Current Textbooks Research Articles

외국인 유학생을 위한 시사 한국어교육 방안 연구

This study compared and analyzed three types of Current Issues and Affairs textbooks for Korean language learners with academic purposes to develop the basic materials necessary for teaching current issues and affairs as an elective course at the university level. I analyzed the Current Issues and Affairs textbooks that were published after 2010 to identify their educational goals, curriculum, subjects, and vocabulary and to determine their limitations to provide suggestions for how Current Issues and Affairs textbooks should be developed in the future.

Designing Textbook for English Language Learning at Primary Level: An Analysis

The study aimed to evaluate the textbook of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa at the primary level in comparison to Oxford Modern English Textbook and Cambridge Scholar Standard series Pakistan. The objectives of the study are: (1) to illustrate the importance of textbooks in English language learning at the primary level, (2) to analyze the English textbooks used at the primary level, and (3) to propose/suggest parameters for designing English textbooks for effective English language learning at primary level. The researchers adopted a 75- items evaluative checklist presented by McGrath (2002). This checklist has been selected by the researchers because it fulfils the requirement of the study. The findings show that the English textbook of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa fails to achieve the desired objectives of the English language curriculum. On the basis of the research findings, the researcher concluded that the current English textbook of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa needs to be re-designed in order to address the needs of the primary level students.

Race in the Reading: A Study of Problematic Uses of Race and Ethnicity in a Prominent Pediatrics Textbook.

Aspects of medical education and clinical practice continue to reflect the antiquated notion that race is a biologically valid distinction among individuals rather than a social construct. The authors analyzed the use of race and ethnicity in a popular pediatrics textbook to determine if these concepts were being used consistently and correctly. In May 2021, using the search function on the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) eBooks platform, the authors searched for 29 race- or ethnicity-related terms (e.g., African, Asian, Black, race) in the AAP Textbook of Pediatric Care, 2nd Edition , which was published in 2016. One researcher extracted direct quotes containing at least one of these search terms. Three researchers independently coded each quote as problematic or nonproblematic with respect to the use of the search terms, excluding examples in which the terms were used in irrelevant contexts (e.g., black box warning). The researchers then identified themes based on the quotes that used race and ethnicity problematically. The search produced 2,167 total results across the search terms, 806 of which were relevant to race or ethnicity and were analyzed. Problematic quotes: (1) used race or ethnicity as a surrogate for social variables, (2) conflated terminology (e.g., conflated socially defined race with genetic ancestry), (3) overgeneralized or made claims based on limited data, (4) lacked clinical relevance, (5) lacked inclusivity, (6) promoted racial stereotypes, or (7) made contradicting claims about race. The use of race and ethnicity in the AAP Textbook of Pediatric Care, 2nd Edition was not always appropriate, as demonstrated by examples that reified race as a biological fact and thereby promoted structural racism. Critical evaluation of the use of race and ethnicity in all current medical textbooks and future revisions is warranted.

Analysis the lack of parent-daughter relationship in the current junior high school Chinese textbooks

This article analyzes the current version of middle school Chinese textbooks, the Jiangsu version, the Chinese version, the Beijing Normal University version, the Changchun version, the Lujiao version, the People's Education version (May 4th school system), Lujiao version (May 4th school system), Shanghai Education version of the teaching content of father's love in 9 editions of junior high school Chinese textbooks and summarizes the problem of lack of father-daughter relationship in current junior high school Chinese textbooks ,also puts forward countermeasures.

On the model-assisted regression estimators using remotely sensed auxiliary data

The model-assisted difference and regression estimators are increasingly used with forest inventory and remotely sensed data to increase the precision of estimates of inventory parameters. Although these estimators date back at least 50 years and appear in multiple current sampling textbooks, the associated terminology is inconsistently defined, even among the prominent authorities. Further, two of the most prominent statistical sampling textbooks, Cochran (1977) and Särndal et al. (1992), use considerably different notation.The study focused on three objectives: (1) to formulate consistent and operationally useful definitions via a synthesis of the literature, (2) to construct a bridge between the more complex Särndal et al. (1992) notation and the more commonly used Cochran (1977) notation, and (3) to assess sample size, model form and g-weight effects on the unbiasedness of the regression estimators of both the population mean and the variance of its estimate.The data analyses entailed Monte Carlo simulations using an artificial population constructed using inventory and airborne laser scanning data and both across- and within-dataset analyses for 11 inventory datasets representing six countries on four continents. The analyses focused on assessing the unbiasedness of the regression estimators of both the mean and variance, the role of the g-weights on the unbiasedness of the variance estimator, and differences for linear versus nonlinear models.Key terminological distinctions were that the generalized estimators accommodate unequal probability sampling and that the difference estimator of the mean is unbiased whereas the regression estimator of the mean is only asymptotically unbiased, meaning it only approaches unbiasedness as the sample size increases. The key analytical conclusions were threefold: (1) the regression variance estimator was confirmed as asymptotically unbiased, (2) the form of the regression variance estimator that incorporated the g-weights was more accurate, and (3) the regression variance estimator was more accurate for linear models than for nonlinear models.

Systemic Functional Linguistics and the Development of Spoken Chinese Textbooks

More than ten thousand spoken Chinese textbooks have been published in the past three decades because of the rise of China and the increasing number of Chinese learners all over the world. None of these textbooks was developed by making reference to the theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) both in terms of overall design and the selection of teaching materials. Therefore, this article explores the possibility of developing spoken Chinese textbooks on the basis of SFL theories. There exist many studies in the field of systemic-functional approaches to Chinese, which provide a rich foundation for the analysis of spoken Chinese. Depending on the findings of previous research, the chapter applies the theories of SFL to the development of the spoken Chinese textbook. The chapter first identifies three inadequacies of current Chinese textbooks in terms of grammatical knowledge presentation, the organization of units, and the contextual structure of conversation passages. In particular, three textbooks published respectively in China, Singapore, and the US were selected for illustration. The article then develops a functional framework for the presentation of Chinese grammatical knowledge based on experiential, interpersonal, and textual functions. Moreover, it demonstrates that the arrangement of various units and the structure of sample conversations in Chinese textbooks can be improved using register theory and genre theory respectively. The research contributes to the growing body of research on the teaching of spoken Chinese and the development of effective Chinese textbooks.

Comparative Study of the Two Sets of Chinese Textbooks in Singaporean Secondary Schools

In the ethnically heterogeneous and linguistically hybrid Singapore, its bilingualism education is characterised by the mandatory mother tongue policy for its three main ethnic groups. For Chinese students’ language acquisition, this is practised in a way that Chinese language instruction in Singapore has been differentiated into four streams according to their individual differences in language proficiency. This study reports the findings obtained from a public funded large-scale empirical research project with a focus on the Mother Tongue Language curriculum in Singapore secondary schools. The questionnaire survey consists of 4811 students from 24 Singaporean secondary schools categorised on the basis of three key family language backgrounds, namely: Chinese-dominant, Chinese-English mixed, and English dominant. Using a comparative study methodology, the study seeks to juxtapose the perceptions of Secondary 2 and 3 students regarding their current language textbooks (developed in 2011) against the textbooks published in 2002. The survey revealed two key findings which highlight the diverse learning needs of students from varying backgrounds, thus indicating a greater and more complex challenge surrounding the revision of upcoming Mother Tongue Language instructional materials. It is our hope that the details of main findings manifested in this study can shed some light on the future endeavours in innovating Chinese education in other parts of the world with the similar sociolinguistic context.

Data Analysis and Optimization of English Reading Corpus Based on Feature Extraction

In order to solve the difficulties faced by English reading teaching, this paper proposes a feature extraction-oriented method for data analysis and optimization of English reading corpus. This method specifically includes the evaluation of vocabulary coverage, comparing the value and vocabulary distribution evaluation of the two sets of textbooks in helping students master English core vocabulary and adapt to the English reading environment as soon as possible, testing whether the teaching of the three sets of textbooks can enable learners to reach the level of free reading corresponding English materials, and testing whether the gradient of the textbooks can be in line with the average language level required for reading corresponding English materials. The experimental results show that, compared with the blog-1565 based on the four authoritative core word lists, the English core word coverage of the two tutorials has reached 91.8% and 93.7%, respectively, and can be improved to 96% and 97.4%, respectively, after optimization. Conclusion. It is proved that the data analysis and optimization of English reading corpus based on feature extraction can play a directional role in the current English reading-related textbooks.

Book Review: A Vocabulary Proposal Aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages towards Turkish A1 and A2 Levels

This study aims to introduce Prof. Nihal Çalışkan’s study entitled A Vocabulary Proposal Aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages towards Turkish A1 and A2 Levels. The teaching of Turkish that has made a rapid improvement in recent years draws a great deal of attention as a foreign/ second language. Nonetheless, the lack of word/ vocabulary lists stands out in this field. This study that is based on corpus linguistics, Çalışkan’s field of study, and her own language learning experiences has been built on the idea that vocabulary is important in the acquisition of language skills, yet that a certain part of it should be taught as a priority in the face of the broad volume of the elements of vocabulary. In this study, which was meticulously carried out in line with the principle of transparency by examining current textbooks, the word was considered as an orthographic unit. This study was conducted in three phases and reached 1152 words at A1 level and 1653 words at A2 level. In the list prepared, the vocabulary elements were basically divided into two groups as “words” and “units that exceed the limits of word”. The units that exceed the limits of word was further subdivided into four categories: “morpheme units”, “lexical units”, “syntactic units” and “discourse units”. The words determined based on prevalence criteria was aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). All units are exemplified by sentences generated by the author herself.

Skin Tone Representation in Dermatology Textbooks: Approximating the Gap.

Dermatology heavily relies on photographs in its literature to depict diseases and demonstrate treatment modalities. Previous studies have established that general medical and dermatology textbooks have limited photographic representation of individuals with skin of color (SOC), even those diseases highly prevalent in these populations. As the US population continues to grow and diversify, there is an increase in individuals with SOC seeking cosmetic and procedural services. We set out to investigate the current trends of SOC representation in the surgical and cosmetic sections of current dermatology textbooks.

2015 개정 중․고등학교 역사교과서의 조선후기사 서술 관점과 새로운 서사의 모색

The current middle and high school history textbooks under the Revised Curriculum of 2015 are the first history textbooks developed amid the growing social interest in the importance of authorized history textbooks after the regime''s attempt at replacing old history textbooks with new government-designated ones. Today, authorized history textbooks are oriented toward the development of textbooks to present diverse perspectives reflecting the changing situations of the times and the research achievements of the academic circles instead of textbooks containing only a single perspective under the guidance of the government. The description perspective of a textbook serves as a starting line to establish what and how to look at history for students. In the current history textbooks, the perspective for the description of political history finds the accountability of the ruined nation in the failure of political management from factional politics to power politics. The economic and cultural history is described from the perspective of development with the symbolic elements of Western modernization set as a standard of pursuit. The social history describes the social class system and the rural community society from the perspective of discrimination and conflict. The current history textbooks keep almost the same perspectives and descriptions as the old government-designated textbooks within their larger framework of depicting the aspects of Joseon in its latter part. History textbooks need to have a narrative transition and offer students a chance to understand the times from more diverse perspectives so that they can align with the goals oriented by today''s history education. The descriptions of political history should help students figure out the various patterns of political management and changes during the latter part of Joseon according to historical causal relations. The descriptions of economic and cultural history should focus on development as an objective phenomenon based on proof and comparison and present reasonable historical meanings accordingly. The descriptions of social history should move students closer to the reality of Joseon society during its latter part based on the coexistence of conflict and integration. These proposals will hopefully lead to description changes in history textbooks through collaborations among researchers, teachers, and people concerned.

한국사 교과서 고대사 부분의 국수주의적 시각에 대한 비판적 검토

In the ancient history section of current Korean history textbooks, nationalistic narratives and narratives that do not guarantee objectivity remain. Most of these issues are related to the pride or self-esteem of the nation and nation. The first is that the descriptions related to the founding age of Gojoseon and its domain do not match the academic research results and are exaggerated or contain contradictions in logic. This is actually due to the peculiarity that Gojoseon is the starting point of Korean history. The second is the absence of a description of the multi-ethnic national character of the ancient Korean states, Goguryeo and Balhae. Goguryeo is a country in which Yemaek-Goguryeo people, Chinese, and Malgal people merged into Goguryeo people while maintaining their ethnic identities. Balhae also formed a multi-ethnic society with the Goguryeo people and the Malgal people as two major pillars of human composition. The characteristics of Goguryeo and Balhae as multi-ethnic countries are important factors in understanding the history of these countries, so they must be included in textbook descriptions. Finally, it is a question of how to view the history of Nakrang. Current Korean history textbooks hardly describe the history of Nakrang. Nakrang is a local administrative organization established in the center of Gojoseon after the Han Dynasty destroyed Gojoseon. However, Nakrang exists in the northwestern part of the Korean Peninsula for more than 400 years and has had various historical interactions in the same time and space as those of ancient Korean countries. And as a result, the fusion of indigenous culture and Chinese culture was achieved. Through this, the political, economic, and cultural influences on the ancient history of Korea were also significant. And when we recall that the vast majority of its inhabitants were also indigenous people of Gojoseon ancestry, Nakrangsa should be treated as a part of Korean history. Also, considering that the majority of the inhabitants were people of Gojoseon, the history of Nakrang should be treated as a part of Korean history.

Gender Disparity in School Textbooks in Jordan: The Case of Arabic and Social Education in Grades 4, 5, and 6

Representation of females and males in language and school textbooks is a determinant factor in the perpetuation of gender socialization of children and the normalisation of their gender roles and positions. School textbooks often portray boys and girls adhering to gender stereotypes, with girls associated with housework and childcare, and boys associated with labor and leadership. This paper reports the gender disparity with reference to sexist language, content, images, and illustrations in current Jordanian school textbooks pertaining to the two subjects in contemporary Jordanian textbooks: Arabic Language and Social/Civic Education. Twelve textbooks of both subjects for Grades 4 - 6 are selected for content analysis. The research concludes that women and girls were either marginalized or symbolically annihilated in the content and language of the selected school textbooks. Content analysis of textbooks is crucial to influence gender-sensitive reform of school curricula through careful analysis of the linguistic, visual and thematic content. To this end, the paper draws attention to the existing sexist language and sexist content in school textbooks to identify areas for curricular reform advocating for gender equality.

Сучасний стан підготовки та видання підручників для молодших школярів із порушеннями зору (якісний аналіз).

Key aspects of the current textbook creating process in terms of writing and publishing textbooks for junior pupils with visual impairments (with blindness and low vision) are presented in the article. A qualitative analysis of primary school textbooks for junior pupils with visual impairments has been done. At the current state of research the qualitative analysis is done by means of questioning teachers (primary schoolteachers/ typhlopedagogues) of special schools for children with visual impairments in different cities and towns of Ukraine, namely, Kyiv, Cherkasy, L`viv, Dnipro, Konotop, Kharkiv, Zhytomyr, Slov`yans`k, Boyarka, Kam`yanetsPodilsky, etc, concerning the quality of writing and publishing textbooks in Braille for pupils with blindness and in enlarged font for pupils with low vision. The questionnaire is compiled in such a way that its results make it possible to analyze the quality of writing and publishing textbooks for junior pupils with visual impairments on a number of subjects, i.e. The «Ukrainian Language» («Українська мова»), «Reading»(«Читання»), «Mathematics»(«Математика»), «Computer Studies»(«Інформатика»),` «Environment»(«Я досліджую світ») etc. The following aspects are presented: details of publication, the correspondence of a textbook to the Syllabus, the correspondence of a textbook to requirements of ergonomics and design, the correspondence to requirements for different parts of a textbook such as an introduction, symbols, exercises, tasks, a context. Requirements to graphical images and embossment, typing of a text in Braille, its placement on a page in particular and in the book in general are also taken into consideration. The received results of the qualitative analysis will enable standardization of creating special textbooks in Braille and in an enlarged font for pupils with visual impairments. The questionnaire contains one more component of the qualitative analysis, namely, assessment forms. Their analysis permits to determine a level of adapting of a textbook, difficulties in perceiving the textbook by pupils with visual impairments, a complexity of the textbook structure. The above mentioned results will help find out necessary ways of improvement in the process of creating and adapting textbooks for pupils with visual impairments. This article is also an attempt to compare the quality of the textbooks in Braille published in 2017- 2021 to the ones published in 2014-2016 aimed at qualitative changes observations.

An Investigation into the Phenomenon of Morphological Conversion in Current Textbooks of English and Vietnamese Literature for High Schools

Conversion is a common phenomenon in both languages which are English and Vietnamese, especially in terms of morphology. The study investigates the phenomenon of morphological conversion in current English and Vietnamese Literature textbooks for High schools. Based on those survey results, the authors analyzed the similarities and differences of this phenomenon between the two disciplines to propose appropriate teaching methods when encountering it in the teaching process. The research used the inductive method to synthesize theories from available data about the phenomenon of conversion and the survey approach to analyze the conversion phenomenon density in the English and Vietnamese Literature books statistically at the high school level. Finally, the comparative method was used to point out the similarities and differences between the above phenomena in the textbooks of the two subjects. From the collected data, this study showed that the phenomenon of conversion in the textbooks of English and Literature has occurred. Through the research paper, the authors would like to give some notes and suggestions on appropriate teaching methods for high school teachers when encountering this phenomenon in the teaching process.

Designing Literature Circle in teaching reading comprehension of modern Vietnamese short stories in the Language of Arts grade 11

Teaching reading comprehension in approaching competency development is a crucial change in the General Education Program in Literature 2018. As one of the positive teaching methods and strategies, Literature Circle is a reading comprehension model that focuses on the reader's response, driven primarily by student understanding and questions. With surveying and analysing literature texts in the current textbook and the General Education Program in Literature 2018, the article addresses the process of organizing a literary circle in teaching reading comprehension of modern Vietnamese short stories for grade 11 students, to create excitement for students in the process of understanding the work, and to motivate them to deepen their thinking and share their feelings in order to meet the needs of the competence-based teaching and assesment program.

Discussion of novel mode of acupuncture and moxibustion based on identifying the acupoint sensitization

On the base of the paradigms of clinical studies on modern moxibustion by identifying the acupoint sensitization, the records of ancient literature in successive dynasties were collected on "identifying the sensitization" of acupoints in acupuncture. In association with acupoint detection of acupuncture recorded in current textbooks, a novel concept, "exerting acupuncture by identifying the acupoint sensitization" is proposed. Acupoint sensitization is the common initial link of effect achieved by both acupuncture and moxibustion. Hence, on the basis of the routine acupoint selection by differentiating syndrome, the state of acupoint must be considerably emphasized in either acupuncture or moxibustion. The clinical curative effect may be improved by selecting the sensitized points and identifying sensitization. This novel mode of diagnosis and treatment focuses on identifying acupoint sensitization by unifying acupuncture with moxibustion and in coincidence with the modern clinical characteristics of either acupuncture or moxibustion.

When Does the Human Embryonic Heart Start Beating? A Review of Contemporary and Historical Sources of Knowledge about the Onset of Blood Circulation in Man.

The onset of embryonic heart beating may be regarded as the defining feature for the beginning of personal human life. Clarifying the timing of the first human heartbeat, therefore, has religious, philosophical, ethical, and medicolegal implications. This article reviews the historical and contemporary sources of knowledge on the beginning of human heart activity. Special attention is given to the problem of the determination of the true age of human embryos and to the problem of visualization of the human embryonic heart activity. It is shown that historical and current textbook statements about the onset of blood circulation in man do not derive from observations on living human embryos but derive from the extrapolation of observations on animal embryos to the human species. This fact does not preclude the existence of documented observations on human embryonic heart activity: Modern diagnostic (ultrasound) and therapeutic (IVF) procedures facilitate the visualization of early embryonic heart activity in precisely dated pregnancies. Such studies showed that the human heart started its pumping action during the fourth post-fertilization week. A small number of direct observations on the heart activity of aborted human embryos were reported since the 19th century, but did not receive much recognition by embryologists.

“Law Does Not Come Down From Heaven”: Youth Legal Socialisation Approaches in Chinese Textbooks of the Xi Jinping Era

Schools constitute key sites for legal socialisation, the process whereby youth develop their relationship with the law. Yet, what does legal socialisation entail in the context of an authoritarian party-state such as China? The article examines this question by analysing Chinese citizenship education textbooks of the Xi era. The study finds that China's current textbooks contain elements associated with both a coercive and a consensual approach to legal education. Nonetheless, it is the consensual orientation that receives greater stress, as the books highlight the positive benefits of legal compliance and endorse the idea that youth should advance beyond the external supervisory stage to the self-discipline level of legal consciousness. Reflecting the attempt of the Chinese Communist Party leadership to draw on legality as a key source of legitimacy, this approach is nonetheless undermined by the propagandist tone of the textbooks and their ambiguous messages regarding citizens’ ability to challenge China's existing laws.

Physics teaching and history of teaching: discoveries from the study of ancient didactic experiments

The present research had as its main objective an analysis of curricular transformations that have occurred in the physics teaching, specifically in the topics of “Fluid Mechanics”, through an examination of old instruments no longer in use in a physics laboratory of a Brazilian school. The study begins with the intention of giving a name and meaning to an old dusty instrument found in the laboratory, the Nicholson’s Areometer. From this work of identifying the materials, we realized that experiments on “Fluid Mechanics” found in the laboratory had disappeared from current textbooks and official documents, showing changes in the Brazilian physics curricula. We consider these changes as one of the factors that contributed to the disuse of laboratory equipment today. For the survey and analysis of laboratory materials, a qualitative, exploratory and documentary research was carried out. From this research, the feasibility of resuming disused laboratories and materials as tools for physics teaching was evidenced, and this re-analysis movement may represent a first step to assist teachers in the effective use of such materials in their schools. Finally, we found that some of the reasons mentioned by teachers for not using experimental activities, such as lack of space and equipment, were not identified in the school studied.