Conservation Of Forest Resources Research Articles

Integration of national activities in international initiatives for the conservation of forest genetic resources

This paper presents the process of drafting the country report on the state of forest genetic resources of the Republic of Serbia. The report was drawn up for the needs of the Second Assessment on the State of the World?s Forest Genetic Resources of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN FAO).The paper presents an overview of the objectives, methodology, sustainability of results, and contribution of the country report to the forest and nature protection sector, as well as the integration of national policies into international initiatives for the conservation of forest genetic resources. The country report contains 32 recommended activities as future steps to improve the situation in the field of conservation of forest genetic resources and meet the needs for capacity building and further research. The recommended activities are grouped into opportunities. Each opportunity is defined as a response to the challenges of all aspects of the conservation of forest genetic resources. All recommendations are defined to suit forest owners and users, who can integrate the conservation of forest genetic resources into forest management.

LEGAL PROTECTION OF FORESTS IN WAR

The forest is an extremely important ecosystem that has a direct impact on other ecosystems and is linked to them. The stability of the whole industry depends on the proper legal protection of forests. The war in the country makes significant adjustments to the existence and functioning of the forest industry. Almost from the first days of the war there was a huge need for wood for the defense sector – the construction of fortifications, firewood for heating and cooking, which determines the relevance of the chosen topic. The aim of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the specifics of the legal protection of forests and forest resources in wartime. The article considers the main measures of forest protection in martial law, which are aimed at protecting forests from fires, illegal logging, damage, weakening and other harmful effects. It is established that forest protection measures related to martial law are a separate type of measures that are directly of an emergency nature and require special attention of forest workers, because the damage that has already been done to forests as an ecosystem is significant and requires immediate response. The role of the public in the protection and conservation of forests and forest resources was considered. Every citizen can use a smartphone to transmit data about forest fires or illegal logging in order to respond immediately to the relevant authorities, which is important in wartime. It is determined that forest protection is one of the priority areas of the forest industry, because in wartime the issues of the need to use wood for defense purposes of the state, industry and society are acute. In addition, forests are important part of realizing ecological functions and have a significant impact on other ecosystems, so proper legal protection will ensure a stable state of the environment and the successful development of the state's economy.

A review of the influence of climate change on coniferous forests in the Balkan peninsula

Evidence of climate change and global warming is becoming more visible; it is an ongoing process that is likely to become increasingly influential in the near future, not only at the global level but also at the local and regional levels. The fact that climate change affects the development of all forest communities and forest tree species, accordingly, has resulted in the increasing awareness in society towards this phenomenon. Having this in mind, the main aim of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between climate change and coniferous forests in the Balkan Peninsula, as well as to review the management strategies that may contribute to forest adaptation to climate change, with a special emphasis on the conservation of forest genetic resources. Hence, we have analyzed 202 papers regarding climate change and its effects on coniferous forests in the Balkan region, as well as papers dealing with adaptive forest management and forest genetic resources conservation. We concluded that climate change will likely represent one of the major challenges for coniferous forests on the Balkan peninsula in the future, imposing a need for the application of different management strategies to address these challenges and to facilitate adaptation of forests to the altered environmental conditions.

气候变化对新疆雪岭云杉潜在适宜分布及生态位分化的影响

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 气候变化对新疆雪岭云杉潜在适宜分布及生态位分化的影响 DOI: 10.5846/stxb202105111226 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目（2019D01C022）；国家自然科学基金项目（31760142） Effects of climate change on potential distribution and niche differentiation of Picea schrenkiana in Xinjiang Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:探究气候变化对天山森林植物潜在空间分布的影响及其模拟预测有助于揭示中尺度下植物分布格局对气候变化的适应对策和反馈机制，对促进干旱区山地森林生态系统的生物多样性保育和森林资源可持续管理有着重要的科学和实践意义。基于雪岭云杉的分布点数据和环境因子数据，利用最大熵（MaxEnt）模型、GIS工具及R软件估计其在基准气候（1970-2000年）及2050（2041-2060年）和2070（2061-2080年）时段基于RCPs气候情景下的潜在分布范围、空间格局变化及生态位分化。结果表明：（1）雪岭云杉在基准气候下的潜在分布与2019年秋季的NDVI植被覆盖变化基本保持一致，高适生分布区主要分布在东疆的哈密、巴里坤和伊吾，北疆主要分布在天山北坡、博格达山、北塔山和伊犁河谷，南疆主要分布在天山南坡。另外，在阿尔泰山南坡、塔城、裕民、托里、西昆仑山和小帕米尔山地也有分布。（2）限制雪岭云杉潜在分布的关键因子为降水（最干月降水量、最冷季降水量和降水季节性）和温度（最干季平均温度、年均温、等温性和气温年较差）、土壤剖面有效含水量、土壤碳密度及海拔，其累计贡献率之和达到87.28%。（3）2050和2070时段，雪岭云杉的适宜分布范围均呈不显著的增加趋势，但RCP6.0情景比RCP2.6较显著，分别扩增了3.33%和3.47%；低、中、高适生区均保持相对稳定的变化，从RCP2.6到RCP6.0情景下增幅分别在1.78%、1.26%和0.98%左右；适生分布区的重心总体上呈现出向高纬度、向东北迁移的趋势，但变化幅度不显著。（4） PCA分析表明雪岭云杉在南疆的气候生态位最广泛、北疆次之、东疆最窄，生态位分化检测表明北疆、南疆和东疆未发生明显分化。 Abstract:Exploring the impact of climate change on the potentially spatial distribution of forest plants in Tianshan Mountain and its simulation and prediction can help to reveal the adaptation strategies and feedback mechanisms of plant distribution patterns to climate change at the mesoscale. It has important scientific and practical significance for promoting biodiversity conservation and sustainable management of forest resources in Arid Mountainous Forest Ecosystem. Based on the data of distribution points of Picea schrenkiana and environmental factors data, the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model, GIS tools and R software were used to estimate the potential distribution range, spatial pattern changes and niche differentiation of P. schrenkiana under the reference climatic (1970-2000), Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) based climate scenarios in 2050 (2041-2060) and 2070 (2061-2080). The results showed that:(1) the potential distribution of P. schrenkiana in the reference climatic was basically consistent with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) vegetation cover change in autumn of 2019. The high suitability distribution areas are mainly distributed in Hami, Balikun and Yiwu in Eastern Xinjiang, the north slope of Tianshan Mountain, Bogda Mountain, Beita Mountain and Yili Valley in Northern Xinjiang, and the south slope of Tianshan Mountain in Southern Xinjiang. In addition, it was also distributed in the southern slope of Altay Mountain, Tacheng, Yumin, Tuoli, Western Kunlun Mountain and little Pamirs mountain. (2) The key factors limiting the potential distribution of P. schrenkiana were precipitation (Precipitation of driest month, Precipitation of coldest quarter and Precipitation seasonality), temperature (Mean temperature of driest quarter, Annual mean temperature, Isothermality and Annual temperature range), soil profile available water capacity, soil carbon density, and altitude. Their cumulative contribution rate reached 87.28%. (3) In 2050 and 2070 periods, the suitable distribution range of P. schrenkiana showed no significant increasing trend, but the RCP6.0 scenario was more significant than the RCP2.6, with an increase of 3.33% and 3.47%, respectively; The low, middle and high suitable areas maintained relatively stable changes, the growth rates from RCP2.6 to RCP6.0 scenarios are about 1.78%, 1.26%, and 0.98%, respectively; and the center of gravity of suitable distribution areas showed a trend towards higher latitude and northeastward, but the change amplitude was not significant. (4) PCA analysis showed that the climate niche of P. schrenkiana was the most extensive in Southern Xinjiang, followed by Northern Xinjiang, and the narrowest in Eastern Xinjiang. Niche differentiation test indicated that there was no significant differentiation in the Northern, Southern and Eastern Xinjiang. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Patterns and Challenges of Forest Resources Conservation in Cameroon

Patterns and Challenges of Forest Resources Conservation in Cameroon

Village Forest Management in Semendo FMU Region VIII from Institutional Performance Perspective

Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) is a forum on forest management activities that aim to improve community welfare. At present, the condition of the farming business is not effective, so it requires some rules as a measure of success. This study aims to analyze the institution of the Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) in the implementation of Village Forest Management. The research was conducted in Muara Danau Village, Semende Darat Laut Subdistrict, Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra Province, from March to April 2020. Data were analyzed by using the SSBP approach. The results of the study showed the situation of farmers utilizing forest resources in the form of water sources and non-timber forest products. Smallholders manage the forest based on institutional structure stated in the AD/ART, and administrative sanctions. In terms of planting patterns in the arable land, the structure controls farmer behavior by using an agroforestry system. This makes Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) obtain a good performance in the aspect of institutional management which is measured by the involvement of members and institutional administrators in group activities/training (91%) and the types of binding group rules in the form of written rules (AD/ART) as well as unwritten rules (84%) in managing areas measured based on the type of forest resource conservation activity (95%). However, managing businesses have not obtained optimal results, as measured by the absence of institutions that handle the marketing of forest products for groups (cooperatives). Based on the results of the research, the institution of Muara Danau Village Forest Management Institution (LPHD) is categorized as good.

Selection of Restoration Material for Abies koreana Based on Its Genetic Diversity on Mt. Hallasan

The restoration of damaged or disrupted forests with genetically appropriate restoration planting material that can adapt to future environmental conditions will ensure the conservation of forest genetic resources. Abies koreana is endemic to the Republic of Korea, with declining populations under current environmental changes. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of its largest population growing on Mt. Hallasan to determine the sampling size of planting material from the population that will ensure 95% coverage of alleles in the population. We evaluated the genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure of three subpopulations of A. koreana on Mt. Hallasan. A total of 456 samples were evaluated using 10 microsatellites. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were 0.538 and 0.614 at the population level, respectively. The differences among the subpopulations accounted for 4% of the total variance. Intervals between individuals of the sample to be extracted were based on the two-target distance (5 and 10 m) inferred from the spatial genetic structure. Through random sampling methods considering the target distance, we showed that genetic diversity can be captured by obtaining at least 35 individuals in the population of A. koreana on Mt. Hallasan.

Contribution of Customary Law in Sustainable Forest Management for Supporting Climate Action

In support of climate action, a paradigm shift in environmental management needs to occur by acknowledging the perspective of traditional communities and customary law to preserve the environment. Efforts to anticipate and mitigate the impacts of climate change are important in sustainable development. Sustainability of forest management is highly dependent on the participation of local communities which enforce customary law in forest management. Reducing and preventing deforestation can accelerate efforts in mitigation and improving resilience. This paper aims to describe the contribution of customary law as an approach to sustainable forest management for supporting climate action. The research method uses a qualitative approach with literature study and document study. This study shows that customary law has contributed in sustainable forest management approach for the protection by integrating aspects based on ecological and social characteristics in forest ecosystem. In addition, the existence of indigenous people in the context of forest resource conservation is one of the important factors in the practice of just and sustainable management of conservation areas. The contribution of this research is by serving as a reflection and evaluation of forest management practices in order to integrate customary law in regulation and the formation of public discourse regarding awareness of environmental protection.

Spatiotemporal Contribution of Participants in Patrolling Efforts from a Forest Station, Pu Hu Nature Reserve, Vietnam

Understanding the contributions of participants from management practices and those from the local community to protected areas (PAs) as nature reserves, is crucial for forest protection and resource conservation. Thus, empirical studies have usually investigated whether patrolling has significantly improved forest protection action. Many previous studies have exhaustively examined the contributions to forest protection by rangers or local persons, but there has been little research on the contribution of both sides to patrol efforts with separate consideration given to each. This paper explores insights into the patrol efforts in the Nam Tien forest station. The total number of patrollers, walking distances, and working days across years were significantly different between the ranger and local person patrol groups. There was a considerable variation in the number of patrollers (Z = 2.02; p < 0.01), distance (Z = 2.45; p < 0.01) and working days (Z = 2.37; p < 0.01) between rangers and local persons related to monthly patrolling. For the traditional patrols in the various PAs, it is shown that, for long-term forest protection, local persons patrolling should be considered more, in order to achieve the sustainable conservation.

Institutional Barriers to Sustainable Forest Management: Evidence from an Experimental Study in Tajikistan

Joint Forest Management (JFM) is a form of participatory forest governance that aims for protection, conservation and sustainable use of forest resources by involving local communities. The JFM reforms have been promoted to address forest and land degradation, as vital in reducing institutional uncertainty in complex environments and strengthening cooperation among resource users. We draw on theories of collective action and transaction costs assuming that the overharvesting problem can be reduced by efficient and effective rules that support cooperation between forest users in using common pool resources at the group level and explore how forest users respond to policies that aim to reduce overharvesting in Tajikistan. To this end, we used a framed field experiment involving actual forest resource users. We find a strong impact of rules and the associated transaction costs in dealing with environmental and institutional uncertainties. The experiment results indicate that the harvesting rate is likely to decrease when institutionalized mechanisms are introduced to coordinate the interdependence among resource users. The overall results suggest that the rule determining harvest on a rotational basis is effective in reducing harvesting under environmental uncertainty regardless of the existence of communication and under institutional uncertainty when communication is permitted.

Capacity building at community forestry level for synergistic implementation of NDCs’ adaptation and mitigation commitments

Conservation, restoration and management of forest resources are critical for addressing climate change. Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are a vehicle for targeted climate actions, including those related to forest management, by countries towards contributing global efforts agreed under the Paris Agreement. Operationalizing climate action stipulated in NDCs requires adequate preparedness and capacity, especially at the local level. This paper suggests a comprehensive framework of capacity building targeting at the community forestry level based on the findings of capacity needs assessments carried out in Nepal. The framework outlines a method to develop capacity among forest communities so they can carry out integrated assessments of the outcomes related to sustainable forest management, mitigation, adaptation and the quality of governance. Further, it outlines the capacity needed for integrated planning and implementation to consolidate the assessment process and make progress in an adaptive manner. By filling the capacity gaps at the community forestry level in a comprehensive manner, countries can narrow the existing divide between local-level climate actions and upper-level (national and international level) policy priorities, which is the major barrier for translating climate commitments into action.

Environmental cost of deforestation in Brazil’s Amazon Rainforest: Controlling biocapacity deficit and renewable wastes for conserving forest resources

The environmental cost of deforestation increases greenhouse gas emissions, which hinders achieving the global environmental sustainability agenda. The greater annual deforestation rate in Brazil's Amazon rainforest negatively impacted global climate change, which opened a call for conservation debates of the country's rainforest. The study evaluated some critical economic issues related to deforestation in Brazils' rainforest, covering more than four decades of data. The asymmetry arises in the forest rents and the nation's biocapacity deficit at the forefront of sustainability matters. The results show that positive and negative shocks of forest rents reduce carbon emissions in the short- and long run. On the other hand, the negative shocks of the nation's biocapacity deficit, fossil fuel combustion, and continued economic growth increase carbon emissions in the long run. The initial value of renewable waste increases carbon emissions in the short run; however, it decreases in the long run. The innovation accounting estimates suggest that fossil fuel combustion will exert a more significant change in carbon emissions, followed by the economic growth, forest rents, the nation's biocapacity deficit, and renewable waste for the next ten years' time period. The study concludes that the rate of ecological footprints surpassed the nation's biocapacity indicator, causing an increase in the total carbon emissions level. The policy derives that the country should have to minimize ecological footprints and fossil fuel combustions and raise forest rents that help reduce deforestation of Amazon's rainforest, which eventually absorb GHG emissions to tackle climate change issues.

IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF HIGH CONSERVATION VALUE FORESTS WITHIN POTENTIAL NATURA 2000 HABITATS: CASE STUDY VRANICA MOUNTAIN

UDK: 630*9:502.1(234.422 Vranica)
 Nature conservation and sustainable management of forest resources become more important in Bosnia and Herzegovina, driven by the accession process toward the European Union as well as other international processes directed toward responsible management of forest resources. The forest certification has been widely adopted in the forestry sector and it implies meeting the sustainable forest management standard, whereas identification and proper management of high conservation value forests are one of the basic requirements. The NATURA 2000 ecological network is to become an important driver of reforms in the field of nature protection and forestry sector, due to the designation of new sites in forest area, which are under the responsibility of forestry institutions. This paper illustrates the scientific understanding of identification and management processes related to high conservation value forests that were proposed within potential NATURA 2000 habitats. The paper is based on analysis of main guiding principles for site designation and the role of the cross-sectoral approach applied identification and management of sites with high conservation value attributes. The case study research design was selected focusing on the Vranica Mountain due to recent activities implemented in this site. The in-depth face-to-face interviewing was used to collect qualitative data containing the key stakeholders' attitudes regarding the harmonization of NATURA 2000 habitats with the high conservation value forests – (HCVF), as well as the involvement of stakeholders in the processes of cross-sectoral cooperation. Results of this paper can be useful for the key forest and nature protection policy-makers, as well as to those responsible for managing of protected areas, or other stakeholders directly or indirectly involved in the process of identification and management of HCVFs and NATURA 2000 sites. Harmonisation of guiding principles and cross-sectoral cooperation during the identification and management of HCVFs and NATURA 2000 forest habitats enables the proper implementation of conservation and management measures based on sustainable forest management activities.

Willingness to pay estimation of microhydro power plant user for hydrological ecosystem services in North Buton Wildlife Reserve Area

One of community empowerment programs implemented by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry is the construction of a Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHP) for communities around forest areas. One of the environmental services provided by forests is hydrological benefit in the form of water source to drive MHP turbines. The existence of the perceived benefit will trigger public awareness to participate in preserving forest functions. Rewards for benefits generated from forests can be manifested through efforts to conserve water resources jointly between the community and the party that manages the area. In this regard, this research is conducted to determine the willingness to pay of MHP users around the North Buton wildlife reserve to maintain the MHP unit and support forest resource conservation activities. This study employes the contingent valuation method (CVM) to calculate the willingness to pay value. The results show that MHP users are willing to pay IDR 2,611.- for each kWh of electric power. The willingness to pay is influenced by the amount of electricity consumption and the amount of income of the respondent. If it is calculated based on the volume of water used, the total willingness to pay for environmental water service is IDR 414.-per 1 liter per second.

Conservation of forest genetic resources through the example of native Quercus species from the “Košutnjak” park forest in Serbia

Given the importance of urban park forests and protected natural areas in the urban environment, the implementation of the concept of genetic conservation is one of the main ways to save and improve this category of natural resources. Forests such as Košutnjak can be considered a refuge for flora and fauna and by establishing conservation programs for certain species, the entire ecosystem would be better protected. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate a systematic approach to in situ conservation of forest genetic resources in urban areas through the example of four native oak species: pedunculate oak, sessile oak, Hungarian oak and downy oak in the protected natural area “Košutnjak” in the capital of Serbia – Belgrade, to develop replicable conservation guidelines for urban park forests. The methodological framework for the development of guidelines for genetic conservation, presented in this paper, is a replicable model whose basic principles can be applied in other cases of urban park forests.

Strategies in Forestry to Combat Global Climate Change

Populations with little genetic variation are more vulnerable to the arrival of new pests or diseases, pollution, changes of climate and habitat destruction or other catastrophic events. Biological diversity is the best tool to counter environmental changes and combat climate change in uncertain future. Spatial isolation, fragmentation, increased in-breeding, low fruit set in disturbed natural forests necessitates more population sizes to generate enough variability through mutation and recombination's. Planting a diverse array of species and seed sources is a hedge in the face of global climate change. The best plantation strategy is to maintain diversity, breed for generalists, and deploy intimate mixtures of seed sources or progeny-tested families. Flowering time and seed maturation in plants could be altered in the scenario of climate change; so, should be understood and taken care off. In the era of climate change, conservation of forest genetic resources and their management is necessary to maintain required biodiversity to combat climate change. Seed banking is also a tool in combating the loss of global plant diversity.

Institutionalising co-management activities for conservation of forest resources: Evidence from the Sundarban mangrove forest management of Bangladesh

Understanding local stakeholders' perceptions of co-management institutional activities serves a significant role in the proper functioning of the co-management institutions for the Sundarban mangrove forest conservation effort, but this currently remains unexplored. This study aimed to identify the current co-management institutions, co-management activities, and local people's understanding of these activities in the implementation of the co-management approach. The study was conducted in four villages in the Chandpai range of the Sundarban mangrove forest. Thematic content analysis was conducted on the qualitative data, which had been collected through key informant interviews at the local, regional and national levels, followed by focus group discussions in the study villages. The key forest co-management activities and practices identified were: forest protection and monitoring; meetings; local livelihood initiatives; and organisational supports. These co-management activities were implemented through institutions largely situated at the local level, through Village Conservation Forum, People's Forum and Community Patrol Group; higher-level institutions included the Co-management Committee, where local, district and national stakeholders were represented. Local people with forest dependency were participating in forest co-management activities and their awareness of forest conservation and social network had increased. In addition, people who had received training from government and non-government organisations reported benefits such as improved resource harvesting techniques, organisational skills and practical knowledge, which would be useful in times of natural disasters. However, local people also reported a range of issues affecting their full participation, which included top down decision-making, insignificant financial support, absence of alternate income sources, lack of meeting places for VCF members, gender inequality in participation, corruption and lack of skill-based training. A key governance issue for the local-level forest co-management institutions was limited access to the government organisations who oversaw policy and institutional control. In contrast, non-government organisations provided important institutional capacity-building support to local communities, and acted as a conduit to higher level committees. Broader impact could be achieved by fostering local participation, especially that of women, through genuine collaboration with other stakeholders, and extending the lessons learned from the study villages through exchange visits and sharing of ideas with other VCF villages in the area.

Proximate drivers of population inter-annual variation in seed output for a masting conifer species

Assessing the drivers of population inter-annual variation in reproductive output (CVp) is key for conservation and management of forest resources, as these drivers determine variation in seed crops which are closely related to seedling recruitment (i.e. forest regeneration) and understanding the mechanisms by which they affect reproductive output sheds light into population-level resilience to changing abiotic conditions. Proximate drivers of CVp include weather conditions which act as cues for reproduction and resource-driven lagged negative autocorrelations between past and current reproduction. Increased temporal variability in weather cues and strong negative autocorrelations are both expected to increase CVp, but very few studies have robustly tested these predictions at the intra-specific level using long-term, multi-population datasets. Based on a published dataset, we used approximately 2,000 yearly observations spanning 130 years (1886–2015) and 61 populations to test for effects of temporal variability in weather cues and lagged autocorrelations on CVp in seed output for a masting conifer species (Picea abies). We found that lagged (lag –1) summer (June–July) mean temperature was the best predictor of population-level annual seed output. Contrary to expectations, however, we observed a significant negative (not positive) effect of the standard deviation of lag –1 summer mean temperature on CVp. In addition, we found a non-linear, hump-shaped relationship between lag –1 reproductive autocorrelation and CVp, suggesting a qualitative change in the effects of resource constraints on reproductive variability whereby expected positive effects change to negative when the strength of negative autocorrelations exceeds a certain level. These patterns point at unexpected mechanisms whereby temporal variability in weather cues dampens variability in reproductive output, whereas the non-linear association with the lagged autocorrelations suggest thresholds associated with resource availability leading to qualitative changes in temporal patterns of reproduction.

Genetic Structure, Differentiation and Originality of Pinus sylvestris L. Populations in the East of the East European Plain

In order to carry out activities aimed at conservation and rational use of forest resources; it is necessary to study the main forest-forming plant species in detail. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae) is mainly found in the boreal forests of Eurasia and is not so often encountered in the east of the East European Plain. The aim of the study was to study the genetic diversity, structure and differentiation of Scots pine populations in the east of the East European Plain. We studied ten populations of P. sylvestris using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR)-based DNA polymorphism detection method. Natural populations are demonstrated by relatively high rates of genetic diversity (He = 0.167; ne = 1.279; I = 0.253). At the same time, there is a tendency for a decrease in the genetic diversity of the studied populations of P. sylvestris from west to east. Analysis of the genetic structure shows that the studied populations are highly differentiated (GST = 0.439), the intrapopulation component accounts for about 56% of the genetic diversity. Using various algorithms for determining the spatial genetic structure, it is found that the studied populations form two groups of populations in accordance with geographic location. With the help of a genetic originality coefficient, populations with specific and typical gene pools are identified. They are recommended as sources of genetic diversity and reserves for the conservation of genetic resources of the species.

Planning Approach for Rural Forest Resource Conservation and Sustainable Development with a Gender Perspective

Abstract