Cytotoxic Activity Screening of Various Uncaria Spp Plants on T47d Breast Cancer Cells

Abstract

Breast cancer is a disease characterised by uncontrolled cell growth in breast cells. One of the plants known to have anticancer activity is a plant from Uncaria genus. Some of those found in Province “Riau”, Indonesia include Uncaria barbata Merr (UB), Uncaria cordata (Lour) Merr (UC), Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel (UG) and Uncaria nervosa Elmer (UN). This study aimes to determine the cytotoxic effect of ethanolic extract from the leaves and stem bark of Uncaria Spp on T47D breast cancer cells. These were macerated using 70% ethanol and evaporated to obtain a viscous extract. The cytotoxic effect was determined using an MTT assay, and the IC50 value was identified after 48 hours of incubation. The results show that the IC50 values of the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Uncaria barbata Merr , Uncaria cordata (Lour) Merr , Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) J.F.Gmel, and Uncaria nervosa Elmer were 227.30, 653.13, 334.65, and 64.42 µg/mL, respectively. The corresponding values of the ethanolic stem bark extracts of Uncaria cordata (Lour) Merr and Uncaria nervosa Elmer were 124.45 and 526.02 µg/mL, respectively. The ethanolic extract of Uncaria nervosa leaves had a strong cytotoxic effect on T47D breast cancer cells, which was 64.42 µg/mL.&nbsp