Corrosion Scale Research Articles

Influence of Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Sodium Humate Composite Corrosion Inhibitor on the Corrosion Resistance of EH40 Steel in Seawater.

In this study, corrosion weight loss experiments were conducted to explore the corrosion-inhibiting properties of a composite inhibitor consisting of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and sodium humate (SH) at varying concentrations on EH40 steel in seawater. An investigation was conducted into the electrochemical behavior of EH40 steel in seawater and the mechanism of composite inhibitor consisting of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and sodium humate (SH) at varying concentrations on EH40 steel in seawater through an electrochemical test. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersion spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR), and contact angle measurements were performed to confirm the mechanism of CMCS and SH as well as their composite corrosion inhibitors at the interface between seawater and EH40 steel. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculation supports the experimental findings. The results show that CMCS, SH, and their composite inhibitor are a mixed type of corrosion inhibitor that mainly inhibits cathodic reactions and corrosion through the active site blocking mechanisms. Their corrosion inhibition effect increases with the increase of mass concentration, and the composite inhibitor performs better in corrosion inhibition and scale inhibition than the individual inhibitor. When the CMCS mass concentration reaches 100 mg/L and the SH mass concentration reaches 50 mg/L, the corrosion inhibition rate is 74.65%, the corrosion potential shifts by about 47.39 mV, the Rp value increases from 358.6 to 1102.4 Ω·cm2, and the Ydl value decreases from 177.31 Sn Ω-1cm-2 × 10-6 to 92.672 Sn Ω-1cm-2 × 10-6. CMCS and SH are adsorbed onto the surface of EH40 steel, forming a protective film through the complexation of carboxyl, amino, and other functional groups to inhibit corrosion and prevent the further formation of scale. In addition, synergistic coadsorption occurs between CMCS and SH, and the composite corrosion inhibitor exerts a better effect than the individual corrosion inhibitor.

Eco-friendly corrosion inhibition and scale control in seawater using Foeniculum vulgare and Pimpinella anisum extracts with chemical compounds

This study investigated the corrosion inhibition and scale control properties of both natural extracts and chemical inhibitors for C25 galvanized steel sheets with an 85-μm thick zinc coating steel exposed to seawater. The inhibitors, including Foeniculum vulgare (AF-Sha), Pimpinella anisum (AF-Sim), M640, and Veo, underwent rigorous evaluation through techniques such as Tafel extrapolation, potentiodynamic polarization analysis, concentration factor scale, seawater analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and conductivity-temperature analysis. Notably, AF-Sha and AF-Sim exhibited outstanding corrosion prevention capabilities, achieving inhibitory efficiencies of 87% and 85%, respectively. Comparative analyses with chemical inhibitors, M640 and Veo, demonstrated promising performance, positioning natural inhibitors as environmentally friendly alternatives. Corrosion rates, inhibition efficiency, and concentration factor scale results provided insights into the inhibitory effectiveness of each compound, with Veo showing superior performance. The study also explored the antiscalant behavior of inhibitors, revealing their ability to prevent corrosion and scale formation. XRD analysis indicated the impact of inhibitors on the crystal structure of scales, while IR spectra provided insights into vibration properties. Conductivity and temperature analyses illustrated the inhibitors' role in reducing ion exchange and gypsum concentration in seawater. These findings suggest that the inhibitors offered robust protection for ferrous metal surfaces and hold significant potential for practical applications. Additionally, our weight loss investigation extends this understanding, demonstrating the practical applicability of corrosion inhibitors like AF-Sha and AF-Sim in real-world scenarios. The presented results contribute significantly to the understanding of galvanized steel corrosion behavior in seawater, offering valuable insights for corrosion engineering applications.

Corrosion evaluation of austenitic stainless steels in Li2CO3-K2CO3 eutectic salt for thermal energy storage

Molten carbonate salt is one of the promising candidates for high-temperature thermal energy storage tailored towards advanced pumped-thermal energy storage and next generation concentrated solar power technologies. However, severe corrosion of structural materials exposed to molten carbonate salts poses one of the most pivotal threats in terms of limiting their large-scale application at ever-escalating temperatures. Here, we elaborate the compatibility of three commercial austenitic stainless steels specifically SS310, SS316L and Incoloy 625 with Li2CO3-K2CO3 (28–72 wt%) eutectic salt. The corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of Fe-Cr (SS316L), Fe-Cr-Ni (SS310) and nickel-based (In625) alloys at 600 °C in air were also investigated. It revealed that SS310 exhibited better corrosion resistance compared to SS316 and In625, with weight loss of 23.8 mg/cm2 and corrosion rate of 522 μm/year after 500 h of exposure at 600 °C. This implies that higher Ni content of the alloy may not necessarily improve the corrosion resistance, it is associated with the basicity of the molten and the solubility of Ni salt in the melt. ICP analysis indicated that the salts exposed to SS310 and In625 at the same exposure time both had nearly 11 times more Ni than that exposed to SS316. Precisely, it is related to the behavior of the Cr-enriched zones formed in the corrosion layers of different alloys. The corrosion mechanism of SS310 specimens in molten carbonate can be generally divided into the following steps: (i) selective oxidation of the metal elements and lithiation reactions of the metal oxides to generate a passivation scale, (ii) an ever-growing middle transition scale consisted of mixed metal oxides and lithium-containing compounds, (iii) cracking and peeling off of the corrosion scale.

Closed wellbore integrity failure induced by casing corrosion based on solid-chemical coupling model in CO2 sequestration

The safety and stability of carbon sequestration are key in CCS technology, and the wellbore is a critical pathway for leakage, which can lead to the failure of sequestration. In this study, the process of casing corrosion-induced closed wellbore integrity failure is investigated based on a solid-chemical coupling model. The influence of temperature and CO2 pressure on the development of cement damage is also investigated. The results show that the corrosion rate increases and then decreases with increasing depth, and the time of damage initiation gradually shifts backward. During the process of casing corrosion-induced cement damage, the corrosion scale that accumulates on the surface of the casing causes stress redistribution within the cement system. The damage initiates at the interface between the bottom of the cement system and the casing, progressing upwards to create a potential leakage pathway. Moreover, the damage in the cement sheath develops more rapidly, while the rate of damage development in the cement plug gradually decreases. This study will be helpful for understanding the initial stage of closed wellbore failure in carbon sequestration and for implementing corresponding preventive measures in engineering practice.

Unveiling the Mechanism and Kinetics of Pollutant Attenuation by Free Radicals Triggered from Goethite in Water Distribution Systems.

Investigating the fate of persistent organic pollutants in water distribution systems (WDSs) is of great significance for preventing human health risks. The role of iron corrosion scales in the migration and transformation of organics in such systems remains unclear. Herein, we determined that hydroxyl (•OH), chlorine, and chlorine oxide radicals are generated by Fenton-like reactions due to the coexistence of oxygen vacancy-related Fe(II) on goethite (a major constituent of iron corrosion scales) and hypochlorous acid (HClO, the main reactive chlorine species of residual chlorine at pH ∼ 7.0). •OH contributed mostly to the decomposition of atrazine (ATZ, model compound) more than other radicals, producing a series of relatively low-toxicity small molecular intermediates. A simplified kinetic model consisting of mass transfer of ATZ and HClO, •OH generation, and ATZ oxidation by •OH on the goethite surface was developed to simulate iron corrosion scale-triggered residual chlorine oxidation of organic compounds in a WDS. The model was validated by comparing the fitting results to the experimental data. Moreover, the model was comprehensively applicable to cases in which various inorganic ions (Ca2+, Na+, HCO3-, and SO42-) and natural organic matter were present. With further optimization, the model may be employed to predict the migration and accumulation of persistent organic pollutants under real environmental conditions in the WDSs.

Enhanced corrosion resistance of Ti-Al-Mo alloy through solid state transformation driven by rapid solidification

Rapid solidification of undercooled liquid Ti50Al44Mo6 alloy was realized by electromagnetic levitation. Primary (βTi) dendrite grew rapidly from melt with decreasing temperature. As undercooling increased, nucleation rate and growth driving force of primary (βTi) dendrites increased. Growth velocity of primary (βTi) dendrite increased significantly, reaching 13.5 m·s-1 at the maximum undercooling (233 K). After solidification, primary (βTi) dendrite decomposed simultaneously through β→α→α2 transformation and martensite transformation β→γ. Homogeneity of solute distribution in primary (βTi) phase affects the solid-state phase transformation mode. Solid-state phase transition was mainly dominated by diffusion-controlled β→α→α2 transformation at small undercooling. Solid-state phase transition gradually was dominated by displacive martensite transformation at deep undercoolings, and corresponding microstructure was mainly characterized by more refined martensite needles. The refined microstructure and martensite transformation domination contributed to the formation of passivation films with improved corrosion resistance. Moreover, this weakens micro-galvanic effect, significantly reduces size of pits, maintains corrosion scales over pits to effectively alleviate the corrosion process, and consequently enhances corrosion resistance.

Cement-mortar lining failure and metal release caused by electrochemical corrosion of ductile iron pipes in drinking water distribution systems

The electrochemical corrosion of ductile pipes (DPs) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) has a crucial impact on cement-mortar lining (CML) failure and metal release, potentially leading to drinking water quality deterioration and posing a risk to public health. An in-situ scanning vibrating electrode technique (SVET) with micron-scale resolution, microscopic scale detection and water quality analysis were used to investigate the corrosion behavior and metal release from DPs throughout the whole CML failure process. Metal pollutants release occurred at three different stages of CML failure process, and there are potential risks of water quality deterioration exceeding the maximum allowable levels set by national standards in the partial failure stage and lining peeling stage. Furthermore, the effects of water chemistry (Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, and Ca2+) on corrosion scale growth and iron release activity, were investigated during the CML partial failure stage. Results showed that the CML failure process in DPs was accelerated by the autocatalysis of localized corrosion. Cl− was found to damage the uncorroded metal surface, while SO42− mainly dissolved the corrosion scale surface, increasing iron release. Both the oxidation of NO3− and selective sedimentation of Ca2+ were found to enhance the stability of corrosion scales and inhibit iron release.

High temperature corrosion and oxide scale formation of nickel in molten NaOH at various basicity levels

The corrosion behavior of alloy Ni 201 in molten sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 600 °C was investigated at varying basicity levels of the molten NaOH. The ability for Ni 201 to form passivating oxides was investigated after immersion tests varying from 70 to 340 h under atmospheres of argon and argon with different partial pressure of water. Morphology and thicknesses of the corrosion products were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and crystallography of the corrosion products by X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Dynamic polarizations were made to investigate the effects of basicity and electrochemical potential.The results showed that Ni 201 corroded at a reduced rate in molten acidic NaOH compared to neutral NaOH due to the formation of NiO. The oxide scales formed on Ni 201 in acidic NaOH were shown to grow non-parabolically and did not result in full corrosion protection as the oxide scales showed crack development over time.

Effects of radial bending stress on hot corrosion behaviour of dissimilar martensitic heat-resistant steel weldments in ultra-supercritical unit

The influences of the applied radial bending stresses on the corrosion behaviour of dissimilar weldments of two types of martensitic heat-resistant steel (F92/Co3W2) are investigated with NaCl–Na2SO4 deposited salts at 620 °C and 24 h employing a four-point bending jig. The applied external stress exhibits no obvious influence on corrosion products, which mainly consist of Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeCr2O4. However, the stress tends to aggravate the corrosion degree, and the weldments with stress addition yield more mass gain and greater corrosion scale thickness. Such phenomenon is more serious in the parent F92, implying F92 is more sensitive to the corrosion environment with stress. The corrosion scale of weldments without stress shows typical double-layer structure: outer Fe–O layer and inner Fe–Cr–O layer, while the weldments with bending stresses show interesting multi-layers (10 or more layers) with Fe-oxide and Fe, Cr-oxide alternately appearing. The mechanism for hot corrosion behaviour and the influence of hot corrosion on the local mechanical properties of different welding zones with and without stresses are further discussed.

Corrosion behavior of Ni-W coatings with and without macroscopic defects under different corrosion conditions

High pressure and high temperature corrosion performance of Ni-W coatings with and without macroscopic defects were investigated successively in live acid at 100 ℃, spent acid and formation water containing CO2&H2S at 160 ℃ by using weight loss method, surface characterization and high temperature and high pressure electrochemical test. Additionally, the corrosion performance of C110 steels was comparatively studied. The results show that compared with C110 steels, Ni-W coatings have better resistance to each harsh corrosive environment with lower uniform corrosion rate, pit depth and decreased corrosion current density. The corrosion rate of Ni-W coatings in both live acid and spent acid are acceptable for oilfields, and its corrosion rate (0.0978 mm/y) in formation water is categorized as moderate-degree corrosion. The corrosion scale consisting of NiS, Ni3S2 or Ni3S4 and a small amount of Ni(OH)2 is stable, compact and closely combined with the substrate, thus effectively slowing down the corrosion rate of Ni-W coatings during long-term immersion. However, the preferential dissolution of Ni causes a W-rich layer on the top layer of Ni-W coating, probably forming WO2, which tends to crack and aggravates the coating degradation. For Ni-W coatings with artificial defects, the galvanic effect and the catalytic role of Cl- synergistically accelerate the corrosion of the C110 substrate at the defect, and its pit depth is over 100 μm after being corroded in formation water. Notably, the corrosion of the C110 substrate extends laterally and deeply along the coating/substrate interface, promoting the local corrosion disbonding of the coating. Therefore, macroscopic defects in Ni-W coatings should be avoided in their practical application.

A Review of Environmentally Friendly Corrosion and Scale Inhibitors

This literature review comprehensively examines the latest research developments in the field of corrosion inhibitors and scale inhibitors, analyzing in depth the current research outcomes, trends, and challenges. As a core area of interdisciplinary research, corrosion and scale inhibition technologies have profound implications for technological advancement and economic development. The review covers key technological innovations and future development prospects in the petrochemical industry. The article begins by tracing the historical development trajectory of corrosion and scale inhibitors, providing an overview of the current situation both domestically and internationally, and highlighting significant breakthroughs over the past few decades. The concluding section outlines future research directions for corrosion and scale inhibitors, indicating that this technology will continue to play a significant role in driving innovation and sustainable development on a global scale.

Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Mechanisms: Historical Development and Key Parameters of CO2-H2O Systems

The recent failures in flexible pipes have motivated the exhaustive research of corrosion mechanisms on high-strength carbon steel armor wires that are the main structural compounds of those structures that mostly operate in seawater environments in the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) and confined spaces. Recently, the literature reported discoveries about electrolyte properties (as Fe+2(aq)/HCO3-(aq.) ratio) and supersaturation, near neutral pH inside the confined space, multiphase reactions of contaminants present in CO2 gas, the formation and dissolution mechanism of FeCO3 film, and interaction of CO2 gas impurities with the corrosion scale. Therefore, this review is aimed at presenting an up-to-date narrative of the CO2 corrosion phenomenon in carbon steel, connecting background fundamentals with current data studies.

Effects of chloride on corrosion scale compositions and heavy metal release in drinking water distribution systems

Variations in water chemistry may lead to the release of harmful heavy metals in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). In this study, the effects of chloride on the release of heavy metals such as Fe, Mn, As, Cr, Mo, V, Sr, and Co were examined using steel and cast iron pipe loops. After chloride was added, the relative contents of goethite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), and siderite (FeCO3) in pipe scales increased, but the contents of magnetite (Fe3O4) decreased. The most prevalent compounds were α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH. When the chloride levels were increased, the effluent concentrations of Fe, Mn, As, Cr, Mo, V, Sr, and Co significantly increased. These heavy metals were released presumably because of the destabilization and dissolution of corrosion scales induced by chloride and adsorption site competition. Strong positive correlations were also observed between Fe&Mn, Fe/Mn&As, Fe/Mn&Cr, Fe/Mn&Mo, Fe/Mn&V, Fe/Mn&Sr, and Fe/Mn&Co, indicating the co-release of Fe, Mn, and other metals. This study may be helpful for the potential strategies on avoidance of heavy metal release and improvement of water supply security.

Uptake of silicate by pipe scale materials and effects on lead release

AbstractThe interactions between dissolved silica and corrosion scale on lead pipes such as hydrocerussite (Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2) and aluminum containing amorphous phases can affect the rates of lead release from the pipes to drinking water. Batch experiments that were well mixed to fully suspend these materials complemented previous experiments that were performed with pipes with intact pipe scales. These experiments focused on chemical interactions between the corrosion scale materials and silicate by decreasing the effect of mass transfer processes associated with solute diffusion into and out of intact scales. The findings from the batch experiments help us understand that the benefits of silicate addition in controlling lead release observed in a previous pipe loop study with pipes with intact scale were primarily due to inhibited diffusion of lead through the scale as a result of silicate uptake and not due to chemical interactions between lead‐containing solids and silicate.

Effect of plastic strain on corrosion-induced hydrogen infusion and embrittlement behaviors of Zn-coated ultra-high strength steel sheet

This study examined the effects of plastic strain on the corrosion-induced hydrogen evolution, infusion, and embrittlement behaviors of ultra-high strength steel sheets with galvanized (GI) and galvannealed (GA) coatings. The tensile pre-straining of the coated steels did not increase the hydrogen permeation flux in the absence of applied cathodic polarization, in contrast to the case under cathodic polarization. This was closely associated with the rapid kinetics of corrosion scale formation under pre-strains, providing an inhibitory effect on the surface. From this aspect, the difference in the resistance to corrosion-induced hydrogen embrittlement between GI and GA-coated steels was mechanistically interpreted.

High Temperature Oxidation of Zircaloy-4 Under Conditions Simulating a Loss of Cooling Accident in Spent Fuel Pools Examined with Raman Imaging and 18o Tracer Techniques

Since the Fukushima accident, an increased attention is continuously paid to the vulnerability of the Spent Fuel Pools (SFPs). In SFPs, for different reasons, degradation of the fuel rods induced by oxidation in air-steam mixtures after dewatering is a major safety concern: (i) the cladding material is the only barrier left against fission product dissemination, (ii) the heat released by the oxidation reactions can overcome the residual decay heat of the fuel and may become the main driving force to the accident escalation, (iii) hydrogen production is a strong concern because of the presence of steam, (iv) presence of air in the atmosphere is known to be an aggravating factor because of the “catalytic” role of nitrogen on the oxidation mechanism.In this study, high temperature oxidation tests in oxygen, air and air - steam atmospheres were performed with Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes and plates specimens. Because spent fuels are concerned, the presence of the corrosion oxide scale formed in reactor during in-service operation was also considered. The tests described in this study were restricted to the 700 – 950°C range, and mostly performed at 850°C. Raman imaging was used to examine the specimens after the oxidation tests, either directly at the oxide surface, or on metallographic preparations for cross-section examinations.We first used new opportunities given by Raman imaging to analyze, at least qualitatively, the structural and mechanical phenomena involved in this particular corrosion phenomena. Indeed, this method can provide information on the nature of phases that are present in the scale and on the stress level with sub-micron spatial resolution. The different methods used to extract this information that is present in the Raman data will be described and discussed.Moreover, isotopic substitution was also considered. Actually, Raman spectroscopy has also the ability to quantitatively extract the 18O distribution in a zirconia oxide scale after a two stage experiment with a fair accuracy. Raman imaging gave clear evidence for different characteristic distributions of 18O in the scales. Some of them have been correlated with the development of cracks and porosity in the oxide which allows the corroding medium to penetrate locally in the scales. Nitrogen appears to have no or limited influence on the oxygen diffusion, but is observed to reach the metal/oxide interface much faster than oxygen. Thus, we also emphasize the potential of this method to investigate the 18O distribution in such complex corrosion scales.

Synergistic effects of trace sulfadiazine and corrosion scales on disinfection by-product formation in bulk water of cast iron pipe

The effects of trace sulfadiazine (SDZ) and cast-iron corrosion scales on the disinfection by-product (DBP) formation in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) were investigated. The results show that under the synergistic effect of trace SDZ (10 μg/L) and magnetite (Fe3O4), higher DBP concentration occurred in the bulk water with the transmission and distribution of the drinking water. Microbial metabolism-related substances, one of the important DBP precursors, increased under the SDZ/Fe3O4 condition. It was found that Fe3O4 induced a faster microbial extracellular electron transport (EET) pathway, resulting in a higher microbial regrowth activity. On the other hand, the rate of chlorine consumption was quite high, and the enhanced microbial EET based on Fe3O4 eliminated the need for microorganisms to secrete excessive extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). More importantly, EPS could be continuously secreted due to the higher microbial activity. Finally, high reactivity between EPS and chlorine disinfectant resulted in the continuous formation of DBPs, higher chlorine consumption, and lower EPS content. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the trace antibiotics polluted water sources and cast-iron corrosion scale composition in the future. This study reveals the synergistic effects of trace antibiotics and corrosion scales on the DBP formation in DWDSs, which has important theoretical significance for the DBP control of tap water.

Corrosion of pipelines in urban water systems: Current research status and future trends based on bibliometric analysis

The urban water systems are of vital importance to the society and the infrastructure is increasing largely due to population growth and urbanization. Corrosion is an inevitable problem faced by urban water pipelines, which causes not only the system failure leading to serious economic losses, but also the deterioration of drinking water quality. This paper quantitatively analyzed 3204 publications related to corrosion in urban water systems in the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection Database since 1997 through bibliometric analysis. The results showed that research interest on corrosion in urban water systems increased exponentially, and the related publications mostly belonged to “Environmental sciences”, “Water resources” and “Environmental engineering” WoS categories. China and the USA have published far more papers than other countries, while Belgium is more influential with the highest citation per publication. Researchers collaborated actively globally, especially Chinese and American authors. The most cited publications showed that researchers mostly focused on the formation and composition of corrosion scales and deposits, and the release of contaminants such as heavy metals from them. The keyword analysis implied continuous research interests in lead leaching from corrosion scales in drinking water systems, and highlighted the hydrogen sulfide emission and the associated concrete biocorrosion in sewers. Future research suggestions were also proposed, including the adsorption and desorption of emerging contaminants from corrosion products in drinking water system, the effect of corrosion inhibitors and biocides dosed in sewers on the wastewater treatment processes and the biocorrosion mechanisms of the pipes in reclaimed water distribution system.

Effect of alloying (Cr, Mo, and V) on corrosion behaviors of API-grade steel in CO2-saturated aqueous solutions with different pH

The corrosion behaviors of steels alloyed with Cr, Mo, and V were examined in two different solution chemistries: near-neutral (pH 6) and weakly acidic (pH 4.5) solutions saturated with CO2. In near-neutral solutions, Cr alloying hindered the formation of a stable corrosion scale on the surface, reducing the corrosion resistance compared to conventional low-carbon steel. On the other hand, the alloyed steel exhibited higher corrosion resistance in acidic solutions. In contrast to the conventional carbon steel, which had a single scale of crystalline FeCO3 scale on its surface, a more stable bi-layer of corrosion scale consisting of an inner layer of amorphous Cr(OH)3 and an outer layer of crystalline FeCO3 was developed on the alloyed steel. This was attributed primarily to the increased thermodynamic stability of Cr(OH)3 with an increase in Cr contents at this solution pH. Moreover, the increase in Cr with Mo addition resulted in a refinement of FeCO3 on the outer surface through increased hydrolysis reactions leading to a decrease in the local pH on the steel surface. Furthermore, adding V, even in minute quantities contributed to an increase in Cr-enrichment in the inner scale by suppressing M7C3 precipitation and leaving more Cr in the solid solution.

Effect of Cr addition on the Corrosion-Wear Behaviors of 18Mn(V, Mo) Steel in a Seawater Environment

The objective of this study was to examine the wear-corrosion behavior of 18Mn(V, Mo) steel, which had a minor amount of Cr addition (< 3 wt%), in an artificial seawater environment, and compare it to conventional carbon steel. A variety of electrochemical experiments, including linear polarization resistance, impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic polarization, were conducted, along with weight loss measurements after immersion and wear-corrosion testing. These tests aimed to determine the static corrosion and wear-corrosion mechanisms of 18Mn(V, Mo) steel with respect to Cr addition. The results of this study indicated that the addition of Cr to 18Mn(V, Mo) steel refined the V4C3 particles in the microstructure, which led to an increase in surface hardness. Moreover, the 18Mn(V, Mo) steel with Cr addition exhibited the lowest corrosion and corrosion-wear losses, compared to 18Mn(V, Mo) steel without Cr and conventional carbon steel. This beneficial effect was primarily attributed to the formation of a thin Crenriched corrosion scale that adhered to the underlying steel. This corrosion scale served as a protective barrier against the penetration of corrosive species and as a lubricant for mechanical wear. The 18Mn(V, Mo) steel with Cr addition has potential application in various industrial fields, particularly in marine and offshore environments, owing to its low corrosion-induced wear loss rate in a brine environment.