Cyber Communication Research Articles

Cyber Interpersonal Violence: Adolescent Perspectives and Digital Practices.

The pervasive use of technology, especially among adolescents, has enabled cyber communication and brought many advantages but also led to potential violence. The issue of cyber interpersonal violence (CIV) impacting young individuals is increasingly recognized as a matter of public health; however, little is known about adolescents' perspectives of the phenomenon. This study explores adolescents' perspectives on CIV. It seeks to understand their interpretations of abuse, victim impact and reactions, violence escalation, gender issues, victimization and perpetration patterns, and bystander roles. This qualitative study used fifteen focus groups to gather elementary school participants' perspectives on cyber interpersonal violence. From four Portuguese schools, 108 participants (M = 12.87 and SD = 0.31) participated in the study. A thematic analysis uncovered three themes. The results evidenced adolescents' perspectives about CIV. Due to the amount of time spent online, adolescents regularly encounter cyber harassment and recognize the importance of help-seeking. Mental health problems and their influence on the social and educational lives of adolescents is arising as a CIV problem. Parents play a crucial role in mitigating CIV as well as bystanders. Future programs should promote healthy relationships, raise CIV awareness, involve stakeholders, guide parents, integrate perpetrators into programs, and foster effective networking.

Security strategy for autonomous vehicle cyber-physical systems using transfer learning

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are emergent systems that enable effective real-time communication and collaboration (C&C) of physical components such as control systems, sensors, actuators, and the surrounding environment through a cyber communication infrastructure. As such, autonomous vehicles (AVs) are one of the fields that have significantly adopted the CPS approach to improving people's lives in smart cities by reducing energy consumption and air pollution. Therefore, autonomous vehicle-cyber physical systems (AV-CPSs) have attracted enormous investments from major corporations and are projected to be widely used. However, AV-CPS is vulnerable to cyber and physical threat vectors due to the deep integration of information technology (IT), including cloud computing, with the communication process. Cloud computing is critical in providing the scalable infrastructure required for real-time data processing, storage, and analysis in AV-CPS, allowing these systems to work seamlessly in smart cities. CPS components such as sensors and control systems through network infrastructure are particularly vulnerable to cyber-attacks targeted by attackers using the communication system. This paper proposes an intelligent intrusion detection system (IIDS) for AV-CPS using transfer learning to identify cyberattacks launched against connected physical components of AVs through a network infrastructure. First, AV-CPS was developed by implementing the controller area network (CAN) and integrating it into the AV simulation model. Second, the dataset was generated from the AV-CPS. The collected dataset was then preprocessed to be trained and tested via pre-trained CNNs. Third, eight pre-trained networks were implemented, namely, InceptionV3, ResNet-50, ShuffleNet, MobileNetV2, GoogLeNet, ResNet-18, SqueezeNet, and AlexNet. The performance of the implemented models was evaluated. According to the experimental evaluation results, GoogLeNet outperformed all other pre-rained networks, scoring an F1- score of 99.47%.

Resilient distributed secure consensus control for uncertain networked agent systems under hybrid DoS attacks

In this paper, the problem of resilient distributed secure consensus control for uncertain networked agent systems under hybrid denial-of-service (DoS) attacks is investigated. The current situation is that there exists a cyber layer connecting the network control units and a physical layer with specific physical links in the networked agent systems. Both the communication networks connecting the two layers and within the cyber layer may be attacked by DoS maliciously. These two attack scenarios have different impacts on the networked system. The former focuses on updating the control inputs timely, while the latter influences the connection weight of the cyber communication topology. Firstly, a distributed security consensus framework is proposed for the case that updates of signals are destroyed by DoS attacks between two layers, in which an acknowledgment (ACK)-based attack detection and a recovery mechanism are introduced, and a self-triggered based distributed control protocol is designed. On the premise of avoiding Zeno behavior, the relationship between trigger intervals and DoS attack characteristics is revealed. Secondly, corresponding asynchronous switching topology method is developed for secure consensus of the networked systems when DoS attacks are launched within the cyber layer. In addition, we found that large signals jump during switching and triggering will generate pulses and affect system stability. Therefore, a saturation function is introduced to constrain the fluctuation range of the signal. Finally, the effectiveness of the design scheme is verified by the simulation results of multi-robot systems.

Gender and Cyber Communication: A Systematic Literature Review of Challenges Faced by Women in Pakistan

Cyber communication and gender issues have been subjects of sociolinguistic discussions among researchers in recent years. Online gender harassment has become a common phenomenon in the internet era. This harassment is aggravated when sufferers face more persecution due to delay, denial, and in some cases, unavailability of justice from the country's criminal justice system. Though third-world countries have categorized laws dealing with cyber-harassment to deal with cyber- criminals, the same system paves the way for secondary persecution. Past studies show that law enforcement agencies trivializing problems further victimizes the victim. This study is an endeavour to answer the following questions. What kind of cyber threats do Pakistani women face? Why has a country's judicial system failed to control cyber-harassment cases? What steps are required to deal with cyber-harassment? For this purpose, the data is collected from ten online journals and blogs. The study reveals that gender discrepancies, cybercrimes, and increasing reports of violent misogyny on the internet highlight the weakness of the country's security mechanism requires instant measures to be taken by the government by making strict cyber laws and a quick cyber force.

Interpretable Hybrid Experimental Learning for Trading Behavior Modeling in Electricity Market

A modern electricity market is essentially a complex network, characterized by complicated interactions among cyber communications, physical systems, and social agents. Trading behavior modeling has always been complicated in the physical system-based market. In this paper, trading behavior modeling in the electricity market is solved by a data-driven method combining experimental economics and machine learning, called Hybrid Experimental Learning (HEL). Based on the historical and experiment simulated data, HEL models the trading behavior by a machine learning generative model which will be interpreted by a post hoc interpretation approach. Taking a simulated electricity market based on the trial spot market rule in Guangdong, China as an example, a generative adversarial network (GAN) is employed to generate the offering strategies of a gas generator. Local interpretable model-agnostic explanation (LIME) as a post hoc interpretation approach is applied to explain the relationship between the output of GAN and some of the inputs of HEL, which can be described as offering mechanisms for the gas generator.

Javanese Maxims as Politeness Guidance in Social Media Phatic Communication: A Cyberpragmatics Perspective

Communication on social media raises at a significant rate during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Social media communication (SMC) in specific culture requires particular strategies related to cultural norms. Due to the limitation of cyber communication compares to direct communication, users of social media utilize available features in social media platforms to perform politeness. The strategies of Javanese netizens to perform Javanese politeness maxims in SMC are the main discussion in this study. The data were collected from five WhatsApp Groups (WAG) of Javanese adults of 20s-40s of age comprising 246 respondents. The conversation texts containing phatic talks in WAG were selected by observation method. Then, the conversational texts and communication icons were transcribed for contextual analysis. The result shows that the Javanese maxims of Kurmat (Respect), Tepa Selira (Tolerance), Andhap Asor (Humility), and Empan Papan (Self-Awareness) were utilized by Javanese netizens in performing politeness in virtual phatic communication. During the pandemic, tolerance maxim is the most frequently used to support each other. The maxim of humility is not obvious in virtual phatic communication. To this extent, Javanese politeness maxims are mitigating devices to establish social rapport in phatic communication. The Javanese ability in performing Javanese maxims as politeness devices is essential to avoid conflict and mitigate Face Threatening Act (FTA) since the Javanese community tends to create harmony in life known as Guyub Rukun.

Consensus-Based Intelligent Distributed Secondary Control for Multiagent Islanded Microgrid

Isolated microgrids (MGs) face challenges in performance stability and active/reactive power sharing as a result of frequency/voltage deviations and mismatched line impedance issues. In this paper, a consensus-based multiagent system (MAS) is proposed as a solution to restore voltage/frequency deviations and enable true power sharing. The invention of an Intelligent Distributed Secondary Control Scheme (IDSCS) can efficiently achieve hoped-for outcomes. The proposed IDSCS features estimation and compensation sublayers. For the estimation sublayer, discrete dynamic consensus algorithm-based state estimators are presented to collect average information of frequency, voltage, and reactive power. Each DG is viewed as an agent sharing information with its immediate neighbors through a sparse cyber communication network. In the compensation sublayer, online tuned proportional integral (PI) controllers using artificial neural networks (ANNs) are proposed as an intelligent voltage and frequency compensators. This combination uses the simplicity of the PI controller mathematical formula and ANN’s ability to deal with parameter variations and nonlinearity. Due to the global nature of the frequency parameter, the active power-sharing compensator is unnecessary. For compensating reactive power deviations, ANNs-based reactive power controllers are proposed. Furthermore, at the primary control level, the proposed strategy employs discrete-time proportional resonant (PR) controllers in a stationary reference frame, eliminating the need for any α β / d q or d q / α β transformations. Distributed implementation of the proposed method guarantees system scalability without MG topology or demand pattern expertise. The control scheme was validated using hypothetical MAS in MATLAB Simulink platform. The simulation findings indicate the proposed MG system can effectively distribute power among the DGs while maintaining voltage and frequency stable.

The impact of digital citizenship on the development of the socio-political environment of the region

The emergence of cyberculture, characterized by extensive use of digital technologies, has transformed various spheres of life, notably the political domain. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of digital citizenship on the development of the socio-political environment of the region. The research methodology includes a comprehensive review of literature from specialized databases, providing a rich understanding of the evolving trends in cyber communication and digital citizenship. The study concludes that the exercise of citizenship within a cyberpolitical framework can contribute significantly to democratic expression, provided it aligns with the users’ comprehension and purposeful consumption of digital content. Authors conclude that digital citizenship have the transformative potential for socio-political development, while also highlighting the need for enhancing digital literacy and critical thinking skills among citizens to ensure the positive impact of this transformation in a region.

A theoretical model of selective cyber incivility: Exploring the roles of perceived informality and perceived distance

AbstractWe develop and advance a theoretical model which proposes the antecedents of selective cyber incivility may be distinct from the predictors of face‐to‐face (F2F) incivility. Specifically, our model proposes the physical separation of the perpetrator from the target and lack of sociocultural norms in written cyber communications enhances a perpetrator's sense of perceived informality and perceived distance from the target. Drawing from the attributional ambiguity theory, we further explicate the ways in which selective cyber incivility may be more detrimental to employee outcomes than selective F2F incivility. In doing so, we argue that feelings of distress and rumination are further exacerbated in the case of selective cyber incivility given that it has higher levels of situational and contextual ambiguity than F2F communications. Finally, we posit that targets may be able to draw from their psychological capital and social support to buffer the detrimental impact of incivility experiences on important work‐ and health‐related outcomes. We present our conceptual model in the form of testable propositions to guide future research in this important domain.

Karakteristik Dan Fenomena Kumpulan Puisi Akun Instagram Sajak Liar Tahun 2016

Globalization is an era that brings a lot of influence to various aspects of Indonesian people's lives. The development of technology and the use of the internet indirectly also have a big influence on the culture of a nation, including literature. In line with technological developments, writing literary works began to spread to cyberspace or the internet. This can be seen from the emergence of cyber literature on social media. The transfer of media from writing or paper to digital which is easier to access becomes one of the reasons cyber literature is more desirable as a representative media for expression. The object of cyber literature used in this research is poetry. The one of the reasons that underlies the selection of poetry as the object of research is the type of cyber literature that is most commonly found is poetry. At its appearance, cyber literature also appeared in the form of poetry. The poetry used in this study was 100 poetry samples of 2016 Sajak Liar Instagram which were selected through random sampling method. Sajak Liar is the name of a forum for expressing cyber literature in the form of social mediabased poetry in Indonesia. This study analyzes the development, characteristics and poetry phenomena of the poetry of Sajak Liar instagram account in 2016. The stylistic analysis in this study used Warren and Wellek's theory. Furthermore, research on the characteristics of cyber literature uses Nasrullah's theory of cyber communication.

Hierarchical Adaptive Control of the Cyber–Physical Power System With MMC-MTDC for Transient Stability Improvement

Large-scale wind power integration into the power system has promoted the development of a multiterminal DC (MTDC) transmission grid with a modular multilevel converter (MMC). Basically, MTDC with MMC is a typical cyber–physical system with continuous coupling interactions between cyber assets and power systems. However, cyber events may introduce many internet-based vulnerabilities and even result in the loss of transient stability of the power system. Therefore, a voltage compensation-based two-level hierarchical adaptive control strategy is proposed in this article. At the higher level, a modified MMC output current reference calculation method is developed in the αβ framework to guarantee the transient stability of the power system, whereas a feedback adjustment method is proposed in the MMC control framework, at the bottom level, to contain the controller from deviating from its output reference while eliminating the impact of cyber communication delay on transient stability. The article shows that the proposed hierarchical control strategy can improve the transient stability of the power grid under the interference of three-phase ground faults in physical and communication delays in the cyber layer. Finally, the simulation results of the modified IEEE 9-bus test system with MMC–MTDC are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Хейтинг как вид киберагрессии. Стереотипный образ хейтера в языковом сознании российских студентов

The paper features the phenomenon of hating as a type of aggression in cyber communication and the features that define it as a specific form of cyber aggression. The paper reviews the main domestic and foreign scientific publications on the issue of hating. The authors defined such understudied aspects of this phenomenon as racial hate and described the object of cyber aggression, haters’ goals, hating triggers, etc. They also analyzed various interpretations of the concepts of hating and hater. The research objective was to correlate the content of the concept of hater and the stereotypical idea about it in the linguistic consciousness of Russian university students. The research was based on reactions obtained by a free associative experiment from 537 Russian students, who were asked to fill in an online questionnaire. The authors used the method of semantic analysis to divide the reactions into semantic groups and associative fields. The verbal reactions were also subjected to a semantic gestalt analysis. The study provided a model of the stereotypical image of a hater as seen by Russian students. The model takes into account the content, structure, and severity. The current image-stereotype of hater looks the following way: a hater is an insecure and envious person A, evil, bad, not very smart, and not quite psychologically healthy, who hates person B (as a rule, a public person) and envies them, wishes them evil, and sees them as an opponent, while expressing hatred and envy by means of Internet comments full of unreasonable hatred, envy, aggression, and negativity.

Risk management of smart healthcare systems: Delimitation, state-of-arts, process, and perspectives

Sensing, communication, computation, and control technologies are facilitating smart healthcare to improve efficiency and effectiveness of medical treatment and care. This study focuses on the risk issues relevant with the adverse events where novel technical systems do not serve as expected. We discuss the unique challenges, define the scope of risk management in healthcare and review the state-of-art research on diverse topics under the framework widely used in risk management. Then, we present a systematic approach to identify the hazards to patients and other asset of interest in the perception, cyber communication, and execution of smart technologies and their operational contexts. We also investigate different methods for scenario, likelihood, and consequence analyses for specifying the risks of adverse events, and categorize the approaches of risk reduction, as the main strategy of treating risks of smart healthcare systems, into four groups of design, operation, organization, and legislation. At the last, the article proposes some research perspectives responding to the developing trend of smart healthcare.

Mapping the Cyber Interpersonal Violence among Young Populations: A Scoping Review

The increase in digital practices and networking has introduced important changes to social interactions. The extensive use of technology among young people has allowed for cyber communication, which has numerous benefits but can also trigger violence in relationships. Interpersonal violence affecting young people is becoming more widely recognized as a public health issue. The aim of this scoping review is to map and systematize the published academic literature on Cyber Interpersonal Violence (CIV) amongst young people, following the methodological approach proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Five databases were searched: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Science Direct and Social Sciences Citation Index. Eighteen studies in English, Portuguese, Spanish and French, published from 2004 onwards, were included. Three main areas arose in the CIV: cyber dating abuse, cyberbullying and cyber-harassment. Investing in prevention is the key to preventing cyber violence.

Controller Design for Distributed Secondary Voltage Restoration in the Islanded Microgrid

The extensive usage of the cyber communication system in multiple distributed secondary controls of islanded microgrids (MGs) suggests that the effects of the communication network and security concerns on system stability cannot be negligible. This study proposes a distributed fault-tolerant secondary voltage recovery method for multiple distributed generators (DGs) in the MGs of islanded mode based on a sliding mode surface. Compared to the traditional asymptotically convergent distributed control method, the proposed controller quickly eliminates the voltage deviation caused by the primary control and provides power sharing in the presence of external disturbance and actuator fault, which can regulate the average voltage magnitude of all the DGs to an expected value. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by the simulation studies conducted in the MATLAB/Simulink platform.

Cyber Communication Education Research to Enhance Transformational Competency as a Mature Democratic Citizen

본 연구는 집단 간, 개인 간 대립과 갈등이 만연한 현대사회에서 성숙한 민주시민으로서의 변혁적 역량 신장을위한 사이버 의사소통 교육의 방향성을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 현재 많은 사람들이 개인, 공동체의 문제 해결을 위해 활발하게 소통하고 있는 온라인 커뮤니케이션 사이트를 선정하여서 온라인 소통 공간에서 이루어지고 있는 의사소통의 양상을 분석하여 시사점을 도출하고 교육 내용을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서는 성숙한 민주 시민으로서의 변혁적 역량이 무엇인지 알아보기 위해 카카오톡 오픈 채팅방을 통해 설문을 실시하였다. 또한, 사이버 의사소통 양상을 분석하기 위해 청와대 국민소통 광장에서 토론방을 분석하였다. 사회적 판단이론(social judgement theory)을 활용해 국민소통 광장 토론문의 댓글 내용을 바탕으로 특정 주제에 대한 사람들의자아 관여도에 따른 수용영역, 거부영역, 비개입영역을 분석하였다. 상호작용 체계 모델(interact system model) 을 사용해 특정한 주제에 대한 토론이 이루어지는 경우 이에 대한 집단의 의사결정의 패턴(적응, 갈등, 접근, 보강)을 분석하고 그 문제에 대한 집단 간 갈등 양상을 분석하였다. 이를 통해 성숙한 민주시민으로서의 변혁적 역량을 기르기 위해 필요한 사이버 의사소통 교육의 방향성과 교육 방안을 제시하였다.

Dynamic characteristics of students’ communicative behavior in social networks

Dynamic characteristics of social networks users' behavior represent the toolkit for diagnosing the character and orientation of cyber communication. This study aims to analyze the communicative behavior of youth after transitioning directly from direct communication to communication via technology for the purpose of defining opportunities and determining manipulation potential on communicants. Sixty-two (62) active participants of social networks were selected to answer the questions of the questionnaire. Further, on the grounds of the provided statistics of their accounts, quantitative characteristics of dynamics of cyber communication of participants' communicative behavior were analyzed using descriptive statistics and r-criterion of Spearman rank correlation. From the results, decrease in the level of intellectual communication of the youth in cyberspace provides a high level of the youth manipulative availability in social networks. Hypotheses about measurability of dynamic characteristics of cyber communication, as well as the communication vector shift from small groups into big ones were confirmed.
 Keywords: dynamic characteristics of communication, cyber communication, social networks, meme, repost, post.

Application of traditional theories in the age of cyber communication:

Application of traditional theories in the age of cyber communication:

Abbreviation in korean cyber communication

The purpose of this paper is to argue that the various patterns of the Korean abbreviations should be interpreted as cultural icons. Leading approach to research: classification by types of abbreviations and theoretical analysis of their properties. The authors argue that the phonetic but also graphic nature of the Korean alphabet system makes the structure very innovative and unique. Moreover, the authors claim that along with the common borrowing of English abbreviations, the typological differences in writing produce unique abbreviations patterns, especially in Korean. As for the theoretical analyses, we take the examples from various papers on neologism and the online dictionaries. The theoretical significance of the work lies in the fact that the abbreviated expressions are considered as a unique tool of modern communication, especially for the young generation. In this regard, this study can also contribute to the typological research on writing systems. From a practical point of view, the result of this study can serve a reference material as well as a good basis for subsequent research on coinage of neologism.

Intrusion Detection on Apache Spark Platform in Big data and Machine Learning Techniques

With the rising cyber-physical power systems and emerging danger of cyber-attacks, the traditional power services are faced with higher risks of being compromised, as vulnerabilities in cyber communications can be broken to cause material damage. Therefore, adjustment needs to be made in the present control scheme plan methods to moderate the impact of possible attacks on service quality. This paper, focuses on the service of synchronized source-load contribution in main frequency regulation, a weakness study is performed with model the attack intrusion process, and the risk review of the service is made by further model the attack impacts on the service’s bodily things. On that basis, the customary synchronized reserve allotment optimization model is adapted and the allocation scheme is correct according to the cyber-attack impact. The proposed alteration methods are validating through a case study, showing efficiency in defensive alongside the cyber-attack impacts.