Russian Cultural Heritage Research Articles

Scientific-Practical Enhancement Principles for the Long-Term Stability of Cultural Heritage Objects through a Multi-Component Underground Space Analysis

This article presents approaches for enhancing engineering-geological and geotechnical research for the restoration and reconstruction projects of cultural heritage objects in St. Petersburg’s historical center. According to the Venice Charter, an interdisciplinary approach is recommended for developing a preservation program for cultural heritage objects. The authors consider the underground space as a multi-component system, where soils are a host medium for underground water with specific composition, complex physicochemical and biochemical conditions, the presence and vigorous activity of microorganisms, gases of various origins, and underground bearing and enclosing structures. The last of these components is crucial for the long-term stability of historical and cultural objects, as they interact in complex with water-saturated soils and microorganisms. This approach is not to be found in Russian cultural heritage preservation regulations. In engineering-geological and geotechnical research, multi-component underground space should be studied at the regional, local, and object levels. Assessing redox conditions in the underground environment is crucial for understanding the state of its components. Moreover, this can trigger hazardous processes such as changes in the stress–strain state and unconsolidation of the soil layer due to the generation of low-solubility gases and biocorrosion of ancient and modern building materials, causing premature destruction. Recommendations are provided for carrying out engineering-geological and geotechnical research based on cultural heritage objects, considering the multi-component underground space and features of its geoenvironmental state due to the long-term contamination and transformation of its components.

Попытка устроения пещерного монастыря в слободе Калач Воронежской губернии в конце XIX — начале XX в.

Kalach caves dug out in a chalk relic in the town of Kalach, Voronezh region, is an underinvestigated historical and cultural heritage site. The archive materials found in the funds of RSHA, together with evidence of local people, provide insight into the final period of the cult dungeon functioning in the late XIX – early XX centuries. At that time the rural community of Kalach made an attempt to establish there an official orthodox cave monastery. On the 11th of August, 1885, residents of Kalach authorized peasants Ivan Serjakov, Matvey Bezugly and Gavriil Lebedinsky to solicit different authorities for a monastery foundation. The community also allocated 1300 roubles and 36 dessiatines of land area for the monastery arrangement. The rural community request was examined in Voronezh Ecclesiastical Consistory, Voronezh Provincial Government, Voronezh Provincial Peasant Council and in the Second (Peasant) Senate Department. The attempt was not successful, it encountered resistance of authorities. Meanwhile the cave diggers managed to accommodate the caves and arrange regular divine service by the local secular clergy. Functioning of the caves as a sacred locus for the rural community was interrupted by revolution events of early XX century. At present Kalach caves are put on Russian cultural heritage register.

Использование текстов русских народных песен в преподавании иностранного языка в неязыковом вузе

The professional activities of the Arts faculty graduates are largely associated with the promotion of the cultural heritage of the peoples of Russia. This research paper reveals the potential of the discipline “Foreign Language” in teaching values of Russian folk culture to the university students. The purpose of the study is to consider the possibility of using translations of Russian folk songs lyrics in foreign language classes. The Russian folk songs served as a basis for improving language skills and abilities, as well as introducing the students to the national picture of the world displayed in the lyrics, to their imagery and symbolism. The paper outlines three stages of working with the songs, including pre-text, text and post-text tasks. Different types of assignments for each stage are presented. Apart from the development of receptive and productive language skills, the given tasks help analyze the ways of transmitting specific words, images, symbols, lexical and syntactic expressive means by means of the English language. While doing the proposed assignments, the students get acquainted with the rich Russian cultural heritage. As the study has proven, the use of song lyrics contributes to the development of students’ creative abilities, increases their motivation to learn a foreign language, and facilitates acquisition of general and professional competencies of future cultural workers. The assignments presented in the article have practical application and can be used in foreign language classes for students of different academic programmes.

From geopolitical fault-line to frontline city: changing attitudes to memory politics in Kharkiv under the Russo-Ukrainian war

The article investigates changing attitudes to memory politics in Ukrainian city of Kharkiv. In February 2022, with the outbreak of the full-scale Russo-Ukrainian war, this geopolitical fault-line city became a frontline city with significant potential outcomes for urban identity and local geopolitical preferences, including attitudes to the national memory politics. The research is based on the comparative analysis of the two surveys among residents of Kharkiv, conducted in spring-summer 2018 and in autumn 2022 – before and after the full-scale war. The results of the surveys are analysed by means of descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. Additionally, two focus groups were held in order to receive additional justification when interpreting the results of the survey. The research shows that the attitudes to Ukrainian nation-centric memory narrative, including both decommunisation and decolonisation, have significantly improved. Nevertheless, public attitudes to the memory politics in the frontline city are highly reflexive in nature and deeply embedded in the context of the ongoing war. The geopolitical divide, which existed before the war, has largely transformed into a cultural one, namely heterogeneity of attitudes to the Russian cultural heritage in the city. This softened albeit still existing divide has, to some extent, materialised in physical space and runs between the ardent supporters of decommunisation and decolonisation that massively fled from the atrocities of the war and their opponents who at most choose (or were obliged) to stay in the front-line city. The study reveals that military conflicts may either activate hidden geopolitical divides in geopolitical fault-line cities or contribute to their transformation or even disappearance.

International law and cultural heritage of Russia

Russian experience of studying and preserving cultural heritage is considered in the context of the most important international documents of UNESCO and ICOMOS. The author emphasizes the most important methodological importance of international documents and traces their influence on the principles and directions of monument protection in Russia. The problem of "authenticity" is highlighted, which is particularly relevant and controversial among the restoration community. The author posed the problem of studying and preserving the "intangible" heritage, which is in demand today.

Engineering problems of restoration. Protection of historic buildings from negative environmental impact

The relevance of the study is due to the problem of preservation of historical and cultural heritage of Russia and the city of Tomsk in particular.Purpose: The aim of the paper is to draw attention to the disturbance of the structural integrity of architectural monuments such as transport vibrations and stray earth currents.Methodology/approach: Field studies of the architectural monument of the Church of St. Alexander Nevsky in Tomsk; the analysis of the city plan in the area of Gertsen and Sovetskaya Streets; measures proposed for the monument protection from negative influences of the urban environment. Originality: The paper proposes protection measures for the Church of St. Alexander Nevsky of the regional importance from vibrations and stray earth currents generated by trams moving in the vicinity of the Church.Practical implications: Recommendations are given for eliminating the negative impact of transport vibrations on architectural monuments on the example of the Church of St. Alexander Nevsky in Tomsk.

Library and Information Activity on Promoting Historical and Cultural Heritage Among the Youth

The article defines the main directions of library and information activities to popularize the historical and cultural heritage among the youth; the problems of cultural values influence on the spiritual and moral development of young people are considered. It is stated that in working with youngsters to promote the historical and cultural heritage of Russia, traditional and innovative forms of enlightenment and educational practices remain in demand. The mechanisms for promoting cultural values of the country in the educational, cultural and leisure activities of library institutions are revealed on the example of the State Universal Scientific Library of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The experience of the regional library in the implementation of social and cultural projects aimed at forming the national and civic identity of young people is reflected. It is indicated that the socio-cultural design of the library is a unique technology that can systematically perform operations and procedures, ensure the reliability of results, and the flexibility of implementation. The features of the organization of project activities are highlighted - information, consulting and subscription services, information support for self-education of participants in each project. The creation in the library of the historical and cultural space “The Book Heritage of Krasnoyarsk”, which during the project contributed to the convergence of the value orientations of young people and older people, made it possible to use diverse innovative forms of promoting cultural and historical heritage. It is noted that the library projects helped to convey to the youth the cultural traditions of the peoples of Russia, the Krasnoyarsk Territory, brought the organization of educational events to upgrade the book culture to a higher qualitative level, created conditions for the use of modern technologies. Project initiatives result in the library becoming a powerful tool for the cultural and reproductive activities of young people in mastering the most important achievements of Russian culture through access to information resources, the main component of which is the book.

Формирование и развитие патриотизма у будущих управленцев: философско-методологические и праксиологические аспекты

The article reveals the philosophical, methodological and praxeological aspects of the formation and development of patriotism among students studying in the specialty “State and municipal management”. The research methodology, based on the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, includes: 1) a semiotic method that allows us to consider patriotic traditions not only as a symbolic, but also as a communicative phenomenon; 2) comparative method; 3) situational analysis. Patriotism is considered by the authors as a moral and socio-ethical category, which is a dialectical combination of intellectual-rational and mental-spiritual components. Based on this understanding, the authors are conducting practical work on the formation and education of patriotism among future managers within the walls of the Orenburg branch of the RANEPA. This work includes: 1) the formation of historical memory through the familiarization of students with the history of the Fatherland within the walls of the university and participation in extracurricular patriotic events; 2) familiarization with the richest Russian cultural heritage; 3) fostering love for the small motherland, one's native land; 4) industrial practice of future managers as the most realistic way to introduce them to professional activities.

Criteria of Museum Colour and Luminous Environment Concept Selection

The article formulates the criteria of selection of the colour and luminous concept in museums of different profiles with focus on visitors of exhibition halls. The amount of light and the quality of illumination solution are important parameters affecting preservation of pieces of art, perception of museum environment, and capability to research any exhibit. Showcase illumination requires not only meeting exhibit lighting standards, but also balancing showcase illumination with general hall lighting. If daylighting is present, the problem becomes more complicated: it is necessary to select illuminance and luminance levels, locations of showcases and exhibits in them. For demonstration and convenient perception of paintings, it is important to create a comfortable illumination solution, to fill the space with light, to select appropriate contrast. Cultural heritage of Russia is huge, and, naturally, no exhibition may consist of exhibits of the same light resistance category. Annual luminous exposure may help find a solution for lighting design in this case. Light and shadow are inseparable, that combination gives a perspective of volume and texture of a piece of art. But shadow may distort exhibit perception therefore it is necessary to work with it. Another complication and, at the same time, a limitless area for creativity is using and/or limiting daylighting. Lighting design depends on the goals and objectives of a project.

Культурно-исторический аспект функционирования права

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problem of the functioning of law in the cultural and historical aspect. Attention is focused on the fact that the problem posed has not only theoretical, but also practical significance. Using the example of an appeal to the materials of the VIII Parliamentary Forum «Historical and Cultural Heritage of Russia», where the issues of preserving and multiplying the components of Russian cultural achievements were discussed, it is emphasized that in the course of preserving the historical and cultural heritage of Russia, it is possible to form a national idea. Moreover, lawyers should play an important role in this work, relying on the cultural, historical and other functions of law to provide legal support for this noble activity.

The Prince Nikolay Konstantinovich Romanov’s personal library: The provenance and existence in Turkestan in the late 19th – early 20th century

The authors revive the history of the Prince Nikolay Romanov’s personal library, its presence in Turkestan, and characterize its features. They define the role of the owner as an educator, researcher, and bibliophile. The article is based on the periodicals, academic papers, memoirs, letters and archival materials of that period. The main methods applied were historical bibliological analysis, and visual observation of library and archival collections. The archival documents being introduced into scientific discourse enable to investigate into the matters related to selection principle, ex libris and inscripts. The Grand Duke Romanov’s book collection can be partially reconstructed with the collections of A. Navoi National Library of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences Fundamental Library. The study expands the knowledge of the Prince’s personal library, of his scientific interest and reading preferences. The findings will be interesting to the researchers of the Russian emigration, book and library historians. The authors conclude that Grand Duke Nikolay Romanov was a philanthropist, researcher, and bibliophile. His personal book collection is of great value for study and preservation of Russian cultural heritage in the Republic of Uzbekistan.

On the Issue of Methodology for Evaluating Resource Potential of Archaeological Sites in the System of Means Aimed at to Popularize Historical and Cultural Heritage of Russia’s Regions

Introduction. The task of the study is to identify and characterize the means of popularization of the regional historical and cultural heritage on the example of archaeological monuments of Volgograd Oblast. Taking into account the need to diversify regional cultural and educational tourism, to actualize new practices in heritage tourism we consider it necessary to focus on the archaeological heritage unique for most regions. Due to its interactivity and the possibility of combining several forms of recreational and cultural and cognitive activities, archaeological tourism can also become one of the most promising forms of promotion of cultural and historical heritage. Developing a methodology for assessing the archaeological potential of the region in the field of tourism will allow us to understand the principle of formation of a unique geo-cultural image of the region as the basis of cultural and historical framework. Methods. Assessment of the archaeotourism potential of Volgograd Oblast is possible with a combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Weighted Linear Combination (WLC), and applied methods, such as the questionnaire and Geographic Information System (GIS). Analysis. We identified the criteria for assessing the archaeotourism potential of the region the number of which can be limited to 1 quantitative and 7 qualitative indicators ranked on an assessment scale with 4 rating points – 0, 2, 4 and 5. Since the selected evaluation criteria play an unequal role in the formation of the tourist potential of the territory, it was necessary to determine the weighted coefficients for each of them. Results. The development of archaeological tourism acting as the most accessible and most popular forms of popularization of cultural heritage will be provided by the development of the territory’s historical and cultural framework based on a comprehensive assessment of the tourist potential of the region. The methodology was proposed in the framework of this study. Authors’ contribution. V.A. Zolotovskiy prepared the part devoted to the actualization and identification of the research topic. P.I. Lysikov developed an adequate methodology for assessing the archaeotourism potential of the Volgograd Oblast.

К вопросу о перспективных формах развития археологического туризма

The purpose of the paper is to identify high-potential organizational forms and developmental prospects of archaeological tourism in the Russian Federation. Despite the obvious importance of archaeological tourism for cultural and educational touristic activities, it is still underdeveloped in Russia. The reason might be a vague doctrinal understanding of archaeological tourism features. Educational and protective essence of archeological tourism in the field of cultural heritage preservation seems to be underestimated. Furthermore, low involvement of the State in the development and promotion of archaeological heritage can be observed. Several forms of archaeological tourism development can be currently distinguished in the global tourist market, including Education and Research based Archaeological Tourism mainly non-profit oriented and Culture and Recreation based Archaeological Tourism commercial in its nature. The authors of the paper consider complex archaeological cultural sites in the form of Archaeological Parks to be one of the most effective forms of archaeological tourism development. Open Archaeological Funds are another high-potential organizational form aiming at preserving and promoting Russian cultural heritage. Government regulation and conceptualization of the archaeological tourism development are also required in order to specify means of archaeological tourism stimulation demand and mechanisms for facilitating interaction between subjects and removing existing obstacles.

In Stravinsky’s Orbit: Responses to Modernism in Russian Paris, by Klára Móricz

Book Review| August 01 2022 In Stravinsky’s Orbit: Responses to Modernism in Russian Paris, by Klára Móricz In Stravinsky’s Orbit: Responses to Modernism in Russian Paris, by KláraMóricz. California Studies in 20th-Century Music. Oakland: University of California Press, 2020. xiv, 310 pp. Marina Frolova-Walker Marina Frolova-Walker Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the American Musicological Society (2022) 75 (2): 379–384. https://doi.org/10.1525/jams.2022.75.2.379 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Marina Frolova-Walker; In Stravinsky’s Orbit: Responses to Modernism in Russian Paris, by Klára Móricz. Journal of the American Musicological Society 1 August 2022; 75 (2): 379–384. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/jams.2022.75.2.379 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentJournal of the American Musicological Society Search Klára Móricz’s composers were émigrés, most of them leaving Russia after the October Revolution. Today, many Russians are on the move again, ready to face a lengthy if not permanent exile after the invasion of Ukraine and the ebbing of the freedoms that had been introduced in the 1990s. Like the old émigrés, many were already in the West but keeping open the possibility of return, while others are hurriedly leaving, unwilling to be silent, but facing isolation, persecution, and poverty if they speak out. Russian society is splitting into “patriots” and, in diminishing numbers, “traitors.” At their computer keyboards, they exchange quotations from Russian literature: Tyutchev and Dostoyevsky for the “patriots,” Saltykov-Shchedrin, Chekhov, Rozanov for the “traitors,” both sides claiming vindication from the Russian cultural heritage. While comparisons can be drawn between Russian émigrés of today and their counterparts of a hundred years ago, we should not press them... You do not currently have access to this content.

Модель формирования социокультурной компетенции у иностранных военнослужащих при изучении русского языка

The purpose of the research is to substantiate from a theoretical perspective the model of sociocultural competence formation in foreign military specialists during the preparation course at a military university when learning Russian as a foreign language. The research is novel in that it creates a model of sociocultural competence formation in foreign military specialists, which is built on a level-based approach to teaching the culture of the target language country. The paper describes the organisational and pedagogical conditions of the sociocultural approach to teaching Russian to foreign military personnel, reveals the stages and principles of language teaching as a means of communicating Russian cultural heritage. The content of sociocultural competence can be presented in the form of sociocultural knowledge, experience of communication in Russian, personal attitude to cultural elements, the knowledge of how to use the culture-specific vocabulary of the Russian language in speech in various spheres of communication. As a result, it has been proved that the developed model of sociocultural competence formation in foreign military specialists during the preparation course at a military university is an important foundation for building a methodology for teaching the culture of the Russian language.

Астраханский Архиерейский хор в концертах духовной музыки

In the post-Soviet period, there was a noticeable increase in interest in the church singing art. Professional musicians were given the opportunity to perform and study music that had not been so widely distributed until that time. For many, another direction for self-realization has opened up. Spiritual music has increasingly begun to go beyond the scope of worship and is performed everywhere by both secular and church choirs on the stage. Thus, this kind of the richest Russian cultural heritage became more accessible not only for the parishioners of churches, but also for the listeners of concert halls.Traditions of concerts of Orthodox music, with the joint performance of church and secular choirs have been laid in Astrakhan since the early 1990s. The organization of such events is one of the directions of concert and educational activities of the Astrakhan Metropolis. The Astrakhan Bishops' Choir has always been an indispensable participant in these concerts. He is in many ways a model for other singing groups of the city, such a format of activity has a great influence on the professional state of choir choirs, repertoire preferences, manner of performance and much more.In this article we will consider the concert style of singing of large cathedrals on the example of the bishops' choir of the Intercession and Assumption cathedrals, their concert and festival activities.

PRESERVATION OF SCIENTIFIC, HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF N. N. MIKLOUHO-MACLAY IN THE CONTEXT PF DEVELOPMENT OF CULTURAL TIES BETWEEN RUSSIA AND PAPUA NEW GUINEA

The idea of modern state cultural policy of the Russian Federation lies in creation and development of a system of education for citizens on the basis of traditional for Russia moral values and patriotism. This is achievable through learning the historical and cultural heritage of Russia, world culture, development of creative abilities of the individual, aesthetic perception of the world, accession to different types of cultural activity. As an example of preservation of scientific, historical, cultural and ideological heritage the MiklouhoMaclay Online Museum is discussed, which has opened online in October 2021. It represents the activities of the famous scientist and traveler of the late nineteenth century, which made a great impression on his contemporaries. For example, L. N. Tolstoy praised the researcher’s writings, for in them he saw a confirmation of his thoughts that true civilization can be brought to peoples not by violence, but by education and care for them. The Online Museum contains those results of exploration and scientific study of the South Pacific that help to maintain international contacts and promote intercultural dialogue. Particular attention is given to the description of the collection, which was created with the help of the indigenous people of the North-East of the New Guinea Island (Maclay Coast), where the exhibits were collected. The exhibits in the Online Museum are also interesting because they are showcased in comparison with their counterparts from N. N. Miklouho-Maclay collections of the nineteenth century. Links to the descriptions are available on the resources of those museums where they are stored. Museums today are considered as one of the most important means of education, they specifically perform the functions of additional education—a symbolic act of meeting the past and the present. In the educational process, clearly structured museum materials can be useful for various age categories of students. The establishment of the Miklouho-Maclay Online Museum is also a significant step on the way of enhancing the relations between the Russian Federation and the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, because it contributes to the development of cultural relations between the states. It is a site, which with the help of information about the outstanding scientist and his achievements, shows the connection between generations, gives specific knowledge about the study of the South Seas by Russia from the nineteenth century until today.

Historical and Cultural Heritage of Russia in the Context of the Struggle for Colonies in the North Pacific

Historical and Cultural Heritage of Russia in the Context of the Struggle for Colonies in the North Pacific

Исследование и реставрация женской рубахи XIX в. из Тверской губернии

Historical textiles of folk costume is a cultural heritage of Russia. Each area, each nationality has its own features of cut and decorative decorations in the form of embroidery. Embroidery is one of the folklore directions of folk art that was expressively manifested in a historical peasant costume. This paper examined a woman's shirt from the Tver province, sewn in the 19th century. Rubakha is essential to peasant clothes — it plays the role of both everyday work clothes and an element of a festive costume. A special place is occupied by embroidery, which is a kind of symbolic, sacred language, not only protecting the wearer of clothing from evil forces, but transmitting information from the deep antiquity and indicating the geography of origin. It seems noteworthy that embroidery is a kind of chronicle of generations, a cipher that is in fact a message for the future. There are obvious signs, such as the sun, the tree of life, and there are those that must be interpreted and understood in terms of the era when these symbols were embroidered. During the restoration of the studied shirt, the task was not only to restore the appearance with minimal interference with the material, but also to investigate the origin of the embroidery patterns. A comparative study of the features of embroidery of various districts and shirts` cuts made it possible to attribute the object under study and discover interesting facts from the life of the area under study. Restoration work on this shirt is also aimed at removing spots of various origin (rust, sweat, sharpening), to eliminate breaks and deformation.

The phenomenon of V.O. Klyuchevsky in the historical and cultural heritage of Russia

The phenomenon of V.O. Klyuchevsky in the historical and cultural heritage of Russia