Current Ways Research Articles

ON THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE SPORTS RESERVE TRAINING SYSTEM AT THE MUNICIPAL LEVEL IN MODERN CONDITIONS

The article is devoted to the study of a topic that is of current importance for municipal sports schools that implement additional general educational programs in the field of physical culture and sports as their main activity. The harmonization of legislation on physical culture and sports and on education that has begun since 01/01/2023 is restructuring not only the form and content of the implemented sports reserve training programs, but also their financial support. In the absence of a unified point of view on the balance of changes in terms of harmonizing the legislation on physical culture and sports and education, a contradictory situation arose regarding the ratio of the stages of sports training with the powers of municipalities on local issues. The lack of a unified position on this issue gives rise to doubt and dissatisfaction among representatives of the leadership of local governments and the administrative and managerial apparatus of sports schools, turning into the formation of manic phobias. The authors, on the basis of study, come to the conclusion about the root causes of contradictions, possible options for the development of the current situation and ways for the further development of municipal physical culture and sports.

The promise of BIM? Searching for realized benefits in the Nordic architecture, engineering, construction, and operation industries

Benefits of BIM are not being achieved as expected in the mainstream architecture, engineering, construction, and operation (AECO) industries. Here, we aim to contrast expected and realized BIM benefits in AECO companies and discuss explanations for why benefits proposed in literature have, or have not, been realized. A qualitative research approach is applied to collect and analyse interview data from 47 companies in Finland, Norway and Sweden. Findings show that realized benefits typically occur “within the current practice” of individual organizations' project-related work. In contrast, expected but not realized benefits are long-term, lifecycle oriented and challenge current business and practice. Our proposed explanations acknowledge that fully realizing the expected benefits of BIM suggested in the technology-driven research is restrained by the current sector state-of-practice and assumes a high degree of BIM maturity among all cooperating companies. Thus, we discuss how explanations relate to the fundamental change required to radically leverage the benefits of BIM, challenging both current ways of work and the ubiquitous assumption of clients as drivers for BIM implementation in the sector. Based on our research, we argue that client demand is insufficient to realize the promise of BIM. Suggested research implications include a need for greater supply-driven logic among suppliers of BIM expert services, and the integration of multi-disciplinary competencies within and beyond the traditional disciplines. The research demonstrates the gap between state-of-the-art BIM predicted in literature and mainstream industry's adoption and highlights the importance of extending BIM research to better account for socio-organizational and process aspects of benefits and adoption.

CSR-SVM: Compositional semantic representation for intelligent identification of engineering change documents based on SVM

Timely and accurate identification of engineering change documents plays an important role in the document management system of the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry, which facilitates decision making. The current way of manual review and analysis may cause a delay or omission in information transmission, which may severely affect the project schedule and cost. This paper adopts text classification to explore the intelligent identification of unstructured engineering change documents. However, the paucity of available corpus and the limited number of engineering change texts are challenges in practice. Additionally, the semantic information of texts cannot be elegantly exploited. Especially there are unregistered words that interfere with semantics in engineering change texts. To tackle these problems, we propose a compositional semantic representation (CSR) and develop an SVM-based method named CSR-SVM. We introduce a language model to produce word embeddings; here, a domain dictionary is established for unregistered words. The embeddings are then exploited in CSR so that CSR can incorporate both key and global semantic representations. The former is obtained based on dependency parsing and word embeddings, and the latter is obtained according to all the word representations of a text. The CSR provides sufficient semantic representation for SVM in an efficient way. The advantages of CSR-SVM have been validated by experiments on a real-world dataset.

Recent Advances in Metallic Catalyst Materials for Electrochemical Upgrading of Furfurals to Drop‐in Biofuels: A Mini Review

Electro‐organic synthesis is an ecologically benign and cost‐effective technique. Among other purposes, it can be used to produce a broad spectrum of biofuels for aviation applications. Metallic electrocatalyst materials employed for electro‐organic synthesis enable the conversion of biomass derived furfural compounds to various furanic biofuels. Each metallic catalyst material has its own inherent characteristics of generating specific amounts of fine chemicals and fuel components. By and large, furanic biofuels produced using metallic catalyst materials are favored explicitly under acidic or mildly acidic electrolytes. Therefore, it is intriguing to understand the nature of different catalyst materials that are compatible with acidic electrolytes. Herein, the focus will be on the recent progress in the field of electro‐organic synthesis of furanic fuels under acidic conditions. This review provides an overview of electrocatalytic conversion, its fundamentals, the reaction pathways observed during conversion, and the importance of metallic catalyst materials. Subsequently, the role of noble and nonnoble metallic catalysts on the electrocatalytic transformation of furfural compounds to various biofuels in acidic environment is discussed. In the end, perspectives are presented with regard to the challenges associated with the current technology and possible ways to look ahead to scale up the current technology.

Preparing preservice teachers for working with students with intellectual disability: evaluating the impact of supplementary fieldwork experiences

ABSTRACT In this paper, the utility of instruments for evaluating how well preservice teachers are being prepared for teaching students with intellectual disability in inclusive classrooms are explored. This included an investigation using an instrument to assess the attitudes of first-year preservice teachers (PSTs) toward individuals with intellectual disability (n = 96) and to measure changes in PSTs’ attitudes after participating in a supplementary fieldwork experience that involved tutoring young adults with intellectual disability (n = 39). Results revealed that PSTs held generally positive attitudes, particularly those who had previous experience with people with intellectual disability. Involvement in the tutoring programme contributed further to promoting productive attitudes among PSTs by decreasing levels of discomfort when interacting with people with intellectual disability, but counterintuitively tempered their endorsement of inclusion in schools. While more opportunities for PSTs to work alongside students with intellectual disability in authentic contexts are needed to prepare them for the reality of being inclusive educators, our findings suggest that the current ways these opportunities are designed and assessed need further investigation.

The Impact of a Collaborative IoT Framework for Smart Cities and Environmental Monitoring

this paper proposed an architecture that is SenSquare, it is capable to carry various data sources which is coming through an open IOT program and throng sensor campaign, as well as displaying an integrated access for the utilizers. The goals of smart cities are to progress the quality of citizen in life through leveraging details on process of the urban scales that removed by diverse data source gathered at city broad deployment. In this paper checking the whole surfaces of a compound system, traversing through problems of various quality, this paper contract with the diverse data ranking, the Mobile Crowd sensing (MCS) administration to data ecological, acting information and integration, the services of IOT installation and redeployments. This study explained the suggested resolutions in cooperation with a functions and current ways to sitting unlock defies. Eventually, it pretends the ability of the SenSquare by jointly the desktop client and mobile.

Artisanal mining and its drivers in the South African context

In South Africa, Zama Zama mining is a colloquial term referring to artisanal mining. This type of mining is illegal, seeing that these mining activities are conducted without a mining license. Zama Zama mining is often associated with several social ills, for example, issues related to the miners’ health and safety, environmental deprivation, child labour and the occurrence of violence and conflict within the sector. South African mining companies and law enforcement officials tend to view the solution to these problems to lie in policing this sector but are achieving little success. This article suggests an alternative, more proactive approach by exploring the drivers of artisanal gold mining in South Africa and ascertaining the responsibilities of mining companies in mitigating the drivers. A re-examination of Zama Zama mining's marginalisation could replace the current reactive ways pursued through policing and criminalising the sector with more sustainable and proactive approaches to address the sector's problems.

Star-formation-rate estimates from water emission

Context. The star-formation rate (SFR) quantitatively describes the star-formation process in galaxies throughout cosmic history. Current ways to calibrate this rate do not usually employ observational methods accounting for the low-mass end of stellar populations as their signatures are too weak. Aims. Accessing the bulk of protostellar activity within galactic star-forming regions can be achieved by tracing signposts of ongoing star formation. One such signpost is molecular outflows, which are particularly strong at the earliest stages of star formation. These outflows are bright in molecular emission, which is readily observable. We propose to utilize the protostellar outflow emission as a tracer of the SFR. Methods. In this work, we introduce a novel version of the galaxy-in-a-box model, which can be used to relate molecular emission from star formation in galaxies with the SFR. We measured the predicted para-water emission at 988 GHz (which is particularly bright in outflows) and corresponding SFRs for galaxies with LFIR = 108 − 1011 L⊙ in a distance-independent manner, and compared them with expectations from observations. Results. We evaluated the derived results by varying star-forming parameters, namely the star formation efficiency, the free-fall time scaling factor, and the initial mass function. We observe that for the chosen water transition, relying on the current Galactic observations and star formation properties, we are underestimating the total galactic emission, while overestimating the SFRs, particularly for more starburst-like configurations. Conclusions. The current version of the galaxy-in-a-box model only accounts for a limited number of processes and configurations, that is, it focuses on ongoing star formation in massive young clusters in a spiral galaxy. Therefore, the inferred results, which underestimate the emission and overestimate the SFR, are not surprising: known sources of emission are not included in the model. To improve the results, the next version of the model needs to include a more detailed treatment of the entire galactic ecosystem and other processes that would contribute to the emission. Thus, the galaxy-in-a-box model is a promising step toward unveiling the star-forming properties of galaxies across cosmic time.

Displacement reconstruction based on Kalman smoothing in multi-rate suspension health monitoring systems

Suspension displacements and wheel center accelerations are important signals for suspension health monitoring systems to improve vehicle reliability and safety. The current way to obtain these signals is to install sensors on vehicles to conduct direct measurements. Usually, displacements are sampled at a slower rate than accelerations due to technical or economic limitations in real scenarios. This paper introduces a method for displacement reconstruction with low-sampling-rate displacement and high-sampling-rate acceleration measurements by formulating the reconstruction problem as a state estimation problem. A state-space model is established by identifying two data-driven models: a time-series Auto-Regressive model and a Finite Impulse Response model. Then, Kalman smoothing is used to estimate the displacement. A series of experiments have been done to show that the estimates from Kalman smoother coincide with the measurements.

Presencing Connection: Life Writing and Personal Development

"The global present has been diagnosed as a disruptive moment of disconnection. In this essay, I stage an interdisciplinary encounter between the self-reflexive genre of life writing on the one hand, and recent theories of personal development and leadership in order to compare recent approaches to the present as a moment of transformation. In order to overcome present disruptions, it is necessary to acknowledge past patterns of relating to the social and natural environment, but also to go beyond self- and systems awareness and develop innovative ways of connecting that complement a cognitive understanding of crisis with affective and embodied practices. By bringing together life writings and leadership theories, I introduce a range of current ways of envisioning connection and sketch how they may contribute to making more sustainable relational imaginaries and practices accessible to a wider public."

Learning to live with smoke: characterizing wildland fire and prescribed fire smoke risk communication in rural Washington

Extreme smoke events from wildland fires are increasing in frequency and intensity across the country. Risk communication around wildland and prescribed fires is an essential component of both smoke-readiness and resilience. To date, little research has been conducted on how smoke exposure risks can be communicated effectively, especially within the context of rural and tribal communities, who experience a disproportionate burden of smoke risks and impacts. This qualitative study analyzed how tribal and non-tribal communities in the Okanogan River Airshed Emphasis Area (ORAEA) receive and share information about smoke exposure to highlight gaps and communication opportunities for smoke risk communication. The ORAEA is a region of north-central Washington that is frequently blanketed with smoke year-round from wildland fire in the summer, prescribed fire in the fall and spring, and wood burning stoves in the winter. This study was the result of a partnership between the Okanogan River Airshed Partnership, the Natural Resource Division for the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, the Colville Environmental Trust Air Quality Program, and the University of Washington. The study team conducted seventeen key informant interviews and six focus groups to identify community perceptions of smoke exposure and describe its impact. A thematic analysis of interview and focus group data identified five themes around wildfire smoke risk communication: (1) perception of the health risks of smoke; (2) current ways of sharing information about smoke; (3) trusted sources of information; (4) gaps and communication opportunities; and (5) perceptions of prescribed fire. Based on these themes, we developed a set of six recommended actions. To create effective smoke risk communication that may be applicable to smoke-impacted regions across the country, messaging must address barriers to action, be rooted in community perceptions of risk, and be delivered through trusted channels.

Contemporary issues, current best practice and ways forward in soil protist ecology.

Soil protists are increasingly studied due to a release from previous methodological constraints and the acknowledgement of their immense diversity and functional importance in ecosystems. However, these studies often lack sufficient depth in knowledge, which is visible in the form of falsely used terms and false- or over-interpreted data with conclusions that cannot be drawn from the data obtained. As we welcome that also non-experts include protists in their still mostly bacterial and/or fungal-focused studies, our aim here is to help avoid some common errors. We provide suggestions for current terms to use when working on soil protists, like protist instead of protozoa, predator instead of grazer, microorganisms rather than microflora and other terms to be used to describe the prey spectrum of protists. We then highlight some dos and don'ts in soil protist ecology including challenges related to interpreting 18S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing data. We caution against the use of standard bioinformatic settings optimized for bacteria and the uncritical reliance on incomplete and partly erroneous reference databases. We also show why causal inferences cannot be drawn from sequence-based correlation analyses or any sampling/monitoring, study in the field without thorough experimental confirmation and sound understanding of the biology of taxa. Together, we envision this work to help non-experts to more easily include protists in their soil ecology analyses and obtain more reliable interpretations from their protist data and other biodiversity data that, in the end, will contribute to a better understanding of soil ecology.

Retrieval of Injection Molding Industrial Knowledge Graph Based on Transformer and BERT

Knowledge graphs play an important role in the field of knowledge management by providing a simple and clear way of expressing complex data relationships. Injection molding is a highly knowledge-intensive technology, and in our previous research, we have used knowledge graphs to manage and express relevant knowledge, gradually establishing an injection molding industrial knowledge graph. However, the current way of retrieving knowledge graphs is still mainly through programming, which results in many difficulties for users without programming backgrounds when it comes to searching a graph. This study will utilize the previously established injection molding industrial knowledge graph and employ a BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) fine-tuning model to analyze the semantics of user questions. A knowledge graph will be retrieved through a search engine built on the Transformer Encoder, which can reason based on the structure of the graph to find relevant knowledge that satisfies a user’s questions. The experimental results show that both the BERT fine-tuned model and the search engine achieve an excellent performance. This approach can help engineers who do not have a knowledge graph background to retrieve information from the graph by inputting natural language queries, thereby improving the usability of the graph.

End-of-Life Preferences: A Randomized Trial of Framing Comfort Care as Refusal of Treatment in the Context of COVID-19.

Rates of advance directive (AD) completion in the United Kingdom are lower than in the United States and other western European countries, which is especially concerning in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. UK residents typically complete an advance decision to refuse care (ADRT), whereas US versions of ADs present a more neutral choice between comfort-oriented or life-prolonging care. The purpose of this study is to test whether this framing affects decision making for end-of-life care and if this is affected by exposure to information about the COVID-19 pandemic. In an online experiment, 801 UK-based respondents were randomly allocated to document their preferences for end-of-life care in a 2 (US AD or UK ADRT) by 2 (presence or absence of COVID-19 prime) between-subjects factorial design. Most (74.8%) of participants across all conditions chose comfort-oriented care. However, framing comfort care as a refusal of treatment made respondents significantly less likely to choose it (65.4% v. 84.1%, P < 0.001). This effect was exacerbated by priming participants to think about COVID-19: those completing an ADRT were significantly more likely to choose life-prolonging care when exposed to the COVID-19 prime (39.8% v. 29.6%, P = 0.032). Subgroup analyses revealed these effects differed by age, with older participants' choices influenced more by COVID-19 while younger participants were more affected by the AD framing. The UK ADRT significantly reduced the proportion of participants choosing comfort-oriented care, an effect that was heightened in the presence of information about COVID-19. This suggests the current way end-of-life care wishes are documented in the United Kingdom could affect people's choices in a way that does not align with their preferences, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants completing an AD framed as an advance decision to refuse treatment were significantly less likely to choose comfort-oriented care than participants completing an AD with a neutral choice between comfort-oriented and life-prolonging care.Exposure to a COVID-19 prime had an interactive effect on documented preferences in the refusal of treatment condition, with these participants even less likely to choose comfort-oriented care.Policy makers and organizations that design templates for advance care planning, particularly in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, should be aware how the framing of these forms can influence decisions.

A Bibliometric Analysis of Missed Nursing Care Research: Current Themes and Way Forward

Background. Missed nursing care adversely affects nurse and patient outcomes in healthcare settings. Comprehensive bibliometric overview of research output in this field is limited, which restricts knowledge of this complex phenomenon in terms of research trends, author’s productivity, and thematic focus of scientific publications. This study aims to examine publications on missed nursing care by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Methods. A search was performed in the Scopus database to identify 276 published studies on missed nursing care from inception to 20th February 2022. A bibliometric approach was used to comprehensively analyse retrieved publications based on trend, thematic focus, and scientific production. The R based software was used for data analysis. Results. The result from this bibliometric analysis indicates that the first study performed on the concept of missed nursing care was published in 2006. The United States of America (USA) ranked first in number of publications, and the study by Ball et al. published in 2014 was the most cited paper among the documents analysed. The results also identified names of prolific authors such as Kalisch B.J., Ausserhofer D., Willis E., Papastavrou E., Schubert M., Palese A., Simon M., and Aiken L. H. and relevant institutions in this field. Trending keywords identified included “missed nursing care,” “unfinished nursing care,” “patient safety,” and “care left undone.” In addition, thematic analysis showed emerging themes such as “neonatal intensive care unit,” “patient satisfaction,” “health resources,” “failure to maintain,” and “adverse events.” Conclusion. Findings from this study reveal a lack of bibliometric analysis in missed nursing care research. This study provides significant contribution by presenting a comprehensive overview on thematic focus, hotspots studies, and directions for future research in this field. Findings from this study can guide scholars in defining research focus and aspects of research on missed nursing care for future exploration.

Electronic Waste Management and Institutional Theory: Any Lessons for Nigeria?

Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) and/or Information Communication Technology (ICT) has enabled great changes in the modern ways of living all over the world, and Nigeria is not an exception. The usage of EEE and/or ICT has also brought exponential increase in electronic waste (e-waste) and has become the fastest growing waste stream in the world. It is hazardous to the human health and the environment when handled in a crude informal manner and a material of great value when handled in both informal and formal environmentally sound manners. The current way EEE and/or ICT is produced and consumed in Nigeria comes with externalities that include wastage of resources, release of greenhouse gases and toxic substances during informal management of e-waste. This is because at present Nigeria does not have adequate formal facility for the separation, storage, transport and disposal of e-waste. This article discusses e-waste management in Nigeria by using primary and secondary materials and the lessons Nigeria can learn by the deployment of institutional theory for the environmentally sound management of this genre of waste, as an approach that can be utilised to enhance the structures, schemas, rules, routines and norms as authoritative processes that are coercive, normative and mimetic for the environmentally sound management of electronic waste in Nigeria.

Efficiency analysis of intercepting UAV swarm by various air defense methods

In order to accurately intercept incoming swarm targets and improve interception efficiency, the interception efficiency of various air defense equipment was studied. The paper introduces the current ways to deal with the UAV swarm, and establishes the mathematical model of different types of interception equipment; Under the premise of given interception probability, the time and cost of different interception methods are calculated respectively, and the weight distribution is used to analyze the interception efficiency of different weapons. According to the analysis process and results, the interception effectiveness of different weapons is sorted. The analysis results show that the analysis has certain practicability, which can support the development and application of air defense interception weapons and equipment to a certain extent, and has practical reference value and significance.

Impact of Market Coverage Strategy with reference to Lulu Hypermarket Muscat

recent competitive scenario, it is important to determine the factor affecting marketing strategy. Especially in retail industry there is a tough competition not only from tradition retailers but e-tailors too. It is necessary for every retailer to assess the impact of current market coverage strategy and ways for achieving an effective market coverage strategy implementation. The specific objectives in research is to “identify the variables for effective market coverage strategy”, “assess the impact of the current market coverage strategy by the lulu hypermarket in Oman” and “Suggest the methods for implementing effective elements for market coverage strategy”. The type is research is both quantitative and qualitative with a mixture of numerical analysis and statistical variables. With questions being distributed as questionnaires to 70 customers and 2 employees with some demographic variables to better segment the market perception based on them. The main focus of our study is on the Muscat region of the sultanate, with convenient sampling being used.

Assessment of the activities of local self-government bodies in the field of fire safety: current problems and ways to solve them

The object of the study is the powers of local self-government bodies. The subject of the study is an assessment of the effectiveness of the activities of local self-government bodies both in general and in the field of fire safety in municipalities. In the article, the central place is given to the issues of evaluating the activities of local self-government bodies as elements of the control system for the implementation of the powers assigned to them. The authors consider the legal principles of the organization of local self-government of the legislation of the Russian Federation regulating this subject area. Based on the methods of system analysis, the authors have identified a range of problematic issues that may arise when the supervisory authority evaluates the implementation by local self-government authorities of the ability to organize primary fire safety measures. The analysis of the provisions of the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, which consolidate both the general powers of local self-government bodies and the list of powers in the field of fire safety, is carried out. The scientific research devoted to the assessment of local self-government bodies and improving the efficiency of their work is considered. The main conclusions of the study suggest that the studied materials do not take into account the indicators of ensuring primary fire safety measures, which increases the likelihood of formalization of the results and violations of the mechanism for improving the efficiency of the subjects of legal relations. There is no regulation of the list of measures that make up the implementation of such authority as ensuring primary fire safety measures in the system complex. The novelty of the research is to find a way to solve the problem of evaluating the activities of local governments in the field of fire safety in the territory of the municipality. A special contribution of the authors is the systematization of the powers of local self-government bodies on fire safety, taking into account the nature of the activities carried out, the definition of a list of criteria for evaluating activities, taking into account factors that can influence its provision, the search for methodological approaches to evaluation. The necessity of developing a methodology for assessing local self-government bodies in the field of fire safety is determined.

ESL Pre-university Learners’ Needs Analysis for Web-based English Academic Vocabulary Learning Resource

A needs analysis will assist ESL practitioners in designing instructional materials more efficiently by filling in the gaps where language learning is lacking. By adapting Hutchinson and Waters' (1987) needs-analysis model, this study investigates ESL pre-university learners’ English academic vocabulary learning needs as regards their attitude, learning experience, preferred learning method, and preferred content for a web-based learning resource. A questionnaire survey was distributed to 117 ESL Life Sciences Foundation students from a foundation studies centre in Kuala Lumpur. The quantitative data collected were analysed descriptively using SPSS Version 26. The findings showed that the learners had positive attitudes towards learning academic vocabulary. Even so, they faced language issues rooted in their lack thereof, particularly in productive skills, such as academic speaking and writing. Their current implicit ways of acquiring academic words and limited resources need to be revised. They also displayed high interest and readiness to explore other learning means, such as a web-based learning resource. The learning needs in the resource include presenting academic words in contexts through sample sentences and by using basic English words, such as synonyms. Additionally, learners need various vocabulary learning exercise types and multimedia. The study informs ESL practitioners on the criteria and elements to be considered to design, development, and successful delivery of academic vocabulary instruction that is effective, practical, and contextualised.