Craft Activities Research Articles

An estate at Zincirli? Land use and resource exploitation at the Middle Bronze Age monumental building Complex DD in Zincirli, Gaziantep Province of Turkey

Near Eastern monumental buildings once hosted institutions with a variety of economic and environmental footprints. In this article examining a Middle Bronze Age II (seventeenth century BC) building complex at Zincirli, Turkey, we integrate bioarchaeological remains with ceramic and artifactual evidence to evaluate whether this building was a specialized node in a broader network and centralized economy. Combining seed/fruit/chaff analysis with charcoal, phytolith, diatom, and spherulite investigations and zooarchaeology allows for a more holistic identification of the building’s environmental and economic catchments. The pronounced presence of conifer, probably related to the building’s architecture, suggests an elite function of the complex. A broad range of activities took place within the complex, such as the preparation, storage, and consumption of different food and drink products, alongside craft activities. There is evidence for centralized storage of diverse crops and production of wine and textiles. The building seems to have functioned as a kind of estate, possessing access to large areas of land. The bioarchaeological remains evidence the exploitation of the varied environments surrounding the site, where economically valuable resources were locally available and exploited, such as cedar, pine, grapes, and large hunting game. Complex DD provides evidence of wetland exploitation, agropastoral production, wood procurement, and hunting in the semi-steppe batha environments of the Islahiye plain and the woodland forests of the Amanus.

Information on the Actions of the Academic Environment of the Adam Mickiewicz University for the Benefit of the Immigrants Placed in the Guarded Centres of the Border Guard

For eight years, employees and students of the Institute of Anthropology and Ethnology at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań have been providing support activities in guarded centres for foreigners in Poland. Their work involves organising play and art, craft and music activities for children and adult foreigners. This offer has benefited at least 500 foreigners. The second form of assistance is the organisation of workshops for police officers (expansion of their legal, socio-cultural and psychological knowledge, formation of tolerant attitudes, etc.).

A handful of duck radiuses: Peculiarities of the avifaunal exploitation at the Gravettian site of Maisières‐Canal (Belgium)

AbstractThe early Gravettian site of Maisières‐Canal (Belgium) was discovered in 1966, during the widening of the Canal du Centre. Emergency excavation allowed the discovery of an open‐air human occupation which yielded abundant archaeological material. A re‐examination of the well‐preserved faunal collections has expanded the bird assemblage from the 29 bones initially recognized to 78, which have been studied from an archaeozoological point of view. Six taxa were identified, including species regularly encountered in Upper Paleolithic sites, such as the snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus), the northern raven (Corvus corax), and the willow or rock ptarmigan (Lagopus sp.). Ducks (Anatinae) are by far the best represented taxa. Surprisingly, only radius fragments were recovered for ducks, most bearing breaks and tool marks. We paid special attention to this peculiar set of duck radiuses. We performed experiments on fresh duck wings to evaluate the impact of different actions on the radius. Based on our experiments, two main hypotheses emerged. This accumulation of duck radiuses may represent (1) the waste from the production of dry wings and/or (2) a supply of raw material for craft activities. However, neither of these two hypotheses can be conclusively confirmed. As well as exhibiting some discrepancies, the bird bone assemblage from Maisières‐Canal shares several characteristics with early Gravettian sites from central Europe.

At the Intersection of the Digital and the Material: Teaching and Learning Crafts during the Pandemic

Although the value of crafted artefacts and craft activities is recognized in contemporary research and discussion, crafts as a standard school subject is still struggling with stereotypic labels; some consider the subject a relic from the past. This commentary demonstrates that crafts is an innovative school subject that engages students in creative thinking and up-to-date digital-material practices. The commentary relies on Finnish craft teachers’ experiences of learning and teaching crafts during the Covid-19 pandemic. Material was collected in two webinars in autumn 2020.

The role of nostalgia in making for well-being

While some maker activities and actions have clear and measurable outcomes with increasing research about the joys and benefits of creativity, there is an aspect of making which is infrequently considered, perhaps because it is largely unconscious or may even be viewed negatively or dismissively. This is the pleasure to be found in the nostalgic aspects of crafting and making. This article examines the current research on the benefits of nostalgia, and how craft activities invoke nostalgia in various ways. Nostalgia is implicated as an element which can contribute to well-being – the perception of purpose, control and satisfaction which supports health and happiness. Although nostalgia is also already a factor in some making projects designed around well-being and health, it might in the future be used more consciously to contribute to other well-making activities.

Designing Vocabulary Learning Media Through Arts And Crafts For Primary School Teacher Training

Vocabulary in English is a common problem encountered in teaching and learning. This study aims to describe the steps of designing or developing vocabulary learning media using art and crafts. The purpose of this study is to teach primary school teacher training on the third-semester at Achmad Yani University Banjarmasin. This study used classroom action research. This method emphasizes on textbooks, journals and other relevant sources as sources of data and theoretical studies. The variables focused on here include the use of various art and craft activities in vocabulary teaching as independent and the success level of the students to present and participate in their learning English vocabulary.

Проблеми розвитку крафтової діяльністі в Україні

The article identifies the characteristics of the craft product and gives the author's vision of the concept of craft product. The concept of craft activity as a special type of business activity is formulated. The main stages of craft production are identified and in accordance with each stage the problematic issues of craft production in Ukraine are identified and measures are formulated to solve the problems of craft production development.

Problems of craft activity development in Ukraine

Problems of craft activity development in Ukraine

YOUNG HANDS AT WORK. USING FINGER IMPRESSIONS TO EXPLORE THE DEMOGRAPHIC CONSTITUTION OF EARLY AND MIDDLE BRONZE AGE POTTERY‐MAKING COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE

SummaryFingertip impressions preserved in the surface of clay artefacts can provide demographic details about the people who manufactured and decorated pottery vessels, and by extension allow exploration of the composition of communities of practice engaged in pottery manufacture. This paper describes the development of a method of measurement and analysis of fingertip impressions which were sometimes used as decorative motifs on pot surfaces. The technique can be applied to pottery from across archaeological periods; however, the research presented here focusses on communities of practice among Early and Middle Bronze Age potters of eastern England, and assessing their demographic make‐up through analysis of fingertip impressions. The preserved fingertip impressions reveal potting communities comprised children and women, but adult men were seemingly excluded, and suggest a connection between craft activity, age and sex.

The role of the Al-Hasba Institute in supervising the food industry in Syria during the Ayyubid period (570-648 AH / 1174-1250 AD)

Research Summary After the Ayyubids assumed power in Syria (570 AH / 1174 AD) they were interested in managing the country and organizing its public affairs, and one of the most important works they carried out was the establishment and activation of the Hisba Foundation, which had an effective role in organizing and revitalizing many economic activities, where this institution worked On improving people’s lives and solving people’s problems at that time, the Hisba Foundation was directly related to people’s lives, and it was a legal institution that supervised and controlled economic activities and markets, and its owners had the right to punish violators of instructions and laws, such as those who commit fraud or monopoly operations. The Hisba played a prominent role in supervising professionals and industrialists, and played an important role in the prosperity and development of industrial and craft activities during the Ayyubid era، The content of the research was discussed in three main sections: the first topic was the definition of the Al-Hisbah institution and its importance, the second topic: touched on the interest of the Ayyubids in this institution, and the third and final topic: it included the talk about the supervisory role of the Al-Hisba Foundation on the crafts and food industries and foods in Syria in the era Al-Ayoubi, and concluded the research with the most important conclusions.

Commercial Specialization of Mordva Settlements

Introduction. The post-reform era was characterized by the rapid growth of handicrafts. This phenomenon was noted not only in the Russian, but also in the Mordva village. In some Mordva villages there was a concentration of a wide variety of types of handicrafts and they began to represent a kind of handicraft centers. The article pays attention to the study of the distribution of handicrafts among Mordva villages. On the basis of pre-revolutionary statistical documents, reports of provincial and county zemstvo committees, the level of development of fishing activity among the Mordva has been considered. Materials and Methods. The research is based on the following methods: comparative-historical, historical-genetic, problem-chronological, structural-systemic. As the general scientific research methods, logical, descriptive-narrative, generalization, classification and systematization have been involved. To achieve the results of the study, archival sources, reports of county and provincial statistical committees, journals of meetings of county zemstvo assemblies have been used. Results and Discussion. Mordva artisans lagged behind the Russians in terms of the rate of development of the handicraft industry. The same types of bushcraft were common among Mordva as among Russians. Handicraft production gradually expanded in the Mordva villages in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. Peasants begin to specialize in a certain kind of handicraft. Usually in the Mordva villages there were several handicrafts at once, but there were also those that specialized in one craft. In such settlements, as a rule, artisanal artels were created. So, in the Spassky district of the Tambov province, woodworking crafts dominated, in the Alatyr and Ardatov counties of the Simbirsk province – wool-cutting and felting, in the Saransk district of the Penza province, crew fishing was widespread. P. S. Pallas, I. I. Lepekhin, V. N. Kuklin, I. I. Firstov, A. S. Luzgin, N. F. Mokshin, G. A. Kornishina, E. N. Mokshina and others made a significant contribution to the study of traditional crafts and occupations of the Mordva. Conclusion. Currently, certain types of craft activities are preserved in some Mordva villages. For example, felting is widespread in the villages of the Ardatovsky district of the Republic of Mordva – Urusovo, Zhabino, Old Ardatovo. In the village of Podlesnaya Tavla, Kochkurovsky district, Mordovian craftsmen are engaged in wood carving, making wooden toys. Crafts such as knitting, basket weaving, carpentry, birch bark weaving, cooperage are preserved.

The Reality of the Handicrafts and Crafts Sector in Algeria and its Promotion Strategy: Tipaza State as a Model

The traditional industry and crafts sector is a major driver for investment, development and economic empowerment of women, in addition to preserving the cultural heritage and national identity. In order to reposition the products of traditional industry, Algeria has adopted a new strategy based on providing the opportunity for craftsmen to be present in the most important international exhibitions, not to mention the provision of raw materials and the supply of these Industries with the basic materials that go into themanufacturing process of their products, in addition to ensuring financial support and accompanying guarantee in order to achieve the quality of products bearing the Algerian brand and to provide qualified labor to support the various craft activities in Algeria.

Who Engaged in Home-Based Arts Activities During the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data From 4,731 Adults in the United States.

Arts engagement is a health-related behavior that may be influenced by social inequalities. While the COVID-19 pandemic provided new opportunities for some people to engage in the arts, it might have created barriers for others. We aimed to examine whether there was social patterning in home-based arts engagement during the pandemic in the United States, and whether predictors of engagement differed according to the type of arts activity. We included 4,731 adults who participated in the United States COVID-19 Social Study between April and July 2020. Three types of home-based arts engagement were considered: reading for pleasure, arts or crafts activities, and digital arts activities. Using logistic regression models, we tested cross-sectional associations between a broad range of demographic, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and health-related factors as well as adverse events and worries during lockdown and each type of arts engagement. The factors most strongly associated with all three types of arts engagement were social support, social network size, age, race/ethnicity, keyworker status, and experiencing physical or psychological abuse during the pandemic. However, most socioeconomic and health-related factors were not associated with arts engagement, including household income and mental and physical health problems. Overall, our findings indicate that the social gradient in arts engagement was reduced in the first 4 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Given the health benefits of arts engagement, the potential diversification of arts audiences during the pandemic is promising for both population-level health and wellbeing and the future of the arts and cultural sector.

Drilling stone vessels in third-millennium BC Iran: new evidence from Hajjiabad-Varamin, Jiroft (Kerman Province)

Stone vessels were widely used across the Middle East and East Mediterranean during the Bronze Age. Production sites in Egypt have been extensively studied but the evidence for other regional manufacturing centres, including the eastern Iranian Plateau, is less well understood. The authors report on an extensive craft activity area found at Hajjiabad-Varamin, Kerman Province, with evidence for the large-scale production of vessels made of translucent travertine/calcite. Drill heads or bits used to manufacture stone vessels are examined in broader temporal and geographical context. These finds raise questions about production techniques and demonstrate how apparently non-descript stones can add to our understanding of the Middle East in the third millennium BC.

Problems of preparing students for craft activities in the system of vocational education and its current state

This article describes the state support of artisans, the benefits created for them and the work done by artisans, the problems that need to be addressed in vocational guidance, the conditions in the "Teacher-Apprentice" schools, practical assistance to young people in learning a profession.

Recycling Fabric Waste into Functional Interior Decoration Pieces

This study seeks to collect, recycle and repurpose fabrics waste into decorative household items to reinforce the concept of recycling as a viable alternative to indiscriminate dumping that leads to environmental pollution. It has been observed that garment producers, fashion designers, dressmakers, seamstresses and tailors generate several quantities of fabric waste which are initially piled up to occupy space at their workshops then later disposed indiscriminately. For this studio-based study, an average of 300kg of fabric remnants which are generated by the 30 workshops of garment producers in four suburbs of Kumasi in the Ashanti region of Ghana were collected. The fabric waste was sorted into types, sizes, colours and textures, out of the 300kg collected, approximately 250kg were identified as cotton and the remaining 50kg were an assortment of polyester, nylon, rayon, wool, acetate and sateen. It also came out that the garment producers lack adequate knowledge on waste management, hence the indiscriminate disposal of the waste fabrics. The need for effective means of recycling without adverse repercussion to the environment was found critical. Based on the idea of recycle art, 280 kilograms of the fabric waste collected were converted into interior decoration pieces such as a pair of footrest, a set of arm rest, a set of chair-back, Others include a set of table mats, a set of placemats, a door mat, and a set of curtains and window blinds. It is anticipated that such craft activities will serves as pointers to craft people about the potential of waste fabrics as cheaper raw materials for diverse products and by extension help to reduce the waste management problems associated with fabric waste.

PRIKRIVANJE RADNOGA ODNOSA (NESAMOSTALNOG RADA) INSTITUTOM PAUŠALNOGA OBRTA: FINANCIJSKOPRAVNE I RADNOPRAVNE IMPLIKACIJE

After a brief overview of development of the protective role of labour legislation (and the need to protect the content of the work relationship instead of formal category of workers), the authors analyse legal regulation of craft activities and the possibility of paying income tax in a lump-sum. Furthermore, the paper examines positive legal regulation of determining the disguised employment (dependent work) with craft activities subject to lump-sum taxation and, consequently, the collection of income tax and related contributions for compulsory insurance based on (disguised) employment. Finally, the need for legal changes is emphasized, implementing a complementary approach (from the standpoint of financial and labour law), to protect both the fiscal interests of the state and the rights of the disguised worker.

Social Interaction Skills Development in Children with ASD: A Group-Based Comparative Study

Autism is a processing disorder that disrupts the ability to understand and utilize language and significantly poor social skills. During a typical group therapy session, children are facilitated to socialize with their peers, initiate or participate in the group play or express their potential. This study aimed to see the effect of different types of therapy as a team approach (Speech therapy & Occupational therapy) during the group therapy session and apply it during the group therapy sessions, and to see the impact of different age groups in developing social interaction skills. A total of 5 mainstream children with ASD (age range- 6 to 8 and 8-10 years) were selected. 6 sessions of group therapy for 2.5 hours were conducted with OT and ST together. The objectives of the group therapy were rated on four rating scales and compared before and after the session by the parents and therapist. The Wilcoxon signed ranked test was done to find any significant difference between the two groups and the Mann-Whitney U test was to see the impact of different age groups in developing social skills. The finding indicated that the children from both groups showed improvement in social communication with their peers, and show interest to participate; initiating, and taking a turn in storytelling, and various art, and craft activities. However, children in the higher age group showed more improvement in their social skills. This signifies that the transdisciplinary approach in group therapy is a useful treatment strategy to facilitate the children to initiate and interact with their peers. Keywords: Group Therapy, Transdisciplinary approach, Social Skills, Occupational Therapist, Speech Therapist.

The Effects of Craft Activity Program on Emotion in Lonely Elder

The Effects of Craft Activity Program on Emotion in Lonely Elder

Non-Agricultural Crafts in the Peasant Farms of the Northwestern Provinces of Russia in the Second Half of the 19th and Early 20th Centuries

This article presents the results of a study of nonagricultural crafts of peasants in the postreform period in the northwestern region of the Russian Empire, which included the Novgorod, Pskov, and St. Petersburg provinces. A general description of the craft activities of peasants during the period of rapid formation and development of bourgeois relations in the country’s economy in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries is given. The objects of study are the most significant local crafts of peasants and the otkhodnichestvo (the temporary departure of peasants from their permanent residences in villages to earn money in regions where industry and agriculture were well developed) of farmers. The factors that determined the dynamics of the development of crafts, the place of craft income in the budget of the peasant economy, the evolution and direction of the otkhodnichestvo, and the influence of crafts on the socioeconomic situation of the northwestern countryside are studied. This approach makes it possible to identify both general trends and features of the development of peasant local and seasonal crafts in the northwestern countryside over a long period of time, as well as determine the local specifics of the transformation of crafts. This article is written based on an extensive corpus of both published and archival materials, a significant part of which was introduced in scientific publications for the first time.