Deep Changes Research Articles

SOCIO-LABOR RELATIONS IN GLOBAL TURBULENCE: A VIEW THROUGH THE PRISM OF SOCIAL SECURITY

Introduction. Today's turbulence is constantly changing socio-labor relations, which is manifested in the spread of atypical forms of employment, narrowing of social security of workers, the formation of a new world division of labor, which ultimately affects the sustainability of development as a country, employee welfare. Such transformations proportionally change the level of social security of the country and workers, but the vector of these changes is not always aimed at improvement. Unfortunately, the existing theoretical and methodological approaches to assessing the condition of socio-labor relations do not allow to predict deeper changes and consequences for the further development of society, the country, so it is important to explore them through the prism of social security. Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the transformations of socio-labor relations under the pressure of the new socio-economic reality (pandemic COVID-19) and the possibility of implementing their adaptive mechanisms to maintain a sufficient level of social security. Method (methodology). The methodological basis of the study is formed by general scientific methods - analysis, generalization, theoretical foundations of the concepts of decent work, social responsibility and green economy. The assessment of socio-labor relations in the context of their ability to form the preconditions of social security was carried out according to the author's method, which allows to identify reference points for the emergence of risks and dangers. Analytical calculations were performed using statistical methods, using official statistical reports of international organizations, scientific developments of leading scientists in the field of social security and the essence of social and labor relations. Results. The connection between the development of social and labor relations and the formation of preconditions for social security is revealed. Calculated objective indicators of socio-labor relations that directly affect the level of social security, such as financial well-being of employees, the potential for human capital development (wage potential) and the risks of job loss, as well as subjective indicators - life satisfaction, mental health and confidence in the future (development, income expectations). It was found that the social partners in Ukraine have not been able to achieve a high level of collaboration, so the current model of socio-labor relations does not fully provide sufficient social security for workers and the country.

Влияние свинцовой интоксикации на показатели крови у больных с пылевым бронхитом и бронхиальной астмой

Th e aim of the research. To study the eff ects of lead intoxication on blood parameters in battery factory workers with dust bronchitis and bronchial asthma. Material and methods. Th e study was conducted on battery factory workers (45 subjects) aged 30 to 60 years who came into contact with lead and on healthy volunteers (15 subjects). Blood parameters were evaluated in hematological analyser XT-2000i using a unique technology of fl uorescent fl ow cytometry. Results. Employees of the battery plant develop occupational diseases: dust bronchitis and bronchial asthma. In all studied groups of patients, laboratory blood parameters changed compared with the control group: anemia, leukocytosis, haemoglobinopathy, a change in the qualitative characteristics of the leukocyte formula, an increase in the percentage of micro and macrophages were observed. Activation of intravascular coagulation is characteristic to all groups of patients, which indicates a tendency to DIC syndrome. Comparative characteristics of blood parameters revealed deeper changes in BA patients who were exposed to lead in their professional activities. It has been established that the technique of fl ow cytometry for determining functional blood parameters is informative and can be used to characterise the condition of persons with occupational diseases based on lead intoxication. Conclusion. For the fi rst time, it has been revealed that the total number of platelets increases with the growth of their size in battery factory workers, which indicates a trend toward DIC syndrome. For the fi rst time, a decrease has been fi rst found in the concentration of haemoglobin, the number of red blood cells, an increase in the total number of leukocytes due to lymphocytes with a decrease in neutrophils and eosinophils in patients with dust bronchitis. Th ere is a correlation between the amount of haemoglobin and the number of leukocytes. It has been found for the fi rst time that employees of a battery factory suff ering from bronchial asthma have an increase in the amount of haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leucocytosis due to lymphocytes, but the linear associations between leukocyte parameters are very weak. Based upon this, we recommend repeating medical examination with shorter intervals in between. Th e timing of periodic inspections depends on the nature of production and types of work with lead and its compounds. When applying for a job, such contraindications as blood diseases and diseases of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems should be a principal factor.

Procesy integracji głównych modeli nadzoru korporacyjnego

Przedmiot badań: Ostatnie dziesięciolecia przyniosły wzrost zainteresowania nadzorem korporacyjnym. Uświadomiono sobie bowiem, że nadzór stać się może ważnym czynnikiem wzrostu gospodarczego czy podnoszenia konkurencyjności gospodarki. Zauważono również, że błędy w nadzorze przynosić mogą negatywne konsekwencje zarówno dla spółek, jak i dla całych gospodarek. Stanowić mogą także przyczynę kryzysów finansowych. W artykule przedstawiono dokonujące się procesy zmian w modelach monistycznym i dualistycznym nadzoru. Analizę prowadzono pod kątem integracji obu tych modeli.
 Cel badawczy: Opracowanie ma na celu określenie zakresu procesów integracji głównych modeli nadzoru korporacyjnego, a mianowicie monistycznego i dualistycznego.
 Metoda badawcza: Dla osiągnięcia wspomnianego celu zastosowano krytyczną analizę literatury przedmiotu oraz odpowiednich regulacji prawnych.
 Wyniki: Prowadzone rozważania pozwalają stwierdzić, że w obu badanych modelach nadzoru zmiany przebiegają w tym samym bądź zbliżonym kierunku (zjawisko konwergencji). Zmiany te mają generalnie charakter ewolucyjny, ale głębsze z nich dokonywały się pod wpływem największych w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach kryzysów finansowych lat 1997–1998 i 2007–2008. Zauważyć można również, że pierwszy ze wspomnianych kryzysów spowodował większe zmiany w modelu monistycznym, podczas gdy drugi w modelu dualistycznym.

Starý režim a světová revoluce : proměny svobody v dějinách z pohledu Karla VI. Schwarzenberga a Tomáše Garrigua Masaryka

The First World War in 1918 was considered as a manifestation of much deeper changes that had taken place in Europe since the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. This development could be evaluated differently. The thesis will present the perspectives of two prominent Czech intellectuals – Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and Karel VI. Schwarzenberg. It will be shown how these two different, but in many ways similar personalities viewed the issue of freedom under the impression of more general social and political development in postwar Europe. Therefore it will be important to answer what was their ideal of freedom, what role freedom play, according them, in the life of individual and society and how it can be best secured.

The role of entrepreneurship in the economic development of the country

Introduction. In all countries of the world, entrepreneurship is considered to be a universal tool for the participation of citizens in the economic life of the country, an important factor of economic growth, job creation, structural adjustment aimed at strengthening the economy. By creating small and medium-sized business structures, entrepreneurs provide themselves with work and income, higher than they could receive, when in the category of employees, and, in addition, they create new goods and services, which allows expanding the economic opportunities of both the region and the state in general. The goal of the article is to study the role of entrepreneurship in the socio-economic development of the country, as well as outline ways to improve the policy of regulation and support of small enterprises in the regional economy. Methods. The methods of economic, systemic, structural analysis and generalization are used. Results. Entrepreneurial activity in Ukraine has been analyzed, trends in the development of small and medium-sized enterprises under the influence of a favorable business climate were considered by means of the analysis of the dynamics of economic entities development based on the statistical data. It is proved that the birth and development of entrepreneurship is a complex socio-economic phenomenon and is determined by deep changes in the field of socio-cultural relations that arise as its result. At the same time, the change of such relations affects all key aspects of people's lives: social life; moral and ethical norms; mentality; spiritual and material values; norms of socio-economic behavior. It has been established that in modern economic conditions, regional leaders assign a significant role to medium and small enterprises, which, thanks to their flexibility, are more adapted to constantly changing market conditions. The management of territorial communities, using complex and systematic measures to create a favorable environment, contributes to increasing the competitiveness of regional medium and small enterprises that are able to compete with large companies.

Поколение тридцатилетних в современном российском искусстве: особенности кураторской практики и арт-критики

The research was initiated by the preparation of the exhibition “Generation of Thirty-Year-Olds in Contemporary Russian Art” in the Russian Museum (St. Petersburg, 2021). The purpose was to identify those features that characterize exhibition projects and art critics, related to the representation and analysis of the oeuvre of Russian artists of the millennial generation. The study was based on the examination of the curatorial projects and critical texts of the period from 2010 to 2020. Deep changes in culture, caused by a significant increase of the Internet influence on the society, were considered as the most important factor in the development of the art process of the period. The following features of curatorial practice were revealed: Internet culture was viewed from a critical standpoint in most projects of the decade; the most relevant forms of the exhibition were site-specific events and projects with the qualities of immersiveness; the most important component of exhibition was performance. The key trends of art criticism include: the transition from a vertical model to a horizontal one due to the growing influence of Internet publications (self-organized platforms, social networks); crucial changes in the format of the critical text (mixing genres, including multimedia objects in the text as a result of the medial turn in linguistics); the key role of the author and the emphasis on personality as the basis of a critical text.

Chapter 16 - Acquired dyslexias following temporal lesions

The acquisition of reading by children is supported by deep changes in the brain systems devoted to vision and language. The left temporal lobe contributes critically to both systems, and lesions affecting it may therefore cause both peripheral vision-related and central language-related reading impairments. The diversity of peripheral dyslexias reflects the anatomical and functional division of the visual cortex into early visual regions, whose lesions have a limited impact on reading; ventral regions, whose lesions are mostly associated to Pure Alexia; and dorsal regions, whose lesions may yield spatial, neglect-related, and attentional dyslexias. Similarly, central alexias reflect the broad distinction, within language processes, between phonological and lexico-semantic components. Phonological and surface dyslexias roughly result from impairment of the former and the latter processes, respectively, while deep dyslexia may be seen as the association of both. In this chapter, we review such types of acquired dyslexias, their clinical features, pathophysiology, and anatomical correlates.

Pre-service teachers looking for their professional identity

In the context of world dynamic, deep changes proposed by the new educational policy, becoming a teacher is an act of courage. Some of our previous studies have analysed the values that aimed teachers from different generations. Present study was interested to focus to the process of becoming teacher, building professional identity for his profession during educational path. For this purpose, we have analysed the way that our students, pre-service teachers (for preschool and primary school children), have chosen their educational (and professional) path, which were significant persons that have influenced their development and what aimed them for teacher career choose and if (and how) they have developed during studies their professional (pre)identity. Other results are also discussed.

Gabriel Boric’ government and the sign of the times

The article maintains that Gabriel Boric`s electoral win was due to the sheer moment in which the social trends and public opinion allowed to convince the society that a bunch of deep changes should be launched and carried out in a bid to replace the political and social system. The democratic energy of the process and its more reformist than revolutionary nature made it feasible for Boric to overcome the communist (Daniel Jadue) and a left-wing populist (Pamela Jiles) candidates in the first round and to defeat the far-right candidate in the second round. In spite of the success, the political environment is rife with contradictions. There is a heavy risk that conservative regression could take place because of the very radical dynamics the period incubates. The author comes round to thinking that Boric should chime his idealistic virtues with greater political realism in action in order to avoid gross blunders and gaffes (particularly, the falling into Jacobin temptation) and get down to building of a new, broader and stauncher coalition which could prop up his project of structural reforms.

SAUNet3+CD: A Siamese-Attentive UNet3+ for Change Detection in Remote Sensing Images

With the development of various optical sensors, change detection is one of the most actively researched areas in remotely sensed imagery with high spatial resolution. In particular, deep learning-based change detection techniques are very important for use in various fields, such as land monitoring and disaster analysis, because they can show superior performance compared to traditional unsupervised and supervised change detection methods. In this manuscript, we propose a Siamese-attentive UNet3+ for change detection (SAUNet3+CD) of multitemporal imagery with high spatial resolution. The existing UNet3+ was modified to a Siamese-based architecture, and a spatial and channel attention module was added to detect various changed areas. The proposed model was trained to effectively detect both building growth and decay through the data augmentation of open datasets and a hybrid loss function. In experiments using two open datasets, the proposed deep learning model effectively detected changed areas in multitemporal images better than various methods, such as existing Siamese-based networks and a network for semantic segmentation.

Phenotypic Pleiotropy in Arginase Deficiency: A Single Center Cohort.

Arginase deficiency is considered a masquerader of diplegic cerebral palsy. The rarity of hyperammonemic crisis and the slowly progressive course has made it a unique entity among the urea cycle defects. The aim of our study is to describe the varied phenotypic spectrum of children with arginase deficiency. This retrospective study included children and adolescents aged <18 years with a biochemical or genetic diagnosis of arginase deficiency from May 2011 to May 2022. Data were collected from the hospital's electronic database. The clinical presentation, laboratory parameters at baseline and during metabolic decompensation, neuroimaging, electroencephalography findings, and molecular studies were analyzed. About 11 children from nine families with biochemically or genetically proven arginase deficiency were analyzed. The male: female ratio was 2.7:1. Consanguineous parentage was observed in all children. The median age at presentation was 36 months (Range: 5 months-18 years). All children with onset of symptoms in early childhood had a predominant delay in motor milestones of varying severity. Metabolic decompensation with encephalopathy occurred in all except two children (n = 9, 81.8%). Pyramidal signs were present in all patients and additional extrapyramidal signs in two children. Positive family history was present in four probands. Seizures occurred in all children. Epilepsy with electrical status in slow wave sleep and West syndrome was noted in three children. All children had elevated ammonia and arginine at the time of metabolic crisis. The spectrum of neuroimaging findings includes periventricular, subcortical, and deep white matter signal changes and diffusion restriction. The mean duration of follow-up was 38.6 ± 34.08 months. All patients were managed with an arginine-restricted diet and sodium benzoate with or without ornithine supplementation. Spastic diparesis, recurrent encephalopathy, presence of family history, and elevated serum arginine levels must alert the clinician to suspect arginase deficiency. Atypical presentations in our cohort include frequent metabolic crises and epileptic encephalopathy. Early identification and management will ensure a better neurodevelopmental outcome.

Онтологические горизонты этического, или Насколько глубок кризис современной этики

The article analyzes the anomalies observed in various spheres of modern culture, which are interpreted as “ethical failures” and the rejection of the fundamental principles of Western ethics: the principle of justice, fidelity to a given word, stri­ving for the common good, etc. Taking into account the totality of these failures in the sense of “horizontal” and “vertical” prevalence, it is suggested that there are deep ontological changes that entail transformations in the field of ethics. This the­sis is substantiated by an analysis of the structure of an ethical act, which allows us to single out levels of “public” and “ontological” expertise in it, and to see in the ethical act itself a way of establishing “transcendent” (unobservable, absent in the empirical dimension) objects and layers of social reality. Ethics in this case is (by itself) a sphere of ontological creation, a way of establishing legitimate con­figurations, boundaries and goals of social action, including the social identity and subjectivity of individuals. The need to preserve one’s own self and the ability to act meaningfully is considered in the article as the ultimate basis of human social activity and a source of “ethical energy”, which, without external coercion, deter­mines a person to ethical action. Existential involvement in ontological and ethical action determines a close connection between ethics and metaphysics, which is traced in the article on the basis of the most important philosophical concepts and ethnographic material. It is concluded that the cultural transformations analyzed in the article are associated with the use of constructivist impact on the ontological intuitions of Western culture, which, however, do not affect its metaphysical core, and thus only threaten the peripheral layers of Western ontology.

ЭПИЗООТОЛОГИЯ И БИОЛОГИЯ АСКАРИОЗА СВИНЕЙ. МЕРЫ БОРЬБЫ С НИМ

Information about the epizootological state of pig ascariasis in the conditions of Korall in the Tver region was obtained. The most intensively affected by the pathogen are young animals of 150‒239 days of age (100%), smaller ‒ 1.5‒3-summer pigs (34.3‒16.1%). In the seasonal aspect, the peak of ascariasis invasion is recorded in September-November, the minimum degree of invasion is observed in March-May. High contamination of pigsties and paddocks with ascaris eggs contributes to the accumulation of the invasive origin. Contribute to the spread of helminthiasis earthworms-reservoir hosts of ascarids. During the nematode habitat in piglets, the concentration of total protein, albumins, and alpha-globulins decreases in the blood, but the content of beta- and gamma-globulin protein fractions increases. In addition, the activity of transaminases (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase), alkaline phosphatase and alpha-amylase increases, which indicate deep morphofunctional changes in parenchymal organs (liver, intestines and pancreas). The most effective anthelmintic for pig ascariasis is febtal in the form of a granulate (EE and IE = 100%).

D-TNet: Category-Awareness Based Difference-Threshold Alternative Learning Network for Remote Sensing Image Change Detection

Deep learning-based change detection methods have achieved remarkable success through the feature learning capability of deep convolutions. However, the network structures of existing methods are simply modified from the semantic segmentation models, ignoring the essential characteristics of change detection, thereby limiting their applications. In this work, we propose a category-awareness based difference-threshold alternative learning network (D-TNet) for remote sensing image change detection. Our motivation is to characterize the different change magnitudes for different land cover changes, and represent the semantic content differences of various objects. Thus, our D-TNet consists of a difference map learning path and a threshold map learning path, realizing self-adapting thresholds selection by assigning each pixel a unique threshold. The two paths are alternatively optimized to make the difference map more discriminative, as well as making the threshold map more adaptive. In addition, a category-awareness attention mechanism is introduced in D-TNet, which learns a pixel-to-category relationship to benefit in representing the heterogeneity of land covers. Finally, experimental results on three change detection datasets verify the effectiveness of our D-TNet in both visual and quantitative analysis. Code will be available at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ling-Wan-4.

A novel illustration of real options analysis to address the problem of probabilities under deep uncertainty and changing climate risk

Changing risk profiles over time that are exacerbated by climate change, challenge assessments of the relative value of investing in different adaptation options. There is a growing discourse around methods that are better suited to addressing changing risk and uncertainties for large infrastructure projects — robust decision making (RDM), real options analysis (ROA) and those based on dynamic adaptive pathways planning (DAPP). While such approaches are receiving greater attention in the academic literature, there is a gap in critiques of them in real-life decision practice. Here we present two novel applications from New Zealand of real options analysis that formed part of actual decision processes — a flood risk management plan and a coastal hazards strategy, both based on DAPP over 100 years. In both cases, we examined the value of pursuing adaptation options that are flexible under peak river flows, coastal erosion, imminent inundation, storm surge and long-term sea-level rise. From lessons learned we examined three questions relating to ROA: 1) is ROA ‘fit for purpose’ for investment evaluations in situations of both imminent threat and deep uncertainty and its scalability? 2) can ROA address path dependency and move beyond static applications? 3) can ROA be used alongside DAPP to address managed retreat as an adaptation option. We conclude the affirmative for each question and provide a method for using ROA within a DAPP and RDM framework.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТРАНСНАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО НАРКОБІЗНЕСУ У ГЛОБАЛЬНІЙ ТІНЬОВІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ

In the modern structure of the global shadow economy, a special place is occupied by the transnational drug business, which is undergoing deep transformational changes. They are primarily related to the steady expansion and diversification of the production and sales activities of drug cartels; a significant increase in the technological and innovative level of drug production; application in production processes of the most advanced scientific and technical achievements and developments in the field of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology; the active use of digital technologies, the Internet, digital currencies, electronic and mobile payments by the transnational drug business in the operations of buying and selling drugs and servicing illegal financial flows; the significant diversification of the subject structure of the drug business, the complication of the organizational structures of active manufacturers of narcotics; large-scale offshoring of operations and active use of legal business structures and global infrastructure to cover up one's own illegal activities, etc. The global operating conditions of the transnational drug business and its large-scale activities in the form of an extremely profitable sphere of the global industry maximize the profits of drug cartels and stimulate the processes of laundering the money received in this industry through extensive systems of legalization of criminal income. At the same time, the parallel shadow financial system developed by the drug business is actively and with impunity used by it as an important institutional channel of penetration into the economy of any state or region of the world, as well as reinvestment of the income received from the sale of drugs in their expanded production. This creates threats to economic security and the system of order, and therefore requires the intensification of the efforts of the world community in the field of combating illegal drug trafficking, involved in the legalization of funds obtained from illegal drug trafficking; detection of financial flows related to the maintenance of shadow operations of the drug business, etc

Boosting Widespread Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture – New Metrics and the Role of Science

Adapting to new climatic, social, and environmental realities demands deep and massive transformative changes in how humans manage, perceive, and relate with terrestrial and aquatic productive systems. In India, agriculture production is challenged by degraded soils, scarce and contested water, fragmented and degraded seminatural habitats, social conflict, and more frequent extreme events. Existing political will is enabling the adoption of sustainable agriculture. However, the pace and the extent of the adoption of promising strategies, practices, and approaches for achieving sustainable and resilient agriculture remains sparse. Accelerating a socially just transformation to sustainability in India requires a new systems-oriented, multidisciplinary, human well-being-centered research agenda. Specifically, the new agenda can expand, contest and reevaluate agriculture performance’ in terms of how is evaluated and measured at the farm and landscape level. The new evidence will be critical for learning, innovating and re-designing sustainable, multifunctional and resilient agricultural landscapes.

EUNet-CD: Efficient UNet++ for Change Detection of Very High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images

Change detection (CD) is an essential remote sensing application for Earth observations widely used for several monitoring, management, and surveillance-related purposes. Generally, pixel-to-pixel prediction roles are susceptible to position details, as high-resolution bitemporal images contain abundant ground details, and so it needs more precautions to extract features. Recently, various efforts have been made for deep semantic change features, but the importance of grained features has always been ignored, leading to uncertainty of change ground entities. Besides, for an idealistic model, both accuracy and speed need focus. Thus, a novel method EUNet-CD is proposed, based on an efficient nested connection for a robust CD as a remedy for the above issues. The proposed scheme comprises: 1) an efficient convolution module (ECM)-based encoder/decoder to concise the ground entities’ details to minimize the parameters and 2) ultimate fusion strategies (based on spatial/channel attention) act as a repeater to refine the multiscale features and avoid subsampling loss. Experimental validation on different criteria shows the superiority of the proposed EUNet-CD among the state-of-the-arts (SOTA) methods. Our EUNet-CD remarkably improves the overall accuracy and minimizes the computational parameters and time floating point of operations per second (FLOPs) by 33% and 20%.

To Study the Features of the Use of Phytotherapeutic Drug Herba Gnaphalii Uliginosi in Combination with the Main Group of Pharmacological Drugs in the Treatment of Hypertension with Concomitant Angina

The article looks into the spread of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly in Ukraine. It is noted that with the approach of old age with the development of various somatic and mental diseases there are changes in health, changes in the direction of life interests, and changes in social status [6]. It is established that the combination of a group of drugs with a non-medicinal mixture of medicinal herbs gives a positive result in lowering blood pressure, improving heart rate, and clinical performance of the cardiovascular system [13]. Deep dynamic changes–a new phenomen on that is characteristic of our century,have led to a significant "aging" of the population. The aging process largely explains the high percentage of morbidity and mortality (62.5%) from cardiovascular system diseases [16]. Due to the accumulation of several diseases in old age, with a predominantly chronic course and constant exacerbation, the majority of elderly people are in increased demand for medical care. At present, more than half of the patients who see a therapist at the clinic are elderly and senile [7, 11].

WHO CNS5 2021 classification of gliomas: apractical review and road signs for diagnosing pathologists and proper patho-clinical and neuro-oncological cooperation.

The 5th edition of World Health Organization (WHO) Central Nervous System (CNS) tumours classification has transformed the pathological diagnosis of gliomas from purely histological to the multilayered integrated one with molecular biomarkers necessary for proper classification, risk stratification, and prognostic-predictive clinical purposes. Because of deep and important changes in taxonomy and diagnostic approach to gliomas, this manuscript is a review of WHO CNS classification 5th edition with general testing guidance for pathologists and clinicians working in neuro-oncology.