Cooperative Governance Research Articles

Foreign Cooperation in the Japanese Government’s Fire Fighting Facilities Grant to Indonesia

Cooperation is part of associative social interaction. The existence of cooperation in a group is an important element, a constructive cooperation will create successful and good results in its implementation in groups. Like group, a country needs other countries to meet its needs. This then became the trigger for foreign cooperation. The mainly focus of this research is about the cooperation between the Governments of Indonesia and Japan in International Assistance in the form of Grants for Fire Extinguishing Facilities from the Japanese Government to three Regional Governments in Indonesia, namely: Garut, Belitung, and Paniai. The importanance about this research is to explain about implementation of the Cooperation between the Governments of Japan and Indonesia in the Grant of Fire Extinguishing Facilities to the Indonesian Government, especially the Belitung Regional Government. The study show that the implementation of cooperation between the government, in this case the Belitung Regional Government and the Japanese Fire Fighting Association, has a good and mutually beneficial effect, it's just that the implementation process has not optimal yet because there are several difficulties found such as time synchronization and the involvement of several ministries which causes disparities in Standard Operating. Procedure (SOP) in its implementation. This results in the possibility that the Belitung Government cannot realize this assistance this year, because the implementation has entered the end of the fiscal year which does not allow the arrival of goods or in this case objects of assistance where the last budget disbursement process was carried out in mid-December. Based on the data research on the Cooperation between the Japanese and Indonesian Governments in Fire Fighting Facilities Grants associated with the concept of good governance, the author's suggestion regarding this research is that hoped in the future the Indonesian government will further improve the quality of its bureaucracy by applying values to the concept of good governance so that problems and difficulties such as those encountered in the implementation of the Cooperation between the Japanese and Indonesian Governments in the Fire Fighting Equipment Grant can be minimized.

Transboundary cooperation in Arctic climate change governance under geopolitical tensions

Political conflicts or geopolitical tensions can create uncertainty in addressing climate change and environmental management in the Arctic. Dissecting how actors interact with each other and form networks is important for understanding ecological and environmental management challenges during geopolitical tensions, as well as promoting better governance. We construct transboundary networks for Arctic climate change governance (ACCG) from 2013 to 2021 based on the Global Database of Events, Language, and Tone (GDELT). Further, we used network descriptive statistical analysis and Temporal Exponential Random Graph Models (TERGM) to explore the structure of ACCG networks and the key factors influencing cooperation formation. The findings suggest that the overall cooperation density of the ACCG is low, and the dominant position of core actors is continuously strengthening. Non-state actors are less likely to be seen as partners and their participation depends largely on cooperation with states. The results also show that actors with similar stances and problem exposure are more likely to cooperate, but those exposed to high latitudes often choose not to cooperate; first-comers are more likely to perceive as cooperating yet they are inclined to establish internal cooperation. Additionally, two geographically proximate actors are more likely to cooperate. This indicates that under geopolitical tensions, the ACCG faces challenges not only due to the limited capacity of non-state actors to perform transboundary functions but also because the cooperation mechanisms are influenced by regional political logic. Accordingly, we further suggest policy recommendations from developing binding international frameworks to guide transboundary cooperation, enhancing cooperation among non-state actors, and ensuring the representativeness and fairness of non-Arctic actors' participation. This research provides insights into transboundary environmental management under political tensions, while also offering new pathways for analysing large-scale environmental governance structures.

Learning through Place-Based Implementation of the UNESCO MAB Program in South Africa’s Oldest Biosphere Reserve: A Case Study of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve

UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is implemented through a world network of biosphere reserves, which offer a holistic people-centered landscape-level conservation approach. When successfully implemented the program enhances social–ecological system sustainability and resilience. However, there remains a research gap in understanding and collating lessons from individual sites for the benefit of the program globally. We assess MAB implementation in South Africa’s oldest biosphere reserve, the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve (KBR; est. 1998). Using semi-structured in-depth interviews with directors and the coordinator, complemented by document analysis, we explore the governance and implementation learnings of the KBR as it has evolved. The KBR program implementation is guided by global necessity, but driven by the local context, which for the KBR translates to a non-profit organization cooperative governance model. The site faces a perceived lack of government financial support and awareness of the ‘biosphere reserve’ concept. Despite these challenges, successes have emerged in the formation of local partnerships to fulfil critical roles in socio-economic development and biodiversity conservation. The learnings from KBR, as it strives to become a model site for sustainability, are useful for other sites similarly operationalizing an international designation for local conditions.

Data Ownership and Digital Governance: Promoting Enterprise Cooperation and Sustainable Development

In the contemporary data-driven era, the triad of data ownership, digital governance, and government-enterprise cooperation is woven intricately into the fabric of the digital landscape. At the core of this interconnected web lies the imperative to strike a delicate balance between safeguarding data rights, fostering data sharing, and upholding data security, all pillars underpinning the sustainable growth of digital ecosystems. This paper aims to illuminate the profound interplay between data ownership complexities, enterprise management strategies, and the overarching domain of digital governance. Furthermore, it delineates the landscape of pertinent legal frameworks that govern this intricate terrain. By embracing a nuanced, scenario-driven approach to data protection and by nurturing collaborations among diverse stakeholders, this article embarks on a quest to unravel how the implementation of effective cooperation models can serve as catalysts for the sustainable evolution of the digital economy. Simultaneously, these models advocate for responsible data governance, ensuring that the fundamental values of individual privacy and corporate interests remain duly safeguarded.

The Impact of Intergovernmental Cooperation and Local Fiscal Autonomy on Environmental Regional Governance: Evidence From China Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

Previous research on regional environmental pollution acknowledge that cross-level government cooperation plays an important role in controlling regional environmental pollution. However, the balance between local fiscal autonomy and governance costs has received little attention. To fill this research gap, this paper argues a model of local fiscal autonomy moderating the efficiency of environmental governance, which provides a basis for studying the effect of local fiscal autonomy on intergovernmental cooperative environmental governance. We collected the data set of the China Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, using Tobit regression model to evaluate the effect of local fiscal autonomy on cooperative arrangements and the moderating effect. The results show that higher local fiscal autonomy will positively affect vertical intervention actions and improve the efficiency of environmental governance. In addition, we found that more special funding for environmental projects will weaken the performance of horizontal cooperation on regional environmental governance.

NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENT: A SMALL BUSINESS STRATEGY OF WALNUT

The management of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) holds significant benefits for forest-adjacent communities, including the potential for commercial ventures such as the walnut enterprise. This study aims to examine the walnut business in Onto Village, Bontomatene District, Selayar Islands Regency, Indonesia, analyse internal and external factors, and formulate a development strategy for the walnut business. This study employs SWOT analysis and the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The findings suggest that the walnut industry has the potential to be a profitable venture and a standout product in the region. Internal factor analysis indicates that the the availability of labour is the most significant strength (0.021) in the walnut business, while insufficient accessibility of commodity sources represents the most notable weakness (0.085). On the external front, a promising farming business emerges as the highest priority opportunity (0.146), whereas the absence of a walnut business development program poses the most significant threat (0.235). The prioritised strategy for implementation is the W-T2 strategy, with a value of 0.75, focusing on enhancing community and government cooperation to improve infrastructure, particularly roads leading to walnut fields.

Cooperation of the Local Government with the Private Security Sector in Ensuring Local Security

Local communities are becoming increasingly important in the process of ensuring security. Although these issues are the responsibility of the most important national state authorities, thanks to the principle of decentralisation of public authority, some of these powers have been transferred to lower levels of the state’s territorial division, including the local level. From the point of view of ensuring security, this is extremely important. The local government bodies are closest to the citizens, thanks to which they know their needs best. It should be noted, however, that many stakeholders are involved in ensuring local security, including the private sector. For the actions taken by all entities involved in this process to be effective, their cooperation is necessary. The study aimed to analyse and evaluate local government cooperation at the local (municipal) level with the private security sector.StreszczenieWspólnoty lokalne nabierają coraz większego znaczenia w procesie zapewniania bezpieczeństwa. Pomimo, że za kwestie te odpowiadają najważniejsze organy państwowe o ogólnokrajowym zasięgu działania, dzięki zasadzie decentralizacji władzy publicznej część z tych uprawnień została przekazana na niższe szczeble podziału terytorialnego państwa, ze szczeblem lokalnym włącznie, co jest niezwykle istotne z punktu widzenia zapewniania bezpieczeństwa. To organy samorządu terytorialnego znajdują się bowiem najbliżej obywateli, dzięki czemu najlepiej znają ich potrzeby. Zauważyć należy jednak, że w proces zapewniania bezpieczeństwa lokalnego zaangażowanych jest wielu interesariuszy, w tym także sektor prywatny. Aby działania podejmowane przez wszystkie zaangażowane w ten proces podmioty były skuteczne, konieczna jest ich współpraca. Celem przeprowadzonych badań była analiza i ocena współpracy samorządu terytorialnego na poziomie lokalnym (gminnym) z prywatnym sektorem ochrony.ZusammenfassungLokale Gemeinschaften werden bei der Gewährleistung der Sicherheit immer wichtiger. Obwohl diese Fragen in die Zuständigkeit der wichtigsten nationalen Staatsbehörden fallen, wurden dank des Prinzips der Dezentralisierung der öffentlichen Gewalt einige dieser Befugnisse auf niedrigere Ebenen der territorialen Gliederung des Staates, einschließlich der lokalen Ebene, übertragen. Unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Gewährleistung der Sicherheit ist dies äußerst wichtig. Es sind die lokalen Behörden, die den Bürgern am nächsten stehen und deren Bedürfnisse am besten kennen. Es ist jedoch zu beachten, dass viele Interessengruppen, darunter auch der Privatsektor, in den Prozess der Gewährleistung der lokalen Sicherheit eingebunden sind. Damit die Maßnahmen aller an diesem Prozess beteiligten Stellen wirksam sind, ist deren Zusammenarbeit erforderlich. Ziel der Studie war es, die Zusammenarbeit der Kommunen auf lokaler (kommunaler) Ebene mit dem privaten Sicherheitssektor zu analysieren und zu bewerten.РезюмеМестные общины играют все более важную роль в процессе обеспечения безопасности. Несмотря на то что за эти вопросы отвечают важнейшие государственные органы общенационального масштаба, благодаря принципу децентрализации государственной власти некоторые из полномочий были перенесены на более низкие уровни территориального устройства государства, в том числе на местный уровень, что чрезвычайно важно с точки зрения обеспечения безопасности. Именно местные и региональные власти ближе всего к гражданам и, следовательно, лучше всего знают их потребности. Однако следует отметить, что в процесс обеспечения безопасности на местах включены многие заинтересованные стороны, в том числе частный сектор. Для того чтобы действия всех участников этого процесса были эффективными, необходимо сотрудничество между ними. Цель проведенного исследования - анализ и оценка сотрудничества органов местного самоуправления на локальном (муниципальном) уровне с частным сектором безопасности.ResumenEl papel de las comunidades locales en el proceso de garantizar la seguridad es cada vez mayor. Pese a que estas cuestiones son incumbencia de los organismos estatales más relevantes con alcance nacional, gracias al principio de descentralización del poder público, algunas de estas competencias se han transferido a niveles inferiores de la división territorial del Estado, incluido el nivel municipal. Desde el punto de vista de la seguridad, esto es de vital importancia. Esto es porque son los órganos de gobierno local los que están más cerca de los ciudadanos y, por tanto, los que mejor conocen sus necesidades. Ahora bien, hay que señalar que numerosas partes interesadas, incluido el sector privado, participan en el proceso de gestión de la seguridad local. A fin de que las acciones emprendidas por todos los actores implicados sean eficaces, es esencial que trabajen juntos. El estudio realizado tenía por objeto analizar y evaluar la cooperación de la administración local (municipal) con el sector privado de la seguridad.

Local Inter-Governmental Cooperation in Regional Innovation in China: Historical Evolution and Logic of Change

Under the innovation-driven development strategy, inter-governmental cooperation in regional innovation has proliferated, but the historical change logic of local government participation in innovation cooperation has not been explained yet. Based on the theoretical paradigm of historical institutionalism, this paper attempts to construct a "structure-history-action" analytical framework for local government participation in innovation cooperation. Based on the theoretical paradigm of historical institutionalism, this paper attempts to construct a "structure-history-action" analytical framework for inter-governmental cooperation in regional innovation. In the course of more than forty years of change, inter-governmental cooperation in regional innovation in China can be divided into four stages. In the course of more than forty years of change, inter-governmental cooperation in regional innovation in China can be divided into four stages. Firstly, it has been driven by structural conditions in macro-institutional change; secondly, 'path dependence' Firstly, it has been driven by structural conditions in macro-institutional change; secondly, 'path dependence' caused by political and cultural genes, administrative institutional traditions and the 'key nodes' that drive change. Finally, the perceptions and interests of local governments, as micro-actors, have profoundly shaped the direction of change. On this basis, the development path of inter- governmental cooperation in regional innovation is proposed: strengthening the top-level design of innovation cooperation and optimizing.

Status and Development of Agricultural Public-Private Partnership Program Implementation in China

<p>As the initiator of the Belt and Road Initiative, the Chinese Government’s goal in agriculture is to promote the sustainable development of agriculture throughout China and the world. One of the feasible ways to realize this goal is to adopt the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model. This study aims to analyze the current status of agricultural PPP projects in China and their impacts. This study utilized the Ministry of Finance database to collect 2014 to 2022 data on agricultural PPP projects in China. The collected data were organized and analyzed to analyze the current situation and return mechanism of Chinese agricultural PPP projects. The results show that China’s agricultural PPP projects are less attractive than other sectors, government and social-private sector cooperation is less sustainable, and laws and regulations and risk assessment are not well developed. Therefore, this study proposes to promote the development of agricultural PPP projects by standardizing the law, improving the return mechanism, and strengthening the risk assessment. Thus, it further promotes the sustainable development of agriculture and plays a certain positive role.</p>

TEST OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF GENERAL BANKING HEALTH LISTED ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE 2018-2022 USING THE RGEC METHOD

This research aims to analyze the comparative level of health of commercial banks using the RGEC method: (Risk profile, Good Cooperative Governance, Earnings and Capital). The use of the RGEC method has been determined by BI (Bank Indonesia) and has been used since 2012 and is stipulated in PBI number 13/1/PBI/2011. The objects used in this research are Islamic commercial banks with a total of 9 banks that have the largest assets and are registered on the BEI (Financial Services Authority) and have annual reports and GCG (Good Corporate Governance) reports. Research that uses quantitative methods uses comparative analysis and uses non-parametric tests. Based on the research results, show that the risk profile variable is assessed using LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio), the GCG variable comes from PDN Net Open Exchange Position, the Earnings variable uses ROA (Return On Assets), the Capital variable is based on risk profile factors which are measured using CAR (Capital Adequacy). Ratio), Bank health variables are measured using NOM (Net Operating Margin). Variables that have ratios because this research uses ratio values as a comparison. Significant comparison results indicate that there are significant differences in each variable.

MENJALIN KERJA SAMA PEMERINTAH DAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PEMBANGUNAN DI KALURAHAN CONDONCANTUR

This journal discusses government and community cooperation in development in the Condongcatur sub-district, namely encouraging community participation to build their own village and so that it becomes better and community involvement must be active in development. Starting from the results of the interview, the author was interested in taking this title in order to find out how community participation in development in the Condongcatur Village, Kapanewon Depok, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. To explain community participation in development, this writer uses a qualitative descriptive research method. The data collection method was carried out through interviews and observation with the selection of informants according to the aims of this researcher. The Condongcatur sub-district government and encouraging community participation in general already understand the development activities that are carried out every year. Community participation is quite active, but has not been able to provide comprehensive data and information. In implementing the strategy, the Condongcatur urban village government experienced obstacles which included a lack of budgetary funds and not optimal public awareness.

The Implementation Effect of China’s River and Lake Chief System

The river and lake chief system offers a valuable policy toolkit to mitigate the degradation of water ecology, thereby bolstering water resource management for sustainable water development in China. To evaluate the effects of implementation and improve policy, this study took Beijing as a typical case and conducted a quantitative assessment using multidimensional data. The findings suggest that while the river and lake chief system in Beijing is effective and has significantly contributed to the ecological management of rivers and lakes, there are also notable regional disparities and urban–rural divergences. In addition, human activities are the main sources of environmental pollution in rivers and lakes, which should be the focus of the river and lake chief system. The river and lake chief system needs to embed more public participation and cooperative governance. This research aids in better understanding China’s river and lake chief system for both researchers and practitioners, facilitating the advancement of the knowledge body of global water policy and governance.

Review and perspectives of the strategic partnership China European Union

The author proposes a commitment to dialogue and good relationships. In summary, she says that the world needs a Europe of peace, dialogue and negotiation, so as not to be the scene of hostilities and in this way, to become an actor to fully participate in the birth of the more just and inclusive multipolar world, which China seeks. Therefore, the author suggests that it is a time for cooperation and not for hegemonic powers, for collaboration and not for conflicts. The comprehensive strategic partnership has been extremely economically beneficial for both China and the European Union. As great defenders of peace and security through dialogue and diplomacy, China and the EU have many possibilities for cooperation: China needs Europe, as Europe needs China. Beijing and Brussels defend their commitment to multilateralism, written in the DNA of the Union, and adopted by China as a tool to continue advancing its development, but their different visions on the role and direction that international institutions should take limit a much-needed cooperation in global governance. They have a complicated journey to trust, cooperation, mutual benefit and equity, but they are moved by different values and rhythms. Therefore, the author suggests that the future of bilateral relations and their comprehensive strategic partnership depends on the two parties learning to dialogue from new realities and committing to building trust and respecting each other.

Law enforcement in the implication of Blue Cooperation – A reflection of China

Blue cooperation is a kind of maritime cooperation with the goal of sustainable development, the tone of openness and inclusiveness, and the means of innovation and sharing, which has a solid foundation in international law. Its connotation has been enriched in the progress of international governance. China has consistently been a steadfast implementer and practitioner of blue cooperation, but is confronted with internal and external challenges amidst a once-in-a-century global transformation. China should draw lessons from existing experiences in international "blue" ocean governance, effectively utilize the cooperative tools provided by international law, focus on common interests among various parties, build a comprehensive, wide-ranging, and multi-level pattern of blue cooperation, deepen a global blue partnership based on equality, openness, and cooperation, and construct a new discourse system for blue cooperation under the concept of a community of shared future for humanity, which aims to achieve new developments in global ocean cooperation governance.

The Optimization Strategy of Tourism Space

With the expansion of the scale of cultural heritage tourism, the contradiction between cultural heritage space and tourism activities is becoming more and more prominent, and the integrity and authenticity of cultural heritage are facing threats. This study took Gulangyu Island as the research object. From the perspective of marketing, combined with the theories of architecture, urban and rural planning, and other disciplines, this paper analyzed the current situation of tourism space on Gulangyu Island and put forward tourism space optimization strategies. The research pointed out the current problems of Gulangyu Island in terms of product type, product design, and product quality through the method of literature research. In view of the current problems of Gulangyu tourism space, the optimization strategy of Gulangyu tourism space was put forward: first, optimize the allocation of resources and build a tourist scenic spot with cultural heritage resources as the main body; second, establish a multi-subject cooperative governance model, using the historical and cultural heritage of Gulangyu Island to improve the optimization strategy of tourism space; third, build a linkage tourism product system, improve transportation infrastructure, and ease the flow of people in hot areas.

Assessing the Specificity of Intellectual Property Rights and Contractual Agreements for E-Sports Athletes in South Korea

The rapid evolution of the E-Sports industry presents unique legal and regulatory challenges, necessitating a comprehensive and adaptable framework to ensure sustainable growth, protect stakeholders, and maintain competitive integrity. South Korea, a global leader in E-Sports, exemplifies the complexities and opportunities within this burgeoning sector. This analysis explores the current legal hurdles in E-Sports, including intellectual property disputes, contractual ambiguities, player welfare concerns, and regulatory inconsistencies across jurisdictions. It proposes strategies for legal and regulatory improvement, emphasizing the standardization of contracts, enhancement of intellectual property protections, establishment of player welfare programs, and the need for global cooperation in E-Sports governance. By addressing these challenges, South Korea can further solidify its position as a model for E-Sports regulation, contributing to the global discourse on E-Sports law and setting a benchmark for other nations. This approach underscores the importance of flexibility, innovation, and collaboration among all E-Sports stakeholders to navigate the industry’s dynamic legal landscape.

Symphony of sustainability: how technology similarity impacts international trade patterns in environmental goods.

The global consensus on sustainable development and environmental cooperation has prompted the promotion of trade in environmental goods (EGs) for green growth. This study delves into the diversity of EGs trade patterns, using decomposed environmental technology similarity indicators to reveal the technological drivers. Linking innovation indicators to trade performance in EGs provides new insights into the determinants of inequality in environmental governance cooperation. Based on an extended gravity model, we empirically analyze their impact on bilateral EGs trade flows among 176 countries over the period 2002-2019. The study finds that (1) the global EGs trade network presents a "core-periphery" structure, with increased network density and participation of developing countries. (2) Technology similarity contributes significantly to EGs trade. Compared to competition, technology complementarity has a greater impact on EGs trade flows. (3) The influence of technology similarity varies across trade patterns and product complexity explains the mechanisms, with technology complementarity promoting more trade in high-complexity products, mainly concentrated in the trade from Northern countries, while technology competition greatly promotes the export of low-complexity products from the South. (4) Technology similarity helps to overcome information barriers in EGs trade, and its trade-enhancing effects exhibit geographical regionalization. The findings offer empirical evidence on the technological drivers of EGs trade and provide policy implications for fostering inclusive global environmental governance and enhancing the competitive advantages of Southern countries, fostering more opportunities for green growth.

Design of the Bali Province Food Security Action Plan towards Food Independence

The problem of hunger is one of the problems that still occur in Indonesia. The problem of hunger is closely related to the problem of staple foods, such as the unmet security of staple food, rice as the community's main food, and the increasing demand for staple foods. This research aims to analyze the challenges faced by Bali Province in maintaining sustainable food security and to design food security action designs in Bali Province towards food independence. The data used in this research are primary data and secondary data with a descriptive analysis method using ISM analysis. The results of the research show that food challenges that occur in Bali Province include reduced agricultural land, unbalanced supply and demand for food commodities, weak use and mastery of technology, lack of farming management and product marketing, the proportion of crop loss and food waste is still quite high, food loss due to inaccuracy in handling food, the area of agricultural land per capita is very limited, the number of young people interested in working in the agricultural sector is still problematic, the age of farmers over 45 years reaches 64.2%, Indonesia is also still facing three times the burden of nutrition, climate change, and hydrometeorological disasters. The Bali Province's food security design towards food independence consists of farmers, government, companies, financial institutions, and agricultural cooperatives who are interconnected with each other.

Term limits in Africa between the European Union (EU) and China: Opportunities and challenges of trilateral cooperation in politics and governance

Term limits in Africa between the European Union (EU) and China: Opportunities and challenges of trilateral cooperation in politics and governance

Rebel Governance Structures and Violence in Apartheid South Africa

ABSTRACT What role do rebel governance structures play in deterring rebel-on-rebel violence? I argue that variation in rebel governance is an important factor. In 1990s South Africa, the African National Congress (ANC) and its armed wing, the MK, employed different governance strategies over pro-ANC militias. In the Sharpeville township, the MK imposed a hierarchical governance structure, which contributed to inter-factional ANC violence. In the Thokoza township, the ANC formed a cooperative governance structure between the ANC and the militias. As a result, Thokoza experienced less internecine conflict. Evidence for my argument comes from archival research and interviews with former pro-ANC militants.