Scientific Culture Research Articles

ON THE ISSUE OF PROPAGANDA OF ACHIEVEMENTS SCIENTIFIC SCHOOLS URFU (UPI, USTU AND USU) AND CORPORATE CULTURE

In the article. Using the example of the leading university in the country and region, the Ural Federal University, issues related to the relationship between the corporate culture of the university and the promotion of the achievements of scientific schools that existed and exist at the university, their impact on the educational and scientific process in the higher education system are considered and analyzed. Both general and specific processes characteristic of the higher education system are presented. Inputs are made about the need for systemic assistance and support for scientific schools, without which neither the educational nor the scientific process in the higher education system, the renewal of personnel for the economy and science of the country are possible.

Scientific Culture Organisational and Professional Identity: A Systemic Game of Contexts and Subjects

In theory, a scientific stratification (branches and disciplines) is frequently associated with the effectiveness of research groups but not professional mobility and other psychosocial factors. The study analyses the relationship among the organisational cultures specific to each field of speciality (human-social sciences versus exact-natural sciences), the satisfaction of researchers and the homogenisation of psychosocial behaviours with the mediation of the professional mobility variable; that is to say, the construction of organisational/disciplinary identities within the scientific system. Quantitative and qualitative techniques were used. Among the first, two questionnaires were used; among the latter, we used non-obstructive observation and interviews. This research concluded that Scientists' psychosocial responses and achievement levels vary according to their speciality areas, highlighting distinct disciplinary and organisational cultures within the scientific community. Dissatisfaction with team leadership is widespread across scientific disciplines, driven by factors such as effort, expectations, and societal influences, necessitating the development of transformative competencies, particularly leadership skills, to address these issues and promote well-being among scientists.

Positioning of facts, meanings and terms in the media: theoretical approaches and practice of covering the problems of terrorism

The interpretation and interrelation of the concepts of “fact”, “meaning”, “term” throughout the 20th–21st centuries were constantly in the zone of interest of researchers: sociologists, philosophers, cultural scientists, linguists, lawyers, as well as writers and journalists. At the same time, this connection, outwardly understandable and logical, was understood as an increasingly complex composition, depending both on the peculiarities of human perception and on the social modeling of various kinds of messages to target audiences. This article examines the dynamics and current state of these ideas, connected, on the one hand, with the internetization and mediatization of society; and, on the other, motivated by the presence and strengthening of the global socio-political conjuncture at the interstate and other levels. The author’s research focuses on the problems of terrorism as the most acute and revealing. There is no unified internationally accepted definition of terrorism. To an even greater extent, this applies to social practice, in the process of which the perpetrators and customers of terrorist attacks are determined by interested parties in different ways, up to the complete opposite. The immediate facts of terror are interpreted in the same way, when the fixation of a real event is supplemented or completely replaced by a demonstration of its meaning. The article examines the prerequisites and modern practice of creating and subsequent application of factual, meaning and terms elements in the compositions of published messages. By analyzing the materials of Russian and Western mass media, the author explores the dynamic change in the goals and roles of these elements in influencing target audiences. In the course of the study, the hypothesis is put forward and confirmed that reports of acts of terror turn into an instrument of information warfare, and their semantic part acquires a dominant character. Technologies are being developed to verify the facts for authenticity and identify the primary goals of the authors of the messages. However, the priority form of counter-actions is the formation of stereotypical attitudes among target groups to the rejection of events, statements and their content designations in the media, qualified by the state as terrorist.

Decoding the writing styles of disciplines: A large-scale quantitative analysis

Disciplinary writing style stems from the practice of science, reflecting the scientific culture. This study aims to explore the differences and evolution of scientific writing styles from the perspective of disciplines. A large-scale quantitative analysis was conducted over 14 million abstracts from the Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) database across eight soft and hard disciplines. Represented by a comprehensive set of 14 symbolic, lexical, syntactic, structural, and readability features, the evolution of disciplinary writing styles was analyzed over 30 years. Interpretable machine learning methods were performed to test the discernibility of writing styles across disciplines and disclose their linguistic differences. Our findings reveal the linguistic features of soft disciplines (Art, Philosophy, and Sociology) and Mathematics generally keep stabilized, and a general trend of increasing linguistic complexity was observed for Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, and Psychology. The good performance of the pairwise writing style classifiers indicates a well discriminability of the writing styles between disciplines. A correlation between the performance of classifiers and the distance between disciplines was identified. The feature contribution analysis using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Kendall's Tau rank correlation revealed the detailed commonalities and disparities in disciplines’ linguistic features. This study provides profound insights into the understanding of scientific writing and norms, which further helps develop useful tools for academic text analysis, foster interdisciplinary communication, and assist educators to construct discipline-specific writing guidance.

Al-Qur’an-Based Paradigm in Science Integration at The Al-Qur’an Science University, Indonesia

The discourse on the integration of science and Islam is being realised through the establishment of various Islamic religious universities in Indonesia. One of the Islamic universities that accommodates this discourse is the Al-Qur’an Science University, Central Java, Indonesia (UNSIQ). This study aims to examine the basic concept of scientific integration at the UNSIQ and critically analyses the academic tradition and research development patterns based on the Lakatos research development pattern, both of which are hard-core and auxiliary hypotheses. This research shows that the scientific base at the UNSIQ has been structured in an awareness that supports the establishment of a distinctive academic tradition and scientific culture in the framework of al-Qur’an-based academic knowledge. However, research as auxiliary hypotheses in building scientific paradigm is still limited in certain disciplines and needs to be improved. This needs to be a common concern in order to increase the scientific base of the Syajarah al-Qur’an into a solid scientific paradigm.Contribution: This research figured out that the scientific base at the UNSIQ has been structured in an awareness that supports the establishment of a distinctive academic tradition and scientific culture, but this scientific base needs to be supported by research plan and researches in various disciplines. Thus, those researches become the auxiliary hypotheses to build a particular scientific paradigm of this university.

Converting dramatic text to screen language

The purpose of the article. The study considers film adaptation as a way of interpreting a literary text written for stage production by means of cinematography. The article focuses on the role of the director, his own vision of events and characters in the process of transcoding a work of art into the language of cinema. The features of the dramatic text (monologues, dialogues, author’s remarks, description of characters, division of the work into scenes and acts), the means by which the dramatic work affects the viewer/recipient are highlighted. The article, based on the works of William Shakespeare “Macbeth” and Sophocles “Oedipus the King”, examines the originality of the transformation of a dramatic text into the language of cinema. The article outlines the theoretical basis of film poetry, which allowed directors and screenwriters to practically embody the film adaptation of stage drama. The results of the study showed that the dramatic text and its film interpretation indicate the author’s and director’s reception.
 The methodology. The author uses analysis (theoretical works on screenwriting and directing, research in the field of art history), observation (the creative process in cinema), comparison (the literary source and the finished film), systematization (techniques for transforming the dramatic literary source into a screen work), modeling the principles of directing and script. 
 The results of the research can be used in educational programs of art universities and creative workshops, as well as in the practical work of directors, screenwriters, cultural scientists, and art historians. The paper provides examples that form the basis for practical principles that can help in creating film adaptations based on plays.
 The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the study represents a unique scientific contribution, carrying out a thorough study of the process of transforming a dramatic work into a film script. It is important to note that this research goes beyond the script, delving into the essence of the director’s vision. It provides for a comprehensive understanding and systematization of various directing techniques used throughout the entire film adaptation process.

Локальні студії радянського повсякдення: досвід, уроки, виклики

The purpose of the article is an attempt to analyze the results of the activities of domestic researchers of the history of Soviet everyday life (historians, ethnologists, cultural scientists, anthropologists, sociologists, art critics), which were presented at seven all-Ukrainian scientific and theoretical seminars of the series «Everyday Life: Visions and Meanings», held at Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University M. Kotsyubynskyi during 2015-2023. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific, special-historical and interdisciplinary methods and tools of socio-cultural analysis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it attempts a primary (self) analysis and generalization of the local experience of the problematization of the Soviet past through the lens of everyday life. Conclusion. The initiative of the scientists of the Center for the Study of Everyday History of the Faculty of Vinnytsia Pedagogical University was launched in the context of the beginning of Russian aggression as a response to the request for an in-depth historical-anthropological and socio-cultural study of the (un)completed Soviet past through the visions and meanings of the life world of an ordinary Soviet person. Researchers of leading scientific institutions and higher educational institutions of Ukraine actively responded to the proposal of a scientific and theoretical dialogue between specialists. Some summaries of the journey can be expressed in several theses. First, the choice of topics for each subsequent seminar was not arbitrary. It is determined, on the one hand, by specific public requests and the professional readiness of researchers, and on the other hand, it arose from the specific interdisciplinary work of each previous seminar. Secondly, in Ukraine as result, a stable core of qualified researchers of the Soviet past from various scientific fields has formed, to which new generations of researchers are interested. Systematic scientific dialogues contributed to the expansion of the subject field of Soviet everyday life, deepened and improved the methodology of its study, significantly for the development of an adequate understanding and interpretation of the Soviet past.

Determinants of obesity in Latin America.

Obesity rates are increasing almost everywhere in the world, although the pace and timing for this increase differ when populations from developed and developing countries are compared. The sharp and more recent increase in obesity rates in many Latin American countries is an example of that and results from regional characteristics that emerge from interactions between multiple factors. Aware of the complexity of enumerating these factors, we highlight eight main determinants (the physical environment, food exposure, economic and political interest, social inequity, limited access to scientific knowledge, culture, contextual behaviour and genetics) and discuss how they impact obesity rates in Latin American countries. We propose that initiatives aimed at understanding obesity and hampering obesity growth in Latin America should involve multidisciplinary, global approaches that consider these determinants to build more effective public policy and strategies, accounting for regional differences and disease complexity at the individual and systemic levels.

Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, an Amateur Orologist on the Cusp between Romanticism and Positivism

Abstract Eugène Viollet-le-Duc is one of those architects who took an interest in science. His biography shows that, from a young age, he practiced arts and natural sciences. As a result, his love of landscape painting was related to geology. Throughout his career, he made analogies between architecture and living organisms. For instance, he compared his idea of architectural restoration to a paleontologist’s approach trying to piece back together an extinct animal. Looking at his library, however, shows that the scientific books he owned were rather general, except for the field of alpine geology, for which he took a particular interest. Yet this very interest was strongly defined by the objectives of the Club Alpin Français, which aimed at preserving and developing this natural heritage. Both romantic and positivist approaches were thus intertwined in Viollet-le-Duc’s scientific culture.

Information security narrative for cultural scientists, theorists and cultural workers

The purpose of the study is to determine the role, possibilities and theoretical principles of participation of cultural scientists, theorists and cultural workers in the development and implementation of measures to counter threats associated with the use of computer technologies and Internet communications. The subject of the study is the cultural narrative of scientific publications on information security in 2021–2023. The object of the study is the current risks to traditional values and identity caused by universal digital transformation and, after the start of a Special military operation in Ukraine in 2022, the aggravation of international relations with technologically leading countries and global Internet services based in the United States. The relevance of the topic is determined, in particular, by the approval by the Russian Government on December 22, 2022 of the «Concept of formation and development of the culture of information security of citizens of the Russian Federation». The research methodology is characterized by the application of a cultural paradigm (an approach to the culture of information security as a dynamic system of human activity), structural, functional and evolutionary methods. Publications in the journals HAC K1, K2 and Scopus Q1, Q2 were used as materials. The novelty of the article lies in the study of the potential of the cultural narrative of information security in solving the problem of forming a general civil culture of information security, professional and mass. The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Moscow State Pedagogical University on the topic of research «Cultural identity in the modern world: analytical models, methods of construction and forms of presentation» (state registration number AAAA-A19-119072590048-4). The result of the study is a conclusion about the increasing share and importance of socio-cultural factors in information security in comparison with technical ones. Cultural theory and cultural studies are defined as specialized disciplines for improving both professional and civil information security culture. The cultural paradigm of information security includes a system of interaction between the profile specialization of professional and general civil, mass culture of information security. The effectiveness of the creation of specialized training for cultural scientists, theorists and cultural workers in the field of professional and mass information security culture is predicted and proved.

Ferryman between two cultures: The calling of a historian of science

In well-established disciplines like history it is not common to find professionals who admit that they are driven by a “calling” or who say they have a “mission” to fulfill. In emerging disciplines, however, the situation is different: in order to gain recognition these new disciplines need highly driven practitioners, who’s calling enables them to overcome opposition or neglect from the side of the established disciplines. A clear example of such a practitioner with a mission in an emerging field of knowledge is the Dutch historian of science Eduard Jan Dijksterhuis (1892–1965). His career as a mathematics teacher, historical scholar, and public intellectual was marked by the desire to re-integrate science and mathematics in culture in general. Dijksterhuis regarded the history of science as a major instrument to bring about this ideal. His magnum opus, The Mechanization of the World Picture (first published in 1950 in Dutch; translated into English in 1961), was the culmination of a lifetime of writing in the service of a cultural vision that can still inspire our own generation.

The Impact of Human Resource Management on University Development

As competition in the education industry intensifies and the knowledge economy evolves, the significance of Human Resource Management (HRM) in university institutions. This study aims to explore how HRM affects the sustainable development and competitiveness improvement of universities. This article begins with a theoretical analysis to define the concept of HRM and its particular relevance within university education. The subsequent analysis examines the multi-dimensional framework of university development, encompassing its connotation, goals, and key influencing factors. The article further elaborates on the positive effects of HRM on university teaching quality, scientific research capabilities, organizational culture, and social services. On this basis, the main challenges currently faced by university HRM are discussed, such as talent mobility, institutional constraints, resource limitations, and internationalization pressure. Finally, optimization strategies are proposed, including building a scientific human resources system, enhancing talent training and development, fostering diversity among teaching staff, and improving decision-making efficiency and transparency. The conclusions of this study aim to provide strategic insights for university education managers to better utilize human resource advantages and promote the comprehensive and sustainable development of universities.

Effective Chinese-to-English biotic interpretation in ecotourism destinations: a corpus-based interdisciplinary study

Ecotourism interpretation pertains to vital public education regarding environmental conservation. At present, there is no professional standard or system for interpretation in this domain, which potentially hinders the goals of geoheritage, and species preservation. To address this shortcoming, two categories of ecotourism (flora and fauna), are selected and broken down into the three main interpretation issues: common biotic names, local Chinese biotic terms, and ecological processes. Effective Chinese-to-English interpretation is identified through analysis of interpreted texts and their originals, on the basis of which a taxonomy of reliable interpretation strategies is proposed. The main difficulties confronted were scientific terminology, sentence structure, and culture. This analysis presented adopts a corpus-based approach that systematically investigates the interpretation language used in geoparks, providing representative and comprehensive views into ecotourism interpretation. We found that, generally, literal interpretation can be used. However, other strategies are essential for achieving effective interpretations, particularly regarding textual representations of flora and fauna processes. Informed by Hu’s Eco-Translatology, a taxonomy of effective strategies is developed and recommended for use by ecotourism translators and interpreters.

Fatal feminisation: Problematising endocrine-disrupting chemicals in Denmark

While an average everyday life in Denmark is vastly permeated with – and reliant upon – endocrine-disrupting chemicals; these invisible, yet active and mobile, compounds are often viewed as agents of disturbance causing harm in bodies and ecosystems as well as blurring boundaries upholding the two-sex system. In this article, we investigate how endocrine-disrupting chemicals came into existence as a problem for policy in Denmark. Drawing on a feminist cultural science studies framework and Carol Bacchi’s ‘What’s the problem represented to be?’ (WPR) analytical approach, we ask how endocrine-disrupting chemicals are problematised and what troubled figures emerge out of this problematisation for the Danish government and experts to address. Our analysis shows that endocrine-disrupting chemicals become embedded in a fear of feminisation that positions men, unborn children, and non-human (male) animals as potential victims of chemical exposure. Meanwhile, the female consumer and the woman/mother emerge as especially responsible for managing endocrine-disrupting chemicals. The article concludes that while feminisation is positioned as destabilising the social order, embodied by the nuclear family of fatally feminised figures, toxicity is constructed as transgressing interspecies, intergenerational and national borders.

EEGManyPipelines: A Large-scale, Grassroots Multi-analyst Study of Electroencephalography Analysis Practices in the Wild.

The ongoing reproducibility crisis in psychology and cognitive neuroscience has sparked increasing calls to re-evaluate and reshape scientific culture and practices. Heeding those calls, we have recently launched the EEGManyPipelines project as a means to assess the robustness of EEG research in naturalistic conditions and experiment with an alternative model of conducting scientific research. One hundred sixty-eight analyst teams, encompassing 396 individual researchers from 37 countries, independently analyzed the same unpublished, representative EEG data set to test the same set of predefined hypotheses and then provided their analysis pipelines and reported outcomes. Here, we lay out how large-scale scientific projects can be set up in a grassroots, community-driven manner without a central organizing laboratory. We explain our recruitment strategy, our guidance for analysts, the eventual outputs of this project, and how it might have a lasting impact on the field.

RadioLab project: knowledge of radon gas in Italy

RadioLab is an Italian project, addressed to school-age people, and designed for the dissemination of scientific culture on the theme of environmental radioactivity, with particular regards to the importance of knowledge of radon gas exposure. The project is a nationwide initiative promoted by the National Institute of Nuclear Physics- INFN. First tool used by the project, and of immediate impact to assess the public awareness on radon, is the administration of the survey “do you know the radon gas?”. In the survey, together with the knowledge of radon and of its sources, information on personal, cultural and territorial details regarding the interviewees are also taken. Reasonably, the survey invests not only young people, but also their relatives, school workers and, gradually, the public. The survey is administrated during exhibitions or outreach events devoted to schools, but also open to the public. The survey is in dual form: printed and online. The online mode clearly leads RadioLab project even outside the school environment. Based on the results of the survey, several statistical analyses have been performed and many conclusions are drawn about the knowledge of the population on the radon risk. The RadioLab benefit and the requirement to carry on the project goals, spreading awareness of environmental radioactivity from radon, emerge. The dataset involves all twenty Italian regions and consists of 28,612 entries covering the 5-year period 2018–2022.

Science stories through a cultural lens: The effects of cultural framing of storytelling in the natural and social sciences

Storytelling is a critical element for the effective communication of science in online videos. However, its effect is not consistent across different cultures. Here, we review and examine cultural framing of storytelling used to communicate science, including social science, in online teaching videos. We found that students from high-context cultures engage more with online videos than do students from low-context cultures but, nevertheless, do more poorly in tests that measure knowledge obtained. Our findings highlight the need to consider the cultural framing of storytelling – cultural science communication – when communicating science to audiences from different cultures.

WIDER DEN ENGLISCH-WAHN. ERHALT DER MEHRSPRACHIGKEIT IN DER EUROPÄISCHEN WISSENSCHAFTSKULTUR AGAINST ENGLISCH DOMINATION. PRESERVING MULTILINGUALISM IN EUROPEAN SCIENTIFIC CULTURE

The problem of everyday scientific language is gaining in importance both in today's linguistic and language didactic research. It will also be central to today's science conception. From the perspective of the current Anglophone scientific community, the article discusses the effects of some standards in scientific practice – including the quantification culture – on publication practices and the associated displacement of the traditionally multilingual European scientific culture. In this context, some measures are discussed that can reduce the influence of English, e.g. in the humanities. In general, this also touches on the question of what effects the language changeover in science will have on smaller research communities and languages.

СИБИРСКИЙ ФИЛИАЛ ИНСТИТУТА НАСЛЕДИЯ: 30 ЛЕТ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ, СОХРАНЕНИЯ И ТРАНСЛЯЦИИ КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ В ОТРАЖЕНИИ ЮБИЛЕЙНЫХ ИЗДАНИЙ

Anniversary publications are part of commemorative practices, they clearly implement all the well–known socio-cultural functions of anniversary events - preserving, unifying, self-identifying and representative. The article presents the results of a problematic historiographical study revealing the representative function of jubilee publications. The specifics of understanding the history and heritage studies of the Siberian branch of the Institute of Heritage are revealed in the monographs "Science of Culture ..." (Moscow, 2017, 2022) and "Cultural studies in Siberia ..." (Moscow, Omsk, 2023).

Mechanisms of Scientist Spirit Communication for Building Scientific Culture in the Context of Deep Learning

Abstract With science and technology as the first productive forces, the construction of science and culture has gradually become an important indicator of national strength, and the competition around the construction of science and culture has intensified. In this study, we construct an LSTM behavior recognition model with multidimensional feature fusion from a deep learning perspective, aiming to identify the propagation of the scientist’s spirit through speech behavior. We deeply delve into the role of scientists’ spirits and utilize association rules to explore the relationship between the dissemination of scientists’ spirits and the construction of scientific culture. This paper’s recognition model achieves a recognition accuracy of 95.84% for innovative spirit communication behaviors and a recognition rate of 73.56% for dedication spirit communication behaviors. The recognition accuracy for the six spiritual communication behaviors of patriotism, innovation, truth-seeking, dedication, collaboration, and education is average, with an effective recognition rate of 86.05%. In summary, this study suggests a development strategy for scientists’ spiritual communication aimed at fostering the advancement of scientific culture. This strategy serves as a scientific benchmark for enhancing the development of scientific culture.