Mathematical investigation of nanoparticle aggregation and heat transfer on mixed convective stagnation point flow of nanofluid over extendable vertical Riga plate

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects that aggregation of nanoparticles has on mixed convective stagnation point flow and porous media across a permeable stretched vertical Riga plate in the occurrence of a heat source or sink for ethylene glycol-based nanofluids. It is possible to evaluate nanoparticle aggregation with modified versions of the Krieger-Dougherty and Maxwell-Bruggeman models. To obtain numerical solutions to the mathematical model of the present issue, the Runge–Kutta (RK-IV) with shooting technique in Mathematica was used. Figures in the proposed mixed convection and suction variables along a boundary surface in the stagnation point flow towards a permeable extending Riga plate identify and explain heat transfer processes and interrupted flow occurrences. By combining titania (TiO 2) nanoparticles with ethylene glycol as the base fluid, improved heat transmission is possible. The effects of different inputs on temperature and velocity profiles, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number were graphically shown using tables and graphs. The heat transmission and skin friction rates both increased when the suction parameter was given larger values. Increases in both skin friction and the Nusselt number may be attributed to variations in the volume percentage of nanoparticles. Heat source parameter increased the temperature profile and reduced the Nusselt number. Aggregation models provide more accurate velocity and skin fraction profiles than homogeneous models, which is why they are more often used. The findings were confirmed by comparing the most up-to-date research with previously published results for the same situation. Results indicated that the two sets of data were consistent with one another.