Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites Research Articles

Anti-tumor and Chemoprotective Effect of Bauhinia tomentosa by Regulating Growth Factors and Inflammatory Mediators.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Due to the toxic side effects of the commonly used chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CTX), the use of herbal medicines with fewer side effects but having potential use as inducing anti-cancer outcomes in situ has become increasingly popular. The present study sought to investigate the effects of a methanolic extract of Bauhinia tomentosa against Dalton's ascites lymphoma (DAL) induced ascites as well as solid tumors in BALB/c mice. Specifically, B. tomentosa extract was administered intraperitonealy (IP) at 10 mg/kg. BW body weight starting just after tumor cell implantation and thereafter for 10 consecutive days. In the ascites tumor model hosts, administration of extract resulted in a 52% increase in the life span. In solid tumor models, co-administration of extract and CTX significantly reduced tumor volume (relative to in untreated hosts) by 73% compared to just by 52% when the extract alone was provided. Co-administration of the extract also mitigated CTX-induced toxicity, including decreases in WBC count, and in bone marrow cellularity and α-esterase activity. Extract treatment also attenuated any increases in serum levels of TNFα, iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, GM-CSF, and VEGF seen in tumor-bearing hosts. This study confirmed that, the potent antitumor activity of B.tomentosa extract may be associated with immune modulatory effects by regulating anti-oxidants and cytokine levels.

Studies on the antitumor potentials of betulinic acid against murine ascites Dalton's lymphoma

Background: Betulinic acid, a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene, exhibits a variety of biological activities including anticancer properties. Despite the wide importance of ethnobotanical studies on the anticancer therapeutic uses of betulinic acid, its exact role has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present studies were undertaken to evaluate the antitumor effect of betulinic acid in a murine malignant tumor model along with various biochemical changes in the tumor cells of the host. Methods: Ascites Dalton’s lymphoma (DL) tumor-transplanted Swiss albino mice were treated with betulinic acid (i.p., 10 mg/kg body weight) and the pattern of host’s survival was analysed. The viability of DL cells was assessed using trypan blue exclusion test. The DL cells were also studied for the determination of apoptosis using fluorescence microscopy. Reduced glutathione and protein estimations were done in DL cells under different treatment conditions. Results: Betulinic acid treatment caused a significant increase in life span (ILS ~150%) of the tumor-bearing hosts, which may indicate tumor regression/antitumor activity. Following betulinic acid treatment, decrease in DL cells viability and damaging changes in the cell membranes and a decrease in reduced glutathione content in DL cells were observed. Conclusions: Present findings reveal the potent antitumor activity of betulinic acid against murine ascites Dalton’s lymphoma. The cytotoxicity of betulinic acid to build up antitumor effects may involve induction of apoptosis as well as a decrease in glutathione level in tumor cells.

ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF PLANT PROTEIN AGAINST DALTON’S LYMPHOMA ASCITES TUMOR CELL LINES

ABSTRACTObjective: Tabernaemontana divaricata (Td) is commonly used plants for the treatment of inflammatory, anticancer, and diabetics. The main objectiveof this study is to assess the antitumor and antioxidant activity of Td in mice model.Methods: Antitumor activity of TdPf extract (52 µg/ml) is evaluated against Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) tumor mice. After 24 hrs of tumorinoculation, the extract is administered daily for 15 and 60 days. After administration of the lost dose followed by 18 hrs fasting, mice are sacrificedfor observation of antitumor activity. Antitumor activity is assessed by monitoring the liver marker enzyme, lipid peroxidation effect on antioxidantenzyme levels, and histopathological evidence.Results: The results showed that the protein extract of Td animals restored the antioxidant enzymes when compared to the mice of the DLA controlgroup.Conclusion: The findings indicate that the extract of plant protein has antitumor activity by preventing the lipid peroxidation and thereby promotingthe antioxidant systems in DLA induced mice. And hence, it is evident that these extract could be a natural anticancer agent for the human health.Keywords: Dalton’s lymphoma ascites, Antitumor, Tabernaemontana divaricata, Lipid peroxidation antioxidant.

Naringenin Ameliorates Doxorubicin Toxicity and Hypoxic Condition in Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites Tumor Mouse Model: Evidence from Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a well-known cytotoxic agent used extensively as a chemotherapeutic drug to eradicate a wide variety of human cancers. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress during DOX treatment can induce cardiac, renal, and hepatic toxicities, which can constrain its use as a potential cytotoxic agent. The present work investigates the antioxidant potential of naringenin (NAR) against DOXinduced toxicities of a Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) tumor-bearing mouse model. Mice were randomized into four groups: a negative control, positive control, DOX (2.5 mg/kg) treated, and DOX (2.5 mg/kg) + NAR (50 mg/kg/d) treated. DOX administration significantly altered the levels of functional markers in blood and antioxidant enzymes in kidney, heart, lung, liver, spleen, and tumor tissues. These changes in antioxidant enzymes and successive lipid peroxidation were prevented by NAR supplementation, resulting in decreases in the risk of toxicity due to DOX therapy. Histopathology results and electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) of the tumor microenvironment confirmed this evidence. Using EPRI, pharmacokinetics of the nitroxide, 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-1-oxyl (3-CP) was monitored intratumorally before and after chemotherapy. EPRI of the DOX + NAR-treated mouse model showed reduced tumor size with significant modification of the hypoxic condition inside the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, these findings suggest that NAR treatment significantly reduces DOX-induced toxicity and the hypoxic condition in a DLA tumor-bearing mouse model.

Antiproliferative Activity and Apoptosis Inducing Mechanism of Anthocephalus cadamba on Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites Cells.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the antiproliferative and apoptogenic mechanistic studies of methanol extract of Anthocephalus cadamba (MEAC) on Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) cells treated mice. Determination of antiproliferative activity was performed by using different DLA cells (2×106 cells, i.p.) inoculated mice groups (n = 12). Groups were treated for 14 consecutive days with MEAC at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/Kg b.w. respectively. The mechanism of antiproliferation activity of MEAC was investigated through morphological studies by acridine orange (AO)/ethidium bromide (EB) double staining method. Comet assay was estimated to check the DNA damage induced apoptosis property. Furthermore, flow cytometry (FACS) was used to quantitatively detect the apoptotic rate by double labeling techniques using Annexin-V FITC/propidium iodide staining analysis and apoptotic proteins expression done by western blotting assay method. MEAC exhibited significant (p<0.01) decrease the tumor volume, viable cell count, tumor weight and elevated the life span of DLA tumor bearing mice. Analysis of AO/EB staining and flow cytometry showed that MEAC possessed apoptosis induced antitumor activity on DLA cells in a dose dependant manner. Dose dependent induction of DNA damage on DLA cells were observed after MEAC treatment, which was evident from the appearance of comet tail length. Pro-apoptotic gene, Bax was up-regulated and down-regulation of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, suggesting that Bcl-2 family involved in the control of apoptosis. Experimental results revealed that MEAC possess potent antitumor activity via induction of cancer cell apoptosis mechanism.

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antitumor Activities of Cultured Mycelia and Fruiting Bodies of the Elm Oyster Mushroom, Hypsizygus ulmarius (Agaricomycetes).

Ethanoic extracts from the fruiting bodies and mycelia of the elm oyster mushroom, Hypsizygus ulmarius, were evaluated for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties. Ethnolic extracts of fruiting body and mycelia showed 88%, 85%, 71%, and 85%, 65%, 70% 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazolin-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging activities, respectively, at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined using carrageenan- and formalin- induced paw edema models. Diclofenac was used as the standard drug. In both models, the mycelia extract showed higher activity than the fruiting body extract. The antitumor effect of the extracts against Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites cell-line-induced tumors showed significant antitumor activity. Mycochemical analysis confirmed the presence of many pharmacologically active compounds such as phenol, alkaloids, proteins, tannins, and polysaccharides. Among these, polysaccharides and phenolic compounds were present at a higher concentration in both extracts. These compounds might be largely responsible for the mushroom's medicinal properties. The results of this study indicate that H. ulmarius possesses significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties.

Antitumor Effects of Palladium-α-Lipoic Acid Complex Formulation as an Adjunct in Radiotherapy.

Several investigations have been initiated to enhance the antitumor effect of radiation and ameliorate its adverse effects such as reducing blood cell counts and causing DNA damage in normal cells. Compounds that enhance the antitumor activity of radiation without reducing blood cell counts or damaging DNA in normal cells can be of immense use as an adjunct in radiotherapy. We evaluated the antitumor effect of a specific set of minerals, vitamins, and amino acids (Poly-MVA) (2 mL/kg, per os), with and without radiation, against Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell lines that were transplanted in a solid-tumor model. Whole-body γ-radiation exposure (2 Gy) was performed using 60Co. Poly-MVA enhanced the antitumor effect of radiation when administered beforehand. Furthermore, Poly-MVA administered once daily for 2 wk, immediately after 4 Gy irradiation, protected DNA damage in peripheral blood. It also rendered protection against the radiation-induced reduction of platelet count. The unique electronic and redox properties of palladium-α-lipoic acid complex in Poly-MVA appear to be responsible for the exhibited effect. The results conclude that the antitumor-enhancing and normal cell-protective effect of Poly-MVA warrants additional studies for its potential clinical application.

Cocculus hirsutus: Molecular Docking to Identify Suitable Targets for Hepatocellular Carcinoma by In silico Technique.

Background:Protein–ligand interaction plays a major role in identification of the possible mechanism by which a ligand can bind with the target and exerts the pharmacological action.Objective:The aim is to identify the best candidate of Cocculus hirsutus which binds with the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) targets by docking studies.Materials and Methods:The reported phytoconstituents such as coclaurine, hirsutine, cohirsine, cohirsinine, lirioresinol, cohirsitinine, haiderine, jamtinine, isotrilobine, shaheenine, jamtine, and cocsoline present in the plant, C. hirsutus were docked with the HCC targets such as Aurora kinase, c-Kit, fibroblast growth factor, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), B-cell lymphoma-extra large, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using in silico technique with the software Grid-Based Ligand Docking with Energies.Results:Haiderine, shaheenine, and coclaurine had good interaction with Aurora kinase with the glide score and glide energy of − 7.632, −7.620, −7.464; and − 56.536, −55.203, −52,822, respectively. Coclaurine, lirioresinol, and haiderine possess good binding with c-Kit with the glide score and glide energy of − 8.572, −6.640, −6.478; and − 56.527, −57.138, −20,522, respectively. Lirioresinol, hirsutine, and coclaurine exhibit good binding with c-Kit with the glide score and glide energy of − 5.702, −5.694, −5.678; and − 48.666, −35.778, −41,673, respectively. Similarly, coclaurine, haiderine, and hisutine had good interaction with NF-kB. Haiderine, jamtinine, and coclaurine had good binding with VEGF receptors (VEGFR) and coclaurine, lirioresinol, and haiderine exhibit good bonding with VEGFR.Conclusion:Coclaurine, haiderine, and lirioresinol exibited good hydrogen bonding interactions and binding energy with the select targets. Hence, these compounds have to be taken up for experimental work against hepatocellular carcinoma.SUMMARY Compounds of interest showed good interaction and binding with the selected targets. Hence these compounds has to be explored further to study their anticancer potentials. Abbreviations used: HCC: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Bcl-xL: B-cell lymphoma-extra large, FGF: Fibroblast Growth Factor, VEGF: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, DLA: Dalton's Lymphoma Ascites.

Evaluation of in vivo antitumor activity of cleistanthin B in Swiss albino mice

To evaluate the in vivo antitumor activity of cleistanthin B in Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Dalton's ascites lymphoma (DAL) cell lines induced malignant ascites mouse models and DAL cell line induced solid tumor mouse model. All animals were injected with 2 × 106 EAC/DAL cells i.p./s.c. to induce malignant ascites and solid tumor and treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 20 mg/kg or cleistanthin B for 10 days. Cleistanthin B was given at three doses viz. 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. The percentage increase in life span and the overall survival in malignant ascites animals and the tumor volume in solid tumor animals were measured. The haematological parameters were assessed in all animals before and 2 weeks after the treatment. Cleistanthin B 50 mg/kg and 5-FU significantly prolonged the life span (>25%) of malignant ascites tumor bearing animals. The overall survival was significantly improved by both. Only cleistanthin B 50 mg/kg significantly reduced the elevated WBC counts in EAC tumor bearing animals. Both 5-FU and cleistanthin B 50 mg/kg reversed the malignancy induced increase in neutrophils and platelet counts and decrease in lymphocyte counts but not to the normal range. Only 5-FU significantly reduced the solid tumor volume. None of the three doses of cleistanthin B was effective against the solid tumor. Cleistanthin B has antitumor activity against EAC and DAL tumor mice but it is not as effective as 5-FU. At 50 mg/kg dose cleistanthin B exerts significant antitumor activity compared to 25 and 100 mg/kg dose. Its effect on WBC count is higher and advantageous when compared to 5-FU. But cleistanthin B in the doses used is not effective against solid tumor.

Antitumor activity and antioxidant status of Streblus asper bark against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma in mice.

Streblus asper Lour (Moraceae), commonly known as Siamee Rough Brush in English is widely distributed in subtropical Asia and traditionally used for several medicinal purposes. In the present study, the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanol extract from Streblus asper bark (EASA) was evaluated for antitumor effect against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice. Twenty-four hours after intraperitoneal inoculation of DAL cells in mice, EASA was administered intraperitoneally at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight for 9 consecutive days. On the 10th day, half of the mice were sacrificed to determine the tumor growth parameters, and the rest were kept alive for survival assessment. Hematological, serum biochemical and tissue (liver, kidney) antioxidant profiles were also determined. EASA exhibited significant and dose dependent decrease in tumor growth parameters and increased survival of DAL bearing animals. EASA significantly and dose-dependently normalized the altered hematological, serum biochemical and tissue antioxidant parameters as compared with the DAL control mice. From the present study it may be concluded that S. asper bark possesses remarkable antitumor efficacy mediated by amelioration of oxidative stress by multiple mechanisms.

IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF SEED EXTRACT OF SOLANUM VIRGINIANUM

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer activities of seed extract of Solanum Virginianum . The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH scavenging assay while the anticancer property of the Solanum virginanum in swiss albino mice against Dalton Ascites Lymphoma (DAL).Tumor was induced in mice by intraperitoneal inoculation of Dalton Ascites Lymphoma cells (1 x 10 5 cells / mouse).The seed extract was found to possess significant antioxidant and anticancer activities.

Synthesis of oxadiazole–morpholine derivatives and manifestation of the repressed CD31 Microvessel Density (MVD) as tumoral angiogenic parameters in Dalton’s Lymphoma

A series of oxadiazole derivatives possessing morpholine 6a–l were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reaction of key intermediates [1,3,4]-oxadiazole-2-thiol derivatives 5a–l with 4-(2-chloroethyl) morpholine. Compounds 6a–l were evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo antitumor potential in Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) tumor cells. Among 6a–l series, compound 6a with concentration ∼8.5μM have shown extensive cytotoxicity in vitro and 85% reduction in tumor volume in vivo, attributing an excellent anti-proliferative capability towards the cancer cells. Compound 6a has extensively inhibited the Microvessel Density (MVD) or tumoral neovasculature which was evident from the CD31 immuno staining and peritoneal H&E staining. The major reason for the antiproliferative activity of compound 6a was due to the repression of tumor vasculature.

Near infra-red laser mediated photothermal and antitumor efficacy of doxorubicin conjugated gold nanorods with reduced cardiotoxicity in swiss albino mice

Development of a multifunctional drug delivering system without side effects and compromising its therapeutic efficacy is a major concern in anticancer research. Recently, we have developed and demonstrated doxorubicin conjugated gold nanorod (DOX@PSS-GNR) as a sustained drug delivery vehicle. Here, we investigate the biodistribution, antitumor and photothermal efficacy of DOX@PSS-GNR along with its potential impact on cardiotoxicity in in vivo. The studies revealed that the accumulation of Free DOX in myocardium was 4-fold reduced in DOX@PSS-GNR animals, which further minimizes its cardiotoxicity by decreasing cardiac injury via preservation of cardiac markers. Further, DOX@PSS-GNR exhibits effective antitumor efficacy against Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) as evidenced by cell cycle analysis, apoptotic signals and reduced tumor volume and weight. In addition, DOX@PSS-GNR exhibits higher photothermal response and dominates DLA growth upon 0.1W/cm2 laser irradiation. In conclusion, multifunctional DOX@PSS-GNR with improved therapeutic index and reduced cardiotoxicity represents a promising candidate for cancer treatment. From the Clinical EditorDoxorubicin is a widely used agent for cancer therapy. However, the side effects are still significant, despite the development of liposomal formulation. In this study, the authors investigated the use of doxorubicin conjugated gold nanorods (DOX@PSS-GNR) in terms of biodistribution, antitumor activity and systemic side effects. The much reduced cardiotoxicity of the new delivery system should provide an improved agent for future clinical use.

Synthesis and evaluation of new salicylaldehyde-2-picolinylhydrazone Schiff base compounds of Ru(II), Rh(III) and Ir(III) as in vitro antitumor, antibacterial and fluorescence imaging agents.

Reaction of salicylaldehyde-2-picolinylhydrazone (HL) Schiff base ligand with precursor compounds [{(p-cymene)RuCl2}2] 1, [{(C6H6)RuCl2}2] 2, [{Cp*RhCl2}2] 3 and [{Cp*IrCl2}2] 4 yielded the corresponding neutral mononuclear compounds 5-8, respectively. The in vitro antitumor evaluation of the compounds 1-8 against Dalton's ascites lymphoma (DL) cells by fluorescence-based apoptosis study and by their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values revealed the high antitumor activity of compounds 3, 4, 5 and 6. Compounds 1-8 render comparatively lower apoptotic effect than that of cisplatin on model non-tumor cells, i.e., peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The antibacterial evaluation of compounds 5-8 by agar well-diffusion method revealed that compound 6 is significantly effective against all the eight bacterial species considered with zone of inhibition up to 35 mm. Fluorescence imaging study of compounds 5-8 with plasmid circular DNA (pcDNA) and HeLa RNA demonstrated their fluorescence imaging property upon binding with nucleic acids. The docking study with some key enzymes associated with the propagation of cancer such as ribonucleotide reductase, thymidylate synthase, thymidylate phosphorylase and topoisomerase II revealed strong interactions between proteins and compounds 5-8. Conformational analysis by density functional theory (DFT) study has corroborated our experimental observation of the N, N binding mode of ligand. Compounds 5-8 exhibited a HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital)-LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy gap 2.99-3.04 eV. Half-sandwich ruthenium, rhodium and iridium compounds were obtained by treatment of metal precursors with salicylaldehyde-2-picolinylhydrazone (HL) by in situ metal-mediated deprotonation of the ligand. Compounds under investigation have shown potential antitumor, antibacterial and fluorescence imaging properties. Arene ruthenium compounds exhibited higher activity compared to that of Cp*Rh/Cp*Ir in inhibiting the cancer cells growth and pathogenic bacteria. At a concentration 100 µg/mL, the apoptosis activity of arene ruthenium compounds, 5 and 6 (~30 %) is double to that of Cp*Rh/Cp*Ir compounds, 7 and 8 (~12 %). Among the four new compounds 5-8, the benzene ruthenium compound, i.e., compound 6 is significantly effective against the pathogenic bacteria under investigation.

In vivo Anti-Tumour Activity of Novel 2, 3, 7 Trisubstituted Quinazoline Derivatives

OBJECTIVE: The 2, 3, 7-trisubstituted quinazoline derivatives (Compound HP1, HP2, HP3 and HP4) in two different concentrations were evaluated for antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) and Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) bearing Swiss albino mice. METHODS: The in vivo antitumor potency of quinazoline bases was measured in EAC model by assessing the increase in mean survival time of the treated drug over untreated control mice and treated standard (Gefitinib) mice. Their toxicity was assessed in vivo in normal, standard and EAC bearing mice by measuring the drug-induced changes in haematological parameters. The in vivo antitumor potency of quinazoline bases was assessed in DLA model by measuring solid tumor volume, solid tumor weight and % inhibition of the tumor weight of the treated drug over untreated control mice and treated standard (Gefitinib) mice. RESULTS: Among the four quinazoline bases studied, HP1, HP3 and HP4 at a dose of 10mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, optimally inhibited the growth of EAC and DLA cells in vivo . Besides, the treatment with HP1 and HP3 (20 mg/kg) significantly restored the deviated haematological parameters in EAC challenged mice. In vivo result authenticates that compound HP3 at a dose of 20mg/kg was most effective. The apoptotic studies shows that, both HP1 and HP3, at 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight showed induction of apoptosis as they significantly restored the deviated haematological parameters in EAC challenged mice. CONCLUSIONS: Further studies are required to explore the mechanism of action of this novel molecule which might bring gifted outcomes in cancer chemotherapy.

In vitro anticancer and antioxidant activity studies on Drosera peltata J.E.Sm.

Aim: The present study aimed to assess the in vitro antioxidant and anticancer properties of Drosera peltata J.E.Sm. Methods: Antioxidant capacity of the extracts were tested on hydroxyl, DPPH, super oxide, nitric oxide and ABTS radicals; of ferrous ion chelating ability and by reducing power assay. Ascorbic acid was used as the standard antioxidant for the above all assay methods. Dalton’s Ascitic Lymphoma (DAL) and Ehrlich Ascitic Carcinoma (EAC) were used as cell lines to assess its in vitro anticancer effect. Tryphan blue dye and LDH leakage assays were carried out to know its anticancer potential. Moreover, total flavonoid content was estimated to find out the exact reason for its antioxidant potential. Results: The aqueous extract (AEDP) in comparison with the ethanol extract (EEDP), showed considerable antioxidant and anticancer activities in all the models tested. The minimum IC50 values of 48.87 ± 0.53 mcg/ml was shown by EEDP in metal chelating assay and 28.46 ± 0.7 mcg/ml by AEDP in hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Higher doses of both extracts (250mcg/ml) showed significant cytotoxic effects on DAL and EAC of LDH leakage assay model. Total flavonoid contents of both extracts were estimated and expressed as mg/g quercetin equivalent (QE), where ethanol extract was rich in flavonoid content than aqueous extract. Conclusion: These study results were concluded that D. peltata exhibited excellent antioxidant activity against free radicals which were generated from different models and showed very good anticancer activity against the two cell lines, this results might be due to the phytoconstituent such as flavonoid present in the plant extracts.

Biochemical changes associated with ascorbic acid–cisplatin combination therapeutic efficacy and protective effect on cisplatin-induced toxicity in tumor-bearing mice

Cisplatin is one of the well-established anticancer drugs being used against a wide spectrum of cancers. However, full therapeutic efficacy of the drug is limited due to development of various toxicities in the host. This study examines the comparative therapeutic effectiveness and toxicities of cisplatin alone and in combination of dietary ascorbic acid (AA) in ascites Dalton's lymphoma-bearing mice. The findings show that the combination treatment of mice with ascorbic acid plus cisplatin has much better therapeutic efficacy against murine ascites Dalton's lymphoma (DL) in comparison to cisplatin alone and this may involve a decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase activity and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in Dalton's lymphoma tumor cells. At the same time, combination treatment indicates a protective role of ascorbic acid against cisplatin-induced tissue toxicities (side effects) in the hosts. Cisplatin-induced histopathological changes in liver, kidney and testes were decreased after combination treatment. The analysis of renal function test (RFT), liver function test (LFT) and sperm abnormalities also suggest an improvement in these parameters after combination treatment. Therefore, it may be concluded that the increased GSH level, catalase activity and decreased LPO in the tissues, i.e., liver, kidney and testes after combination treatment may be involved in its protective ability against cisplatin-induced tissue toxicities in the host.

Cytotoxic and Antitumour Studies of Acetoacetanilide N(4)-methyl(phenyl)thiosemicarbazone and its Transition Metal Complexes.

Cytotoxic activities of acetoacetanilide N(4)-methyl(phenyl)thiosemicarbazone (L2H) and its seven different metal complexes were studied. Of these, IC50 value of the copper complex was found to be 46 μg/ml. Antitumour studies of this copper complex was carried out using Daltons Lymphoma Ascites cell-induced solid tumour model and Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma cell-induced ascites tumour model. Administration of the copper complex at different concentrations (10, 5 and 1 mg/kg b. wt) inhibited the solid tumour development in mice and increased the mean survival rate and the life span of Ascites tumour bearing mice in a concentration dependent manner.

Evaluation of in-vitro apoptosis induction, cytotoxic activity of Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb) Wall in Dalton’s lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Lung fibroblast - Mouse L929 cell lines

The purpose of present study was to investigate the methanolic bark extract of Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb) Wall for its apoptosis, cytotoxic activities. Induction of apoptosis was carried out on L-929 cell line. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated by MTT assay against lung fibroblast (L-929) cell line and trypan blue dye exclusion assay on dalton’s lymphoma ascites(DLA) cells. Morphological changes and DNA fragmentation were found upon incubation with extract. The extract was found to be cytotoxic towards L-929 cells in 72 h MTT assay and concentration required for 50% cell death was 3.85µg/ml. Thus from the present investigation it can be concluded that the methanolic bark extract of Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb)Wall exhibited apoptosis induction and cytotoxic activities.

&lt;i&gt;In Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Anticancer Activity of Ethanolic Extract of &lt;i&gt;Euphorbia hirta&lt;/i&gt; (L.)

In the present study, In vitro anticancer effects of Euphorbia hirta were investigated. The objectives of this study are to find the presence of secondary metabolites by preliminary phytochemical investigation and FTIR analysis in the Euphorbia hirta. Ethanolic leaf extract of Euphorbia hirta was tested for its cytotoxicity against Dalton Lymphoma Ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cell lines using preliminary screening technique (Trypan Blue method and standard MTT colorimetric method). The Euphorbia hirta leaf extract was found to be more cytotoxic against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell lines when compared to cytotoxic activity against Dalton Lymphoma Ascites cell lines where as 59.67% cytotoxicity were noticed against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma cell lines. Extract of Euphorbia hirta showed a dose-dependent reduction of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in the Carcinoma cell lines cells. Ethanolic leaf extract of Euphorbia hirta showed potent cytotoxic activity against DLA and EAC cell lines and its IC50 value was found to be 560.83ìg/ml and 384.7 ìg/ml of extract respectively. The in vitro outcomes of Euphorbia hirta extract showed potent anticancer effect against both DLA and EAC cell lines.