Особенности социально-психологической адаптации подростков с задержкой психического развития

Abstract

To date, the problem of studying the emotional-volitional sphere and behavior of adolescents with mental re-tardation remains relevant and is not only fundamental, but more applied in the field of correctional psychology and pedagogy. The aim of the work is to study the features of the emotional-volitional sphere as a factor of so-cio-psychological adaptation of adolescents with mental retardation in order to further develop recommenda-tions for providing them with psychological and pedagogical assistance on the basis of the identified patterns. As a result, it was ascertained that adolescents with mental retardation are characterized by a higher level of socio-psychological adaptation compared to adolescents with a normal type of mental development. At the same time, the high level of adaptation of adolescents with mental retardation is determined by such features of the emotional and personal sphere as external locus of control, a low degree of neuropsychic stability and low personal anxiety. In adolescents with a normal type of mental development, with a high level of socio-psychological adaptation, there is an internal locus of control, high indicators of the level of neuropsychic stabil-ity, as well as low personal anxiety.