Delay In Payments Research Articles

PENGARUH KELENGKAPAN ADMINISTRASI DAN KATEGORI IMPORTIR TERHADAP DWELLING TIME PADA PT. ANUGERAH INDO MARITIM SEJAHTERA MEDAN BELAWAN

To ensure imports, or organizations must comply with regulations by the Department of Immigration and External Border Protection of the State and customs. This study aims to determine the effect of administrative completeness and importer category on Dwelling Time at PT. The Indo Maritime Prosperity Award in Medan Belawan. The results showed that the t-test on administrative completeness had a negative effect on residence time. In this regard, the exporter is not careful in issuing commercial invoices and packing lists as filling in the PIB by PT AIMS. The import category based on the t-test has an effect or is in the direction of residence time. In this regard, the OSS application made by the government as a registration requirement in the issuance of API, NIK, NPWP related to the importer category has not been well integrated. The general importer category can only have one API-U for each imported item. The requirements for tax rates for the import category are limited, high tariffs make companies (customers) delay payment of import taxes to the state treasury. In the single agent importer category, quota restrictions for imports of factory-produced goods abroad are an obstacle because goods that are almost at the port due to the new enactment of this regulation make imported goods enter the customs inspection lane because they exceed the quota for imported goods. In the determination test, administrative completeness and importer category only affected 20.2% of residence time and the remaining 79.8% of other factors not examined.

Working capital management and financial health of private hospitals of India after COVID-19 pandemic

The main objective of this study is to reduce working capital requirements, and to reduce the investments of private healthcare providers in their operating activities .A fundamental research was conducted by conducting a survey of 55 non- profit private hospitals of India in the period (2018-2021). Authors conceptualized a research model to develop hypotheses. Correlation between financial elements and the capital structure relevance was found out. Result indicates that, during Covid -19 pandemic, private hospitals made balance in working capital by allowing capital gap while adopting a delay payment strategy. Operating activities of the hospitals were financed by profit and working capitals of the hospitals are varying according to their financial need. It was suggested that the government needs to change healthcare policy, and give some funding and tax waiving hospitals. This study will be very helpful for the healthcare providers, hospital managers, medical staffs and other stake holders.

PENETAPAN PEMBIAYAAN LEASING SYARIAH DI FIF KOTA METRO PERSPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH

Indonesia's financial development is also marked by the diversification of financial products, namely by the emergence of non-bank financing institutions that can be used as alternatives to meet the community's needs for the desired financing. The development of non-bank financial institutions that offer various forms of financing facilities will further expand the provision of alternative financing for the business world and the needs of the Indonesian people in the Indonesian economic system. This study aims to determine the determination of Islamic financing and the mechanism of sanctions for late payments at the Metro City FIF. This type of research is field research (field research). While the nature of this research is descriptive. The data sources used are primary and secondary data sources. Data was collected using interview and documentation techniques. The data from the findings are described descriptively and analyzed using inductive thinking.
 The results of this study indicate that the determination of Islamic financing in the Islamic system is not known as the interest system as an instrument to obtain profits for the company. Because basically sharia financing in conducting business transactions uses a sale and purchase contract or known as murabahah, which is a contract used to procure an item by confirming the purchase price to the buyer and the buyer pays it in installments at a higher price as profit. The Sharia FIF mechanism if the consumer is unable to pay the installments then the goods will be withdrawn and resold. So that the FIF Syariah does not pay attention and even tends to eliminate the risk aspects that will be encountered when the customer/consumer occurs in the event of a delay in payment

Contract farming scheme for rubber production in Western region of Ghana: why do farmers side sell?

ABSTRACT Contract farming guarantees smallholder farmers a reliable market, allow them to access inputs and technical support, and thus improve their welfare. However, side selling is a major threat to the promotion and development of contract farming in Sub-Saharan Africa, including in Ghana. While there is growing interest in addressing this issue for food crops and other tree crops, particularly coffee, there is limited literature on this subject for rubber. Against this background, our paper contributes to filling this knowledge gap by answering the research question “Why do smallholder farmers engage in side selling?” using primary data from 370 rubber farmers participating in an outgrower scheme in Western region of Ghana. A binary Probit regression model is applied in the empirical analysis. We find that 20% of the rubber farmers engaged in contract farming are involved in side selling. The results show that contractor’s delays in payment, delays in weighing latex and farmers’ difficulty in getting truck to transport latex to sale point are positively correlated with side selling behaviour while farmers’ age and access to extension services decrease their likelihood of engaging in side selling. To curb side selling behaviour among rubber farmers, it is important that the contractor addresses the transaction related challenges faced by farmers.

Does REDD+ Complement Law Enforcement? Evaluating Impacts of an Incipient Initiative in Madre de Dios, Peru

Subnational initiatives to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation and enhance carbon stocks (REDD+) have been implemented across the tropics over the last decade. Such initiatives are often embedded within pre-existing conservation policies, such as forest law enforcement, making it challenging to disentangle attributable impacts. In this article, we analyze a new REDD+ project implemented in Brazil nut concessions in the southeastern Peruvian Amazon. Public law enforcement to verify compliance with Peru's Forest Law was already ongoing and intensified locally during our study period. Thus, we combine longitudinal data from remote sensing and household surveys of 197 concessionaires in a before–after control-intervention (BACI) study design to: a) evaluate the project's impacts during the 2012–2018 period on deforestation, forest degradation, and the participants' wellbeing and b) assess how the law-enforcing field inspections may have complemented the project effects. Our results show that the REDD+ initiative had insignificant effects on deforestation and forest degradation, but confirm the curbing effects of the field inspection measures on forest loss. The non-significance of the REDD+ effects may reflect delays in cash incentive payments to enrolled concessionaires, lack of careful alignment of benefit provision with project participants, and limited enforcement of project conditionalities. Most REDD+ participants reported a reduced subjective wellbeing, which may reflect the frustrated expectations associated with project implementation. We discuss the implications of our results and outline lessons for similar tropical forest conservation initiatives.

Implementation Of Final Sanctions On Murabahah Akad At Mandiri Sharia Bank

The development of Islamic banks in Indonesia is quite significant, this is indicated by the increasing number of Islamic banking institutions that have been established. From a number of Islamic bank products, the most widely used is murabahah financing products. To avoid losses suffered by Islamic banking due to delays in customer payments for their maturing obligations, especially in murabahah contracts, a provision is made regarding the application of sanctions by taking a number of assets as a fine for delays made by customers, with the aim of providing a deterrent effect to people who are able but delaying payments. This paper uses a descriptive method of application from secondary data sources in the form of books, articles and documents from the internet either from websites or other valid sources.

Conflicts between Main Contractor and Domestic Sub-Contractors in the Building Projects in Tanzania; Experiences and Causes

Conflicts are unavoidable in the projects; there is no project that is free from conflicts. At the same time, sub-contracting has been, and continues to be a very important aspect in building construction industry, as standard procedure in construction. Thus, the study aims at analyzing the conflicts between main contractor and domestic sub-contractors in building construction projects in Tanzania. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed in this research. Data was collected using questionnaires. A total of 38 questionnaires were distributed to building construction and domestic sub-contractors found in Dar-es-Salaam, and 32 were returned fairly filled for analysis accounting to 84.2%. On the experience in terms of the connection between main and sub-contractor; findings revealed 81.3% their relationship to be good. 43.8% said yes to have ever been in a project that did not go well because of problems between main and sub-contractor, while 53.1% said “no”. Moreover, on whether the project contract prepared are to each party specifications and satisfaction; 84.4% of the respondents said sometimes. In terms of the availability of a penalty clause in the project contract, if one of the parties fails to comply; 56.3% of the respondents said sometimes. 40.6% of the respondents said the payment is normally done immediately after completion. Furthermore, 75.0% said the contract is prepared by the main contractor. Besides, findings revealed PPRA as the most used form of sub-contract by 56.3% respondents. Additionally, 65.5% of the respondents have had a share of conflicts, either as a main contractor against a sub-contractor, or as a sub-contractor against a main contractor. Also, some respondents revealed, failing to follow instruction, delaying in materials delivery to site, poor quality of work, as well as main contractor’s squeezing them firmly on the quoted prices, leaving them fighting to make ends meet, alongside experiencing huge loses; as the main areas sparking the conflicts. Finally,69.6% reported the extent of occurrences of conflicts in Tanzanian building construction industry to be frequently. Moreover, Findings revealed delays in payment, poor communication, lack of trust, consultants delay in approving work and sample material, and shortage of construction materials in the market as well as unexpected price escalations are the factors with the highest frequency in causing conflicts. The study concludes that for the project to run smoothly and with less conflicts, proper attention must be paid to all recommendations such as good communication, cooperation and timely payment; early notice and proper records keeping; sub-contractor should have enough fund for project; certify work on time and timely payment; and risk management plan.

Inventory Policy for Retail Stores: A Multi-Item EOQ Model Considering Permissible Delay in Payment and Limited Warehouse Capacity

The retail industry such as minimarkets has many products consisting of several types of products that have expiration dates. Their warehouses have limited capacity, making it difficult to make decision about optimum inventory. Most of the suppliers will give permissible delay in payment, that can be used to increase income potential through earned by considering the risk of fines imposed if payments are exceeded and help companies raise capital before generating sales. These three factors must be considered when developing the inventory model. The purpose of this study is to develop a multi-item inventory model by considering perishable or damaged products, permissible delay in payment in limited warehouse. Model development is carried out in 2 stages. The first stage was the development of a multi-item EOQ model by considering product defects and permissible delay in payment. The second stage model is by adding a capacity constraint factor to the model. The results obtained are getting the optimal order quantity by considering the number of product types, product damage factors, late payments in limited warehouses, the best ordering policy can be found, and it is known that the total inventory costs to changes in parameters are good and sensitive to changes in percentage, interest percentage, payment allowances, and warehouse capacity through sensitivity tests.

THE URGENCY OF TA'ZIR IMPLEMENTATION IN SHARIA BANKING

This study aims to see the urgency of implementing ta'zir in Islamic banking. Ta'zir is a form of sanction given to individuals or groups and institutions in the event of a violation that has been agreed upon. The provisions and forms of sanctions do not exist in Islamic law. Thus, there are pros and cons when applied to certain fields such as Islamic Financial Institutions. Because the mechanism and form are not explained. The application of ta'zir in Islamic banking refers to the provisions of the DSN-MUI fatwa No. 17/DSN-MUI/IX/2000 while the sanctions referred to in the regulation are sanctions for customers who can pay, but deliberately delay payments. This study is qualitative in nature by using library data sources. Data collection techniques are carried out using literature studies related to the object of research in the form of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. The urgency of implementing ta'zir in Islamic banking, especially for financing customers by the DSN-MUI fatwa criteria, is an effective rule to discipline and provide a deterrent effect to those who violate it. As an intermediary institution, of course, banks do not want and bear the losses arising from customer negligence or intentional in carrying out business contracts and transactions, so the regulation is made as a preventive measure and anticipatory action.

Credit Agreement Due To The Corona-19 Pandemic (Study of Wonosari District Court Decision Number 3/Pdt.G.S/2020)

The corona pandemic as a delay in credit payments, the determination of the non-natural disaster Covid-19 as a national disaster through Presidential Decree 12/2020 does not automatically become the basis for parties in commercial agreements to declare themselves in a state of force majeure. In-depth study of case by case analysis by paying attention to the clauses in an agreement becomes the benchmark for determining the state of force majeure. As a result of parties who did not fulfill their achievements in the credit agreement during the Covid-19 period. The suspension of liability occurs when a force majeure event is temporary. When the condition of the obstacle has recovered, for example the export ban is lifted again, then the obligation of the seller returns to recover to hand over the exported goods. Agreement resulting from the corona 19 pandemic in the perspective of presidential decree no. 12 of 2020 concerning the determination of non-natural disasters (Wonosari State Court Decision Study Number 3 / Pdt.G.S / 2020) in agreements usually also regulates the consequences of a force majeure event, for example whether to postpone an agreement or can be used as a condition for canceling an agreement

Delphi study for evaluating key risk factors inherent in public-private partnership (PPP) power projects in Ghana

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the key risk factors inherent in public–private partnership (PPP) power projects in Ghana and further determine the critical risk factors affecting both the public and private sectors in PPP power projects. Design/methodology/approach Ranking-type Delphi survey in two rounds was conducted to establish a comprehensive list of critical risk factors of PPP. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques helped obtain experts for the Delphi survey. Mean score ranking, factor analysis, Cronbach α coefficient and Kendall’s concordance were used for analysis. The probability of occurrence and severity of each risk factor were computed to obtain the risk impact. Findings From the list of 67 risks, 37 risk factors were deemed to be critical. The five topmost risk factors were: delay payment on contract, private investor change, political risks, fluctuating demand of power generated and public opposition. Principal component analysis grouped the risk factors into seven major themes. Originality/value This study develops an authoritative risk factor list for PPP power projects, which reflects both sector and country conditions for prioritizing and mitigating risk factors. Delphi approach adopted in this study can be used by future studies in similar environments where PPP is novel and expert respondents scarce.

Sectoral impact of COVID-19 on micro enterprises with special reference to Kerala

The aftershocks of the novel corona virus had shut down several sectors in the global economy. Due to challenges like raw material shortage, lack of demand, high turnover, delay in bill payments and orders caused by the lockdown restrictions, the micro enterprises were seriously affected the most. On the basis of the background, the present study deals with sectoral impact of Covid crisis on the micro enterprises. Challenges with respect to production, employment, finance and sales are discussed in the paper. Business like Kudumbashrees, handicraft, handloom and dairy farm, covering the whole Kerala with 14 districts, are considered to be more vulnerable to the negative shocks and are hence taken onto the study to identify the kind of factors that led to the hampering of the business. One of the major objectives of this study is to identify and analyse the challenges faced by the micro enterprises during Covid-19. The study also needs to understand the coping mechanisms adopted by these micro-enterprises during the crises. Primary data collection, via questionnaires and telephonic interview, is taken for the study where in 80 is chosen as the sample size.

Exploring Causes of Delays in National Road and Highway Projects in Developing Construction Economy

Delay in construction projects, especially in road and highway projects, is a universal phenomenon. Afghanistan construction industry is no exception. There are factors causing delays in the Afghanistan construction industry which have negative effects on the key project stakeholders and the project’s deliverables and outcomes. This research aims to identify the causes of delays that affect highway and road projects in Afghanistan and to provide recommendations in order to minimize or control delays in such projects. This will help, in return, facilitate and improve the delivery of roads and highways projects in Afghanistan. To achieve this aim, the study sets out to achieve the following objectives: 1) to determine the most important causes of delay that affect road and highway projects in Afghanistan, 2) to identify the severity of the delay causes from clients’ and contractors’ perspectives, 3) to investigate the differences and discrepancies between clients’ and contractors’ opinions and views, and based on first three objectives, 4) to finally provide recommendations for minimizing and/or controlling delays in road and highway projects, to improve the status-quo and to facilitate procurement/delivery of road and highway projects in Afghanistan. Causes of delay were gathered upon conducting a critical literature review of different types of construction, in different countries. An expert interview and a questionnaire survey formed the basis of this paper, listing 29 important causes of delay in such projects. The major causes of delay then were categorized into three groups following main stages of the highway projects, namely: 1) preparation, 2) procurement, and 3) implementation. The questionnaire survey was distributed to 100 construction participants and 79 were received who represent the government in road projects and contractors. Relative importance index (RII) was calculated and according to the highest values the top ten delay causes of road projects in Afghanistan were determined. Spearman correlation index was used to assess the correlation of causes and groups between clients and contractors. The findings of the study revealed that the top 10 significant factors causing a delay in road projects in Afghanistan are; security (war, theft, kidnapping, etc.), shortage of equipment and material or financial status of contractors, land acquisition, corruption in the procurement process, progress payment delays by owners/clients, non-consideration of security risks in the procurement process, Inaccurate design and bills of quantities, insufficient contractors’ experience, poor qualification of the contractors’ technical staff and award project to lowest bids. The findings will help clients and contractors to mitigate or prevent delays in road and highway projects in Afghanistan. Finally, to help overcome delays in road and highway projects more effectively, recommendations have been made for fundamental reforms in procurement systems for major projects.

PROBLEMS OF AL-SHARF IMPLEMENTATION IN SHARIA BANKING (STUDY LITERATURE)

This study aims to analyze the problems that occur in the implementation of the Sharf contract in Indonesian Islamic banking, this research method is a descriptive qualitative research design with Literature Review or literature review. The results of this study are currency exchange is allowed when if it can be proven that there are no elements of gharar, maisir, usury and juhala, Al-sarf which is allowed in Islamic Sharia is only Spot Transactions while Forward Transactions and Swap Transactions are unlawful, There are problems in the implementation of Al -Sharf such as there should be no delay in payment, it is difficult to identify the customer's purpose for exchanging currency, while it is known that the Al-sarf transaction should not be carried out for the purpose of speculation (chance) or because there is a need for a transaction or as a precaution (savings). And the lack of customer literacy in knowing how to calculate or determine the exchange rate, how to calculate the currency exchange rate itself, so that in Al-Sharf transactions it can cause gharar because it is not understood by both parties to the transaction.

The impact of payment term extensions on the working capital management of an automotive supply chain

Substantial evidence has shown that payment delays generate negative effects on suppliers’ working capital level and thus can further affect the entire supply chain’s working capital efficiency and even result in bankruptcy for capital-constrained suppliers. The adoption of emerging solutions such as supply chain finance (SCF) is considered an innovative approach to deal with this issue. However, the current literature seldom considers the impact of payment term extensions on the supply chain’s working capital management (WCM) through the development of applicable SCF methods. Thus, motivated by how SCF can improve a supply chain’s WCM in the presence of payment delay, we establish a multi-cycle model and identify the conditions under which extended payments will impact on the supply chain’s collaborative cash to cash (CC2C) cycle and the shareholder-value added (SVA). Finally, the numerical analysis not only confirms the major findings of this paper but also provides some additional insights that can assist practitioners in mitigating the adverse effects caused by payment delays.

Responsible Causes of Payment Delays in Indian Construction Industry

Payment delays are endemic in construction projects across the world. Research has shown that payment delays are leading causes of time and cost overruns, disputes, and bankruptcy. Payment delays also have significant economic consequences for companies, jobs, and growth. While adequate research has been conducted in India on causes of delays in construction projects, there has been almost nil research on why payments delays occur and what are the most feasible solutions for reducing payment delays. This research analyses responses of comprehensive questionnaire survey based on literature review and in consultation with industry experts and academia in India and abroad. The survey was administered to select group of approximately equal numbers of major categories of stakeholders directly involved in construction projects. Statistical analysis of the results eventually reflected major implementable points in terms of capacity building, dispute resolution mechanisms, and contract formulation for achieving major impacts in reducing payment delays.

Efektivitas Pelayanan Rumah Pangan Kita (RPK) di Perusahaan Umum Badan Urusan Logistik (Perum Bulog) Kantor Cabang Bukittinggi

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Rumah Pangan Kita (RPK) service at the General Logistics Affairs Agency (Perum BULOG) Bukittinggi Branch Office. This research was carried out using a qualitative descriptive approach in which data collection was based on the factors that became the main supporters of the research object. In this study, the withdrawal of informants was based on a purposive sampling technique which was based on the main criteria, namely that they must be the people of the City of Bukittinggi. This data collection is done by means of interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis is done by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. Then the validity of this data was tested by triangulation of sources which was then analyzed. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the Rumah Pangan Kita program carried out by Perum BULOG at the Bukittinggi Branch Office has been effectively carried out through the RPK companion application. The obstacles experienced by partners are delays in payments exceeding the compensation provided by Perum Bulog

The Use of a Pictorially Enhanced Self-Instruction Packet to Improve Weekly Time Sheet Completion in an ABA Clinic

ABSTRACT Applied behavior analysis (ABA) has steadily grown over the previous 30 years due in large part to its effectiveness as a treatment for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities. This growth has led to increasing insurance coverage for ABA services used to treat ASD. Accurate insurance billing practices are critical for timely payment for services, correct reflection of services provided, and are ethically mandated. Incomplete or incorrect billing invoices can cause payment delays, require time to correct billing records, and in some cases cost ABA companies money in the form of lost time and/or insurance paybacks. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of a pictorially enhanced self-instruction (PESI) packet to improve the completion of weekly billing sheets turned in by five technicians at a clinic providing ABA services to individuals with ASD and other developmental delays. Each technician was given a PESI packet that contained step-by-step directions with corresponding picture examples of how to complete portions of their weekly timesheet. Results indicated the packet was rapidly effective for increasing the completion of timesheets submitted for 4 of 5 technicians. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

Investigating the causes of construction delay on the perspective of organization-sectors involved in the construction industry of Bangladesh

PurposeConstruction delay always causes massive damage to the advancing construction industries, which is no different in the case of Bangladeshi construction industries. This paper aims to investigate the major delay factors causing construction delays in public-funded, mixed and private-funded construction projects of Bangladesh. Also, it offers preventive suggestions from expert stakeholders to reduce the recurrence of delays.Design/methodology/approachAt first, an extensive literature review was conducted to identify the thirty-seven major delay factors categorized under seven groups. A questionnaire was then developed for survey at ongoing construction projects at a different division of Bangladesh. Next, data from 110 respondents were collected, and the delay factors were ranked based on the Relative Importance Index (RII); lastly, probable solutions were suggested for top-ranked delay factors based on opinions from expert stakeholders in the construction sector of Bangladesh.FindingsThe overall RII ranking of the 37 delay factors showed “Construction mistakes and defective work,” “Contract modifications by the client” and “Adverse weather condition” as the top three factors causing the delay. For public-funded projects, “Construction mistakes and defective work” and “Slow decision making by a consultant” are the top delay factors. For mixed projects, “Slow decision making of the client” and “Construction mistakes and defective work ranked top, and for private-funded projects, “Financial problems and payment delay of the client” and “Adverse weather condition” ranked top. These nuances of ranking in individual project types ascertain that the causes of delay vary in terms of project features.Practical implicationsThe outcome of this project will help identify the significant delay factors based on their severity of effectiveness associated with public-funded, mixed and private-funded projects in Bangladesh. The suggestions regarding preventing these delay factors obtained through the opinions of expert stakeholders can help reduce the effect of these delays in the context of Bangladesh and in countries where the similarity in construction environment prevails.Originality/valuePreviously, studies on construction delays in Bangladesh focused mainly on identifying the delays using qualitative analysis techniques. This study is based on a unique methodology of integrating quantitative research on delay factor identification and qualitative research on preventive measures following the opinions gathered from expert stakeholders in the construction sector.

PRODUCTIVITY FACTORS IN CONSTRUCTION SMES IN OMAN- EXPLORATION STUDY

Construction projects are unique and influenced by many external and internal factors hindering the efficiencies of operations. Different construction companies may have different influencing productivity factors depending on the company’s scale. Large construction companies have better resource management systems than the construction small and medium enterprises (SME). The construction SMEs work in small scale projects, and the amount and type of the required resources are different from the large construction companies. Therefore, identifying the factors affecting construction productivity is essential to determine the best action to avoid any unforeseen productivity reduction. This study aims to rank the most influencing productivity factors in small and medium construction (SME) companies. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data from small and medium construction companies registered in Oman Tender Board. The relative importance index (RII) was used to evaluate the responses. Sixty-five companies out of the 207 targeted population participated in the survey. It was found that - incomplete drawings and drawing omissions, poor site condition and management, delay in payment, unavailability of proper tools and equipment, and workers absenteeism and turnover were found as the top factors that influence construction productivity.