Constant Change Research Articles

The competition between charge density wave and superconductivity in the kagome metal CsV3(Sb1-xPbx)5 single crystals

Kagome metal AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) has garnered considerable attention for its abundant exotic quantum phenomena and the special competitive relationship between charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity (SC). In this work we explore the unconventional coupling between charge density wave and superconductivity by means of the substitutional doping of Pb atoms with Sb atoms. Microscopic characterization and performance tests provide valuable phase diagram information for CsV3(Sb1-xPbx)5. Upon Pb doping, a pronounced competition between the charge density wave transition temperature TCDW and the superconducting temperature Tc was observed. Analysis of changes in Debye temperature ΘD and lattice constant, it is shown that Pb doping affects atomic bonding and may strengthen the coupling between adjacent kagome layers to some extent. Furthermore, the small angular shift of the diffraction peak and increased full width at half maximum (FWHM) indicate that the doping causes crystal defects and distorts the crystal structure, which will change the charge density in the local area and may affect the superconductivity. This result further reveals a close correlation between the superconductivity of the system and the electronic structure of the kagome plane in the CsV3Sb5 system. Overall, our results suggest that the observed competition arises from the complex interplay of multiple factors.

Preferences For Health Information and Participation in Decision Making: The Patients’ Perspectives for Hospital Improvement

Patients of varying generations demand varying approaches. Additionally, hailing from diverse indigenous cultures and religions, they have distinct historical backgrounds that shape their personal qualities. In healthcare, holistic care is critical, and it must meet the dynamism and constant change of the world, while also taking generational gaps into account as a major concern in healthcare. This quantitative research made use of the descriptive, comparative (non-causal) design to compare the differences in the perceptions on the preferences for health information and participation in decision making among generational in-patients in a government-retained hospital for the 2nd quarter of 2021. Findings of the study revealed that the respondents had a good preference on health information on diagnosis, treatment, laboratory tests, self-care, and psychosocial while they are only had a fair preference of health information on complimentary or alternative medicine and healthcare provider. The Generation Z scored the highest of the four generations while the Baby Boomers scored the lowest. The respondents had a poor preference for participation in decision making on their diagnosis and treatment. They had a fair preference for participation in decision making on their laboratory tests but they had a good preference for participation in decision making on their self-care, complimentary or alternative medicine, and healthcare provider. They had a very good preference for participation in decision making on the psychosocial factors. The Baby Boomers scored the highest of the four generations, while the Generation Z scored the lowest. There was a significant difference in the perceptions on preference on health information. The Generation Z had a better preference on health information as compared to the Baby Boomers. Further, there was a significant difference in the perceptions for participation on decision making. The Baby Boomers, the Generation X, and the Generation Y are much better in terms of the perception of preferences for participation in decision making over the Generation Z. With the findings, a multi-generational health information and decision-making enhancement plan was created.

Potential Impact of Sustainable Business Practices: Brand Equity in Fast Food and Millennials’ Purchase Intentions

This study was carried out because we live in a world of constant change and high competition, where local fast-food brands in Chiclayo do not have an adequate position in the consumer’s mind compared to international franchises established in our town. The general objective was to determine the influence of brand equity on the purchase intention for local fast-food brands among Chiclayo millennials. The model proposed includes the constructs of brand equity in various category of food products. This document is intended to contribute to society and the scientific community by providing strategic support to brand owners who work with this approach and individual managers. A quantitative approach was used, with a basic type, explanatory level, and non-experimental cross-sectional design, using Cronbach’s alpha for reliability of the instrument and validity by expert judgment. Customers of local fast-food brands comprised the sample, with a total of 385 people surveyed independent of gender. SPSS v.27 and Microsoft Excel 2019 were used for simple random sampling. It was concluded that millennial consumers have regular brand equity and purchase intention for local fast-food brands, emphasizing that the knowledge dimension does not significantly influence purchase intention.

Investigating the Serum Albumin Binding Behavior of Naphthalimide Based Fluorophore Conjugates: Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking Approach.

In the present study, naphthalimide-pyrazole-benzothiazole based fluorescent analogs were synthesized by substituting different primary and secondary amines on the naphthalimide nucleus and were evaluated for their sensitivity and selectivity towards serum albumin. Among various synthesized analogues compound 25 showed the most significant change with serum albumin and was further studied for selective detection and mode of interaction with serum albumin. Here, we compared the binding interaction of fluorescent probe 25 for variation/detection of two 76 % structurally resembling proteins HSA and BSA, by spectroscopic experiments. The compound shows more selectivity for HSA and BSA with a higher binding constant and evident visible change in the emission spectra of two serum albumins among different bioanalytes. The mode of interaction of 25 with human serum albumin and bovine serum albumin was investigated by FT-IR, circular dichroism, and DLS techniques to find out the change in the microenvironment and variation in the structure of serum albumin proteins. Higher binding affinity and specific selectivity of 25 with a limit of detection of 0.69 μM and 1.4 μM towards HSA and BSA compared to other bioanalytes make it a significant fluorescent probe for quantitatively detecting serum albumins at the very early stage of many fatal diseases.

INTEGER LINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL FOR AGGREGATE PRODUCTION PLANNING, APPLICATION OF LEARNING CURVES, AND HYPOTHESIS TESTING

ABSTRACT: Efficient production management and business administration are essential to maintain competitiveness in a business environment in constant change and complexity; the optimization of production systems becomes imperative to minimize costs and maximize operational efficiency. In this context, the implementation of advanced integer linear programming techniques emerges as a solution for aggregate production planning, based on the establishment of a uniform flow of processes to contribute to improving the efficiency of the system and reducing associated cost overruns. This article presents the analysis of the use of integer linear programming for aggregate production planning, applied to the production process of concrete blocks and concrete for structural masonry in the company Blocks del Sinú SAS in the department of Córdoba - Colombia. An optimization model is proposed that satisfies the forecasted demand through adjustments to the levels of production, labor, inventories, contracting and raw materials. The results show that with the standardization of the production process and work methods to minimize the costs of the production plan and meet the demand requirements in accordance with the company's capacity, demand will strictly occur within the planning horizon. , which implies that there will be no shortage of raw materials. Keywords: Aggregate planning, integer linear programming, production.

A gradient B2-BCT transition introduced by deformation in eutectic high-entropy alloy

Eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEAs) exhibit promising characteristics for achieving both high strength and good ductility owing to their diverse deformation mechanisms. In this study, a gradient B2-body-centerd tetragonal (BCT) phase transformation was observed in a deformed Al19Fe20Co20Ni41 (at. %) EHEA. The X-ray diffraction patterns indicate a gradual transformation from the B2 phase to the BCT phase, a process significantly influenced by the applied strain during tensile testing. The gradient transition region between B2 phase and BCT phase occurs within a single grain, where the lattice constant changes step by step. Such a mechanism holds huge potential for enhancing the mechanical properties of EHEAs.

Modification of Hilhorst model for saturated extract electrical conductivity estimation of coir using frequency domain reflectometry sensors – A laboratory study

Frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensors can measure moisture content and electrical conductivity (EC) of growing media, thus providing information for effective water and nutrient management of crops. FDR sensors generally provide the bulk EC (σb) value, which is different from the saturated extract EC (σe) values that most growers and practical studies generally use. To properly estimate σe of media, we modified the previous Hilhorst model that calculates pore water EC (σp) from FDR sensor readings. The 16 coir samples with four moisture and four EC levels were prepared, and their changes in the dielectric constant of bulk medium (εb), σb, and medium temperature from the FDR sensors were recorded and used for analysis. As a result, the εσb=0 (εb when σb is 0) of the coir used in this experiment was 1.64, which was much lower than the εσb=0 suggested for mineral soil (4.1), indicating that the medium-specific εσb=0 should be adjusted. Although σe value estimation through the Hilhorst model with adjusted εσb=0 improved, the values were still unreliable to represent the actual σe values (root mean square error, RMSE = 2.280, R2 = 0.30). To convert the σp derived from the Hilhorst model with adjusted εσb=0 to actual σe, the regression equation was applied as σe = 0.5381 × σp + 1.6493. The adjusted Hilhorst model could provide a more reliable σe estimation (RMSE = 0.929, R2 = 0.62). These results indicate that proper adjustment of εσb=0 for the specific medium is necessary, and adjusting the equation for converting σp into σe would be helpful to properly interpret the σb to practically utilize the FDR sensors for effective water and nutrient management.

The nexus between maternity care and bordering practices: A qualitative study of provider perspectives on maternal healthcare provision for Afghan women migrating through Serbia to Western Europe

Serbia is a well-established transit country for Afghans travelling overland to seek protection in Western Europe, and Afghan women continue to experience pregnancy and birth during migration. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perspectives and experiences and of clinical and non-clinical perinatal care and support providers to Afghan women during migration through Serbia, using a critical border studies lens. Semi-structured interviews with 21 Serbia-based providers (conducted August 2021–October 2022 and analysed thematically) provided five inductive themes: (1) contours of life in Serbia for Afghan women; (2) providing maternity care and support to a highly mobile group; (3) enablers and barriers to accessing and using maternity care; (4) risks of onward migration; and (5) supporting women in a landscape of constant change. We identified ways in which regional geopolitics translated to bordering practices that interfered with maternity support provision to Afghan women in Serbia. We argue that non-exclusionary systems of care are needed to ensure women on the move receive adequate maternity support.

Development of a strategy for sustainable development of enterprises in conditions of uncertainty

In modern conditions, the development of socio-economic systems takes place under the influence of external and internal factors. In a world where constant changes occur, such characteristics of an object or system as stability and permanence become especially important. Due to the need to renew the national economy, an essential aspect of the functioning of enterprises at the current stage is their sustainable development, which must meet the needs of people at present and create a prosperous future for the next generations. Its components must be organically integrated into the strategic management of the enterprise. The purpose of this publication is to critically evaluate various theoretical and methodological approaches to the formation of sustainable development. Specifically, we aim to uncover the unique challenges and strategies involved in the sustainable development of business structures amidst the current socio-economic uncertainties. The article examines the essence of the formation of a strategy for the sustainable development of an enterprise. The essential content of the sustainable development of the economy within the framework of the "Goals of sustainable development" has been determined. Approaches to the study of interpretations of the concept of "sustainable development of the enterprise" are substantiated, determining the multifaceted nature of this concept and its complex nature. The experience of EU countries in the field of strategic management of sustainable business development is considered. The essence of the concepts of strategy, enterprise strategy, strategic planning, and strategy of sustainable development of the enterprise is defined. The elements of the strategy of sustainable development of the enterprise as a socio-ecological-economic system were studied. It is noted that enterprise strategies should be formed according to different principles based on strategic planning and management postulates. Conclusions. Strategy is the primary tool that allows an enterprise in an unstable external environment to determine the direction of activity and target orientations, develop a plan of measures to achieve the set goals and maintain the ability to maintain a high level of competitiveness and not lose parameters of sustainability. The symbiosis of strategic, innovative, and sustainability aspects of the enterprise's development will increase its social, environmental, and economic efficiency, thus ensuring a high level of competitiveness and survival of the enterprise in the long term. Keywords: sustainable development of the enterprise, sustainable development strategy, strategic planning, socio-ecological-economic system.

New threats for a protected plant: the need to review and update recovery plans of endangered species.

Helianthemum polygonoides is a perennial halophyte identified in 1987 in the Saltmarsh of Cordovilla (Albacete, SE Spain). In 2004 its distribution area was approximately 16 hectares, and its population was estimated at around 185000 adult individuals. Thus, this species is considered a local endemism due to its restricted distribution area, being catalogued as a "Critically Endangered" (CR). The main goal of this study is to review the current situation of the endemism, updating its distribution area and current threats and, consequently, establishing up-to-date conservation guidelines. A marked increment in the H. polygonoides population have been found (381909 individuals were estimated in 2022 census). We located new populations of H. polygonides, increasing its core distribution area and revealing the consolidation of proposed protection measures. In this context, our results have confirmed the direct relationship between the population size and the protection measures. According to the threat’s assessment, we have observed that most of the threats and impacts have been reduced (e.g., grazing) or stopped (e.g., accumulation of debris). However, we have found new threats (e.g., rabbit proliferation, wild boar damages, and fires), emphasising the need to review and update the Recovery Plan of H. polygonoides. In fact, we want to be pointed out that the mentioned threats are in constant change. We suggest the inclusion of new guidelines to control the new-found threats and provide eight new conservation guidelines to improve the conservation status of the current populations of H. polygonoides.

Biphase routing scheme for optimal throughput in large-scale optical satellite networks

In the large-scale optical satellite network (LS-OSN), hundreds to thousands of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites will be interconnected via laser links, offering global coverage characterized by high throughput and low latency. LS-OSNs present an attractive strategy to cultivate a comprehensively connected, intelligent world. However, the dynamic nature of the satellites, as they orbit the Earth, results in frequent changes in the LS-OSN topology. Thus, there is a pressing need for efficient routing algorithms that not only cater to massive traffic demands but also swiftly adapt to these constant topological changes. Traditional routing algorithms for services with specific bandwidth requirements often compromise on either computational speed or throughput efficiency. In response, this study introduces a routing scheme based on flow optimization and decomposition (FOND). This seeks to shorten the computation time while preserving optimal network throughput. Expanding upon the FOND scheme, we further devised two heuristic algorithms: the flow-based greedy path (FGP) and the flow-based greedy width (FGW). Simulation results from a 288-satellite constellation network indicate that both the FGP and FGW outpace contemporary methods in terms of the routing computation time while maintaining a consistent throughput equal to 100% of the network capacity. Notably, the FGP has exhibited an impressive capability, reducing the routing computation time to 0.23% compared to the baseline incremental-widest-path (IWP) algorithm, which operates on Dijkstra’s algorithm principles.

Integration of stakeholder management and risk management methods in projects of housing and communal services providers

The object of research is stakeholder and risk management processes in the projects of housing and communal services providers. In conditions of constant change and uncertainty, such management becomes key to ensuring the success and sustainability of projects in this area. The problem addressed by the study is the development and analysis of an integrated model that combines stakeholder management with risk management, with an emphasis on innovation and performance improvement. The essence of the obtained results is the identification of key points of interaction between stakeholders and risks, as well as the development of complex strategies for their effective management. The model is based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis, including structural-logical analysis, SWOT analysis, as well as the use of expert evaluation methods. The results are explained by the need for a deeper integrated approach to stakeholder and risk management, especially in the context of housing and communal services (HCS), where the interaction between these elements directly affects the success of projects. This approach allows not only to identify potential problems at an early stage, but also to respond to them more effectively. The innovativeness of the proposed model lies not only in its comprehensive approach to the analysis and management of stakeholders and risks, but also in the possibility of its scaling and adaptation to various conditions and projects in the field of housing. The application of this model includes the intensive use of modern analytical tools, which contributes to more accurate forecasting of risks and more effective solving of problems related to stakeholders. This, in turn, allows utilities providers to increase the quality and reliability of the services provided, strengthening trust and satisfaction among users. Also, the model provides for the active involvement of stakeholders in the project management process, which ensures greater openness, transparency of actions and the ability to quickly adapt to changing market conditions. The research results can be used in practice in the field of housing and public utilities to optimize project management, increase their efficiency, and reduce risks. This will be especially relevant in cases where an integrated approach to management is needed, considering both the requirements and expectations of stakeholders, as well as potential risks.

The Relationship Between Students and Teachers and its Implications

Education is a topic that people often discuss in today's society. Since students and teachers spend a significant amount of time in contact, there is an increasing focus on the teacher-student relationship in the education community. This article primarily delves into the types of teacher-student relationships and their impact. Upon reviewing the literature, it becomes evident that, in the past, the relationship between teachers and students exhibited a notable imbalance. Teachers held authority in transmitting knowledge, while students typically served as knowledge receivers. With the continuous development of society, the relationship between teachers and students is undergoing constant change, gradually becoming more equal. Teachers are no longer mere authorities in the classroom but actively engage with students, thereby fostering a positive teacher-student relationship. This positive relationship will not only have a beneficial impact on students but will also elevate teachers' teaching standards. The article also provides specific suggestions on how to cultivate a positive teacher-student relationship, aiming to assist teachers in creating a positive and effective rapport with their students.

A positive deviant approach to examining the impact of Covid-19 on ethnic inequalities in maternal and neonatal outcomes

ObjectivesDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, rapid and heterogeneous changes were made to maternity care. Identification of changes that may reduce maternal health inequalities is a national priority. The aim of this project was to use data collected about care and outcomes to identify NHS Trusts in the UK where inequalities in outcomes reduced during the pandemic and explore through interviews how the changes that occurred may have led to a reduction in inequalities. MethodsA Women’s Reference Group of public advisors guided the project. Analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care data of 128 organisations in England identified “positive deviant” organisations that reduced inequalities, using maternal and perinatal composite adverse outcome indicators. Positive deviant organisations were identified for investigation, alongside comparators. Senior clinicians, heads of midwifery and representatives of women giving birth were interviewed. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed. ResultsThe change in the inequality gap for the maternal indicator ranged from a reduction of −0.24 to an increase of 0.30 per 1000 births between the pre-pandemic and pandemic period. For the perinatal composite indicator, the change in inequality gap ranged from −0.47 to 0.67 per 1000 births. Nine Trusts were identified as positive deviants and 10 as comparators. We conducted 20 interviews from six positive deviant and four comparator organisations. Positive deviants reported that necessary shifts in roles led to productive and novel use of expert staff; comparators reported senior staff ‘stepping in’ where needed and no benefits of this. They reported proactivity and quick reactions, increased team working, and rapid implementation of new ideas. Comparators found constant changes overwhelming, and no increase in team working. No specific differences in care processes were identified. ConclusionsHarnessing proactivity, flexibility, staffing resource, and increased team working proves vital in reducing health inequalities.

Effective End-of-Life Management of Assets in Organization by Snowflake Integration

To preserve device stability and security in today's industrial environment, vulnerabilities must be found and fixed. Asset managers face issues in managing End-of-Life (EOL) statuses, which are subject to constant change, and in traversing many data sources. It is challenging to have uniform view into important data without a centralized dashboard. We suggest putting in place a scraping method to collect data from various sources in order to overcome these issues. After the EOL data has been thoroughly verified and updated, the results will be shown on a consolidated, scalable, and dependable dashboard that easily links into the current systems. Advanced data slicing and dicing techniques will be used, utilizing Snowflake's capabilities, to handle enormous datasets efficiently. This all-encompassing strategy seeks to improve asset management procedures, strengthen device security, and offer useful information for defensible decision-making

Self-Perceived Interpersonal Problems Among Long-Term Unemployed Individuals, and Vocational Rehabilitation Programs (In)ability to Change Them.

Self-perceived interpersonal problems can challenge one's access to the work market, making it harder to attain and keep a job while adding to the distress of being outside of the labor market. In this study, we compared the self-perceived interpersonal problems among long-term unemployed individuals taking part in vocational rehabilitation programs (VRPs) (N = 220) with those of the general population. In addition, we examined whether their self-perceived interpersonal problems changed while taking part in the VRPs. We found that participants report significantly higher levels of self-perceived interpersonal problems as measured by the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP), especially with regard to feeling cold/distanced, socially inhibited, vindictive/self-centered, and non-assertive. The participants did not report a significant decrease in self-perceived interpersonal problems after being part of VRPs for one year. These results are relevant as they may inform interventions targeted this population aimed at increasing employability and/or individual well-being. Importantly, the findings may be viewed as a reflection of both social and individual processes. Long-term unemployed individuals' tendency to feel insufficiently engaged may reflect difficulty with keeping up with a job market in constant change.

Nursing care in patients with terminal cancer in the palliative care unit during the pandemic, nursing perspectives

Introduction: during the pandemic, nursing staff in the palliative care unit had to quickly adapt to an unknown situation, marked by uncertainty and constant changes in their action protocols.Objective: determine the perception of nursing care in patients with terminal-stage cancer in times of pandemic in the palliative care unit in a hospital in the city of Guayaquil.Method: qualitative, exploratory and phenomenological approach, guiding an interview with 15 nurses of the palliative care service.Results: the absence of an institutional model of palliative care in the hospital stands out, although the Ministry of Public Health (MSP) guidelines themselves are used and are not socialized. Despite the dedication of the health team, there are shortcomings in resources, a lack of specialized training and the need to select personnel with a vocation for palliative care. The needs of the patients include the eradication of symptoms and the relief of physical discomfort, while the needs of the nurse refer to the change in the service due to the emotional impact produced by the suffering of the patients. During the course of Covid-19, the isolation of the patient was generated, promoting their loneliness and anguish, in addition, the lack of resources, medical assistance and the support of their families predominated.Conclusions: comprehensive care, covering medical, psychological, social, economic and spiritual aspects, emerges as a crucial factor to alleviate physical discomfort, provide emotional support and preserve the dignity of patients during this stage

Surface Roughness, Dynamic Wettability, and Interphase of Modified Melamine Formaldehyde-Based Adhesives on Jabon Wood.

The surface roughness and wettability of wood are critical aspects to consider when producing laminated wood products with adhesive applications. This study aims to investigate the surface roughness and dynamic wettability of Jabon wood in the presence of melamine formaldehyde (MF)-based adhesives. Commercial MF adhesives (MF-0) and modified MF adhesives (MF-1) were applied to Jabon wood, which includes tangential (T), radial (R), and semi-radial (T/R) surfaces. The surface roughness of Jabon wood was assessed using a portable stylus-type profilometer. The low-bond axisymmetric drop shape analysis (LB-ADSA) method was employed to identify the contact angle (θ) of the MF-based adhesives on Jabon wood. The wettability was determined by evaluating the constant contact angle change rate (K value) using the Shi and Gardner (S/G) model. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was employed to investigate the viscoelastic characteristics of the interphase analysis of the wood and MF-based adhesives. The roughness level (Ra) of the Jabon board ranged from 5.62 to 6.94 µm, with the T/R having a higher level of roughness than the R and T. MF-0 exhibited a higher K value (0.262-0.331) than MF-1 (0.136-0.212), indicating that MF-0 wets the surface of Jabon wood more easily than MF-1. The wood-MF-0 interphase reached a maximum stiffness of 957 N/m at 123.0 °C, while the wood-MF-1 had a maximum stiffness of 2734 N/m at 110.5 °C. In addition, the wood-MF-0 had a maximum storage modulus of 12,650 MPa at a temperature of 128.9 °C, while the wood-MF-1 had a maximum storage modulus of 22,950 MPa at 113.5 °C.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО БИЗНЕСА НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН

In market conditions, the development of private business, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, plays a key role for any country. The effectiveness of this process is one of the main indicators of economic growth and has a direct impact on the composition and quality of national income. The main task of the management personnel of modern enterprises is to create their competitive advantages, which ensures the demand for products sold and financial stability. At the same time, the implementation of this task becomes more complicated in the context of constant foreign economic changes, reinforced by sanctions pressure. In addition, small and medium-sized businesses often face limited access to financial resources, management difficulties and competition from large companies. Analysis and comparative assessment of the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses provides an understanding of the key factors influencing the success of these enterprises, and makes it possible to develop strategies and support measures aimed at strengthening their position in the market. The object of the study is the activities of small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) in the region. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the level of competitiveness of certain areas of small and medium-sized businesses using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. Research methods include deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, documentary method, abstract-logical, economic-mathematical and tabular methods. The scientific novelty of the research is the formation of competitiveness criteria, the development of a model for comparative assessment of the competitiveness of small and medium-sized businesses, the application of this model in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Mechanical state transitions in the regulation of tissue form and function.

From embryonic development, postnatal growth and adult homeostasis to reparative and disease states, cells and tissues undergo constant changes in genome activity, cell fate, proliferation, movement, metabolism and growth. Importantly, these biological state transitions are coupled to changes in the mechanical and material properties of cells and tissues, termed mechanical state transitions. These mechanical states share features with physical states of matter, liquids and solids. Tissues can switch between mechanical states by changing behavioural dynamics or connectivity between cells. Conversely, these changes in tissue mechanical properties are known to control cell and tissue function, most importantly the ability of cells to move or tissues to deform. Thus, tissue mechanical state transitions are implicated in transmitting information across biological length and time scales, especially during processes of early development, wound healing and diseases such as cancer. This Review will focus on the biological basis of tissue-scale mechanical state transitions, how they emerge from molecular and cellular interactions, and their roles in organismal development, homeostasis, regeneration and disease.