Convection Flow Of Nanofluid Research Articles

Fractional simulations for mixed convection flow of hybrid nanofluids due to inclined channel with chemical reaction and external heat source features

The present continuation investigates an unsteady mixed free convective flow of magnetohydrodynamics hybrid nanofluid due to inclined porous plates. The copper, aluminum, aluminum oxide, and gold nanoparticles are utilized to enhance the thermal importance of water-based fluid. The flow is moving through the plates in the existence of a magnetic field. The influences of Newtonian heating, thermal radiation, as well as a chemical reaction on the fluidflow is also examined. The dimensionless equations are fractionalized by the well-known time-fractional operators i.e. Caputo–Fabrizio (CF) and Atangana – Baleanu (AB). The semi-analytical solution to the problem is attained via the Laplace transform. Stehfest, and Tzou,s algorithms are exploited to acquire inverse Laplace transform. A comparison of different numerical schemes computed via Stehfest and Tzou algorithm has been validated and confirmed. The achieved results are clarified by graphical demonstrations and tables.

A Radiative Chemical Process for the Methylene Blue Degradation by Natural Convective Nanofluid Flow over an Upright Cone.

An upstraight cone with nonisothermal surface velocity, temperature, and concentration was investigated using a numerical solution approach to simulate MHD, MB dye, and various nanofluid flows. Numerical evaluation of the flow field equation was carried out using an excellent finite difference method after it has been converted into a dimensionless form. Different heat transfer occurrences were observed depending on temperature, velocity, and concentration when using several types of nanofluids (TiO, Ag, Cu, and Al2O3Z3). The amount of MB dye that was degraded by the synthesized nanofluids under the influence of sunlight irradiation was 81.40 percent as a catalyst (carbon nanodots). The parametric analysis of various features of flow fields has been shown using graphs. It was observed that heat is generated from the cone during the sun light irradiation reaction, heat is transferred to MB dye containing nanofluids, and heat interacts with nanofluids and is involved in the chemical reaction with the assistance of electrons. As MB dye degrades in the absence of catalysts (carbon nanodots), it is only 52 percent effective. MB dye is degraded at 81.40 percent, then becomes stable, and takes 120 minutes to degrade in nanofluids containing MB dye with catalysts (carbon nanodots).

Soret and Dufour effects on MHD mixed convection flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid over a permeable stretching sheet

The use of hybrid nanofluids can improve the engine operation and fuel efficiency in automotive engineering, as well as the efficiency of cooling systems used in food processing and preservation. This study provides insight for the development of efficient heat exchangers, thermal energy storage systems and cooling systems for various industrial applications, which can improve product quality and safety. The study aims to investigate the Soret and Dufour effects in hybrid nanofluid flow, with the goal of understanding their behaviour and potential applications in various industries. The flow is over a vertically stretched permeable sheet with porous material under convective boundary conditions and a non-uniform heat source/sink. The reduced governing equations are represented by non-linear-coupled ordinary differential equations solved by means of the shooting method based on the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. Enhancing the Casson parameter reduces the fluid velocity while enhancing the mass and thermal Grashof numbers increases the flow velocity. The Soret and Dufour effects improve temperature and concentration, and a higher Biot number increases the temperature. The novelty of this investigation lies in its incorporation of Soret and Dufour effects, porosity, heat source/sink and a more refined definition of nanoflow, which is compared to previous results.

Ferro-hydrodynamic induced convection flow and heat transfer of nanofluids in a corrugated wall enclosure

This study aims to improve heat transfer by utilizing Kelvin forces and inducing magnetic-induced convection in ferro-hydrodynamic convection, in conjunction with nanoparticle migrations. The fundamental equations governing the conservation of mass, momentum, energy, and nanoparticle mass were formulated as partial differential equations. As primary terms, the model incorporated the buoyancy, Lorenz, and Kelvin forces. In this context, temperature variations in the presence of a variable magnetic field generate a temperature-dependent body force. This can induce fluid circulation. Thus, even without gravitational force, magnetic force can stimulate convection heat transfer flows. The study thoroughly examined the impact of magnetic source placement on heat transfer. An increase in Ha from 0 to 100 reduced the average Nusselt number (NuAvg) by approximately 60% in all cases, regardless of the magnetic source position. However, the magnetic field number (Mnf) and its effect on NuAvg are dependent on the magnetic source's position.

Mathematical investigation of nanoparticle aggregation and heat transfer on mixed convective stagnation point flow of nanofluid over extendable vertical Riga plate

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects that aggregation of nanoparticles has on mixed convective stagnation point flow and porous media across a permeable stretched vertical Riga plate in the occurrence of a heat source or sink for ethylene glycol-based nanofluids. It is possible to evaluate nanoparticle aggregation with modified versions of the Krieger-Dougherty and Maxwell-Bruggeman models. To obtain numerical solutions to the mathematical model of the present issue, the Runge–Kutta (RK-IV) with shooting technique in Mathematica was used. Figures in the proposed mixed convection and suction variables along a boundary surface in the stagnation point flow towards a permeable extending Riga plate identify and explain heat transfer processes and interrupted flow occurrences. By combining titania (TiO 2) nanoparticles with ethylene glycol as the base fluid, improved heat transmission is possible. The effects of different inputs on temperature and velocity profiles, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number were graphically shown using tables and graphs. The heat transmission and skin friction rates both increased when the suction parameter was given larger values. Increases in both skin friction and the Nusselt number may be attributed to variations in the volume percentage of nanoparticles. Heat source parameter increased the temperature profile and reduced the Nusselt number. Aggregation models provide more accurate velocity and skin fraction profiles than homogeneous models, which is why they are more often used. The findings were confirmed by comparing the most up-to-date research with previously published results for the same situation. Results indicated that the two sets of data were consistent with one another.

Numerical Analysis Study of a Convective Flow of Nanofluids in a Double-Pass Solar Collector

This paper presents a numerical analysis study of the dynamic and thermal performance of a convective flow of water-copper nanofluids in a double-pass flat solar collector. The flow inside the confined space between the glazing and the insulation is governed by the continuity, momentum, and energy equations. The problem addressed is solved via a CFD ANSYS code using the finite volume method to discretize the equations of the mathematical model. The dynamic and thermal fields are obtained for different values of the volume fraction (φ = 0%, φ = 3%, and φ = 8%). These results are compared with other results mentioned in the literature. The results obtained allowed us to define the influence of these different parameters on the convective nanofluid flow in the solar collector. The increase in the volume fraction further promotes heat transfer. The presence of nanoparticles expects a critical part of the convective heat exchange.

Unsteady Carbon Nanotubes Nanofluid Flow due to a Moving Cylinder with Thermal Radiation and Temperature Oscillation Effects

This paper discusses transient two-dimensional boundary layer laminar viscous incompressible free convective flow of nanofluids containing carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) over a moving vertical cylinder in the presence of thermal radiation and temperature oscillation. The governing boundary layer equations are converted to a dimensionless form and then solved using the Crank Nicolson type’s unconditionally stable and convergent implicit finite difference method. With diverse parameters such as Grashof number (Gr), volume fraction (Φ), phase angle (ωt), and thermal radiation parameter (N), numerical results are achieved for velocity and temperature profiles along with Nusselt number and skin friction coefficients. The numerical results are analysed in detail using graphs for both water-based nanofluid and kerosene-based nanofluids with single and multi-wall carbon nanotubes as the nanomaterials. It has been found that CNTs Water-based nanofluid has higher temperatures, velocities, skin friction coefficient values for all Gr, N, Φ, and ωt when compared to kerosene-based nanofluid with CNTs. But, Kerosene-based CNTs nanofluid has a higher Nusselt number coefficient values concerning all Gr, N, Φ, and ωt than water-based CNTs nanofluid.

Characteristics of turbulent forced convective nanofluid flow and heat transfer in a 2D axisymmetric corrugated pipe

Characteristics of turbulent forced convective nanofluid flow and heat transfer in a 2D axisymmetric corrugated pipe

Boundary layer and heat transfer analysis of mixed convective nanofluid flow capturing the aspects of nanoparticles over a needle

Since their significance in commercial and scientific procedures has been recognized, studies regarding boundary layer flow and heat transfer have increased. The goal of this research is to examine the effects of hydromagnetic forces, mixed convection, and joule heating on ethylene glycol-based nanofluids suspended above a thin vertical needle. For thermal conductivity and viscosity, both aggregation and non-aggregation models are used. Here, we employed the similarity transformation to turn partial differential equations (PDEs) into dimensionless ODEs. Skin friction coefficients, Nusselt numbers, velocities, and temperature profiles were computed over a wide range of parameter values. The velocity and temperature profiles generated by the models that account for aggregation are superior to those generated by the homogeneous model. Velocity profile increases with λ and ε and decreases with M and e. Thermal profile increases with ϕ,M,e and Ec and decreases against λ. Skin friction and Nusselt number increases with increasing values of ϕ and λ towards ε. When comparing the findings from the present research to those from the past, it is clear that there is a high level of concordance between the two. Data availability“Data will be available on demand from Bilal.Ali”.

Functional magnetic Maxwell viscoelastic nanofluids for tribological coatings- a model for stretching flow using the generalized theory of heat-mass fluxes, Darcy-Forchheimer formulation and dual convection

A theoretical and computational study of an improved Fourier and Fickian model for locally non-similar magnetohydrodynamic Maxwell (non-Newtonian) nanofluid convective flow under thermo-solutal buoyancy forces in a non-Darcian (Darcy-Forchheimer) porous medium is presented. Heat sink/source is included. Buongiorno’s two-component nanofluid model is used to simulate nanoscale characteristics featuring thermophoresis and Brownian diffusions. The problem under consideration is formulated utilizing fundamental relations of fluid dynamics. The primitive partial differential expressions (PDEs) are transfigured to ordinary ones with apposite transformations. The emerging locally non-similar boundary value problem is solved via series expansions utilizing a homotopy algorithm. Characteristics of sundry parameters on velocity, temperature, nanoparticle concentration and skin-friction coefficients are interpreted graphically. Convergence results acquired via homotopy algorithm are presented. Comparison results are included for the authentication of the homotopy solutions. The velocity distribution is increased with greater mixed convection and non-Newtonian material parameters whereas velocity distribution is reduced with increment in Hartmann (magnetic) number, porosity and buoyancy ratio parameters. The temperature distribution is reduced when Prandtl number and thermal-relaxation (non-Fourier) parameter are augmented whereas temperature distribution is increased for larger Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis. Additionally, it is observed that increment in the heat absorption variable diminishes temperature whereas an enhancement in the heat generation variable augments temperature. Nanoparticle concentration is enhanced subjected to higher values of thermophoresis factor whereas it reduces with larger Schmidt number, Brownian movement and solutal-relaxation (non-Fickian) parameters. Furthermore, it is noticed that elevation in Hartmann number, porosity and inertial (non-Darcy) coefficient parameters increase the skin friction coefficient whereas elevation in Deborah number and buoyancy ratio is found to suppress skin friction. The simulations are relevant to hydromagnetic nano-materials processing operations for coatings deployed in multi-functional tribological systems and surface protection.

Darcy–Forchheimer natural convection flow of SWCNTs-EG-based nanofluid along a complex roughened surface

The study of heat transfer in natural convection flow of nanofluid (mixture of SWCNTs and ethylene glycol fluid) through a complex roughened surface saturated in a porous medium is investigated. The governing equations in terms of nonlinear PDEs are derived using Darcy–Forchheimer and Tiwari and Das models and made dimensionless using transformation. A finite difference scheme with backward and central differences approximations is used to conduct numerical solution. Recently, researchers have focused on the use of roughened surfaces or suspension of nanoparticles in base fluid to improve heat transfer rate. The objective of this study is to quantify the increase in heat transfer rate due to complex roughened surface and nanofluid. The results reveal that total heat transfer rate raises higher in nanofluid as compared to largest amplitude of harmonic wave. The absolute value of drag coefficient and rate of total heat transfer grow by increasing the value of Darcy number. Near the leading edge, the total heat transfer rate declines up-to certain node value which is 0.2125 and 0.2071 in the absence and presence of nanofluid and increases away from these node values. Streams slices and isotherm lines expand in case of largest amplitude of harmonic wave and nanofluid.

Partial Slip Effects for Thermally Radiative Convective Nanofluid Flow

The partial slip effects for radiative convective nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet in porous medium are analytically explored in this work. The Navier–Stokes equations, the momentum and the energy equations are converted into a set of non-linear ODEs by the similarity transformation. Using the modified optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM), the resulting non-linear ODEs are analytically approximately solved. The impact of various parameters, such as: the velocity exponential factor n, the wall thickness parameter γ, the dimensionless velocity slip parameter δ1, the Prandtl number Pr, the radiation parameter R, and the dimensionless temperature jump parameter δ2, on the behaviour of the mass and heat transfer is presented. The influence of these parameters is tabular and graphically presented. An excellent agreement between the approximate analytical solution and the corresponding numerical solution is highlighted. The results obtained confirm that modified OHAM is a useful and competitive mathematical tool to explore a large class of non-linear problems with applications in various fields of science and engineering.

Natural convection flow of CNTs-ethylene glycol based micropolar nanofluid along a complex wavy surface

The primary goal of this study is to perform the analysis of heat transfer in free convection flow of micropolar nanofluid along a complex roughened surface. A micropolar nanofluid is made by adding nanoparticles namely SWCNTs (single-walled carbon nanotubes) in ethylene glycol (EG) base micropolar fluid. A mathematical model for micropolar nanofluid can be developed in terms of nonlinear partial differential equations by extending Navier-Stokes equations along with micro inertia effects, angular momentum equation and Tiwari and Das model. After using the suitable transformation, the resulting nonlinear PDEs are made dimensionless and solved numerically using finite difference scheme. Micropolar nanofluids have a capability to improve the thermophysical properties and heat transportation capacity instead of base fluids. The impacts of numerous pertinent parameters on velocity, microrotation and temperature profiles also on physical quantities namely wall couple stress, local and average Nusselt numbers, total heat transfer and skin friction coefficient are discussed graphically. It is noted that total heat transfer rate becomes high in case of dominant amplitude of harmonic wave as compared to fundamental. It is also noted that total heat transfer rate decreases by increasing micropolar parameter and can be enhanced by adding SWCNTs in EG based micropolar fluid and that enhancement is reported approximately 27 and 26% in dominant amplitude of fundamental and harmonic waves as compared to ethylene glycol fluid.

Thermal influence of heated fin on MHD natural convection flow of nanofluids inside a wavy square cavity

Thermal influence of heated fin on MHD natural convection flow of nanofluids inside a wavy square cavity

Flow Analysis of Mixed Convective Nanofluid Flow in Presence of Magnetic Field with Thermal Radiation and Heat Source/Sink

This study discussed the mixed convection with thermal radiation on nanofluid flow with magnetic field and mass transfer with heat source over an inclined stretching cylinder in the presence of thermal conductivity. The governing equations in cylindrical form are transformed into the system of ODE and solved mathematically by spectral quasilinearization method (SQLM). The governing parameters velocity, temperature and concentration profile are derived using this new approach. Here it is mention that due to Hartman number (Ha) and relaxation to retardation time ratio (λ1), the velocity decreases but temperature enhanced in the boundary layer but in opposite effect on higher value of curvature parameter (γ) and thermal bouncy (λT) parameter. Here also observed convergence and accuracy in velocity and temperature profile. The SQLM is used to find out the solution of convergent series and various effect are shown graphically.

Numerical investigation for entropy‐based magneto nanofluid flow over non‐linear stretching surface with slip and convective boundary conditions

AbstractThe nanoliquid flows place a significant role in modern research due to the vast number of applications in the Food industry, manufacturing, thermal management, enhanced oil recovery, biomedical applications, and so on. This article presents the analysis of entropy generation on convective nanofluid flow in a three‐dimensional nonlinear stretching sheet with slip effects. Brownian motion and thermophoresis impacts are adopted by the nanoparticle concentration and temperature profiles. The PDEs are remodeled into ODEs by employing the appropriative simulated alternations, and the ODEs are solved by utilizing the R–K–F scheme along with the shooting technique. The main contributions of physical stream factors on the nanofluid concentration, heat, and speed profiles are displayed and explored via plots. Moreover, the rate of heat transfer and surface drag force are examined through tabular structures. In view of this, the nanofluids have more heat transfer capability and improve thermal properties. The slip factors are used in the boundary conditions of the velocity, and the limit conditions are utilized for the hotness and speed of the nanoparticles. The rate of heat transfer in a non‐linear stretching sheet is 1%–2% more than linear stretching sheet for varying values of Prandtl number Pr and Magnetic field M.

Double diffusion and Hall effects on MHD sinusoidal natural convection flow of silver water-based nanofluid from a porous vertical plate

This paper scrutinizes Hall current, Soret and Dufour impacts on natural convective flow of nanofluid attributable to variation in sinusoidal surface temperature over a vertical plate through a porous medium with strong transverse magnetic field applied normally to the flow. In this regard, the silver metal is considered as nanoparticles with water as base fluid. The overlapping multi-domain bivariate spectral local linearization method (OMD-BSLLM) has been utilized to solve the dimensionless governing equations which are attained by means of appropriate transformations. The obtained results are portrayed via graphical and tabular formations to inspect flow fields, shear stresses, heat and mass transmission characteristics for varying thermo-physical parameters. We found that there is an enhancement in the flow fields, shear stresses and heat transportation with the use of silver nanoparticles. Thermal and concentration boundary layer thickness enhance by using porous material, whereas diminish with improvement in Hall effect and ratio of buoyancy forces. The flow characteristics decline with the inclusion of porous medium while elevates with increment in Hall parameter. Moreover, an upgrade in thermal-diffusion correspond to a substantial growth in concentration field along with mass transfer rate. Current analysis can be useful in MHD energy generators, and industrial applications such as heating and cooling procedures owing to the involvement of nanoparticles having superior thermal conductivity features.

Aligned Magnetohydrodynamics Mixed Convection on Various Base Fluids with Carbon Nanotubes over an Inclined Plate

Analytical and graphical studies are conducted on the impact of carbon nanotubes in aligned magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) mixed convection flow of nanofluid over an inclined plate. Various types of parameters are considered throughout the numerical study with a constant wall temperature. The similarity transformation was implemented to transform the partial differential governing equations into ordinary differential equations. Furthermore, the Fourth-Order Runge Kutta algorithm is built into Maple Software to solve the transformed equations. The analysis shows how various dimensionless parameters; the angle of magnetic field, the interaction of magnetic, the angle of an inclined plate, the volume fraction of nanoparticles, and mixed convection, affect velocity and temperature profiles, as well as how carbon nanotubes with various base fluids affect skin friction and the Nusselt number. As a result, for both types of carbon nanotube nanofluids, SWCNT/kerosene and MWCNT/kerosene, an increase in angle of magnetic field, interaction of magnetic, and mixed convection parameter risen the velocity profile while an increase in angle of inclined plate and volume fraction of nanoparticles enhanced the temperature profile. However, the Nusselt number and skin friction coefficients increase with increasing angle of magnetic field, interaction of magnetic, and mixed convection parameter and decrease with increasing inclined plate angle and volume fraction of nanoparticle. It was found that MWCNT transferred heat more efficiently than SWCNT

Solution predictive Bayesian networks knacks for entropy optimized second-order slip velocity free convective nanofluid flow along Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium

The aim of this study is to present incompressible, steady entropy optimized second-order slip velocity free convective nanofluid flow along Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium through neural network backpropagation with Bayesian Regularization Approach (NNBPBRA) under the influence of heat sink/source and viscous dissipation. The viscous dissipation effects and radiative heat flux are also employed in the presented fluid flow system. Nanomaterials are silicon dioxide and molybdenum disulfide, using water as the base fluid. To obtain the reference dataset for NNBPBRA, the ODEs which are obtained after simplifications of original fluid flow system in terms of PDEs with the appropriate application of transformation mechanism are solved numerically using state of the art numerical method. The outcome in terms of solution and error analyses plots for the modification of different parameters are interpreted using these reference datasets. The error histograms, regression analyses, and MSE indices are used to validate the performance of NNBP-BRA. In the presence of slip parameters and stratification variables, the skin friction coefficient, i.e. surface drag force, and heat transfer rate, i.e. Nusselt number, are also evaluated. The outcomes show that as the Brinkman number increases, the rate of entropy formation increases, but the temperature falls as the stratification parameter increases.

Three-Dimensional Unsteady Mixed Convection Flow of Non-Newtonian Nanofluid with Consideration of Retardation Time Effects

The advances in nanotechnology led to the development of new kinds of engineered fluids called nanofluids. Nanofluids have several industrial and engineering applications, such as solar energy systems, heat conduction processes, nuclear systems, chemical processes, etc. The motivation of the present work is to analyze and explore the thermal and dynamic behaviors of a non-Newtonian fluid flow under time retardation effects. The flow is unsteady and caused by a bidirectional, periodically moving surface. In addition to the convective heat transfer and fluid flow, the radiation and chemical reactions have also been considered. The governing equations are established based on the modified Cattaneo–Christov heat flux formulation. It was found that the bidirectional velocities oscillate periodically, and that the magnitude of the oscillation increases with the retardation time. Higher temperatures occur when the porosity parameter is increased, and lower concentrations are encountered for higher values of the concentration relaxation parameter. The current results can be applied in thermal systems, heat transfer enhancement, chemical synthesis, solar systems, power generation, medical applications, the automotive industry, process industries, refrigeration, etc.