Cytotoxic Effect Of Ethanolic Extract Research Articles

Biological activity of Laurus nobilis L. Leaf and Fruit Extract

The leaves and fruits of Laurus nobilis L. are used in pharmaceutical applications with their various activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. In current study, it was aimed to investigate antimicrobial, antiquorum sensing, cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of Laurus nobilis L. leaf and fruit extract prepared by %70 ethanol. This study was carried out in the Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, with Laurel leaves and fruits collected from Trabozon province in the Black Sea region. Antimicrobial activity was investigated by the agar well method. Gram negative, Gram positive bacteria and 2 fungi were used. Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC 12472 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strains were used for antiquorum sensing, antibiofilm and anti swarming activities. The cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract prepared from the leaf and fruit of Laurus nobilis L. plant on Vero, A549 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was investigated by MTT method. The antiviral effect of the extracts on HSV-1 was investigated by MTT method. Antimicrobial and quorum sensing activity was determined to be moderate. It was understood that the leaf and fruit extracts of Laurus nobilis L. used in the study showed antiproliferative and antiviral effects in a dose-dependent manner. Laurel plant needs to be investigated in more detail using different solvents.

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Vernonia elaeagnifolia Leaves against Breast Cancer Cell Lines

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Cytotoxic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Vernonia elaeagnifolia Leaves against Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Phytochemical investigation, in-vitro antiplasmodial assessment and cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract of whole plant of Crotalaria arenaria (Benth)

Crotataria arenaria (Benth) is a native plant from Northern part of Nigeria which is employed as antimalarial herb in traditional medicine in the communities where it grows. The phytochemical composition, In-vitro antiplasmodial activity and in-vitro cytotoxic effect of the extract and fractions of the whole plant of Crotalaria arenaria were investigated. The mature and fresh whole plant of C. arenaria were collected, air dried and pulverized. The pulverized form of the plant were soaked in ethanol for two weeks and later decanted, filtered and concentrated using rotatory evaporator at 40oC and evaporated to dryness and labeled CRA-1. The dried ethanol solid extract (CRA-1) was patitioned/fractionated using water, chloroform, ethyl acetate, 18% aqueous methanol, n-hexane which afforded chloroform fraction (CRA-1-01), water fraction (CRA-1-02), ethyl acetate fraction (CRA-1-03) aqueous methanol fraction (CRA-1-04) and n-hexane (CRA - 1- 05) and they were dried and tested for their photochemicals and In-vitro antiplasmdial activity against Plasmodium falciparum strain (K1). The ethanol extract and its fractions were found to significantly inhibited/suppressed multi-drug resistant strain of P. falciparium (K1) in the range of 86.73% - 65.31% at varied concentrations of 5000 µg/ml, 2000 µg/ml, 1000 µg/ml and 500 µg/ml. The ethanol extract and its fractions showed the presence of tannins, saponins and alkaloids which could be responsible for the In-vitro antiplasmodial activity of the whole plant extract of C. arenaria and each of its fractions. Ethanol crude extracts of whole plant of Crotalaria arenaria and its fractions were investigated for cytotoxicity in Brine shrimp lethality Test (BSLT). Larvicidal activities were noticed with dosage concentration from 1000 µg/ml down to 10 µg/ml of the plant extract and all its fractions. The relative cytotoxic effects of extract and fractions obtained from whole plant of Crotalaria arenaria were found to be dose-dependent because higher dosage brought about an increase in mortality of Artemia salina Leach. Sea salty water of the crude ethanol extract and its fractions served as the negative control. The chloroform fraction was observed to be most cytotoxic killing 30% of brine shrimp larvae at lowest concentration of 10 µg/ml with average percentage lethality of 46.67%. Aqueous methanol and ethanol crude extract appears to show similar and closely related activities against brine shrimp larvae at highest concentration of 1000 µg/ml. The ethanol crude extract and aqueous methanol fractions are toxic at higher dosage as they were found to induce significant mortality effect (In-vitro) against Artemia salina Leach particularly at concentration of 1000 µg/ml and therefore not safe for oral consumption especially at higher uncontrolled doses but at relatively low/moderate doses. The findings in this present study demonstrated that the extract of C. arenaria (whole plant) and fractions have significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity and this has justified the traditional use of the whole plant extract of Crotaria arenaria in the folklore medicine to cure malaria related illness. The results obtained in this study may serve as key data for utilization of Crotalaria arenaria in the development of bioactive agents which could be used as antimalarial, anticancer, pesticidal, insecticidal and anti-proliferation agents. The study recommended in-vivo antiplasmodial assay of the extract of the whole plant of Crotalaria arenaria to further substantiate the findings of this present study.

Cytotoxic Activity Screening of Various Uncaria Spp Plants on T47d Breast Cancer Cells

Breast cancer is a disease characterised by uncontrolled cell growth in breast cells. One of the plants known to have anticancer activity is a plant from Uncaria genus. Some of those found in Province “Riau”, Indonesia include Uncaria barbata Merr (UB), Uncaria cordata (Lour) Merr (UC), Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel (UG) and Uncaria nervosa Elmer (UN). This study aimes to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract from the leaves and stem bark of Uncaria Spp on T47D breast cancer cells. These were macerated using 70% ethanol and evaporated to obtain a viscous extract. The cytotoxic effect was determined using an MTT assay, and the IC50 value was identified after 48 hours of incubation. The results show that the IC50 values of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Uncaria barbata Merr , Uncaria cordata (Lour) Merr , Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel, and Uncaria nervosa Elmer were 227.30, 653.13, 334.65, and 64.42 µg/mL, respectively. The corresponding values of the ethanolic stem bark extracts of Uncaria cordata (Lour) Merr and Uncaria nervosa Elmer were 124.45 and 526.02 µg/mL, respectively. The ethanolic extract of Uncaria nervosa leaves had a strong cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells, which was 64.42 µg/mL.&nbsp

Cytotoxic effects of Curcuma longa leaves on MCF-7 and HepG2 cells

Curcuma longa (tumeric) is listed in several therapeutic regimens used in the management of cancer. The present study investigated the potential cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract of Curcuma longa (turmeric) leaves on HepG2 (a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line), and MCF-7 (a human mammary gland adenocarcinoma cell line) cells. The HepG2 and MCF-7 cells were exposed to different concentrations; 2, 0.2, 0.02, 0.002, 0.0002, 0.00002, 0.000002 μg/ml, of the ethanol extract of C. longa leaves. The Water-Soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was used to estimate the cell viability of the cells after which the percentage proliferation was computed. The results of this study indicated that C. longa had cytotoxic effect on the different cell lines, caused a decrease in proliferation and it is more selective to breast cancer cell lines based on the results of WST-1 analysis on the HepG2 and MCF-7 cells. These results suggest that C. longa leaf possesses cytotoxic properties, which can be exploited to develop novel cytotoxic drugs for cancer management. Keywords: Curcuma longa, turmeric, HepG2, MCF-7, WST-1, proliferation, cytotoxic, cancer

Cytotoxic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Abrus precatorius Leaves on Raw 264.7 and SK-N-SH Cell lines

Aim: This study was aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract of Abrus precatorius. leaves on Raw 264.7 and SK-N-SH cell lines.
 Methodology: Soxhlet extraction was carried out using absolute alcohol and subsequently, the profiling of phytoconstituents of ethanol extract was performed by LC-MS analysis.
 Results: The results showed that the presence of anthocyanin, phenolic acid, carboxylic acid, amino acid and monoester in ethanol extract of Abrus precatorius. The phytoconstituents such as picolinic acid, N-Acetyl-DL-tryptophan, 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid, kuromanin, aflatoxin G2, monobutyl Phthalate, laurolactam, 4-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, 4-Methoxycinnamic acid, caffeic acid and octyl decyl phthalate were found in ethanol extract. In addition to this, the cytotoxic effect of the ethanol extract was tested on Raw 264.7 and SK-N-SH cell lines using MTT assay. The cytotoxic study revealed that the ethanol extract of Abrus precatorius was non-toxic to Raw 264.7 cell, but it showed a toxic effect on human neuroblastoma cell line, SK-N-SH.
 Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that the ethanol extract of Abrus precatorius was non-toxic to Raw 264.7 cell line, but it exhibited strong inhibition on the viability of SK-N-SH cell line.

Evaluation of nephroprotective and cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of Mikania scandens leaves by using alloxan-induced diabetic nephropathy mice

BackgroundDiabetic is one of the fundamental persuasive of diabetic nephropathy and significantly sparks off kidney diseases and end stage renal failure globally.MethodThe current research was carried out to evaluate hypoglycemic potential and nephroprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Mikania scandens leaves by using alloxan-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice. The mice were intraperitoneally treated with (200 mg/kg) Mikania scandens leaves extract and standard (120 mg/kg) metformin HCL solution up to 22 days. During this treatment period, we collected blood for evaluation of different types of parameters such as blood glucose level body weight at 0, 15, 22th days, serum creatinine, uric acid, total protein were estimated at the end of the experiment (day 22).ResultMikania scandens leaves extract significantly (p < 0.05) lessen blood glucose level, serum creatinine, total protein and uric acid. Apart this, cytotoxicity studies were assessed by Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay. By this method, we measure the dose of LC50. The plant has high LC50 dose thus cytotoxicity has ensued at massive amount and safe to administer.ConclusionLowering of serum creatinine, uric acid and total protein recommend that the ethanolic extract of Mikania scandens possess potent nephroprotective activity and assure the traditional avail of this plant in the management of diabetes nephropathy.

Cytotoxicity Study of Ethanol Extract of Bintangor Leaf (Calophyllum soulattri Burm.f) on T47D Breast Cancer Cell Line (Cytotoxicity Study with MTT Assay Method)

Introduction: The public has used Bintangor leaf (Calophyllum soulattri Burm.f) for various medical treatments, including treated inflamed eyes and gout. Aim: This research aimed to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract and fraction of Calophyllum soulattri Burm. f leaf toward T47D breast cancer cell. Methods: The test used T47D breast cancer cells, the 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test method, and ELISA Reader to determine the absorbance. This method's principle was the presence of tetrazolium salts by the reductase system in the mitochondria of living cells formed purple formazan crystals. The used parameter was the value of IC50. Results: The result showed that ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and butanol fraction did not have a cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cell. The values of IC50 respectively are 585.31 μg/ml; 409.33 μg/ ml; 534.08 μg/ml; and 563.22 μg/ml. Conclusion: Ethanol extract and Calophyllum soulattri Burm.f leaf fraction did not have a cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells.

Ethanol extract of Magnoliae cortex (EEMC) limits teratoma formation of pluripotent stem cells by selective elimination of undifferentiated cells through the p53-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway

Background: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are regarded as the best potential cell source for cell-based regenerative medicine. To develop a safe and efficient iPSC-based cell therapy, it is very important to avoid possible teratoma formation, which can arise from undifferentiated iPSCs (USCs) remaining among differentiated cell products. Dried bark of Magnolia officinalis (Magnolia cortex, MC) has long been used in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal ailments and allergic diseases, and has shown have various pharmacological activities, including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. However, its effects on iPSCs have not yet been examined. Purpose: In this study, we investigated the selective cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract of MC (EEMC) on undifferentiated iPSCs and elucidated the underlying apoptotic mechanisms in detail. We also investigated the inhibitory effects of EEMC on teratoma formation via in ovo experiments. Results: We found that EEMC greatly reduced cell growth and induced apoptotic cell death in USCs, but not in differentiated or normal cells. EEMC caused G2/M cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial damage, and caspase activation of USCs, accompanied by p53 accumulation. In p53KO human iPSCs, EEMC had no cytotoxicity, reinforcing that EEMC-mediated apoptosis of USCs is p53-dependent. EEMC did not cause DNA damage in iPSC-derived differentiated cells. In ovo teratoma formation assay revealed that EEMC treatment before injection efficiently eliminated USCs and prevented teratoma formation. Conclusions: These results collectively indicate that EEMC has potent anti-teratoma activity, and therefore can be used for the development of safe iPSC-based therapy.

Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanol Extract Legundi Leaf (Vitex trifolia L.) and N-Hexan, Ethyl Acetate and Ethanol-Water Fraction against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Indonesia’s biodiversity provides many potential anticancer agent. One of the plants that has anticancer properties is legundi (Vitex tifolia L.). This study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane fractions of legundi leaves in MCF-7 cells and to identify compounds contained in the legundi ethanol extract and their fractions. The extraction process was carried out using the socletation method with 96% ethanol. Fractination was done using a liquid-liquid partition. Cytotoxic tests were performed using the MTT assay method. Phytochemical screening was carried out by TLC test using silica GF254 stationary phase, mobile phase n-hexane:ethyl acetate (7:3) and chloroform:methanol:acetic acid (9:3:3). Observation of spot results was done using spray reagents and visualized using UV 366. The cytotoxic test results showed that the ethanol extract and the n-hexane fraction of legundi leaves had cytotoxic effects with IC50 values ​​of 98.69 µg/mL and 41.06 µg/mL, respectively. While ethyl acetate and ethanol-air fractions did not have cytotoxic effects. The results of phytochemical screening from ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction of legundi leaves showed flavonoid, phenol, tannin, alkaloid, and terpenoid compounds. The ethyl acetate fraction contains a mixture of steroid, saponin, phenol, tannin, and terpenoid. The ethanol-water fraction contains compounds containing steroid, saponin, phenol, tannin, and alkaloid.

Extract of ceplukan (Physalis angulata L.) inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in myeloma cell line

Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally. Thus, research to develop a new cancer drug is still ongoing. Physallis angulata L. (ceplukan) is one of the Indonesian plants that has been shown to display anti-cancer activity. This research aimed to examine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract of P. angulata L., the effect on cell proliferation and the apoptosis-inducing ability against myeloma cells. P. angulata L. plant was extracted using 96% ethanol. The observations of the cytotoxic effect of extract and the proliferation of myeloma cells were done by MTT assay. The effect of the extract on apoptosis was determined by double staining method using ethidium bromide-acridine orange. Markers for apoptosis were measured by immunocytochemistry test. The results showed that the extract of P. angulata exhibited cytotoxic effects on myeloma cells with an IC50 value of 70.92 µg/ml. The extract inhibited the proliferation of myeloma cells and induced apoptosis in myeloma cancer cells by upregulating the expression of p53 and Bax. This result suggested that ethanolic extract of P. angulata L. had the potential to be developed as blood cancer drug. Further study on the isolation of the bioactive compound and in vivo mechanism is in progress.

Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak dan Fraksi Dendrophtoe pentandra (L) Miq pada sel T47D

Indonesia has a variety of plants that have the potential for medicine. One of the plants used by the community as a drug with anticancer effects is Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water ethanol fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq on T47D breast cancer cells. The cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water ethanol fraction were carried out by MTT assay method using series concentration. Cytotoxic effects were assessed by calculating IC50 values using linear equations. Phytochemical test showed that Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq contained saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins. The IC50 value of the ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water ethanol fraction were 417.506 μg/mL, 233.617 μg/mL, and 2748.357 μg/mL, respectively. The smaller the IC50 value means that the compound is more active. Water ethanol fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq does not have a cytotoxic effect, whereas ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq have cytotoxic effects in the medium strength category. The content of flavonoids and saponins in ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrophtoe petandra (L.) Miq is thought to play role in causing T47D cell death. Cytotoxic effects of ethyl acetate fraction are stronger than ethanol extracts.

Antidermatophytic, the anticancer and antioxidant activity of Cassia alata ethanolic extract and its phytochemical analysis

Cassia alata is used traditionally to cure various diseases like ulcers, stomach pain and fever. The potential of antidermatophytic, free radical scavenging and cytotoxic activity of ethanol leaves extracts of C. alata was studied. The preliminary phytochemical screening assay elucidates that presence of carbohydrates, tannin, phenol, saponin, flavonoid, steroid, terpenoids, glycosides, and alkaloids. Further phytochemical extraction was done by GC-MS, HPLC and FTIR. GC-MS analysis confirms that the presence of two major compounds namely Hexadecanoic acid and Oleic acid with four minor compounds. HPLC techniques revealed that the presence of two major compounds observed in two different retention time. FTIR spectrum revealed that the presence of carboxylic groups, alkanes, aldehydes and aliphatic amines in the ethanol extract of C. alata leaves. Cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract was assayed at different concentrations like 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/ml against human epithelial carcinoma (A431). At100 μg/ml of ethanol concentration, 93.26±5.44 (%) and 82.45±2.44 (%) percentage of cancer cells were inhibited by ethanol extract and standard drug, respectively. Microscopic images of cancer cells treated with ethanol extract confirm the morphological changes and shrinkages of cells leads to cell death. These results were suggesting that Cassia alata exhibit high potential antioxidant, antidermatophytic and cytotoxic activity and also it could serve as alternative new resources for manufacturing new drugs against newly evaluating diseases.

Ethanol Extract of Stylissa carteri Induces Cell Death in Parental and Paclitaxel-Resistant Cervical Cancer Cells

Objective: To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of ethanol extract from marine sponge Stylissa carteri in both parental and paclitaxel-resistant HeLa cervical cancer cells. Methods: This was an experimental in-vitro study subjected ethanol extract from Stylissa carteri obtained from Pramuka Island, Kepulauan Seribu National Park, Jakarta. Both parental and paclitaxel-resistant HeLa cells were treated with ethanol extract followed by microscopic observation and MTT assay. The IC50 and drug curves were analyzed using four-parametric logistic regression by SigmaPlot for Windows version 12.0 from Systat Software Inc., USA. Results: Ethanol extract from Stylissa carteri triggered cell death-associated morphological changes in parental Hela cells. It demonstrated cytotoxic activities with an IC50 value of 1 ppm. Importantly, this extract also triggered cell death in paclitaxel-resistant HeLa cells. The IC50 of ethanol extract of Stylissa carteri was 4 ppm in paclitaxel-resistant HeLa cells. Conclusions: There is a potential cytotoxic activity of Stylissa carteri that is not only confirmed in parental HeLa cells but also in paclitaxel-resistant HeLa cells. Keywords: Cervical cancer, paclitaxel resistance, HeLa cells, cytotoxicity assay, Stylissa carteri DOI: 10.15850/ijihs.v6n2.1378

Cytotoxicity Study of Ethanol Extract of the Leaves of Asam Kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb.) on T47D Breast Cancer Cell line

Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of the leaves of asam kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb.) against T47D breast cancer cells. Methods: The cytotoxicity of ethanol extract was carried out by measuring the activity of mitochondrial dehydrogenase in living cells that have ability to convert dissolved MTT pale yellow to purple formazan product. The extract was added at various concentrations (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μg/mL). The level of cytotoxicity was determined by calculating the IC50 value that was based on the percentage of the cell death after 24 hours treatment with the extract. Cell morphological changes were observed by using inverted microscope. Results: The IC50 value showed that ethanol extract of leaves of asam kandis could resist T47D breast cancer cells with IC50 6.13 ± 3.51 μg/mL. The statistic results proved that ethanol extract of the leaves of asam kandis could inhibit the growth of T47D breast cancer cells significantly at concentrations of 10 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL. Conclusion: The results suggest that ethanol extract of the leaves of asam kandis was potential source of herbal medicine for cancer-related ailments.

Cytotoxicity study of ethanol extract of the stem bark of asam kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb.) on T47D breast cancer cell line

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract of the stem bark of asam kandis [Garcinia cowa Roxb. (G. cowa)] on T47D breast cancer cell line. Methods The cytotoxicity of ethanol extract was carried out against human breast cancer cell line (T47D) by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay. The extract was added at various concentrations (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μg/mL). The level of cytotoxicity was determined by calculating the level of IC50 that was based on the percentage of the cell death after 24 h treatment with the extract. Cell morphological changes were observed by using inverted microscope. Results The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that ethanol extract of G. cowa exhibited significant cytotoxic effect on T47D with IC50 value of (5.10±1.68) μg/mL. Morphological alteration of the cell lines after exposure to ethanol extract of G. cowa was observed under phase contrast microscope in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions The results suggest the possible use of ethanol extract of asam kandis for preparing herbal medicine for cancer-related ailments.

Cytotoxic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Convolvulus arvensis L (Convolvulaceae) on Lymphoblastic Leukemia Jurkat Cells

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic effect of ethanol extract of aerial parts of Convolvulus arvensis against lymphoblastic leukemia, Jurkat cells.Methods: The aerial parts of C. arvensis were collected, identified, powdered and soaked in ethanol. The extract was filtered and evaporated, and the residue assessed for cytotoxic activity in Jurkat cell line. The cells were exposed to different concentrations (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 μg/mL) of the extract to determine cell viability, cell proliferation, apoptosis using Trypan blue exclusion assay, 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis, respectively.Results: Trypan blue exclusion assay and MTS assay results indicate that the ethanol extract decreased the number of living cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. The results of FACS analysis showed that the lowest concentration of the extract (10 μg/mL) was most effective for the induction of apoptosis as it induced maximum apoptosis (85.34 %) and the highest concentration (100 μg/mL) was less effective as it induced less apoptosis (53.70 %) in Jurkat cells (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The ethanol extract of C. arvensis has significant cytotoxic activity against the selected cancer cell line. Furthermore, apoptotic effect was more prominent at lower doses and necrosis at higher doses of the extract.Keywords: Convolvulus arvensis; (MTS) 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4- sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay; Trypan blue exclusion assay, Apoptosis, Necrosis

Effect of Curcumin Extract (Curcuma Longa) on Cancer Cell Lines in Vitro

Objectives: This study aims to detect the active compounds found in ethanolic crude extract of Curcuma longa rhizome and evaluate the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract on two malignant cell lines; Human laryngeal Carcinoma (HEP-2) cell line, murine mammary adenocarcinoma (AMN-3) cell line and one transformed cell line of Rat Embryogenic Fibroblast (REF-3). Methodology: Administrative Arrangement: This study was conducted in Iraqi Centre for Cancer and Medical Genetic Research (ICCMGR), Baghdad, Iraq into the period (1 / 1 / 2011 to 1 / 1 / 2012), periods of exposure of cell lines Different concentrations were prepared from ethanolic extract starting in (1 to 10000) µg/ml to were measured at) 24, 48, and 72 (hrs. in a microtitration plate under complete sterile conditions. Results: Chemical detection of extract appeared that the ethanolic extract contain flavonoid, saponin, phenols, resins, volatile oils, tannins, terpins and steroids while glycosids, alkaloids and cumarines gave negative results appeared the ethanolic extract of curcuma longa showed inhibition effect at 48 hr. period for all concentration on cancer cell lines. And amount the inhibition percentage of (AMN-3) cell line (88.3%) for treatment in concentration (6 µg/ml) after (24hr). of exposure time, and inhibition percentage begin in lower concentration on (Hep-2) cancer cell line and gave inhibition percentage (77.1%) after treatment in (2000 µg/ml) after (48hr). of exposure time and appeared the ethanolic extract on REF transformed cell line and gave higher inhibition percentage (93%) after treatment in (100 µg/ml) of exposure time. Conclusion: The ethanolic crude extract of Curcuma longa Which contain flavonoid, saponin, phenols, resins, Volatile Oils, tannins, terpins and steroids while alkaloids, glycosids, and cumarines gave negative results, In the in vitro study, The ethanolic crude extract of C. longa has a potent cytotoxic activity against REF transformed cell line, AMN-3 and Hep-2 cell lines in a concentration and time dependent manners (in vitro), The cell lines REF and AMN-3 were the most sensitive to the inhibitory effects of ethanolic extract of C. longa rhizomes, The cell line Hep-2 showed less response at low concentration while the extract had cytotoxic effect at highest concentration after exposure 48 hr. Recommendations: Using further different cancer cell lines as well as normal cell lines to study the cytotoxicity of Curcuma longa extract such as oral, stomach and colon cell lines. Using the comet test technique to detect the effects of plants extracts on DNA, use different solvent to extract of Curcuma longa for example methanol.

Cytotoxic Effects of Ethanol Extract from Linn leaves on T47D, HeLa and WiDr Cancer Cell Lines

Cytotoxic Effects of Ethanol Extract from Linn leaves on T47D, HeLa and WiDr Cancer Cell Lines

Cytotoxic Activity and Apoptosis Induction of Ethanolic Extract of Pericarps of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) on WiDr Cells and Interaction Study of Alpha-mangosteen to IKK and VEGF Based on Molecular Docking

One of the compounds found efficacious as an anti-proliferative on colon cancer is alpha-mangosteen, a xanthon compound that is abundant in pericarp of mangosteen. This study focused to evaluate anticancer activity of the ethanolic extract of pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) on WiDr colon cancer cells and to observe the affinity of alpha-mangosteen in inhibiting IKK and VEGF. Cytotoxic effect was tested by MTT assay and apoptosis induction was evaluated by double staining method on WiDr colon cancer cells, while interaction between alpha-mangosteen to the receptors was measured by molecular docking. The ethanolic extract was proven to have cytotoxic activity against WiDr colon cancer cells with IC50 of 25 µg/mL. In addition, the observation of apoptosis induction by double-staining method showed that apoptosis associated the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract of pericarp of mangosteen (EPM) on WiDr colon cancer cells. Molecular docking showed that active compounds in pericarp of mangosteen could compete with the native ligand of VEGF because the docking score of alpha-mangosteen was almost equal with native ligand. From these results we could be concluded that the cytotoxic effect of EPM to WiDr cells was mediated by cell apoptosis. This extract was potential to be developed as chemopreventive agent.Keywords : Garcinia mangostana Linn., cytotoxic effect, apoptosis, WiDr cell, molecular docking