Importance of the psychological nursing approach in pre-surgical adult patients

Abstract

Introduction: Psychological preparation in the patient is very important before the surgical intervention regardless of the diagnosis and procedure to be performed, in this way it helps to reduce the degree of anxiety, fear and anguish presented before, during and after surgery. Providing the necessary information that the patient should know is important to clarify all types of doubts and concerns regarding the condition they present; It is necessary to inform the benefits and risks that surgical treatment entails, as well as to remain calm so as not to inhibit the administration of medication such as analgesics. Objective: Determine the importance of the psychological approach by nursing staff in pre-surgical adult patients to reduce anxiety and fear as well as reduce complications in the operating room. Methodology: A review of scientific articles from the databases PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar was carried out, where the years of publication were considered to be from 5 years ago, in order to know the psychological preparation before surgery. Results: It was identified that psychological preparation is the fundamental phase to reduce anxiety before a surgical intervention, it helps to remain calm throughout the procedure, reducing complications and favoring the patient's prompt recovery. Conclusions: Psychological preparation towards the patient is of great importance to reduce fear, anxiety, worry, fear and stress, it must be done in a way that allows quality care to be provided with a more humanized treatment.