences of large-scale migration from this region to European countries are considered.

FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC PENSION INSURANCE

The article clarifies the peculiarities of the development of the pension system over the last decades and highlights the key stages of its reform. The main stages of the formation of a modern system of pensions are related to the adoption of legislative acts that deal with its improvement. The modern pension system of Ukraine is characterized by a number of negative phenomena: low level of pensions; a significant deficit of the Pension Fund of Ukraine, which is covered from the state budget, the availability of "special" pensions, negative trends in demographic development. Over the past five years, pensions remained virtually unchanged. If the amount of wages has doubled, then the amount of pensions increased by 30%. It should also be borne in mind that the military aggression against Ukraine has caused a high level of inflation and devaluation of the national currency during this period. Thus, the level of material support for Ukrainian pensioners is extremely unsatisfactory. Reforms of the pension system, which were carried out during the last decade, were also aimed at overcoming the budget deficit of the Pension Fund of Ukraine. To this end, the rates of a single social contribution were reduced in order to «withdraw» wages from the «shadow»; increased retirement age for women; Some «corruption" pension provisions for certain categories of population were canceled. However, the budget deficit of the Pension Fund has not only decreased, but also increased. Negative trends in demographic development add a particular danger to the functioning of the pension system. In recent years, the number of people of retirement age has not changed, but the number of young people and the number of children has decreased by 10 million people. In order to stabilize the pension system it is expedient to: refuse to put into effect the accumulative level of the pension system, which may lead to the final collapse of the joint system and is aimed at preserving income for top managers of state enterprises and high-level officials; increase the rate of the single social contribution for self-employed persons; to expand the scope of collecting fees to the Pension Fund of Ukraine; to carry out gradual updating of the size of the pension provision in accordance with the requirements of the International Labor Organization.