Degree Of Anxiety Research Articles

Importance of the psychological nursing approach in pre-surgical adult patients

Introduction: Psychological preparation in the patient is very important before the surgical intervention regardless of the diagnosis and procedure to be performed, in this way it helps to reduce the degree of anxiety, fear and anguish presented before, during and after surgery. Providing the necessary information that the patient should know is important to clarify all types of doubts and concerns regarding the condition they present; It is necessary to inform the benefits and risks that surgical treatment entails, as well as to remain calm so as not to inhibit the administration of medication such as analgesics. Objective: Determine the importance of the psychological approach by nursing staff in pre-surgical adult patients to reduce anxiety and fear as well as reduce complications in the operating room. Methodology: A review of scientific articles from the databases PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar was carried out, where the years of publication were considered to be from 5 years ago, in order to know the psychological preparation before surgery. Results: It was identified that psychological preparation is the fundamental phase to reduce anxiety before a surgical intervention, it helps to remain calm throughout the procedure, reducing complications and favoring the patient's prompt recovery. Conclusions: Psychological preparation towards the patient is of great importance to reduce fear, anxiety, worry, fear and stress, it must be done in a way that allows quality care to be provided with a more humanized treatment.

Effect of vestibular rehabilitation games in patients with persistent postural perceptual dizziness and its relation to anxiety and depression: prospective study.

To evaluate the efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) for management of patients with persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD) utilizing subjective and objectives outcome measures and to study the effect of degree of both anxiety and depression in patients on the response of vestibular rehabilitation therapy. Thirty-three PPPD patients participated in this study. Selection of patients was based on the diagnostic criteria for PPPD stated by Barany society in the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders (2017). Every patient was subjected to history taking, anxiety and depression assessment, Arabic version of Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), and sensory organization test (SOT). All patients received vestibular rehabilitations therapy. Assessment of VRT outcome was conducted after 6 weeks of VRT. The mean patients' age was 40.9 ± 16.3 years, and nearly equal gender distribution. Vestibular migraine was the most precipitating condition (24.2%) in patients with PPPD. (39.4%) of patients had abnormal scores of anxiety and depression tests, all patients had from moderate to severe degrees of handicap caused by dizziness as measured by DHI, most of patients had abnormal findings in all conditions of SOT. After vestibular rehabilitation therapy, DHI and SOT scores showed significant improvement after VRT. More improvement was found among the group with no anxiety and depression. VRT were effective in improving balance abnormalities in patients with PPPD evidenced by subjectively by DHI scores and objectively by SOT results. PPPD patients with concomitant psychiatric disorders; anxiety and depression experienced the least degree of improvement.

Labor Market, Migration Processes, Social State in the Conditions of Population Aging in Russia

This article deals with the results of a study of the consequences of population aging using sociological methods. The subject of the study is the effects of population aging on the national and international labor market, the prospects of the welfare state in connection with the growing share of the elderly population, directions and options for the development of migration processes involving the elderly. The purpose of the study is to answer the question of what kind of basis alarmist sentiments have under them, caused by threats of a rapid increase in the share of the elderly in the total population. In this study, the authors proceed from the assumption that the concern that the world scientific community is experiencing in connection with population aging is somewhat exaggerated, and there are many chances to evaluate this process as a time of opportunities and broad prospects. The study was conducted using previously developed and published methodological approaches in studies of the effects of population aging. The method of conducting the research is an online survey of experts from the academic community, during which 18 responses were received. The analysis of the received answers allowed us to confirm the hypothesis put forward and offer a number of arguments that can reduce the degree of anxiety for some of the consequences that population aging carries. This study is an important step for further study of such a multifaceted, complex, relevant and mobile process as population aging. One of the areas of future research is to expand the sample of the study to political figures as a force capable of managing expectations from population aging.

Facebook Use and Mental Health: Gender and Academic Year Variations in Symptoms

BACKGROUND: In an increasingly digital age, social media, particularly Facebook, has become an integral part of college students' lives. This study seeks to explore how gender and academic year may influence Facebook addiction and its impact on mental health among this demographic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted. The survey includes sociodemographic questions and BFAS, GAD-7, and BFAS scales. Data analysis was conducted by SPSS, with statistical tests conducted at a 95% confidence level. Normal distribution was tested with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Sperman’s correlation was conducted to assess any potential correlation and the Mann-Whitney test was used to investigate any significant differences in the mean score. RESULTS: This study included 1,098 college students aged 18 to 25 (mean age 21.35). A majority (62.8%) of the participants identified as female, and notably, 61.5% were clinical medical students. The Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) was utilized yielding a mean score of (mean: 16.43, SD: 5.934).. Interestingly, most participants reported "Rarely" or "Very Rarely" feeling restless or troubled when unable to use Facebook (64.5%). The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7) unveiled that participant experienced mild anxiety, with a mean score of 8.63 (SD: 4.928). Approximately 43.2% reported mild anxiety. Depression, assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), reflected moderate depression with a mean score of 11.70 (SD: 6.39). Correlations were explored among BFAS, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 scores. A strong positive correlation emerged between GAD-7 and PHQ-9 (r: 0.634, p-value < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significantly moderate positive correlation between BFAS and PHQ-9 (r: 0.344, p-value < 0.001) and a significantly small positive correlation between BFAS and GAD-7 (r: 0.282, p-value < 0.001). The Mann-Whitney Test was employed to investigate gender and academic year differences in scores. Female participants exhibited significantly higher scores than males in BFAS (p-value = 0.028), GAD-7 (p-value < 0.001), and PHQ-9 (p-value = 0.004). Additionally, preclinical students reported higher scores than clinical students in BFAS (p-value < 0.001) and PHQ-9 (p-value < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In summary, this study sheds light on the complex interplay between Facebook use, mental health symptoms, gender, and academic year among college students. It reveals a moderate level of Facebook addiction and varying degrees of anxiety and depression. Gender disparities are evident, with females reporting more severe symptoms. Furthermore, academic year impacts these factors, with preclinical students exhibiting higher scores. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for tailoring interventions and support mechanisms to address the unique challenges faced by college students in the digital age.

Effects of insomnia on risky driving behavior among bus drivers: The mediating effect of mental health

Crashes caused by problems with bus drivers’ physical and mental health have increased in frequency in recent years. Insomnia, a common type of sleep problem, has significant positive relationships with both crash risk and mental health problems, especially anxiety and depression, which are themselves associated with driving behavior. However, few studies have conducted analysis on sleep-related problems and mental health exclusively on bus drivers, nor on how these problems influence driving performance. Thus, this study explored the effect of insomnia and mental health on bus drivers’ risky driving behavior and evaluated the interaction of four variables: insomnia, anxiety, depression, and risky driving behavior. The survey-based investigation was conducted in a bus company in Suzhou, China, with 1,295 bus drivers participating. Insomnia, anxiety, and depression were self-reported based on professional mental health scales and risky driving behaviors were measured by the Driver Behavior Questionnaire. Two mediation models and a chain mediation model were developed to examine relationships among the bus drivers’ insomnia, anxiety, depression, and risky driving behavior. Results revealed that (a) bus drivers less than 31 years old, drivers with more than 11 years’ experience driving buses, and those with crash and violation involvement within three years demonstrated more severe degrees of insomnia, anxiety, depression, and risky driving behavior; (b) there were significant positive correlations and interactions among the four variables. Results specifically related to the interaction among variables include findings that (a) anxiety mediated between insomnia and risky driving behavior; (b) depression mediated between insomnia and risky driving behavior; and (c) anxiety affected bus drivers' risky driving behavior primarily though depression. The findings in this study indicate the importance of regular physical and mental health examination of bus drivers and suggest that interventions focused on insomnia and mental health problems may be helpful to reduce risky driving behaviors of bus drivers both directly and indirectly.

Thyroid function, renal function, and depression: an association study.

To investigate the correlations between thyroid function, renal function, and depression. Clinical data of 67 patients with Major depressive disorder (MDD) and 36 healthy control subjects between 2018 and 2021 were collected to compare thyroid and renal function. Thyroid and renal functions of depressed patients were then correlated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA).Spearman correlation analysis was used to find the correlation between renal function, thyroid function, and depression. A logistic regression was performed to find significant predictors of depression. Triiodothyronine protamine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine protamine (FT3), uric acid, sodium, and anion gap were lower in the MDD group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis of thyroid function, renal function, and factor terms of HAMD in the MDD group suggested that diurnal variation, hopelessness, and depression level were positively correlated with thyrotropin (TSH) (p < 0.05). Cognitive disturbance, retardation, and depression level were negatively correlated with creatinine (p < 0.05). Diurnal variation was negatively correlated with sodium ion (p < 0.01); hopelessness and depression level were positively correlated with chloride ion (p < 0.05); diurnal variation, retardation, and depression level were negatively correlated with anion gap (p < 0.05). Diurnal variation (p < 0.01) and retardation (p < 0.05) were negatively correlated with osmolality. Cognitive disturbance and depression level were positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p < 0.05). In the MDD group, correlation analysis of thyroid function, renal function, and HAMA factor terms suggested that the total HAMA score and anxiety level were positively correlated with chloride ion (p < 0.05); psychic anxiety, total HAMA score, and anxiety level were negatively correlated with anion gap (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a low level of anion gap was an independent risk factor for depression and anxiety levels (p < 0.05). Low thyroid function and reduced waste metabolized by the kidneys in patients with MDD suggest a low intake and low metabolism in depressed patients. In addition, subtle fluctuations in the anion gap in depressed patients were strongly correlated with the degree of depression and anxiety.

Особенности социально-психологической адаптации подростков с задержкой психического развития

To date, the problem of studying the emotional-volitional sphere and behavior of adolescents with mental re-tardation remains relevant and is not only fundamental, but more applied in the field of correctional psychology and pedagogy. The aim of the work is to study the features of the emotional-volitional sphere as a factor of so-cio-psychological adaptation of adolescents with mental retardation in order to further develop recommenda-tions for providing them with psychological and pedagogical assistance on the basis of the identified patterns. As a result, it was ascertained that adolescents with mental retardation are characterized by a higher level of socio-psychological adaptation compared to adolescents with a normal type of mental development. At the same time, the high level of adaptation of adolescents with mental retardation is determined by such features of the emotional and personal sphere as external locus of control, a low degree of neuropsychic stability and low personal anxiety. In adolescents with a normal type of mental development, with a high level of socio-psychological adaptation, there is an internal locus of control, high indicators of the level of neuropsychic stabil-ity, as well as low personal anxiety.

Determination of depression, anxiety, and hopelessness levels in adolescents with refractive errors after the COVID-19 pandemic

Background/Aim: The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide especially among adolescents. Changes in living conditions such as reduced engagement in outdoor activities as well as increased activities near the workplace like reading, writing, and screen exposure are thought to be responsible for this increase. Adolescence is a sensitive period of rapid changes in psychological, physiological, and social aspects. Mental health issues such as anxiety and depression are common during this period. During the pandemic, mental health issues among children and adolescents increased due to stress caused by the disease, social isolation, disruption of routines, and the loss of loved ones. With the rapid increase in myopia among adolescents, there is a need to investigate the effects of myopia on mental health. The aim of this study is to evaluate anxiety, depression, and hopelessness levels in adolescents with myopia after the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the relationship between myopia and anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. Methods: This was a case-control study that included 40 myopic adolescents aged 16-19 with a spherical refractive degree of -2 diopters (D) and above and 40 emmetropic (no refractive error). Participants who had previously undergone refractive surgery, had binocular visual acuity less than 1.0, had strabismus and amblyopia, had a diagnosis of glaucoma, had undergone ocular surgery for any reason, had retinopathy, or had an astigmatic refractive degree greater than ±0.50 were excluded from the study. The study did not include patients with chronic physiological or psychiatric diseases. Both groups were administered the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The groups were compared according to the scales. Myopic degrees were compared with mixed-effect linear models according to scale categories, and the relationship between ATS scores and myopia degrees was evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The mean (SD) spherical refractive power of myopic adolescents was -3.156 (1.40) diopters; 62.5% of participants with myopia had been exposed to COVID-19, and the anxiety rate in myopic participants compared to controls was 15% (P=0.026). However, no significant difference was found between the myopia and control groups in terms of automatic thoughts, hopelessness, and depression inventory scores when comparing the groups. No correlation was found between the CAS (F=1.098), BHS (F=1.610), BDI (F=1.699), and ATQ (r=0.151) scales and the increase in myopia when we performed linear mixed model analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. There was no significant relationship between the degree of myopia and automatic thoughts, hopelessness anxiety, and depression. Conclusion: The results indicate that adolescents with myopia had higher levels of anxiety after the COVID-19 pandemic. There was no significant correlation between the degree of myopia and anxiety, depression, hopelessness, and automatic thoughts. It is important to monitor adolescents with myopia carefully during pandemics and provide the necessary mental health support. This is because offering mental health support to myopic young people may protect them from potential lasting emotional problems in adulthood during potential future pandemics. It may be beneficial for adolescents to increase their engagement in outdoor activities to reduce myopia and anxiety.

SELF-INVESTIGATION INTO REPERCUSSIONS OF PERFECTIONIST BEHAVIOR ON ACADEMIC ANXIETY AND FLEXIBILITY AMONGST CHINESE POSTGRADUATES

&lt;p&gt;Within the sphere of educational psychology, the impact of perfectionism on academic anxiety and flexibility has been closely examined, especially in the context of Chinese postgraduates. The current study analyzed these phenomena within a cohort of 218 postgraduates from a private international Chinese college in Thailand, reflecting an amalgam of Eastern academic culture and postgraduate educational expectations. Results indicated a notable degree of academic anxiety (X=3.70, SD=.75), alongside moderate levels of flexibility (X=2.94, SD=.84) and perfectionist behavior (X=3.23, SD=1.01). Disaggregating data by educational level, Masters students presented with moderate anxiety (X=3.38, SD=.87), low flexibility (X=2.53, SD=.74), and low perfectionism (X=2.74, SD=.66), whereas Ph.D. students exhibited significantly higher anxiety and perfectionism (X=4.51 and X=4.48, SD=.84 respectively), yet demonstrated greater flexibility (X=3.99, SD=.71). Gender and profession proved to be insubstantial factors in influencing these constructs. Contrastingly, educational level was a potent differentiator, with significant disparities evident. The interrelations highlighted a negative correlation between academic anxiety and flexibility (r=-.121), but a positive correlation between academic anxiety and perfectionist tendencies (r=.424). Flexibility and perfectionist behavior were also positively correlated (r=.153). To mitigate the adverse impacts of perfectionism, the study advocates for cognitive-behavioral interventions to reshape perfectionist thought patterns and bolster adaptive coping strategies. It encourages cultivating an educational ethos that emphasizes learning and psychological welfare over impeccable achievement and suggests normalizing mental health discourse within academic environments to alleviate the stigma surrounding perfectionism and anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/soc/0044/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Status and Influencing Factors of Body Image Disturbance in Patients With Hemifacial Spasm: A Quantitative and Qualitative Study

Patients diagnosed with hemifacial spasm (HFS) often experience significant facial changes that affect their body image and potentially have a negative impact on their physical and psychological well-being. This study therefore seeks to identify the current state of body image of Chinese patients with HFS, analyze the factors that influence it, and further explore their experiences based on their level of body image disturbance (BID) using a mixed methods approach. A mixed-methods study was conducted between January 2021 and June 2023. Phase I encompassed the completion of questionnaires by 124 participants. Subsequently, in Phase II, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 individuals selected from Phase I to gain deeper insights into their specific experiences with BID. Patients afflicted with HFS achieved Body Image Scale scores 9.00 (0.00, 12.00). Age, anxiety, depression, and fear of negative evaluation were identified as predictors of exacerbated BID (P < 0.05). Qualitative research predominantly centered on 2 primary themes: the experiences and outward manifestations of BID in HFS patients. These individuals expressed dissatisfaction with their appearance, apprehensions about being the focus of attention, and instances of social avoidance. Owing to varying degrees of anxiety, depression, and apprehension about external evaluation, individuals grappling with HFS are susceptible to experiencing BID. Consequently, when devising interventions, it is imperative to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the patient's condition and implement targeted measures aimed at ameliorating body image, ultimately enhancing the overall quality of life for the patient.

Screening for Anxiety and Depression in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an inherited condition in which individuals require multiple daily doses of medication and are at risk for life-threatening adrenal crisis. The chronic nature and severity of CAH place children at risk for psychiatric morbidity. The aim was to assess the degree of anxiety and depressive symptoms in children with CAH. A cross-sectional cohort study of children (7-17 years) with CAH and their caregivers were recruited between May and December 2021. Children with hypothyroidism (HT) and their caregivers served as unaffected controls. Validated mental health questionnaires [Children’s Depression Inventory 2 Self Report-Short (CDI-2), Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED), Patient Health Questionnaire modified for Adolescents (PHQ-A); self and proxy] were completed by participants at one clinic visit. Higher scores indicated greater symptoms of anxiety and depression. A total of 60 children and 56 parents participated. Among the children 34 had CAH (68% female, mean age 11.41±2.5, CAH duration 8.5±4.1) and 26 had HT (73% female, mean age 12.7±2.9 years, HT duration 6.0±4.2 years). There was no increase in anxiety and depression symptoms in children with CAH compared to controls. In sub-analyses, children with CAH and controls reported a greater number of anxiety and depression symptoms than their caregivers on the SCARED and CDI-2, respectively. There was no association between adrenal control and the degree of anxiety or depression symptoms. Children with CAH do not have more symptoms of anxiety or depression compared to controls. Child and caregiver-proxy responses lack agreement, suggesting that children with CAH may continue to benefit from routine mental health evaluation, regardless of voiced caregiver concern.

Копинг-стратегии в период формирующейся взрослости у российских студентов

&lt;p&gt;As people grow up, coping strategies shift towards more adaptive styles, but little is known about coping processes in relation to psychological attributes of the new transitional period of &amp;ldquo;emerging adulthood&amp;rdquo; (ages 18-25). Applying the cultural-historical theory developed by L.S. Vygotsky and the ideas of J. Arnett&amp;rsquo;s neo-Eriksonian cultural theory of development, we have investigated the parameters of emerging adulthood (identity exploration and self-focus; negativity and instability; personal freedom; experimentation and possibilities; feeling in-between; and other-focus) as peculiar features of social situation of development related to coping strategies among Russian students. The sample consisted of data obtained from 510 students, aged 18 to 25 (40,1% male), studying at universities in cities of Moscow and Tula, Russia. The study presents the measurements of emerging adulthood (IDEA-R) and coping strategies (WCQ) using methods adapted to the Russian research pool. The findings suggest that prolongation of the transitional period to adulthood is associated with an increase in avoidant and emotion-focused coping strategies. We have found that the degree of anxiety caused by transitional instability and self-focus of young adults could work as predictors of attempts to overcome difficulties. Among themare problem denial, inflated expectations, suppression of emotions and self-blaming.The degree of openness to experimenting with life, optimism about the future, identity exploration, and other-focus worked as predictors of problem-solving, positive rethinking of the challenging situation, and seeking social support. We noticed that age and gender factors reduce the degree of dependence of coping strategies on psychological attributes of emerging adulthood. The study materials contribute to the understanding of the processes the age-related psychological development of modern youth deals with.&lt;/p&gt;

Research on the Current Situation of Chinese College Students Test Anxiety

Comparing the study pressure of todays students with those of the past, it is obvious that there are heavier bags, more homework, and less sleep time. Students learning pressure is getting heavier and heavier, and there is more and more anxiety about learning. In a specific time period every year, this pressure and anxiety will reach an explosive point, and this time period is often a period of time for students to take exams. This paper focuses on the overall degree of Test Anxiety among Chinese college students and conducts a Chinese-style questionnaire survey of the Test Anxiety Scale. Most Chinese students have a high or very highest anxiety index. This paper analyzes the current situation at the different examination stages for students, namely, before, during, and after the examination. It also provides different relief plans for different students with different test anxiety indexes, such as how to better prepare for exams or adjust their mentality.

Alternate-day fasting ameliorated anxiety-like behavior in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Alternate-day fasting (ADF) has been reported to reduce body weight, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress damage. However, it is not known whether ADF affects obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior. Here, male C57BL/6 mice were given an alternate fasting and high-fat diet (HFD) or standard chow diet (SD) every other day for 16 or 5 weeks. After the intervention, the degree of anxiety of the mice was evaluated by the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Pathological changes in the hippocampus, the expression of Sirt1 and its downstream protein monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) in the hippocampus, and the expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were detected. Compared with HFD-fed mice, HFD-fed mice subjected to ADF for 16 weeks had a lower body weight but more brown adipose tissue (BAT), less anxiety behavior, and less pathological damage in the hippocampus, and lower expression of Sirt1 and MAO-A protein and higher 5-HT levels in the hippocampus could be observed. In addition, we noted that long-term ADF intervention could cause anxiety-like behavior in SD mice. Next, we changed the intervention time to 5 weeks. The results showed that short-term ADF intervention could reduce the body weight and increase the BAT mass of SD mice, but it did not affect anxiety. These results indicated that long-term ADF ameliorated obesity-induced anxiety-like behavior and hippocampal damage, but caused anxiety in normal-weight mice. Short-term ADF did not produce adverse emotional reactions in normal-weight mice. Here, we might provide new ideas for the treatment of obesity-induced anxiety.

A Survey of Translation Learners’ Uses and Perceptions of Neural Machine Translation

This paper reports a questionnaire-based survey that was designed to investigate how a group of Chinese translation learners used and perceived Neural Machine Translation (NMT), with a view to providing pedagogical implications for translation instruction which is being confronted with the AI-powered translation technology. 326 second- and third-year college students, who were translation learners as well as English majors from the same university in China participated in the survey. They reported high frequency of NMT use in their translation learning as well as English major learning. Instead of directly borrowing the NMT output, most of them post-edited it and/or used it as inspiration to accomplish their translation tasks. Although they evaluated NMT in a positive way and held an optimistic view toward the future of translation career, they expressed varying degrees of worry and anxiety toward their future employment and toward the use of NMT in the process of the translation learning. They clearly articulated the needs for NMT instruction in translation courses. Based on these findings, this paper proposes several ways to help reduce the learners’ worry and anxiety in translation instruction.

Analysis of wedge-shaped defects’ prevalence and treatment effectiveness

Relevance. The prevalence of wedge-shaped defects remains high. The increased risk of the fi falling out, the development of a secondary defect around the filling, and the progression of the wedge-shaped defect development are characteristic of the operative treatment of this type of hard dental tissue non-carious lesions. Therefore, the search for new methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of wedge-shaped defects remains relevant in modern dentistry. Purpose. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of wedge-shaped dental defects and assess the effectiveness of a complex combined effect on dental tissues in non-carious lesions of hard dental tissues.Material and methods. We examined 942 patients aged 35 to 44 years. All underwent a dental examination, according to the WHO recommendations, questionnaire and instrumental diagnosis.Results. The dental examination detected wedge-shaped defects in 324 examined patients (34.4%). Upon presentation, patients with revealed stage I and II wedge-shaped defects complained of aesthetic dissatisfaction (11%), pain when eating (47%), and pain on brushing teeth (54%). According to the examination results before treatment, the volumetric blood flow velocity was 1.9 times lower in the group with a high degree of anxiety than in the group with a low degree of anxiety. The amplitude of the masticatory and temporal muscles at rest was 1.8 times higher in patients with a high anxiety degree than in patients with a low degree of anxiety.Conclusion. After a one-month course of treatment with the combined method proposed by us, the indicators of systolic volumetric blood flow velocity and the average amplitude of the masticatory and temporal muscles at rest in patients with high anxiety became comparable to those of the control group.

Assessing the Anxiety and Knowledge about Monkeypox Virus: A Cross-Sectional Cohort Study.

Introduction Recent cases of human monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections have raised global health concerns, as sporadic instances have occurred in various regions, prompting investigations into the potential for increased transmission. This underscores the importance of effective communication strategies in addressing the emerging challenges associated with this viral ailment. The study was conducted to understand public anxiety and knowledge related to MPXV infection, particularly in the context of emerging infectious diseases. Our aims included assessing anxiety levels and knowledge about monkeypox infection among the Saudi population, as well as their willingness to receive vaccinations if available. Methods A cross-sectional cohort study among the adult Saudi population was conducted. A questionnaire with four sections, including demographic data and disease knowledge, comprised optimized questions of the standard generalized anxiety disorder assessment (GAD-7) as well as questions related to acceptance of getting the vaccine if it could be afforded. Results Out of a total of 5298 participants, 927 (17.5%) showed different degrees of GAD-7 anxiety. Females showed a significantly higher rate of anxiety (487/2189, 22.2%) than males (440/3109, 14.2%). People aged 46 to 55 and >55 years old showed significantly higher rates of anxiety (30.7% and 27.2%). There is an overall decrease in knowledge and awareness about the MPXV. Interestingly, 59% of the participants admitted that they would get the MPXV vaccine if it were made available. There was a positive correlation between the anxiety level and the response of people toward the MPXV vaccine if it were available. Conclusion Our study underscores a significant level of anxiety and a notable lack of awareness concerning MPXV infection. Although a substantial number of participants expressed their willingness to receive an MPXV vaccine, our findings emphasize the pressing need for improved public education and awareness campaigns to alleviate anxiety levels and enhance understanding of this infectious disease. This effort is crucial for mitigating health concerns and facilitating well-informed decision-making among the Saudi population.

Relationships between problematic ICT use, anxiety, psychological, and behavioral aspects

Abstract Background Anxiety is a substantial and developing health issue with significant consequences for psychosocial functioning and quality of life. The onset and severity of mental health problems have been linked to a number of biological, psychological, and behavioral factors. Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the degree of anxiety, problematic information and communications technology (ICT) use, and certain related personal characteristics and adult health behavior. It also investigates the impact of personal characteristics in the moderating role of the association between problematic ICT use and anxiety. Patients and Methods Descriptive, bivariate, multivariate, and moderation analyzes of data from 391 participants of 35-74 years old in primary healthcare centers located in Aragón, in northern Spain were performed between July 2021 and July 2022. The primary outcome was the severity of anxious symptoms as continuous variable (GAD-7). Results Low self-esteem (β = −0.120; p= 0.012), low self-efficacy (β = −0.092; p=0.004), and high problematic use of ICT (β = 0.169; p = 0.001), are predictors of having more severe anxious symptoms. Moderation analyzes were significant in the effect of self-efficacy (b = −0.040, p = 0.001) and resilience (b = −0.024, p = 0.033) on the relationship between problematic ICT use and anxiety. Conclusions The problematic use of ICT and personal factors are related to anxious symptomatology. Adults with low resilience and self-efficacy have worse severity of anxiety associated with the problematic use of ICTs. These findings allow for a new approach to preventive identification and early care measures among people at risk and their families. Key messages • Abuse of information and communication technologies happens at all ages and in a wide range of cultural situations, and it is a growing health issue. • Knowing the psychological factors that lead to this harmful use of ICTs should be essential for early detection and intervention among those at risk and their families.

Serum VEGF and CGRP Biomarkers: Relationships with Pain Intensity, Electric Pain, Pressure Pain Threshold, and Clinical Symptoms in Fibromyalgia—An Observational Study

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a multifactorial syndrome, mainly characterized by chronic widespread pain, whose physiopathology is yet to be determined. Reliable biomarkers for FM and how they are associated with the symptomatology have not yet been identified. We aimed to examine the relationships among serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels with clinical manifestations and pain-related variables in women with FM. We conducted an observational case study with forty-seven women diagnosed with FM. Serum VEGF and CGRP levels were spectrophotometrically analyzed. We used questionnaires to measure the impact of FM and the degree of central sensitization, fatigue, and anxiety. We also assessed pain intensity, electric pain threshold and magnitude, and pressure pain threshold (PPT) in tender points. The linear regression analysis adjusting for age, menopause status, and body mass index showed that serum VEGF levels were significantly associated with the PPTs of non-dominant trapezius (β = 153.418; p = 0.033), non-dominant second metacarpal (β = 174.676; p = 0.008) and dominant tibialis anterior (β = 115.080; p = 0.049) in women with FM. We found no association between serum CGRP levels and the variables measured (p ≥ 0.152). Our results suggest that VEGF may be related to pain processing in patients with FM.

ANXIETY, STRESS AT WORK, AND EMPLOYEE TRUST: A STUDY WITH BRAZILIAN CIVIL SERVANTS

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the degree of anxiety, stress at work, and employee trust, as well as whether anxiety is a moderator in the relationship between stress at work and employee trust dimensions in Brazilian civil servants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A quantitative study was conducted between July and August 2021, in which answers were obtained from 375 Brazilian civil servants. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics techniques and partial least squares structural equation modeling to verify the relationships between the constructs. Results: Our findings revealed direct relationships between the constructs of stress and anxiety, direct relationships between anxiety and trust, and indirect relationships between stress and trust. Implications: This study presents managerial and theoretical contributions by bringing relevant reflections on the mental health of Brazilian civil servants during the COVID-19 pandemic.