Cultural Codes Research Articles

Polymodern Economics

Polymodernity could be defined as cultural infrastructure. It describes the cultural evolution of the human species in four cultural codes and integrates them: indigenous, traditional, modern, and postmodern. These four cultural codes very much relate to group sizes, and they represent four different kinds of social interaction, cooperation, economy, moral values, media, and much more. In this article, I describe the economy as a structure of five integrated layers. The first is nature itself; the other four are economic models with different goals, dynamics, rules, measurements, criteria for success, and opportunities for sustainability and thriving. All five layers are present in thriving economies. This article presents a suggestion for a macro-economic model that can deliberately balance them.

Critical Listening and the Sounds of Stories in the English Classroom

ABSTRACT As the growing body of English scholarship has made clear, the act of critical listening plays an important role in cultivating a mindful and democratic classroom. By way of Carmen Maria Machado’s short story, ‘The Husband Stitch’ (2017), this article addresses how the tertiary English classroom creates opportunities to re-centre the relationship between critical listening and storytelling to create productive discussion and expression about sociopolitical issues. The sounds that the narrator in the story both speaks and induces shape a narrative to interrogate how we critically listen to each other across gendered and cultural codes. Further cultivating a dialogue around the act of critical listening, students take inspiration from Machado’s story to create sound stories, or stories narrated using sounds and music that respond to gendered injustices. Critical listening, as a practice and a stance, is fundamental to their participation and, the practical objectives of the assignment emphasise teaching about critical listening as an integral aspect of the ways in which the telling and hearing of stories help to underline the inequities of society.

The Railway as a Cultural Phenomenon and Poetic Text

Purpose. The article examines two aspects of the railway: as a cultural phenomenon and as an example of thematic motif in poetic text.Results. The appearance of the railway was not only an important technical achievement, but also formed a previously unknown cultural code with distinctive features. Firstly, with a paradoxical sense of stability of the path and at the same time, promising disaster in case of deviation, incommensurable rides on horseback. Secondly, with the feeling of simultaneous presence into opposite spaces – at the unchanging point of the carriage and in the constantly changing panorama outside the window. Thirdly, a qualitatively new sense of rhythm, accelerated and hinting as the possibility of change. As a result, a new type of discursive reality arises, leading to an original type of text formation. So, in parallel with the cultural code, another arises – an artistic one, characterized by uniqueness and exclusivity. An example of an artistic code related to the theme of the railway is M. Tsvetaeva’s poem Rails (1923). Based on the tradition of traveling by rail as symbolic movement towards non-existence, Tsvetaeva actualizes the mortal motif in her own way, built on conflict of hard (iron) and soft (canvas), as well as on introducing a musical motif into the text (the linearity of musical lines) along with the original sound recording, creating the effect of a patronymic attraction.Conclusion. Thus, in the poem Rails we observed the struggle of two models – generative inscribed in the paradigm of culture, and inter-iterative, actively opposing the paradigm and, thanks to syntagma, determining the self-closure of the poetic text.

Coffee in the Russian literature of the 18th and early 19th centuries

In the article, coffee is analyzed as one of the aspects of the cultural code of the Russian society in the 18th century. The historical context of the adaptation of coffee in Russia is also reconstructed. The purpose of the research is to reveal the semantic features of coffee in the texts of Russian authors of the 18th – early 19th centuries. Through semantic and comparative analysis of the coffee theme in the texts of A. Kantemir, G. Derzhavin, Catherine II, I. Krylov, V. Kuchelbecker and others, the range of meanings of the beverage and the context of using the word coffee is determined: from a negative attribute of the aristocracy to a positive ‘inspiration elixir’. The connections between coffee and the social status of the character are also investigated.

Formation of cultural identity of students as a subject of pedagogical discussion

Introduction. Geopolitical challenges of our time encourage teachers to search for optimal means to counteract the deformation of the ideological positions of students, the mixing of cultures, and the devaluation of traditional cultural and historical values. In this context, the formation of cultural identity among students and schoolchildren, which unites all-Russian and regional cultural meanings at the content level, acquires great theoretical and practical significance. As an example, the Novgorod cultural identity is given as an integrative symbol of the cultural and historical heritage of Russia and the Novgorod region. The purpose of the study is the scientific substantiation of the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity” as pedagogical phenomena containing national and regional components. Materials and methods. Using theoretical methods (interdisciplinary analysis, synthesis, generalization), a study of scientific sources was carried out, which made it possible to identify the relationship between the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity”. In order to determine the components and levels of formation of cultural identity among students, a survey was conducted of 327 students and schoolchildren of the Novgorod region aged 14 to 21 years. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Google Forms service. Results. Based on a theoretical analysis of scientific sources, it was established that cultural identity as a conscious position of young people can be purposefully formed by pedagogical means, and the cultural code can be generated and transmitted by various institutions of socialization. The survey data recorded a fairly high level of development of the cognitive component of the cultural identity of students and an average level of development of the affective and behavioral components. Based on the results obtained, the problematic field of cultural categories was translated into the plane of pedagogical discussion and their characteristics as social and pedagogical phenomena were given. Conclusion. The conducted research made it possible to identify the relationship between the concepts of “cultural code” and “cultural identity”, to determine the general civil and regional aspects of the cultural identity of students. The comprehensive educational program for training future teachers developed by the authors, which includes the history of education and enlightenment of the Novgorod region, the theoretical foundations of educational tourism, museum and excursion pedagogy, will be of practical interest for university teachers and school teachers who carry out educational work with students.

A methodological proposal for midwifery education: Asking, Learning, Telling, and Embracing Diversity (ALTE)

ObjectiveThis study addressed the imperative for educational methodologies that effectively cultivate an understanding of diverse cultures within midwifery education curricula, particularly focusing on culture-based practices in the professional milieu. The primary objective was to develop a comprehensive methodology for the integration of cultural competence acquisition into midwifery undergraduate education. This study endeavoured to introduce and critically assesses an educational approach tailored to facilitate the acquisition of cultural competence and sensitivity among midwifery students. DesignThe Asking, Learning, Telling, and Embracing Diversity (ALTE) method, which was developed for use in the “History and Philosophy of Midwifery” course curriculum, was evaluated within the framework of instructor experiences and feedback from students. SettingX University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Midwifery in Türkiye. ParticipantsA cohort of midwifery students enrolled in the History and Philosophy of Midwifery course between 2011 and 2016 (N=95). FindingsThe ALTE method, which is characterized by a student-cantered approach and active participation facilitation, presents an opportunity to enhance student engagement and foster active learning. Student feedback underscored that ALTE, emphasizing active participation, is perceived as an instructive and enriching educational approach, diverging from conventional didactic teaching methods. The ALTE method has emerged as an effective instrument for instilling cultural competence within midwifery education. Key conclusionsThe implementation of the ALTE method empowered midwifery students from diverse geographical backgrounds to discern varied cultural codes and traditional practices. This methodology facilitated the identification of commonalities across regions, exploration of preserved cultural values, and scrutiny of potential advantages, disadvantages, and risks associated with such practices concerning maternal and neonatal well-being. Notably, ALTE exhibited commendable efficacy in fostering cultural sensitivity, active learning, acquisition of communication and presentation skills, peer learning, development of cultural competence, and critical thinking skills.

Ancient China’s Political Culture in the Classics —On the Base of “Three Appeals” in Western Classical Rhetoric

“Zouyi” is a kind of official document written by court officials and submitted to the emperor in ancient China, which serves the purpose of persuading. Aristotle’s “three appeals”, which consist of ethos, pathos and logos, perform the rhetorical function of persuading. Based on this, some correlation between China’s classics and Western classic thought comes into view. This paper selects three representative Zouyi: “qian chu shi biao”, “zhi an ce” and “jian Tai Zong Shi si shu” and gives primary attention to analyzing the “three appeals” presented in the selected discourses. This analysis will gain a glimpse into the rich political and cultural codes hidden within ancient China’s memorials, the relationship between the emperor and his ministers/officials, and the deep patriotism of the ministers in ancient China.

Abigéltől Emerencig: nevek és sorsok Szabó Magda regényeiben

Among numerous other factors, the allegorical or symbolic interpretations of the names of characters and heroes – constructed with the help of our linguistic, literary and cultural codes – play a crucial role in the process of meaning creation in literary works. Magda Szabó’s novels employ similar strategies. This paper examines the name-giving and name-interpreting strategies employed in some of Magda Szabó’s novels (Abigél, Birthday, Tell Zsófika) using the tools of literary and cultural studies. The paper explores potential interpretations based on name symbolism, intertextuality, psychoanalytic and feminist readings, and contemporary cultural codes. It also seeks answers to how the names of characters and the literary, linguistic and cultural context in which they are situated influence the construction of possible meanings.

Аксиологические рубежи обороны системы национальной безопасности: функциональное предназначение

The aim of this study is to substantiate the strategically significant functional role of the axiological defense lines of the national security system. This formulation of the question proceeds from the consideration of this system as a citadel, a unified defensive complex comprised of six defensive lines, the names of which correspond to the generalized means of managing social systems: methodological (gnoseological), historical-algorithmic, factual (ideological), economic, demographic, and military. Among the six mentioned defense lines, the first three are in the plane of sciences belonging to the humanitarian cycle and closely related to the value system, components of the country’s cultural code. In the context of hybrid warfare, the state is forced to use the military arsenal when it has conceded to the enemy on all previous defense lines, primarily on axiological lines. Neglecting the issues of protection of axiological defense lines of the national security system leads to the fact that the country suffers significant and often irreparable damage to subsequent lines: economic, demographic, military. It is recommended that axiological defense lines be defended and reinforced no less intensively than economic and other defense lines of the national security system. Without prompt resolution of these issues, the full-fledged implementation of Russia’s national projects and the achievement of technological sovereignty will be significantly hampered.

Linguistic and stylistic and linguacultural features of the oral and written discourse “scientific conference” (based on the international conference on scientific communication)

INTRODUCTION. The analysis of the role of the language expressive function in oral-written scientific and popular scientific sub-styles is carried out; the objectives of the work are defined; the relevance of the study is substantiated, emphasizing the fact that the oral-written text of the scientific style remains insufficiently studied to date; stylistic characteristics of the studied genre are given and, based on this, a working hypothesis for the expected results is put forward.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study of linguostylistic expressive means is conducted on the materials of English and Russian speakers’ presentations of the annual scientific and practical conference of the Foreign Languages Department of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. In the course of the study, a comparative analysis of the approaches to report writing of two Englishspeaking and three Russian-speaking speakers was carried out using the method of continuous sampling of all stylistic devices in the speeches of the speakers at the conference.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Similarities and differences in approaches to speechwriting for a scientific conference between native and non-native English speakers are revealed. Almost all speakers actively use expressive language means regardless of whether they are native or not. The dominant stylistic devices are repetition, metaphor, and phraseological unit.CONCLUSION. The results contradict the general idea of the normativity and strictness of this style. The approach to presentation texts writing is rather determined by the individual preferences of the speaker, the topic of the speech specifics and personal experience of participating in such events than by attachment to the status of a native or non-native speaker. Prospects for further research may include in the spectrum of analysis a larger number of samples of conference speeches and/or representatives of nonEuropean regions for a better understanding of the relationship between the cultural code and scientific discourse.

Gender Roles of Women in Russian Parodies

The article talks about gender stereotypes in Russian proverbs and sayings. Gender stereotypes are a reflection of the traditional patriarchal code of linguistic culture, since the main value paradigms have been formed in society for centuries. Russian paroemias reflect gender relations, they still contain disappearing ideas about the role of women and men in society; they preserve the history of changed (or remaining) worldview stereotypes of gender behavior. Gender representations of men and women in paremiology show how stereotypes have been formed over the centuries. Gender roles of women in Russian parodies: the role of a woman in the family (wife, mother-in-law, mother-in-law, daughter, mother-granddaughter, aunt, sisterin-law, daughter-in-law, etc.); the role of a woman in accordance with social status (widow, unmarried maiden, matchmaker, etc.); the role of a woman in accordance with family and social ties (matchmaking, godmother, etc.) shows that women were in a dependent position. Their whole life was built in relation to the patriarchal model of family and marriage, which was completely dominated by men, which is explained by the historically established type of social relations.

Structural and Semantic Peculiarities of the English Phraseological Units with the Component «an Item of Kitchenware»

The article studies the semantics of the English phraseological units that contain components from the thematic group «kitchenware» and also singles out the most common components – the names of the items of cutlery in the phraseological units. The relevance of studying this group of phraseological units, which has not yet been the subject of a separate study, is conditioned by the fact that preparing and eating food are the important parts of the cultural code of any people, encrypted, among other things, with the help of phraseological units of the language. Kitchenware being are tools, means and tools for preparing, consuming and aestheticizing the process of food consumption, contribute to the formation of cultural values of a linguistic community which are expressed, among other things, in the aesthetic and ethical norms of human behavior. Unlike linguistic units of other levels, phraseological units being units of secondary nomination, do not only contain accumulated information about the situations and events that occurred throughout the cultural and historical development of a particular linguistic community, but are also the building material of the secondary picture of the world. The semantics of phraseological units is a vivid expression of the national uniqueness of the linguistic picture of the world. As a result of the study, we divided the selected phraseological units into such phraseological groups as «versatility of human activity», «appearance, character and mental characteristics of a person», «financial situation of a person», «alcohol consumption and the consequences of this use», «food intake and consequences its intake», «various life situations». As a result of a quantitative analysis of the representation of components-names of utensils in phraseological units, we came to the conclusion that the most common components in phraseological units are the lexemes pot (26% of the studied units), bottle (14.5%), knife (13%), plate (10%), spoon (9%). We associate the prevalence of these components with the special role of the kitchen utensils, designated by the corresponding lexemes, in particular, a pot is a container for both cooking and storing food, a bottle is a container for drinks, which are also are included in the gluttonic sphere of human life, and a plate (plate) and a spoon (spoon) are the most important tools for eating. It was also revealed that the leading structural-semantic types of the studied phraseological units were nominative-communicative units (60% of the studied phraseological units) and nominative phraseological units (28% of the studied units).

РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ЗДОРОВОГО ЧЕЛОВЕКА В НЕМЕЦКОЙ И АНГЛИЙСКОЙ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИИ

The article provides a comparative study of German and English phraseological units with a zoonymic or phytonymic component representing a healthy person. The analysis is given according to the following two types of cultural codes: 1) zoonymic and 2) phytomorphic. Consideration of comparative phraseological units containing zoonyms and phytonyms in the context of culture allows us to determine the general and the specific in the imaginative thinking of the Germans and the British about health, to explain the peculiarity of their functioning. Studying phraseological units within the framework of the linguistic and cultural paradigm is considered relevant since the zoomorphic and phytomorphic images underlying the formation of phraseological units are the conductors of culture. They transmit valuable information about the geographical and climatic living conditions of a particular ethnic group that helps to identify ethnocultural stereotypes and standards reflecting the collective view of the most valuable human being that is health. Moreover, the very trope (tropeic) essence of a phraseological unit is born from a combination of cultural codes, which are the structure-forming elements of cultural space and are present in the cognitive base of any linguistic and cultural community.

СОЦІАЛЬНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ БІЗНЕСУ: ОСНОВНІ СКЛАДОВІ ТА ПРІОРИТЕТНІ НАПРЯМИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ

The article examines the components and directions of the implementation of social responsibility of business, which are implemented under the influence of current events in Ukraine. Approaches to the definition of the concept of "social responsibility of business" according to scientists M. Friedman, G. Bowen, A. Carroll, from the position of the World Council of Entrepreneurs for Sustainable Development and the World Bank Institute are given. The relationship between social responsibility of business and sustainable development is indicated. Differences in the characteristics of social responsibility of business and philanthropy according to the criteria of involvement, purpose, participation in decision-making, strategicness and dependence on external circumstances are determined. It was established that the concept of social responsibility of business has a wider meaning than charity. Such key principles of social responsibility of business as openness, systematicity, reliability, regularity are indicated. The main components of internal and external social responsibility of business are revealed. The reasons that restrained the development of social responsibility of business in Ukraine are highlighted. The actions of the state regarding the activation of social responsibility in Ukraine are indicated. Measures have been taken by leading business structures regarding social responsibility at the beginning of hostilities in Ukraine in such areas as humanitarian aid to the population, support of medical facilities, evacuation and accommodation of the population from the areas of hostilities, organization of shelters for the population. The five-component model of social responsibility of business in war conditions is given and characterized according to the following components: business continuity, people's safety, army assistance, partnership, local communities. Referred to the results of the study of the sustainability of Ukrainian business during the war. Attention was focused on the following key directions of the SVB: systematization and coordination of corporate volunteering within the organization, the application of the practice of well-being (corporate well-being) and war/work balance (balancing work during the war) and Ukraine first, National Identity, Ukraine Culture Code.

Value model of political communications of the Russian elite in conflictual and deviant polysubject environment

The article, based on the results of a comprehensive political analysis, substantiates that in the modern socio-political reality, the formation of a multipolar world, the problem of the effectiveness of political communications are closely related to the potential of political and administrative power elites. The communicative qualities of a modern politician are enhanced by value-civilizational and moral parameters, the ability of strategic vision and the ability to maintain civilizational and value discourse in the political and economic system and direct it towards sustainable advanced development of society. This, in turn, involves the analysis and development of parameters for diagnosing the quality of modern Russian political and administrative elites, their moral and professional adequacy and aptitude; so is the actualization and solution of the problem of deviations at the elite level of political power. In order to form a value model of political communications of the Russian elite, it is necessary to comprehensively consider management systems based on specific values (including management of public values), identify and position public values as determinants of socio-political development, develop mechanisms to counteract the value degradation and marginalization of national elites, take into account the propensity of the Russian government to identify internal and external enemies in the previous stages of development, and also to the uncritical borrowing of the models of democracy alien to the Russian cultural and civilizational code, and the image imitation of elite qualities.

Cultural Dress Codes: Navigating Fashion Stereotypes in Multi - Generational Households

Cultural Dress Codes: Navigating Fashion Stereotypes in Multi - Generational Households

Interference of Cultural Codes of the CIS Countries of Central Asia: Civilizational Transformations

For centuries, Turkic peoples have lived in close interaction, which contributed to the formation of similar cultural traditions, languages and customs. This has made them a unique and distinctive historical and cultural area on the map of Eurasia. The study of the interpenetration of cultural codes of the CIS countries of the Central Asian region becomes particularly relevant, as it allows us to identify the main trends and patterns of interference of interacting cultures.The novelty of the study lies in the methodological approach to the analysis of cultural codes of nations, according to which the interference of cultural codes is considered here as an instrument of cultural interpenetration, which reveals the specific relationship between cultural codes and national identity, as well as identifies the reasons for the universalization of cultural codes of border cultures.The purpose of this paper is to explore precisely those features of cross-border cultural interaction that fall under the description of cultural interference in its original sense, which implies spontaneous, uncontrolled cultural interpenetration resulting in the strengthening of some characteristics and weakening of others, in the absence of a dominant culture and deliberate influence on the qualitative characteristics of each of the interacting cultures. This publication offers an analysis of the spontaneity and uncontrollability of civilizational transformations of border cultures, acting as a natural process of interference of cultural codes. The research material is the cultural practices of the CIS countries of the Central Asian region.The main study measures used are conceptual and phenomenological analysis, axiological and analytical research techniques, method of classification analysis, etc.The study of the CIS countries of Central Asia revealed a number of coinciding elements of culture of these countries, indicating the presence of their common national cultural and civilizational identity, which stem not only from the cultural roots common to these peoples, but also a consequence of cultural interference and integration in the process of centuries of coexistence in the neighboring territories.

FEATURES OF THE ACTUALIZATION OF MODERN UKRAINIAN HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL WORLDVIEW CODES

The article is devoted to the issues of actualization modern Ukrainian historical and cultural worldview codes. Natural national identity protects the individual from hostile manipulative influences. This is very important subject during hybrid wars. The worldview codes, which are the basis of national consciousness, are usually studied precisely through the prism of national self-awareness and identification. The basic worldview codes are realized through historical memory and culture. Often these implementations are interrelated. The purpose of the article is the study of modern actualization of the basic worldview codes, which are responsible for the national self-identification of a person and form the national cultural space. During hybrid and information wars, it is worldview codes that are subjected to the most powerful attacks from the enemy, because their deep change significantly affects the worldview and national identity of a person.

Modern graphic design as a means of rethinking the cultural heritage of the past

The article considers the method of reinterpretation and actualization in graphic design. The role and importance of this approach in the modern world and development trends. To date, the problem of preserving the cultural code of the population remains unresolved and requires an up-to-date approach. The tendency to rethink the legacy of the past is considered through the prism of the possibility of this method to positively influence the generation and further development of new ideas within the framework of an overabundance of information. The fact that it is the reinterpretation of hereditary forms that makes it possible to create original design concepts based on existing ideas is actualized.

On Pushkin, Cultural Continuity and Linguistic Features of Modern Media Discourse

The article emphasizes the enormous infl uence of the work of Alexander Pushkin on the entire national culture, literature and language. It became the source of the most signifi cant socio-historical, philosophical, aesthetic ideas for all subsequent Russian literature. Personal reader observations related to the classical heritage and language of the modern media space, as well as practical experience in training journalistic personnel, prompted the author to turn to the problem of cultural continuity, which has become relevant in recent years to our society. Attention is drawn to the fact that high school graduates who have chosen the specialty of journalist and public relations specialist have in recent years come to university with a weak background of general cultural knowledge. “Digital” youth, brought up on exams, don`t always give preference to reading original literature.The purpose of the article is to understand the modern process of cultural continuity, cultural and linguistic meanings and features of modern media discourse. Society is based on communication, and communication is impossible without a common system of concepts and values. The author expresses the idea that in the context of the new challenges of our time, society has clearly formulated a request for the preservation of national roots, national culture, domestic classics, the need to preserve the intergenerational cultural code as an urgent task that determines the dynamics of the humanities in general and journalism in particular. Based on the method of theoretical analysis, as well as using the method of content analysis, the author analyzes the specifi c results of a study of the press of the big cities in the Privolzhskiy Federal District, the state of the modern media agenda and changes that have affected the language of modern media. The author concludes that these processes refl ect the transformation of both the press and society. Also, we express an opinion on the need for attention to the issues of the mission of modern media discourse, the infl uence of media on the formation of the spiritual world of modern humanity, its worldview and civic position, which was characteristic of the best traditions of Russian culture. Keywords: Alexander Pushkin, classics, cultural continuity, language of modern media, media discourse, training of journalists