Cultural Paradigm Shift Research Articles

A Principal’s Approach to Leadership for Social Justice: Advancing Reflective and Anti-Oppressive Practices

This case study explores an urban elementary school principal’s efforts to advance reflective and anti-oppressive practices to counter teachers’ beliefs and behaviors toward their Black male students. Data collected and analyzed include five in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations of the school, classroom and professional learning meetings, and document analysis of policies, improvement plans, and weekly faculty agenda. The findings revealed that data-informed leadership was the impetus to the principal enacting social justice leadership, which involved anchoring systemic professional learning opportunities to teachers’ core values and beliefs and developing the collective consciousness of teachers individually and collectively. Lastly, the principal utilized strategies and instituted structures in and outside of the school to propel a cultural paradigm shift in how students in general, and Black males in particular, were served and cared for. Implications for principal professional learning and educational leadership preparation programs are shared. This article offers recommendations on how social justice leaders can coach teachers and advance practices that engender respect and dignity for Black male students.

Design of an ecosystem to foster systemic eco-innovation

The current global environmental situation, with its interconnected problems, requires holistic approaches to provide a cultural paradigm shift and a different economy to overcome the linear one. Systemic Design (SD) can represent a solution creating opportunities for eco- and system innovation, especially in the manufacturing sector, which will soon face a revolution in the production model. Thus, SD can help achieve environmental and economic sustainability at the local level. A multiple case study analysis on SD projects was developed to understand the significant eco-entrepreneurial opportunities that have emerged and the barriers for their implementation. Finally, an ecosystem is designed to foster systemic innovation based on helix innovation models and identify the facilitator for its creation, namely, the ‘local systemic network booster’.

The Evolution of The Vampire From A Gruesome Gothic Creature To A Superstar Of Popular Culture With Reference To The Vampire Diaries Tv Series

A vampire is a mythological-folkloric creature that is said to feed on the blood of the living. It is a Gothic uncanny figure. So judging by the outlook, a vampire is not a figure with whom we should fall in love with. But judging by the current trends in popular culture, it is not true so. Though vampires were once portrayed as gruesome and horrible, with the passage of time, change in trends and paradigm shift in popular culture, they have been naturalized as normal. They have even attained celebrity status. The evolution of the vampire from a gruesome Gothic figure to a superstar of popular culture goes through a process of three stages-
 
 Accepting the Vampire as Normal and Natural
 ‘Celebritizing’ the Vampire and Making a Star out of Him
 Narrative Technique or Storytelling of Vampire Texts

Avatars of Latin Schooling: Recycling Memories of Latin Classes in Western Poetry: Five Paradigmatic Cases

This paper tries to elucidate the significance of Latin schooling for the production of poetry by lining up five typical cases of recycling Roman texts, from the Middle Ages to the twentieth century. The French poet Baudri de Bourgueil (ca 1050–1130) rewrote Ovid’s Heroides 16–17 within a cultural context, characteristic of the incipient “Ovidian age,” aetas ovidiana, based on classroom practices such as paraphrase, accessus and glosses, presupposing a sense of historical continuity – or translatio studii et imperii – from Antiquity down to the twelfth century. In his great work, The Comedy, the Florentine Dante Alighieri (1265–1321) reused Ovid in a quite different way, representative of the allegorizing tendencies noticeable in Italy and France towards the end of the Ovidian age. The Early Modern motto ad fontes, on the other hand, presupposed a breach between ancient and present times, none the less possible (and surely commendable) to bridge by means of imitation within the framework of studia humanitatis and a new philological culture, made possible by the printing press. This cultural paradigm shift is illustrated by a look at a famous sonnet by the Spanish Golden Age poet Francisco de Quevedo (1580–1645). Finally, our modern and postmodern era, characterized by an ambivalent attitude to the classical heritage, is represented by the Anglo-American poet T.S. Eliot (1888–1965) and his Swedish successor Hjalmar Gullberg (1898–1961), both of whom remembered their Latin classes in their mature poetry, marked by irony, distance and, probably, nostalgia.

Multi-Culturalism in Education: A Critical Assessment of the Impact of Colonization and Globalization on Indigenous Africa Values

This paper undertook a philosophical assessment of the impact of colonization and globalization on the indigenous African value systems. It focused on the problem of acculturation resulting from the introduction of alien and alienating philosophy of education by colonial authorities, and lately that of globalization. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of colonial education, and globalization with their attendant cultural dynamics on contemporary Africa. Our method is non empirical but critical in nature and as such uses no quantifiable data. Findings revealed that the colonial imposition of western culture through western education in Africa has brought about a cultural paradigm shift resulting in the bastardization of African cultural values. The paper further highlighted that the forces of globalization, though highly beneficial in some respects, are quite inimical to indigenous cultural values that were transmitted through traditional education. It concluded that multicultural education has a latitudinal effect on our thought patterns with the tendency of creating pluralistic value perspectives and moral crisis. The work recommended some remedial measures that could help curriculum planners in Africa promote an Afro-centric, value-based educational system. It suggested, for example, the principle of moderate liberalism which implies the sifting of wheat from the chaff when it comes to multicultural education and cultural values, by taking into consideration the relevant contemporary existential needs of the various African peoples. You should mention the adopted theoretical framework in your abstract. Key Words: Multiculturalism, education, colonization, globalization, philosophy

Mentoring leaders across race and gender lines: Insight from US Army officers

The importance of mentoring to career development is well recognized; yet practice does not always follow theory, often to the exclusion of minorities and women. Interviews with 13 US Army officers representing various backgrounds highlighted several inequities that have been reported in previous organizational research. The inquiry also emphasized the need for organizational leaders to create a common operating picture to improve the execution of their mentoring programs, ensure ongoing mentoring throughout staff members' careers, and identify and eliminate barriers to mentoring based on race or gender. Although such efforts may require a paradigm shift in organizational practices and culture, they are essential to ensuring equity in the workplace, robust leadership development, a high level of commitment and performance, and success at all levels.

Transforming Perspective on Older Adults: Conceptualizing the “Silver Tsunami” as a Cultural Paradigm Shift

Older adults need to be seen as their own diverse group. An older adult's uniqueness comes from vast life experiences and an insidiously changing physiology that impact quality of life and health outcomes. Nurse educators in clinical and classroom settings with baccalaureate student nurses can set an example for approaching the care of older adults as a nursing specialty as is done with pediatrics, maternal/child and psychiatric nursing. Assessing, planning, and implementation of care for this special population needs to be creative and unique in order to fit the needs of the older adult. Older adults present illnesses atypically. Their physiologies often buckle under traditional health care’s ‘one size fits all’, reactive focus on care. Also the specter of ageism can cloud clinicians’ perspective and color their approach to care due to more deep seated beliefs that are reflected in American society. Simply, most elders walk into hospitals and leave on gurneys because their complex, co-morbid conditions are misunderstood by a health care system devoted to single entity illness and a visceral fear of mortality. In order to care for this special population, health care must adopt a new think, a personalized, proactive approach. Health care needs a paradigm shift…a culture change.

Marketing Intelligence and Big Data: Digital Marketing Techniques on their Way to Becoming Social Engineering Techniques in Marketing

This contribution reviews the vast scope of digital application areas, which shape the digital marketing landscape and coin the present term “marketing intelligence” from a marketing technique point of view. Additionally, marketing intelligence as social engineering techniques are described. The review ranges from digital IT- and big data marketing until marketing 5.0 as digitalized trust marketing. The multiplicity of applications and interdependencies of the digital and social techniques reviewed should show that big data and marketing intelligence have already become a marketing reality. It becomes clear that marketing is witnessing a methodological, technical and cultural paradigm shift that augments and amplifies traditional outbound marketing with inbound marketing.

Exploring The Development of Intercultural Competence of Korean Language Learners at University Level

2018. 대학 수준의 한국어 학습자의 상호문화 간 소통역량 발전 연구. 국제한국어교육 4(2). 49-79. 2000년대 초부터 영국을 비롯한 유럽에서의 한국어교육은 학습자들의 수는 물론 교육 교육프로그램을 제공하는 기관의 수에서 크게 발전하였다. 또한 세계화에 따른 이동의 편리함 등으로 인해 단기연수 혹은 교환학생 프로그램 등을 통해 한국의 언어와 문화를 경험하는 학생들의 수도 매우 증가하였다. 이에 따라 서로 다른 문화 차이를 이해하고 소통할 수 있는 능력인 상호문화간 소통역량(Intercultural Competence)이 언어교육에서 중요한 능력 중하나로 떠오르게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 문화간 감수성 발달이론 (Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity, DMIS)에 기초하여 상호문화적 역량의 정도를 알아보는 척도인 IDI (Intercultural Development Inventory)를 이용해서 영국의 대학교에서 한국어를 공부 하는 1학년 학습자들의 상호문화적 역량이 1년 사이에 어떻게 발전하는지 알아보고 어떠한 변인들이 이 변화에 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 학습자들은 대체로 상호문화적 역량이 일부 발전했으나 그차이는 통계적으로 의미가 있지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 한국어 프로그 램을 시작하기 전의 다른 외국어 학습경험은 학습자들의 초기 상호문화적 역량에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났지만 그 외에 해외 체류 경험이나 재학 기간 중 한국 사람들과의 교류경험 변인은 영향을 미치지 않았다. 본 연구 결과를 바탕으로 전반적인 대학 한국문화교육 커리큘 럼과 특히 교환학생 프로그램 전후에 상호문화간 역량을 키울 수 있는 프로그램의 적극적인 개발 필요성과 문화지식의 전달자가 아닌 학생들이 직접 자신의 경험과 지식을 통합하고 해석할 수 있도록 도와줄 수있는 ‘문화적 지도자’로서의 한국어 교사역할의 필요성을 논의하였다. (소아스, 런던대학교)Hyejin Jang. 2018. Exploring The Development of Intercultural Competence of Korean Language Learners at University Level. International Journal of Korean Language Education 4(2), 49-79. This paper sought to explore the development of first-year undergraduate students who took Korean at a university in London. Firstly, it looks at how the proliferation of contemporary Korean culture shaped the new landscape of Korean language education and how the notion of intercultural competence (IC) has emerged in an era of globalisation. Secondly, it examines overall issues in culture teaching and how the concept of ‘intercultural’ has developed in the context of KFL. Next, it presents research data on the IC development of undergraduate Korean language students in the UK and examines variables that might correlate to its development. The research findings revealed that the degree to which KL students develop their IC varies; although some gained IC to some degree, there were some participants who experienced a significant regress, which brought the average down as a consequence. Of variables, foreign language learning experience significantly correlated with the initial level of IC whereas experience of living abroad and intercultural interaction with Korean speakers did not show a significant correlation. The research finding advocates that KL students’ IC should be facilitated and intervened in the classroom. Also, it suggests pre- and post- Study Abroad programme with a special focus on IC that will guide throughout the entire Study Abroad experience. Lastly, it suggests a paradigm shift in culture teaching from teaching-centred to learning-centred and proposes cultural mentors who play the role of a guide and co-researchers in the students’ culture learning process. (SOAS, University of London)

The Culturogenesis of the Historical Turns

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Editor’s Note

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Paradigm shift in studio culture

Paradigm shift in studio culture

Indian Science Culture Needs a Paradigm Shift.

There is a general impression in the scientific community in our country that the way science is taught, leant and the work culture of research and management of academic and research institutions is not conducive to cutting edge research, innovation and making world leaders. Mentoring continues to be poor with some exceptions. Very often, senior scientists with long innings in science teaching and research express anguish at the status quo in spite of a number of policy documents and recommendations for change. Indian science culture (teaching, research as well as administration) is a matter of prime concern and the issues cannot be pushed under the carpet if we desire a qualitative change. Most of the institutions of higher learning churn out graduates and post graduates who are largely unemployable. There are concerns on the number of Ph.Ds and not on the quality of Ph.D. One major consequence of the weak post graduates and Ph.Ds is the non-availability of competent faculty. Weakness and lack of interest in science learning starts from school. Learning continues to be by rote which is the prime reason for our low global rank in science and mathematics competence. Teaching and research apart there are umpteen other issues in over all culture of institutions and universities engaged in science teaching and research. Few oases of excellence are exceptions in the vast pool of mediocrity. Some points which need prime attention are: adoption of a tenure track system on the pattern of US institutions; feedback on and evaluation of teaching and mentoring; bottom up approach for candid feedback on issues which require long term solutions for efficiency and sound deliverables, cultivating the culture of working in front line areas, full transparency in working and an all out exit from culture of feudalism. This transformation needs commitment on the part of the politicians who man the respective departments of science education, research and human resource development. I am sure such a cultural change and paradigm shift from the status quo does not need extra funds and can be surely ushered in without money.

PARADIGM SHIFTS IN THE PERCEPTIONS OF DEATH IN SHONA LITERARY CREATIONS

This article aims to establish a paradigm shift in the way Shona traditional culture perceives death and funeral proceedings and in the manner that literary creations that were published before Zimbabwe attained political independence in 1980, perceive the same aspects. The article will also establish that there has been a paradigm shift in the manner that literary creations which were published before independence and those that were published after independence treat death and funeral proceedings. Thus, the article will establish that Shona culture perceives death and funeral proceedings as painful but not as monstrous and fearsome. Although that is the case in Shona culture, those Zimbabweans of Shona expression who created literature before independence view death and funeral proceedings as both painful and monstrous. However, some literary creations, which were published after independence, treat death and funeral proceedings as neither painful nor fearsome. In fact, there is a tendency by writers of Shona expression who published literary works after independence, to treat death and funeral proceedings as if they are natural and normal occurrences. They at times depict them as if they are lucrative life experiences and proceedings. The article has been written on the understanding that the paradigm shift in the manner death and funeral proceedings are treated in literary creations is indicative of some metamorphosis that Shona culture is undergoing as politico-economic and socio-cultural conditions and circumstances change in relation to the changing eras of Zimbabwe's history.

The welfare culture and the redesign of social elder-care in Finland

The welfare culture consists of doctrines and ideologies, beliefs, ideas, values and ideal norms that various groups and actors in the society have concerning the welfare state. The new ways of thinking, which are derived from the cultural turn and paradigm shift in social sciences, is in actual environments influenced and strengthened by economic and social changes, and also by the increasing number of old people. The Nordic welfare model (Denmark, Fin-land, Norway and Sweden), which is distinct from the other welfare models, is because of its basic ideological foundation, which also pertains to Finland, the general frame for the welfare culture. The characteristics of the environments in which people live, such as risks and uncertainties, impact thoughts and ideas they have about actual and preferred conditions, and influence the interest in renewal of welfare arrangements, schemes and services. Following this lead, we examine the changes in the legislation concerning social eldercare services and changes in provision and use of elder-care services in Finland. We also examine the division of responsibility for social eldercare between the public and private sector. Because the welfare arrangements are embedded in a complex cultural context, the research helps us to understand the shaping of the social eldercare. Great changes in the Finnish eldercare in favour of care at home or in a home-like environment have taken place. The goal “more home care, less institutional care” will serve even in the future as guidance in social eldercare.

Peran Budaya Organisasi Birokrasi dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Pelayanan Publik

This article aims to analyze the paradigm shift in the government bureaucracy organization's culture of innovation. In fact, innovation has given a change space and also has a real value in the culture of government organization. This can be proved by the countries in the Asian region continuously make the country become more advanced in their environment. This concept would affect bureaucratic reform in the context of Indonesia. Innovation in the cultural role of bureaucratic organization aims to improve the performance in public services optimally by not changing its identity as professional waiters, which also means changing the mindset of the bureaucratic apparatus more open and adapt to change circumstances within the bureaucracy and as a result of the higher development of science and technology science.

The welfare culture and the redesign of social elder-care in Finland

The welfare culture consists of doctrines and ideologies, beliefs, ideas, values and ideal norms that various groups and actors in the society have concerning the welfare state. The new ways of thinking, which are derived from the cultural turn and paradigm shift in social sciences, is in actual environments influenced and strengthened by economic and social changes, and also by the increasing number of old people. The Nordic welfare model (Denmark, Fin-land, Norway and Sweden), which is distinct from the other welfare models, is because of its basic ideological foundation, which also pertains to Finland, the general frame for the welfare culture. The characteristics of the environments in which people live, such as risks and uncertainties, impact thoughts and ideas they have about actual and preferred conditions, and influence the interest in renewal of welfare arrangements, schemes and services. Following this lead, we examine the changes in the legislation concerning social eldercare services and changes in provision and use of elder-care services in Finland. We also examine the division of responsibility for social eldercare between the public and private sector. Because the welfare arrangements are embedded in a complex cultural context, the research helps us to understand the shaping of the social eldercare. Great changes in the Finnish eldercare in favour of care at home or in a home-like environment have taken place. The goal “more home care, less institutional care” will serve even in the future as guidance in social eldercare.

Detained and Dying: Ethical Issues Surrounding End-of-Life Care in Prison

ABSTRACTPrisons are increasingly being called upon to provide end-of-life (EOL) care within the restrictive correctional environment. Several relatively recent phenomena have brought medical ethics to the forefront of prison EOL care—including aging behind bars, a paradigm shift in prison culture, the increasing rate of in-prison deaths, and the corresponding prison hospice movement. This article examines prominent ethical issues that emerge for prison personnel who are tasked with providing care to terminally ill offenders by presenting three offender composite characters that exemplify dying offenders and emergent ethical issues surrounding their care. Identification and critical analysis of these ethical issues demonstrate the need for strong commitment to ethical practice and highlights specific issues for prisons to examine in their own EOL care practice.

Bio-cultural anchorage of the prickly pear cactus in Tlalnepantla (Morelos), Mexico

The prickly pear cactus is a source of food with strong bio-cultural anchorage in Mexico. This is due to at least three factors: 1) the nature and heritage of cacti; 2) cultural heritage; and 3) the socio-cultural relationships with historical and symbolic roots that have facilitated knowledge of how to cultivate it and how to use it. The aim of this article is to put factors of territorial anchorage and its historical transformation in context by examining the case of the municipality of Tlalnepantla in the state of Morelos, Mexico. This community has experienced accelerated change due to the exchange of traditional crops for the prickly pear cactus and the integration of farming, commercialization and agro-transformation. Our hypothesis is that the market, internal conflicts and a lack of socio-institutional coordination have put social organization into crisis, favoring the territorial spread of the prickly pear cactus and making the Local Agro-Food Systems (LAFS) of Tlalnepantla less competitive. The conclusions highlight important economic and social advances whose roots lie in the strengthening and anchorage of the territory-product. However, circumstances both internal and external to the community persist, such as intra-community conflicts, the international market and cultural paradigm shifts that affect the producers and put consolidation of the LAFS at risk.