Extract Of Coriandrum Sativum Research Articles

Inflammatory bowel disease induced by intracolon instillation of acetic acid: screening study of the effects of different natural drugs

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, is an autoimmune disease associated with altered immunological response, genetic susceptibility and intestinal microflora disorders. The main clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucous bloody and purulent stools, recurrent attacks, and relapse. The mainstream treatment of patients with IBD has been the use of anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory drugs and antibiotics to relieve the symptoms. However currently available drugs are not universally effective and cause considerable adverse effects particularly for long-term therapy. Therefore, there is a pressing need for research that leads to the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IBD. In this context, as a phytotherapic approach, the effects of different plant extracts with anti-inflammatory properties were here investigated in a model of experimental colitis in rat. One hour after induction of colitis by intracolonal instillation of 4% (v/v) acetic acid, extracts of Coriandrum sativum L., Helichrysum italicum Dom., Aloe vera L., Cynara scolymus L., Zingiber officinalis Rosc., Boswellia carteri, Pistacia lentiscus L. (1000 mg/Kg) or dexamethasone (1 mg/kg), the last used as a reference drug, were orally administered. Body weight changes, fecal boli, occurrence of diarrhoea and well-being of the animals were examined 24 hour after induction of colitis. The severity of colitis was assessed by evaluating the macroscopic and microscopic changes of damaged colon and by the measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. The analyses showed that the treatment with Coriandrum sativum L., Helichrysum italicum Dom., Aloe vera L., Cynara scolymus L., Zingiber officinalis Rosc. reduced ulceration and inflammation of colon and countered mieloperoxidase activity elevation. Moreover these extracts reduced microscopic damage as indicated by the decrease of neutrophil infiltration. The present results point out a protective effect of these extracts in experimental rat colitis induced by intracolon instillation of acetic acid, a reliable model for screening agents to potential benefits in IBD. Further studies are needed to better characterize the effect and the possible mechanism(s) of action of these extracts.

Mutagenicity and Safety Evaluation of Water Extract of Coriander sativum Leaves

Coriander has been used as a spice and medicinal plant for centuries. Several studies have described its biological properties and some reports have indicated its pharmacological actions in some human pathology. However, data on its toxicity and metabolism are limited or null, and no research has been conducted with mammalian cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mutagenicity and safety of Coriandrum sativum extract. The mutagenic effects of C. sativum extract were evaluated by Ames test. Mutagenicity was present when the C. sativum extract was used in high concentrations in both tested strains (Salmonella typhimurium TA97 and TA102). Our research showed that C. sativum extract reduced the cell survival of human cell lines (WRL-68 and 293Q cells) by inducing apoptosis and necrosis in the cases where extract concentration was the highest. The C. sativum extract altered the cell cycle; it increased the G1 phase of hepatic cells and reduced the G2+M phase in both cell lines in a dose-response manner. These results showed correlation with a reduction in the mitotic index. The extract also induced severe malformations during embryonic development. Exposure of chicken embryos to the C. sativum extract resulted in a dose-dependent increase of anomalies. Present results show that C. sativum extract reduced the axial skeleton and affected the neural tube, the somites, the cardiovascular structures, and the eye. According to the present results, the C. sativum aqueous extract cannot be considered safe. These results indicate that some significant adverse effects of C. sativum extract could be observed in vivo.

Acute diuretic effect of continuous intravenous infusion of an aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum L. in anesthetized rats

Aim of the study The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the acute diuretic activity of continuous intravenous infusion of an aqueous extract of the seed of Coriandrum sativum L. Apiaceae (coriander) in rats. Materials and Methods The aqueous extract of coriander seed was administered by continuous intravenous infusion (120 min) at two doses (40 and 100 mg/kg) to anesthetized Wistar rats. Furosemide (10 mg/kg), a standard diuretic was used as the reference drug. Excretion of water and electrolytes (sodium, potassium and chloride) in urine was measured, and glomerular filtration rate (equal to creatinine clearance) was determined. Results The crude aqueous extract of coriander seeds increased diuresis, excretion of electrolytes, and glomerular filtration rate in a dose-dependent way; furosemide was more potent as a diuretic and saluretic. The mechanism of action of the plant extract appears to be similar to that of furosemide. Conclusions The aqueous extract of coriander seed possesses diuretic and saluretic activity, thus, validating the use of coriander as a diuretic plant in Moroccan pharmacopoeia.

In vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of crude extracts of Coriandrum sativum against Haemonchus contortus

In vitro anthelmintic activities of crude aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of the seeds of Coriandrum sativum (Apiaceae) were investigated on the egg and adult nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus. The aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum was also investigated for in vivo anthelmintic activity in sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus. Both extract types of Coriandrum sativum inhibited hatching of eggs completely at a concentration less than 0.5 mg/ml. ED 50 of aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum was 0.12 mg/ml while that of hydro-alcoholic extract was 0.18 mg/ml. There was no statistically significant difference between aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts ( p > 0.05). The hydro-alcoholic extract showed better in vitro activity against adult parasites than the aqueous one. For the in vivo study, 24 sheep artificially infected with Haemonchus contortus were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each. The first two groups were treated with crude aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum at 0.45 and 0.9 g/kg dose levels, the third group with albendazole at 3.8 mg/kg and the last group was left untreated. Efficacy was tested by faecal egg count reduction (FECR) and total worm count reduction (TWCR). On day 2 post treatment, significant FECR was detected in groups treated with higher dose of Coriandrum sativum ( p < 0.05) and albendazole ( p < 0.001). On days 7 and 14 post treatment, significant FECR was not detected for both doses of Coriandrum sativum ( p > 0.05). Significant ( p < 0.05) TWCR was detected only for higher dose of Coriandrum sativum compared to the untreated group. Reduction in male worms was higher than female worms. Treatment with both doses of Coriandrum sativum did not help the animals improve or maintain their PCV while those treated with albendazole showed significant increase in PCV ( p < 0.05).

The Efficacy of an Herbal Medicine, Carmint, on the Relief of Abdominal Pain and Bloating in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot Study

Carmint contains total extracts of Melissa officinalis, Mentha spicata, and Coriandrum sativum, which have antispasmodic, carminative, and sedative effects. As abdominal pain/discomfort and bloating are commonly observed in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, we decided to evaluate the effectiveness of Carmint in relieving these symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome patients. We randomly assigned 32 irritable bowel syndrome patients to receive either Carmint or placebo, plus Loperamide or psyllium (based on their predominant bowel function), for 8 weeks. T-test analysis of the results showed that the severity and frequency of abdominal pain/discomfort were significantly lower in the Carmint group than the placebo group at the end of the treatment (P=0.016 and P=0.001, respectively), as were the severity and frequency of bloating (P=0.02 and P=0.002, respectively). This pilot study suggests that Carmint plus loperamide or Carmint plus psyllium (depending on the irritable bowel syndrome subtype) might be effective in these patients.

Coriandrum sativum: evaluation of its anxiolytic effect in the elevated plus-maze

The clinical applications of benzodiazepines as anxiolytics are limited by their unwanted side effects. Therefore, the development of new pharmacological agents is well justified. Among medicinal plants, Coriandrum sativum L. has been recommended for relief of anxiety and insomnia in Iranian folk medicine. Nevertheless, no pharmacological studies have thus far evaluated its effects on central nervous system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine if the aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum seed has anxiolytic effect in mice. Additionally, its effect on spontaneous activity and neuromuscular coordination were evaluated. The anxiolytic effect of aqueous extract (10, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg, i.p.) was examined in male albino mice using elevated plus-maze as an animal model of anxiety. The effects of the extract on spontaneous activity and neuromuscular coordination were assessed using Animex Activity Meter and rotarod, respectively. In the elevated plus-maze, aqueous extract at 100 mg/kg showed an anxiolytic effect by increasing the time spent on open arms and the percentage of open arm entries, compared to control group. Aqueous extract at 50, 100 and 500 mg/kg significantly reduced spontaneous activity and neuromuscular coordination, compared to control group. These results suggest that the aqueous extract of Coriandrum sativum seed has anxiolytic effect and may have potential sedative and muscle relaxant effects.

The effects of traditional antidiabetic plants on in vitro glucose diffusion

Plants represent a vast source of potentially useful dietary supplements for improving blood glucose control and preventing long-term complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ten aqueous plant extracts with proven antihyperglycemic properties were examined at a concentration of 50g plant extract/l using an in vitro method to assess their possible effects on glucose diffusion across the gastrointestinal tract. Agrimony eupatoria (agrimony) and Persea americana (avocado) decreased glucose movement in vitro more than 50%. Aqueous extracts of Agaricus campestris (mushroom), Coriandrum sativum (coriander), Eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus), Juniperus communis (juniper), Medicago sativa (lucerne), and Viscum album (mistletoe) decreased significantly glucose movement but were less effective than agrimony and avocado. Urtica diocia (nettle) and Sambucus nigra (elder) extracts did not significantly decrease glucose diffusion. The effects of agrimony, avocado, coriander and mushroom extracts were found to be concentration-dependent. These results suggest that part of the antihyperglycemic actions of these plants may be by decreasing glucose absorption in vivo.

Antioxidant Activity of Indian Herbal Drugs in Rats with Aloxan-induced Diabetes

Methanol extracts (75%) of Aegle marmelos, Momordica charantia, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Eclipta prostrata, Salacia oblonga, Coriandrum sativum, Vernonia anthelmintica and Murraya koenigii, plants used extensively in the Indian system of medicine, were found to be potent inhibitors of lipid peroxide formation and scavengers of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in vitro. Oral administration of the extracts (100 mg/kg body weight) were found to reduce the serum glucose level in normal and alloxan (120 mg/kg) diabetic rats significantly for 4h and continued administration of the drug sustained this effect. Reduction of serum glucose by activities of herbal drugs such as Aegle marmelos (56.8%), Momordica charantia (55.4%) and Trigonella foenum-graecum (52.5%) were almost as high as the activity of insulin (60.4%). The extract of Aegle marmelos showed highest activity as an antidiabetic and antioxidant, compared to other extracts. The results indicated that oxidant induced alterations in the glucose utilizing system during diabetic manifestation is partially reversed by the administration of herbal extracts having antioxidant activity.

Action of Extracts of Apiaceae on Feeding Behavior and Neurophysiology of the Field Slug Deroceras reticulatum

A systematic examination was made of the plant family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) in which extracts of 33 species, representing 32 genera, were screened for antifeedant activity against the field slug Deroceras reticulatum by using an electrophysiological recording assay. In this assay, the olfactory sensory epithelium of the posterior tentacle of the slug was exposed to volatile components of the plant extracts presented in an airstream, and any subsequent activity of the olfactory nerve was recorded. Extracts of 22 species elicited a range of nervous activity in the preparation. A feeding bioassay was used to measure any change in consumption when extracts were added to a standard food. Statistical analysis of data obtained from both electrophysiological traces and the feeding bioassays identified extracts of Petroselinum crispum, Conium maculatum, and Coriandrum sativum as being the most neuroactive as well as the most antifeedant.

Influence of several plant extracts on the oviposition behaviour of Aedes fluviatilis (Lutz) (Diptera: Culicidae) in the laboratory

Whole, ethanolic, hexanic, lyophilized extracts of several plants and anacardic acid tested in respect of their influence on the oviposition behavior of Aedes fluviatilis (Lutz) at 100, 10 and 1 ppm concentrations. Extracts of Allium stivum, Jatropha curcas, Mikania schenkii, Poinciana regia and Spatodea campanulata had a repulsive effect (α=0.05) on females at 100 ppm, those of Anacardium occidentale, Bidens segetum and Caesalpinia peltophoroides were also repelent at 10 ppm. Extracts of Coriandrum sativum (100, 10 and 1 ppm), Chara Zeylanica (10 ppm), Cupressus sempervirens (10 ppm), Foeniculum vulgare (10 ppm) and Spatodea campanulata (1 ppm) were attractive to the females; 13 (52.0%) of the extracts tested, did not influence the oviposition behavior.

Coriandrin, a novel highly photoactive compound isolated from Coriandrum sativum

Extracts of Coriandrum sativum L. were analysed for photoactive constituents using HPLC analysis and photobiological assay. Two new photoactive furoisocoumarins, named coriandrin and dihydrocoriandrin, were isolated, and their structures determined by 1H and 13C NMR and X-ray crystallography.