Pretest-posttest Control Group Design Research Articles

EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA ANMATH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI NUMERASI

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of using the ANMATH mathematics learning application in improving students' numeracy literacy. The type of research conducted is experimental research using a pretest-posttest control group design. The population used in this study consists of 11th-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Sedayu. The sample used in this study includes students from class XI MIPA 1 and XI MIPA 2, selected through purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and the administration of pretest and posttest questions to assess students' numeracy literacy on sequences and series material. The hypothesis of this study is that the use of the ANMATH mathematics learning application can enhance students' numeracy literacy more effectively than direct learning without using the ANMATH mathematics learning application. The results of this study indicate that the use of the ANMATH mathematics learning application, which includes numeracy literacy indicators, has been proven effective in improving students' numeracy literacy. This conclusion is based on statistical tests, namely the Paired Sample T-Test, where the test results from the experimental class and the control class have a sig. 2-tailed value < 0.05, the Independent Sample T-Test, which has a sig. 2-tailed value < 0.05, and the mean difference test showing an increase in the experimental and control classes of 39.94 and 19.28, respectively. These results demonstrate that learning using the ANMATH mathematics learning application is more effective in improving students' numeracy literacy compared to learning without using the ANMATH mathematics learning application.

Effects of a Preoperative Patient-Controlled Analgesia Education Program Using Smart Learning in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Patients

BackgroundPatients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy develop severe postoperative pain, and this acute pain often becomes chronic. ObjectivesThis study determines the effects of preoperative education on patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) through smart learning in patients using PCA after undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomies. DesignWe conducted a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group pretest–posttest design. ParticipantsA total of 60 adult patients aged 20-65 years, admitted for laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a hospital in Korea, participated in a smart learning training program. MethodsThe concept of smart learning, which integrates learning content and solutions with the fourth industrial revolution using mobile devices such as smartphones and media tablets was applied in this study. This smart learning training program comprised three phases: (1) prebriefing, where patients accessed PCA knowledge via a program created by researchers and accessible using a mobile web device (e.g., smartphone or an iPad), with training covering pain characteristics, PCA effects, precautions, and usage methods; (2) simulation, where patients learned using PCA with a machine; (3) debriefing, where patients reviewed their knowledge and skills. ResultsComparing the pain between the experimental and control groups, the pain decreased significantly in both the experimental (Z = –4.40, p < .001) and control groups (Z = –4.41, p < .001), with no significant difference between groups (Z = –1.00, p = .319). Preoperative knowledge significantly increased in both the experimental (Z = –4.74, p < .001) and control groups (Z = –3.55, p < .001), with a significant difference between groups (Z = –6.05, p < .001). Total satisfaction with pain control was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. ConclusionsA structured educational program on PCA use is an effective nursing intervention. PCA educational programs using smart learning could help patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy understand postoperative pain, promote efficient PCA use, and enhance their satisfaction with pain control.

Improving Students’ Collaboration Skills Through Project-Based Learning on Environmental Change Material

Collaboration skills are one of the six life skills that are important to have in the 21st century,enabling students to work together, exchange ideas, and respect other people's opinions. This research aims toimprove collaboration skills through Project-Based Learning (PjBL) on environmental change material. Theresearch method used was a quasi-experiment with a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control-group design. Thesample for this research is high school students who are studying Environmental Change material. Collaborationskills questionnaires and observations of learning implementation were used as research instruments. The dataanalysis used was the Independent Sample T-Test and the N-Gain test. The results of the Independent Sample TTest show that the average posttest score for the control and experimental classes is significantly different by0.000. The collaboration skills of experimental class students obtained a mean of 86.39 in the very goodcategory, and the N-Gain test result was 0.465 in the moderate category. This increase is supported by theresults of learning implementation, with an average score of 89.89% in the very good category. This researchimplies that it can provide practical guidance for teachers interested in integrating PjBL into learning.

Perbedaan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Keterampilan Argumentasi Melalui Pembelajaran Argument Driven Inquiry dan Discovery Learning

This research aims to analyze the differences in critical thinking skills and argumentation skills through the application of argument driven inquiry and discovery learning models in biotechnology material. The research method is a quasi-experiment with a quantitative approach using a pretest posttest control group design. The research population was all class X MIA consisting of 3 classes. The research samples were X MIA 2 as experimental class 1 and X MIA 1 as experimental class 2 selected using random sampling techniques. Data collection used critical thinking skills test instruments and argumentation skills tests in the form of 10 essay questions. The posttest t-test results for critical thinking skills obtained a value of 0.01, which is smaller than 0.05, thus showing that there are differences in critical thinking skills in classes that use argument driven inquiry and discovery learning models on biotechnology material. The results of the t-test posttest on argumentation skills obtained a value of 0.00, which is smaller than 0.05, thus indicating that there are differences in argumentation skills in classes that use argument driven inquiry and discovery learning models.

IMPACT OF BLENDED LEARNING TEACHING TECHNIQUE ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENTS AT ELEMENTARY LEVEL

The increasing demands on teachers have led to the strategic integration of information communication technology, suggesting that teachers' efficacy can be heightened through the judicious incorporation of technology into their teaching techniques. In light of this premise, this research aimed to assess the impact of blending learning teaching techniques on the academic achievements of 8th class science subject students in Gujranwala. The main objective was to compare achievement levels between blending learning and traditional methods. In this regard, the pre-test post-test control group design was utilized, with a sample of sixty students randomly selected. Data were collected through achievement test, revealing the blending learnings' superiority in enhancing the students' cognitive skills according to Bloom's taxonomy. This study examined the leading issues in contemporary situation wherein results provide significant information in reaching the decision of study and making some appropriate recommendations. This highlighted the potential benefits in a tailor-made format thereby incorporating blending learning in developments of education at different levels especially at the elementary level.

Role Awareness Training in Student Athletes : Does Awareness of Roles Improve Self Regulation?

Self-regulation can help student-athletes in achieving goals related to their role as athletes or students. Previous research has shown that role awareness training can improve psychological well-being, but the effect of this intervention on self-regulation has yet to be discovered. This research aims to determine the effect of role awareness training on student-athletes in the SLOMPN Unesa dormitory. The method used is quantitative experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design. The experiment lasted in 4 meetings and was conducted on 12 student-athletes aged 13-16 who were obtained through saturated sampling. Data was obtained through the pretest and posttest of the self-regulation instrument, which was then calculated using the independent t-test method. The results of this study indicate that role awareness training influences student athletes' self-regulation, with a t value of 2,493 and p&lt;0,05. Student-athletes in this study also had equally high autonomous and controlled regulation tendencies.

The Impact of the Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) Instructional Model on Biodiversity Topics to Enhance Students' Argumentation Skills

This study aims to investigate the impact of Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI)-based biology instruction on students' argumentation skills in the context of biodiversity. The research is classified as a quasi-experimental study using a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The independent variable in this study is the implementation of the Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) instructional model. The population of this study comprises all tenth-grade students at SMAN 5 Padang. The sample consists of two classes, with Class X IPA 1 selected as the experimental group and Class X IPA 2 as the control group. Data on students' argumentation skills were collected using essay-type tests. The data analysis techniques employed include the Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, Independent Sample t-test, and Effect Size test. The results indicate that the use of the Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) instructional model positively influences the improvement of students' argumentation skills on the topic of biodiversity. This implies that students successfully achieved the targeted learning objectives using the ADI model.

The Influence of Implementing Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFAE) Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes Assisted by Dakonmatika Learning Media

Students' motivation to study mathematics was essential for improving their learning outcomes in the subject. Integrating the cooperative learning model of Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFAE) with the Dakonmatika learning media represents an innovative blend of group learning and the traditional Indonesian game of Dakon or Congklak. This research aims to determine the effect of using the SFAE learning model assisted by Dakonmatika media on students' mathematics learning outcomes. The study employs a quantitative method with a Quasi-Experimental design in the form of The Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The subjects of this study were 54 students from Muhammadiyah 2 Elementary School in Sorong City, divided into two classes: an experimental class of 29 students and a control class of 25 students. The research findings indicated that, based on the previously described data analysis and discussion of the multiple linear regression test, a significance value of 0.019 &lt; 0.05 was obtained. According to the decision-making criteria, H0 was rejected. Moreover, from the t-test table, the calculated value (2.477) was greater than the table value (2.05553), meaning that t_calculated &gt; t_table. It implied that the application of the SFAE learning model with the assistance of Dakonmatika media has a significant impact on the mathematics learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at Muhammadiyah 2 Elementary School in Sorong City. The implication of this study was that the integration of the Student Facilitator And Explaining (SFAE) learning model with daconmatics media has great potential in improving the quality of mathematics learning in schools.

The Positive Impact of Game-Assisted Project Based Learning Model on Students’ Critical Thinking Ability in Mathematics Learning

Anxiety and difficulty understanding the material in mathematics learning in children results in a decrease in children's critical thinking abilities. The aim of this research was to analyze the application of the pure PjBL model and the game-based PjBL model to children's critical thinking abilities. This research was a type of quantitative research with experimental methods. The research design used was Mathing Pretest Posttest Control Group Design. The population of this research was between grades 1-6. The sample for this research is 32 grade 5 students divided into 2 classes, namely the control class and the experimental class. The method used to collect data was observation and tests. The instrument used to collect data was a question sheet. The data analysis technique was carried out using the t test and anova test using the SPSS 25 application. The results of the analysis were the pure PjBL model and game-based PjBL, both of which saw an increase in scores before and after being given treatment. Comparison between the game-based PjBL model and the pure PjBL model shows that the game-based PjBL model was superior to the pure PjBL. The conclusion of this research was that both pure and game-based PjBL models have an influence on critical thinking skills and the use of the game-based PjBL model was superior in improving critical thinking skills compared to the pure PjBL model.

Paper Puppets as an Interactive Learning Medium in Third Grade Elementary Schools

In the current era of globalization, educational challenges are becoming increasingly complex and require innovation in the learning process to improve the quality of student learning outcomes. One innovation that is currently developing rapidly is the application of learning media. The problem found by researchers in the field is the lack of application of the learning media used which affects student learning outcomes. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of paper puppet learning media has on the third grade elementary school level. The type of research used is quantitative research with a pre-experimental designs research design with pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects of this research were third grade elementary school students at elementary school with a sample of 53 students and the sampling technique used was random sampling. The data collection techniques used were interviews, questionnaires, and tests. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The research results obtained were that there was an influence on student learning outcomes after testing and comparing the application of paper puppet media. The conclusion of the research obtained were that there was an influence on student learning outcomes between before and after implementing paper puppet learning media.

The effect of group art therapy on the stress coping ability of Chinese international students in South Korea: using the person-in-the-rain test.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of group therapy on the stress coping skills of Chinese students in Korea using a pre-test post-test control group design. Thirty participants were randomly placed into an experimental group (EG; n = 15) and a control group (CG; n = 15). The EG completed eight 120-min sessions of group art therapy. The Person-in-the-Rain (PITR) drawing test was conducted with both groups before and after the EG completed art therapy. The test revealed that EG members demonstrated lower stress and significantly higher stress resources and coping abilities than the CG members after the intervention. The group art therapy program improved the EG participants' ability to deal with stress. This study's findings may offer insights useful for determining how best to provide psychological and emotional support to international students who have left their home countries and are continuing their academic journeys abroad.

Learning Analytics Approach to Improve Multiple Representation Skills in Direct-Current Circuits

A high failure rate in physics subjects is caused by students' inability to understand the material. The physics learning process certainly requires an appropriate learning approach. The learning analytics approach is one of the innovations in learning. It allows students to analyze problems. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the learning analytics approach's effect on improving students' multiple representation skills. This research is experimental. The validation of the lesson plan obtained excellent results based on two material experts and four practitioners. Furthermore, the empirical test was carried out on 504 students. The research design was the pretest-posttest control group design. The control and experimental groups were determined using cluster random sampling. The findings of this research include (1) the normality test results that are higher than 0.05, which means that the research data was normally distributed. (2) The homogeneity test results were higher than 0.05, which indicated that the data was homogeneous. (3) The paired sample T-test obtained a value lower than 0.05, which means that there was an influence of the multiple representation approach. (4) The N-gain value in the experimental class was higher than the control class. Lastly, (5) only 47.2% of students used graphical and mathematical representation skills. Based on these findings, the effect of the learning analytics approach on students' multiple representation skills was fairly good with moderate criteria. For further research, learning products or models can be developed to improve multiple representation skills focused on a combination of graphics and mathematics.

STAR Technique in the ABCD5E Learning Model to Improve Teacher Assessment Capability in Early Chilhood Education

Assessment is an inseparable part of the learning process. However, teachers in the ABCD5E learning model do not conduct assessments optimally. In the results of discussions and questionnaires, more than 65% found it difficult to conduct assessments. This encourages the creators of the ABCD5E learning model to find techniques to make it easier for PAUD teachers to conduct assessments with the ABCD5E learning model. The creator of the ABCD5E learning model adopted the STAR technique from DDI. The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the STAR Technique (Situation, Task, Action, and Result) in learning with the ABCD5E model to improve PAUD teachers' assessment skills. The research method used was experimental, using a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The results showed an increase in the ability of teachers to conduct assessments using the STAR technique in the implementation of the ABCD5E learning model.

The Effectiveness of The Stad-Type Cooperative Learning Model on The Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability of Elementary School Students

Students’ ability to solve problems is still lacking because they often rely on memorizing concepts. The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the STAD-type cooperative learning model in helping students solve mathematical problems. This type of research used descriptive quantitative research. This research approach used an experiment with a Quasi experimental design in the form of a pre-test post-test control group design. This research was conducted using a sample of fifth-grade students at Dukuhan Kerten State Elementary School, even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. This research used a cluster random sampling technique where two experimental and control classes were obtained. Independent Sample T-Test is one type of data analysis test used. STAD and conventional learning models show different levels of effectiveness, as seen from the Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.044 &lt; 0.05 indicated that is rejected. In the Independent sample t-test the mean value of the experimental class also bigger than the mean of the control class, which is 0.4280 &gt; 0.2708. It showed that in improving fifth-grade students’class V mathematics problem solving skills on geometric material, the STAD learning model is more effective to use.

Analysis Influence: Learning True False Learning Model Based Domino Cards on Student Learning Outcomes

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine the learning outcomes of students using and not using the True or False learning strategy based on domino cards on the reproductive system material in class XI science at Public High School 8 Bandar Lampung. Methodology: This type of research is a quasi-experimental research with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design research design. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling of 72 students. The data collection technique was carried out using 20 multiple-choice test instruments. The data analysis technique was carried out using descriptive analysis techniques and inferential analysis techniques. Main Findings: The results showed that classes that used the True or False learning strategy based on domino cards had higher average scores than classes that did not use the strategy. Regression analysis indicated a significant influence of this learning strategy on the learning outcomes of class XI science students at Public High School 8 Bandar Lampung, with a calculated t value greater than the t table and a significance level of 0.05. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research can lie in the innovative approach in using the "True or False" learning strategy based on domino cards to understand and improve student learning outcomes in studying complex material such as Coordination Systems. This approach can be an interesting new step because it combines two different elements.

Selenomethionine Supplementation Contributes to Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Markers following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

Background. Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is a temporary response to intense or prolonged exercise that can cause muscle pain, inflammation, and impaired muscle function. Antioxidant supplementation is a proposed strategy to reduce EIMD symptoms by targeting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) involved in the process. Objective. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Selenomethionine supplementation on malondialdehyde (MDA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels resulting from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage (EIMD). Materials and methods. This study used a randomized pretest-posttest control group design, involving a total of 32 male recreational students from the State University of Surabaya (Indonesian: Universitas Negeri Surabaya), (age 19.25 ± 0.76 years, body mass 63.16 ± 3.38 kg, height 167.28 ± 4.54 cm, body fat 19.60% ± 4.57%). The participants were randomly assigned to the selenomethionine group (SEM, 100 µg/day) or placebo group (PLA, corn starch 100 mg/day) for a period of 28 days (4 weeks). On days 1 (baseline) and 29, participants underwent a single bout of EIMD. Blood samples were collected 24 hours post-EIMD to measure MDA and CRP concentrations in plasma. The statistical analysis was conducted using paired sample t-test. Results. The placebo group experienced a significant increase in plasma MDA and CRP concentrations after EIMD compared with baseline values (p &lt; 0.05). However, the SeMet group showed lower plasma MDA and CRP levels than the placebo group. Conclusions. Daily Selenomethionine supplementation for 28 days has been found to reduce oxidative stress by lowering MDA levels in the blood and to decrease inflammation by reducing CRP levels post-exercise-induced muscle damage. This indicates a lower risk of EIMD due to reduced oxidative stress and inflammation.

Peningkatan Kemampuan Matematika Melalui Penggunaan Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Permainan di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 060944

This research aims to explore the effectiveness of using game-based learning methods in improving the mathematical abilities of students at State Elementary School 060944. The research was conducted using an experimental pre-test post-test control group design, involving two classes with a total of 60 students. One class was the control group and received conventional learning, while the other class was the experimental group and received game-based learning. The research results show that game-based learning is effective in improving students mathematical understanding and skills compared to conventional lerning. The practical implication of this research is the importance of integrating interesting and activity-based learning methods in the learning process at State Elementary School 060944 to improve student academic achievement.

Efektivitas Nature Music Theraphy Terhadap Peningkatan Konsentrasi Belajar Mahasiswa

Concentration is an important aspect of learning, but there are still many students who experience difficulty concentrating. This research aims to determine the effect of nature music therapy on increasing student learning concentration. This experimental research uses a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 10 students who were divided into experimental and control groups. Concentrations were measured before and after treatment. The result was that there was a higher average increase in the experimental group's concentration score (sig value = 0.011; two-sided p (p&lt;0.05)). Therefore, it can be concluded that nature music therapy has a positive and significant influence on increasing student learning concentration.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Permainan Edukatif dalam Pembelajaran Kosakata Bahasa Inggris pada Anak Usia Pra-Sekolah

This research aims to analyze the effect of using educational games on learning English vocabulary in pre-school children. The background of this research is based on the importance of learning English from an early age, where vocabulary mastery is a crucial basic component. The research method used was an experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of 60 pre-school children who were randomly divided into experimental groups and control groups. The experimental group was given vocabulary learning using various educational games, while the control group used conventional methods. Data was collected through vocabulary tests before and after treatment, as well as observations during the learning process. The results of data analysis show that there is a significant increase in mastery of English vocabulary in the experimental group compared to the control group. These findings indicate that educational games can be an effective method in improving English vocabulary learning in pre-school children. This research suggests that educators consider the integration of educational games in the English language learning curriculum for early childhood.

LIBRENG PAGKAIN AND LEARNING COMPETENCE OF KINDERGARTEN PUPILS AT RISK OF DROPPING

This study sought to determine the effect of libreng pagkain on the learning competence of kindergarten learners. This study made use of quasi-experimental research design, which is a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Non-equivalent design is a good design when the researcher has access to one group for experimentation (Vockel 1983). The researcher opted to use this design because the subjects of the study are intact group of learners.This study was conducted in Matanao National High School, Division of Davao Del Sur. The subjects of this study were the 43 grade nine students – 21 are from section A which comprised the controlled group and 22 are from section B composed the experimental group. The composition of these two sections is heterogeneous therefore pupils of sections A and B have identical range of performance. This study made use of the non-random assignment of subjects where all learners of both sections A and B were involved as subjects of the study.This study revealed that the implementation of libreng pagkain program has increased the learning competence of the kindergarten learners. It also revealed that there is magnitude of difference between the post test scores of the controlled and experimental groups. KEYWORDS: Libreng Pagkain, learning competence pupils at risk