Pretest-posttest Control Group Design Research Articles

The Influence of The Use of Audio-Visual Media on The Ability of Fraction Calculation Operations of Grade IV Students of SD Negeri 4 Amparita Sidrap

This study examines the effect of the use of audio-visual media on the ability of fraction calculation operations of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 4 Amparita. The main problem studied is whether there is a positive influence of audio-visual media on the ability of fraction calculation operations of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 4 Amparita. This study is an experimental research that aims to determine whether there is a positive effect of audiovisual media on the ability of fraction calculation operations of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 4 Amparita Sidrap on the material of addition and subtraction of fractions. This research uses a quantitative approach. This study consists of two variables, namely audiovisual media and conventional models as independent variables and students' fraction calculation operation skills as the dependent variable, using the Randomized Subject Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design research design. The population in this study were all 4th grade students of SD Negeri 4 Amparita consisting of 1 class with a total sample of 42 people. The research sample of class IVA as an experimental class with 21 students and Class IVB with 21 students who were selected by Random Class. The data obtained were analyzed with descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results of descriptive analysis showed that the average value of fraction calculation ability of experimental class students was 75.71 and the average value of fraction calculation ability of control class students was 60.48. The learning completeness of experimental class students was 85.95% while the learning completeness of control class students was 47.61%. Inferential statistical analysis to test the hypothesis through Independent Sample T-tests obtained the value of -t count < - t table (-3.678 < -2.021) or t count > t table (3.678 > 2.021) thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. In this case, audio-visual media has a positive effect on the ability of fraction calculation operations of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 4 Amparita Sidrap.

The Effect of Pumpkin Seeds (Cucurbita moschata) on Uric Acid Level in Hyperuricemia Patients

Background: Hyperuricemia is a condition in which uric acid level exceeds normal threshold. The pumpkin seed extract contains flavonoids that can lower uric acid level. This study aims to analyze the effect of pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita moschata) capsules compared to allopurinol on uric acid level in hyperuricemia patients. Methods: This was an experimental research with a non-randomized control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 63 patients (32 intervention and 31 control) with hyperuricemia enrolled in this study through purposive sampling technique. The intervention group (IG) was given pumpkin seeds and control group (CG), allopurinol. Data were analyzed using paired and independent sample t-test. Results: The result of this study showed that uric acid level significantly decreased after the pumpkin seed capsule was provided (Mean changes=-0.33 mg,dl; P<0.001). However, allopurinol played a greater role in lowering uric acid levels (Mean changes=-0.92 mg/dl; P<0.001). The mean changes of uric acid between groups was also significant (P=0.039). In addition, some of the nutrition intakes showed a significant difference after the intervention. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that pumpkin seed capsules affected the decrease of uric acid level significantly, but the number was lower compared to allopurinol. In future studies, The dose of pumpkin seed should be considered.

Video animation in coordination system to improve students’ cognitive ability

The biological concept has a broad scope and requires the visualisation of bioprocesses to provide complex understanding. Learning media can help visualise bioprocesses to enhance students’ cognitive abilities. The study aimed to develop, test the practicality, and test the effectiveness of video animation in improving grade XI high school students’ und erstanding of the coordination system. This study involved 66 high school students in grade XI of the science department at State Senior High School 2 Malang, Indonesia. This research used the Lee & Owens Multimedia-Based Instructional Design method, which consisted of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. In the evaluation stage, we conducted face validity by media experts and content validity by material experts, successively getting results of 97% and 100%. Then, the concurrent validity test was obtained from student assessments of the media interface with a result of 97%, the user-friendly with a result of 100%, and the appropriateness of the material with a result of 95%. In the final stage, construct validity was carried out through an effectiveness test using a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design. Data analysis was performed using the Independent T-test, with the results showing a significance of 0.006 < 0.05, which showed a significant difference in the average post-test between the control and experimental classes. The average score in the experimental class increased from 76.32 to 89.03, but the control class increased from 76.38 to 84.56. The results showed that the video animation media effectively improved students’ abilities. Therefore, this learning media can be a recommendation in the learning coordination system.

The influence of the Knisley mathematics learning model on the mathematical connection ability and self-confidence of high school students

This research aims to conduct a study that focuses on the effect of applying the Knisley mathematics learning model on students' mathematical connection abilities and self-confidence.This research is research using a quasi-experimental method with a research design in the form of a pretest-posttest control group design. The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling. The population in this study were all class XI students at SMAN 1 Tirtayasa, with a sample of 2 classes to be used as experimental classes, namely class The instruments used in this research were mathematical connection ability tests, self-confidence questionnaires, observation sheets and interviews. Based on data analysis, it was concluded that (1) Learning using the Knisley mathematics learning model had a positive effect on students' mathematical connection abilities, (2)Learning using the Knisley mathematics learning model has a positive effect on students' self-confidence.

Development of Website-Based Interactive Multimedia on Cell Material to Improve Critical Thinking Skills and Learning Independence of Class XI High School Students

The challenges faced in teaching cell material in high school show the need for innovation in learning media to facilitate understanding and increase students' learning motivation. This study aims to develop website-based interactive multimedia on cell material and evaluate the media's feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness in improving critical thinking skills (CTS) and learning independence of grade XI students of SMAN 1 Ngemplak. This type of research is research and development (R D) using the ADDIE model by Dick and Carey, including the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Field trials were conducted by a quasi-experimental method using a non-equivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. 62 students from two classes XI of SMA Negeri 1 Ngemplak became field trial subjects, divided into control classes (31 students) and experimental classes (31 students) by applying cluster random sampling techniques. Data on CTS and learning independence were measured using test and non-test techniques and then analyzed using t-tests. The results showed that: 1) website-based interactive multimedia is feasible to be used in the learning process, 2) website-based interactive multimedia is practical to use in the learning process, and 3) website-based interactive multimedia is effective in improving students' CTS and learning independence

The effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction program applied to postmenopausal women on insomnia and quality of life

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effect of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program applied to postmenopausal women on insomnia and quality of life. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was used. The sample of the study consisted of a total of 151 postmenopausal women, including 73 in the experimental group and 78 in the control group. In the study, the mindfulness-based stress reduction program (MBSR) was applied to the women in the experimental group for eight weeks, and then the women repeated the program individually for another eight weeks. The second measurement data were collected eight weeks after the collection of the first measurement data, and the third measurement data were collected 16 weeks later. The mean score obtained from the second measurement application of the Women’s Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale (WHIIRS) was lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p < .05). In addition, the mean scores from the second and third measurement applications of the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (p < .05). The MBSR program reduced postmenopausal women’s insomnia and improved their quality of life. This program can be used safely to treat insomnia and improve the quality of life of postmenopausal women. NCT05202054 (date: 21.01.2022).

Effect of Sacral Warm Compress on Perception of Labour Pain among Parturient Mothers during First stage of Labour at Selected Hospital, Coimbatore

An interventional study was conducted to assess the effect of sacral warm compress on the perception of labour pain among parturient mothers during the first stage of labour at Sri Ramakrishna Hospital, Coimbatore. Quasi- experimental pre-test post-test control group design was adopted for the study. Purposive sampling method was used and 40 parturient mothers were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Every alternative sample was assigned to experimental group [n=20] and control group [n=20]. The pre-test was conducted to assess the perception of labour pain by using questionnaire and numerical pain rating scale. Sacral warm compress was applied for 20 minutes at every 1-hour interval during the active phase of the first stage of labour. The post-test was conducted using the same tool to find the effect of sacral warm compress on parturient mothers during the first stage of labour. The mean and standard deviation pre-test and post-test pain score of mothers in the experimental group were (7.13, 5.09) and 0.849, 0.875 respectively with a mean difference of 2.04. It proves that there is an effect of sacral warm compress on the perception of labour pain among parturient mothers in the experimental group (t= 3.883; p=0.001). The mean and standard deviation of post test scores of mothers in the experimental and control group were 5.09, 7.495 and 0.875, 0.467 respectively with a mean difference of 2.405. It proves that there is an effect of sacral warm compress on perception of labour pain among parturient mothers in experimental group (t=10.48; p = 0.001). The findings reveal that application of sacral warm compress is highly significant and effective in reducing the perception of labour pain among parturient mothers during active phase of the first stage of labour. Keywords: Parturient Mothers during first stage of labour, Perception of labour pain, Sacral Warm Compress.

Implementing ARVi media to enhance students high order cognitive skills

High-order cognitive skills (HOCS) are required to solve problems and make decisions. ARVi or augmented reality virus is a learning medium used to enhance HOCS. Aims of this research is to find out the effect of implementing ARVi media on enhancing high-level cognitive skills of students. The research is a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research was conducted in MAN 1 Kota Bogor class 10 using the Merdeka curriculum. The research instrument is a multiple-choice test that has been validated to measure high-level cognitive skills. The result of the t-test shows t-value (3.14) &gt; t-table (1.98), indicating that there is a significant difference between the posttest scores of the control group and the experimental group. This means that the use of ARVi media has an effect on high-level cognitive skills. The improvement in high-level cognitive skills was continuous in C5 (evaluation) at 78%, C6 (creation) at 72%, and C4 (analysis) at 70%. These results are not independent of the support provided by the various content offered by ARVi media, such as augmented reality, literacy, and high-level questionnaires. Current education can benefit from technologies like ARVi media that help increase the high-level cognitive skills of students.

The influence of small-sided conditioned games (SSCG) and interaction patterns on tactical actions during football attacks

Objective; (1) testing the effect of SSCG training with elaboration, (2) testing the effect of SSCG training with elaboration using interaction patterns, and (3) testing the difference in influence between the two, on increasing tactical action performance. Methods; using True Experimental with pretest-posttest control group design, the sample was football academy students aged 14-17 years, totaling 36 students divided into 3 groups; SSCG practice with elaboration (G1), SSCG practice with elaboration using interaction patterns (G2), and control group (G3). Using a test instrument (FUT-SAT), using only Action Outcome (AO) for the Offensive sub-category. Results; (1) There is a significant effect after SSCG training treatment with elaboration, as evidenced by the t-count of -11.118&gt;t-table is 1.795, p0.000&lt;α0.05. (2) There is a significant effect after SSCG training treatment with elaboration using interaction patterns, as evidenced by the t-count of -11.988&gt;t-table is 1.795, p0.000&lt;α0.05. (3) There is a significant difference in influence, as evidenced by the value of F(35) = 65.445;p&lt;0.000. Tukey HSD Test Results with 95% Confident Index (CI); G1 and G2 (95%CI;[-11.51,-4.32],p&lt;0.001), G1 and G3 (95%CI;[5.23,12.42],p&lt;0.001), G2 and G3 (95%CI;[13.15,20.34],p&lt;0.001), This means that G2 is better than G1 and G3, and G1 is better than G3. We predict that the effect of SSCG with work situation elaboration is able to improve existing deficiencies if SSCG is implemented separately. The interaction pattern provides the effect of ordering direction, setting dimensions, and determining tasks during the attack, so that it is more dynamic, directed, and structured. We conclude that both are worth considering and then implementing in efforts to improve tactical action performance. Keywords: Small-sided conditioned games, Interaction Patterns, Tactical Actions, Football.

The Effect of Utilizing Audio Murottal Al-Qur'an and Classical Music on Biology Learning to Increase Students' Learning Concentration

This study aims to improve students' learning concentration by using audio Murottal Al-Qur'an and Classical Music on Mushroom material. The hypothesis studied in this study is that there is an effect of utilizing audio murottal Al-Qur'an and classical music on increasing the concentration of learning of high school students at 1 Kabila". The research method used is quasi experiment. The research design is Pretest Posttest Control Group Design which consists of 2 research variables, namely variable X (Audio Murottal Al-Qur'an and Classical Music) and variable Y (Learner Learning Concentration). The population in the study were all students of class X SMAN 1 Kabila, which was divided into 12 classes totaling 447. The research sample was X.7 class students totaling 30 people as class A and X.8 totaling 30 people as class B which were taken using purposive sampling technique. Hypothesis testing using t test and N-Gain. The results showed that there was a significant difference between before and after treatment. Because there is a difference, it is said that there is an effect of utilizing audio murottal Al-Qur'an and classical music on students' learning concentration with a statistically significant p-value that is lower (p=0.000) &lt; than the alpha value ꭤ=0.05. This is also reflected in the improvement of students' learning outcomes which shows that both methods are at the level of "quite effective," with an N-Gain value of "Murottal Al-Qur'an" of 64.49% and "Classical Music" of 60.73%. Thus it can be concluded that there is an effect of utilizing audio murottal Al-Qur'an and classical music on increasing the learning concentration of students of SMA Negeri 1 Kabila.

The Influence of Problem Based Learning on Problem Solving Ability in Science Materials in Elementary Schools

Problem solving abilities have a significant role in increasing students' cognitive capacity, however, there are still difficulties in developing these skills. This research aims to assess the influence of the Problem Based Learning Model on students' problem solving abilities. This research is a quasi-experimental quantitative type with a pretest-posttest control group design. Fourth semester students in classes C and D of the PGSD Study Program were taken as samples using the Purposive Sampling technique. Data was collected through a research instrument in the form of a problem solving ability test in the Elementary School Science Learning Materials course. The results of hypothesis analysis using the Mann-Whitney test show the Asymp value. Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000, which is smaller than 0.005. Therefore, it can be concluded that Hypothesis is Accepted. This means that there are differences between the experimental class which uses the PBL model and the control class with conventional learning. Thus, it can be concluded that the PBL model has an influence on the problem solving abilities of PGSD students.

Impact of a Digital Growth Mindset on Enhancing the Motivation and Performance of Chemistry Students: A Non-Cognitive Approach

The current study investigates the effects of a digital growth mindset on the motivation and success of chemistry students. The approach involves the use of technological tools that encourage students to face challenges and keep trying even when things become difficult. Students can achieve milestones by following this fruitful methodology. This study utilized a mixed-method design of an ordered–explanatory type, as identified in one of the categories of mixed-method approaches. The quantitative aspects of the research project were conducted using a matching-only pre-test–post-test control-group design. This was conducted because the study was carried out on secondary school students in Lahore, Pakistan, and the population included students up to the tenth grade. Only the experimental group participated in digital growth mindset activities. The control group was taught using traditional methods. The qualitative aspect of the study involved conducting focus group discussions with students in the experimental group. The results showed a significant improvement in motivation and chemistry achievement among the students in the experimental group, as evidenced by the higher mean scores from the pre-tests and the post-tests compared to the control group. The present research findings reveal that digital growth mindset interventions, when appropriately incorporated into chemistry curricula, possess the capacity to not only improve student engagement and subsequent performance but also to provide educators with valuable insights into instructional practices that are worth implementing in the digital era.

Pengaruh Aplikasi Quizwhizzer Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VII pada Mata Pelajaran Informatika

This research aims to find out whether the Quizwhizzer application has an influence on the learning outcomes of class VII students in the Informatics subject. This research is quantitative with experimental methods. The research design is Pre-Experiment One Group Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population used was class VII C students, totaling 17 boys and 16 girls. Data collection uses observation, questionnaires, and test questions. Data were analyzed using normality test, t test, validity test and reliability test. There are differences in student learning outcomes, this can be seen from hypothesis testing using the t-test. The results obtained by calculating the hypothesis test (t-test) mean the increase in posttest results was 72.12, while the increase in pretest results was 62.42, resulting in an increase in the result scores. posttest learning was 9.7 greater than pretest learning results. The value of Tcount &gt; Ttabel (7.649 &gt; 2.042) and the significance value is more than 0.05 (p=0.0000 &lt; 0.05), it can be stated that there is a difference in increasing the value of learning outcomes in class VII C. Thus, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected, and Ha accepted

위절제술을 받은 노인을 위한 식이요법 교육프로그램 개발 및 효과

Objectives In this study, I developed and applied a dietary education program for older adults with gastrectomy based on Dick &amp; Carey's instructional design model to determine the effects on nutritional status (weight, PG-SGA), dietary knowledge, and quality of life. Methods This study was a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design and included 96 older adults undergoing gastrectomy. The experimental group (n=47) received the dietary education program developed in this study (four sessions, 50 minutes each), and the control group (n=49) received the usual hospital education program (one session, 20 minutes). The collected data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA to examine the study hypothesis. Results There was a significant effect on body weight (F=11.38, p&lt;.001), PG-SGA (F=6.83, p&lt;.001), and dietary knowledge (F=4.21, p=.028) in the experimental group. For quality of life, the experimental group decreased 1 month after surgery and increased 6 months after surgery compared to before gastrectomy, while the control group decreased both 1 month and 6 months after surgery, which was not statistically significant. Conclusions A dietary education program developed based on Dick &amp; Carey's instructional design model was found to be effective in improving nutritional status and dietary knowledge in older adults undergoing gastrectomy. Therefore, we expect it to be a useful program to help older adults recover from gastrectomy.

Use of Google Sites Improves Islamic Religious Education Learning Outcomes in Class IX of SMAN 6 Barru

This research discusses the use of Google Sites in improving Islamic Religious Education learning outcomes in class XI at SMAN 6 Barru . This type of research uses a Quasi Experimental Design model with the form of Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design which was carried out in Barru. The main instrument of this research is a test supported by research instruments with data collection in the form of documentation, with a research sample of 21 people divided into 2 classes, namely a sample of 10 people as the control class and 11 people as the experimental class. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling . The results of this research show that what improves student learning outcomes in using Google Sites is making it easier for students in the teaching and learning process in the classroom and outside the classroom, including the following: (1) accessibility of learning materials , (2) interactivity and collaboration, (3) personalization of learning, and (4) increasing student motivation and involvement in the teaching and learning process. The learning outcomes of Class -average (mean) is 72.27 in the experimental class while 68 in the control class. Based on the results of the Paired Sample T-Test, a significance value of 0.000 is obtained, which means sig, 0.05, so H o is rejected and H a accepted. It can be concluded that there are differences in student learning outcomes before and after using Google Sites in Islamic Religious Education learning .

Demonstration Method with TPACK Approach to Improve the Writing Ability of Procedure Text in Fourth Grade

The observation results reveal that the teacher did not integrate technology into all learning processes, resulting in poor writing skills among students. The researcher aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the TPACK-based demonstration approach in enhancing procedural text writing proficiency. A quasi experimental pre-test post-test control group design was employed to examine this effect. The target population for this study included all fourth grade students at SDN Kedaung Wetan 2. A sample of 40 students was selected, with 20 students from class 4A assigned to the control gorup and 20 students from class 4B assigned to the experimental group. The instrument used in this study was a written test. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 27 program. Both the Paired Sample T-Test (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001) and the Independent Samples T-Test (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.075) yielded statistically significant results (p = 0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis (Ho) can be rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis (Ha). This suggests a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students receiving traditional instruction. Furthermore, the N-Gain Score analysis revealed an average improvement of 56% in the learning outcomes. This finding supports the notion that the TPACK integrated method has a positive influence on students ability to write procedure texts.

Assessment of Stroke Patients' Muscle Strength Following a Combination of Mirror Therapy and ROM (Range of Motion) Exercises Based on Self-Care Theory

Background: When blood flow problems kill off some brain cells, the result is a neurological deficiency known as a stroke. There have been 507 reported cases of stroke in East Java, while the overall stroke prevalence in Indonesia has jumped from 7% to 10.9% (Riskesdas, 2020). The researchers at RSI Darus Syifa's Surabaya set out to determine how much of an impact self-care theory-based mirror therapy and range-of-motion exercises had on the muscular strength of stroke patients admitted to the inpatient unit. Methods: A true experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design was utilised in this type of research. One hundred and ten stroke patients made up the study's population. There were a total of 34 participants in this study, with 17 serving as control subjects and 17 as interventionists. Sampling was based on probability sampling using simple random sampling. The Medical Research Council (MRC) scale was utilised by the device to measure muscular strength. Mann-Whitney and the Wilcoxon Signet Rank Test were used to examine the collected data. Results: In the inpatient ward of the Darus Syifa Surabaya Hospital, stroke patients who undergo a combination of mirror therapy and range of motion exercises based on self-care theory show a significant improvement in muscle strength, according to the Mann-Whitney test (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The study found that stroke patients' muscle strength improved with a combination of mirror therapy and range of motion exercises grounded in self-care theory.

Demonstration Method with TPACK Approach to Improve the Writing Ability of Procedure Text in Fourth Grade

This research investigates wheter integrating the demonstration method with a TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) approach in classroom learning can improve students ability to write procedure texts. A quasi experimental pre-test post-test control group design was employed to examine this effect. The target population for this study included all fourth grade students at SDN Kedaung Wetan 2. A sample of 40 students was selected, with 20 students from class 4A assigned to the control gorup and 20 students from class 4B assigned to the experimental group. The instrument used in this study was a written test. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 27 program. Both the Paired Sample T-Test (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001) and the Independent Samples T-Test (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.075) yielded statistically significant results (p = 0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis (Ho) can be rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis (Ha). This suggest a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students receiving traditional instruction. Furthermore, the N-Gain Score analysis revealed an average improvement of 56% in the learning outcomes. This finding supports the notion that the TPACK integrated method has a positive inflluence on students ability to write procedure texts.

The Effect of Teaching with Web 2.0 Tools on Mathematics Achievement and Retention

This study aimed to examine the impact of using Web 2.0 tools in teaching algebraic expressions to 6th-grade students on their mathematical achievement and retention. In the research, a quasi-experimental design was used with pre-test post-test control group, one of the quantitative research methods. The research was conducted in the 2023-2024 academic year with 88 students, 44 in the experimental group and 44 in the control group, studying in the 6th grade of a public school in Yenimahalle District of Ankara. The experimental group received instruction through Web 2.0 tools for three weeks, while the control group followed the textbook-based curriculum during the same period. In the study, the "Algebraic Expressions Achievement Test" was used to determine academic success. SPSS 22.0 pragram was used to analyze the data. Independent Samples t-test, Repeated Measures ANOVA, and Benferroni multiple comparison test were used in the analysis process. The findings indicated a significant difference in the post-test mean scores of algebraic expressions between the experimental and control groups, favoring the experimental group. In conclusion, the use of Web 2.0 tools in teaching algebraic expressions was found to be more effective in enhancing students' academic achievement and retention compared to current teaching methods.

The Influence Of Education Based On Self-Efficacy Theory On Interdyalitic Weight Gain (IDWG) In The Hemodialysa Unit

Poor fluid management among hemodialysis patients can lead to detrimental outcomes such as high Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG), contributing to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. While conventional education on fluid restriction exists in hospitals, non-compliance remains prevalent, highlighting the need for educational approaches grounded in self-efficacy theory to enhance patients' self-confidence in self-management. This study aimed to assess the impact of educational interventions based on self-efficacy theory on IDWG in hemodialysis patients at Malahayati Islamic Hospital. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, the study included a total of 68 participants selected through purposive sampling. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) in IDWG scores between the intervention and control groups post-intervention, indicating the effectiveness of self-efficacy-based education in improving compliance with fluid intake restrictions among chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis.