Concept Of Economic Development Research Articles

Farklı Enerji Kaynaklarının Çevresel Açıdan İktisadi Büyüme İle Olan İlişkisi

The concepts of environment and environmental sensitivity, which started to make themselves felt after the second half of the twentieth century, have had a significant impact on almost every discipline, especially since the beginning of the twenty-first century. With the increase in industrialization, the negative impact of both industrial facilities and final industrial products on the environment has opened the concepts of economics and economic development to discussion in this context. The transition from fossil energy sources to nuclear energy and the use of renewable energy sources in production, carbon emissions and economic growth have become a multidisciplinary field of study, which are closely related to each other. In this study, in which data from the period between 1982 and 2020 are used, the long-term relationship between the amount of carbon emissions, per capita gross domestic product, nuclear energy and renewable energy was subjected to panel cointegration test and a long-term significant relationship between carbon emission and economic growth was examined. a relationship has been identified. On the other hand, no significant relationship was found between nuclear and renewable energy production and carbon emissions.

Sistem Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Program Digitalisasi UMKM Desa Srimukti

Community empowerment is a concept of economic development that encapsulates community values ​​to build a new paradigm in development that is people-centered, participatory. Within this framework efforts to empower communities (empowering) can be studied from 3 (three) aspects: First, ENABLING, namely creating atmosphere that allows the potential of society to develop. Second, EMPOWERING, namely strengthening the potential of the community through concrete steps involving the provision of various inputs and opening up various opportunities that will make the community more empowered. Third, PROTECTING, namely protecting and defending the interests of the weak. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises or MSMEs are small-scale businesses that involve a limited number of employees and capital. Generally, they operate in various sectors, from trading to manufacturing. MSMEs have several strengths, one of which is the ability to quickly and flexibly respond to local needs. They often provide products or services that suit local preferences. The digitization of MSMEs is the change of conventional business transactions to online. The development of technology and information can be said to have influenced various aspects, including business. The UMKM Digitalization Program includes e-Farming by utilizing digital technology in agriculture to increase production capacity and cost efficiency. e-Commerce includes strengthening capacity in digital marketing and marketing MSMEs to global markets through digital platforms.

The Impact of Circular Economy on Economic Development A Review of EU's Countries

Abstract Over time, the concept of economic development has been the cause of debates in the research environment. Some of the researchers consider the level of economic development of a country to be characterized by high levels of the main macroeconomic aggregates, while another part supports the idea of uniform economic development with a high level of social inclusion. Regardless of the definition of the concept of economic development, it has been proven that a major positive impact is generated by the sustainable development strategy, especially in the light of the concept of circular economy. Therefore, the study addresses the level of economic development of the member states of the European Union based on the impact generated by the circular economy. In addition, based on the analysis carried out, the paper aims to identify the dependency ratio between the variables associated with the circular economy concept and the level of economic development. In order to achieve these goals, a panel regression model was estimated, for all member states of the European Union, on the time horizon 2011-2020. The model used as dependent variable “the level of economic development”, and the independent variables were made up of variables associated with the circular economy. The results of this analysis reveal that there are individual effects on both dimensions associated with the analysis (cross-sectional, time series), which leads to the idea that each country is influenced in the process of economic development through the circular economy by its own specificities.

Analysis of the Impact of Carbon Emission Control on Urban Economic Indicators based on the Concept of Green Economy under Sustainable Development

With the deepening of the concept of sustainable development, a green economy has become the primary goal of urban development. Therefore, to improve the sustainability and far-reaching development of the urban economy, this work first discusses the concept of sustainable development. Second, the concept of a “green economy” is discussed. Lastly, based on the concept of green economic development, this work studies carbon emissions in Hebei Province, China, and discusses the impact of carbon emissions on the urban economy. On this basis, the impact of carbon intensity and CO2 emissions on economic growth is analyzed by establishing an endogenous growth model and state-space model, thereby revealing the importance of carbon emissions to the economic development of Hebei Province. In the analysis process, sensitivity analysis and a robustness test are also used to verify the reliability and robustness of the model results. Finally, this work summarizes the research conclusions and puts forward relevant policy suggestions, which provide a reference for developing a green economy in Hebei Province. The results reveal that from 1999 to 2020, the average output elasticity of labor, capital, and CO2 in Hebei Province are 0.4002, 0.3057, and 0.2941, respectively. This shows that carbon emissions are essential to Hebei’s economic growth. In other words, Hebei’s economic development mainly depends on enterprises with high carbon emissions. Additionally, in the optimistic case, Hebei’s potential output growth rate will show a downward trend, but will soon rise. This indicates that even under strict carbon emission control, Hebei’s economic growth rate will still pick up based on the support of high-tech. This work not only provides a reference for the development of Hebei’s green economic system, but also contributes to the sustainable development of the urban economy in the future.

Women and Power in the Developing World

What do we know about women's negotiation of power in the Global South? The prevailing view tells us that women's power in the Global North is greater than in the South. Yet across analytic levels, the developing world provides striking models of the assertion of women's power that challenge established concepts of political and economic development. At the macro level of state development, research identifies how the subordination of women has been central to the creation and modern infrastructure of liberal democratic states or political orders. Data analysis here provides complementary evidence that the most effective alternatives to patriarchal political orders are originating in the developing world. At the meso level of policy-making processes, developing-world states are more likely than developed-world states to recognize and co-opt women's power. Finally, at the micro level, intrafamily negotiations of patriarchal power are most dynamic in the developing world, with the greatest promise to improve our understanding of the broader systems of power that drive states, policies, and welfare.

FEATURES OF THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF FORMATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES IN THE ENGINEERING SECTOR UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION

The purpose. The article examines the specifics of challenges and opportunities for the formation of intellectual capital of domestic enterprises of the machine-building sector of Ukraine in the conditions of digitalization. Industries are of key importance for the economy of Ukraine, indicators of its functioning are the main factor of the country's social and economic development. In particular, mechanical engineering is one of the basic branches of the Ukrainian economy and a strategically important branch that affects the development of the technological potential and competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy as a whole. The level of development of mechanical engineering is one of the main factors that allows to ensure the sustainable development of the Ukrainian economy, the development of the country as a whole depends on its level and dynamics of development. Therefore, the study of the current state of the machine-building industry, the efficiency of the machine-building enterprises, the identification of current problems will allow to determine the tools for the recovery and further sustainable development of the machine-building enterprises, as one of the key branches of the national economy. In the modern concept of economic development, it is intellectual capital that becomes a decisive factor in the growth of national wealth, competitiveness of the country, region, business entity, and quality of life. Despite the existing degree of study, today the issues of specific challenges and opportunities for the formation of intellectual capital are in dire need of continuing a deeper study and scientific justification, because this category is extremely dynamic. The analysis of digital transformations in the context of the formation of intellectual capital, trends of changes in the work of personnel management in the conditions of the digital economy is also given, an overview of the need for human resources in the conditions of the development of the digital economy is given. The rapid development of digital technologies and IT spheres lead to the automation of production processes, which determines the tendency for the disappearance of some professions. In the near future, many professions that are necessary now will lose their demand, the number of jobs will decrease, which threatens to increase unemployment if modern professionals do not have the skills necessary for work in the realities of the digital economy. This will significantly change the management of aggregate intellectual capital in the future, which determines the relevance of this article. The work analyzes publications and research on the formation and development of the main components of intellectual capital in the conditions of digitalization. On the basis of the research, conclusions are formulated about the need to apply mechanisms for effective management of the intellectual capital of machine-building enterprises in the future. Today, Ukraine is on the way to becoming an information society and the corresponding type of economic relations. Informatization of industry, the service sector, the entrepreneurial sector, science and education, and state institutions is a priority goal of the development of the economy of Ukraine. Information and knowledge are not only an effective catalyst for the transition to the sixth technological order, the basis of which is scientific research and development, but also its strategic resource. Informatization of scientific and research activity in the field of mechanical engineering is an important factor in the formation of modern information infrastructure of scientific and research organizations and the creation of a single information space, which is relevant in the conditions of the development of the information society, the network economy and the transition to the knowledge economy. The state of modern mechanical engineering was analyzed, the main trends and problems of the industrial complex in modern economic conditions were identified, and recommendations were made to solve them in order to ensure the sustainable development of mechanical engineering enterprises and increase the level of the economic potential of industry in general. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, economists and experts on the study of the intellectual capital of an industrial enterprise. In the process of researching the intellectual capital of the machine-building industry, conclusions and proposals were made under the prism of the specifics of the formation of its constituent elements in the era of the formation and development of the digital economy. The leading vector of the further development of the intellectual capital of enterprises in the conditions of the digital economy should be the issues of classification, measurement and transformation of knowledge capital, as well as the development of tools for transferring its elements into materialized and innovative assets of the enterprise.

THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC RISK IN ENSURING THE INNOVATION AND INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

The article proves that the concepts of economic development, sustainability and risk are categories that have a complex, multilevel and contradictory content. The paper finds that implementation of development strategies, especially innovation and investment strategies, is accompanied by increased risk, and both their success and reliability of efficiency assessments are possible only with the introduction of systems for managing innovation and investment potential with due regard for risk factors. It has been determined that there is a close relationship between the level of development of productive forces in society and the specific semantic content of the categories of "risk", "sustainability" and "development". Risk is an incentive for innovation, performing a constructive (innovative) function, acting as an engine of economic development of the innovation and investment potential of industrial enterprises. The publication considers the importance of the environment for the development of an enterprise in accordance with the synergistic approach. The most significant sources of development in the form of contradictions when considering an enterprise as a system are investigated, and their features are determined.

Sustainable development of the Arctic region: main theoretical aspects

Today, the Arctic is one of the most significant regions of the geopolitics of the world's leading states. The clash of their interests in the region creates the need to form the foundations for a theoretical understanding of sustainable development as the main ideological component of achieving effective economic growth in the Arctic. The object of research is the sustainable development of the Arctic region. The subject of the study is the theoretical basis of sustainable development in relation to the Arctic region. Special attention is paid to the study of supranational regulatory bodies of states in the Arctic and the legal basis for the use of these territories at the present stage, as well as the shortcomings of current approaches and proof of the need to develop principles of sustainable economic development in the region. The article analyzes modern approaches to sustainable development, characterizes the main interests of the main participants in the development of the region, and also puts forward proposals for the formation of principles of sustainable economic development in the Arctic, aimed at ensuring the economic growth of the region. The main conclusions of the study are: proof of the imperfection of modern regulation of sustainable development as an economic category, the abundance and overlap of the functionality of supranational organizations engaged in the sustainable development of Arctic territories and the need to develop new concepts of sustainable economic development of the region. The scientific novelty lies in the proof of the increase in the navigational importance of the region with climate change, as well as the economic potential of the region, which results in the activation of the political significance of the region for key world powers.

Chemical recycling of plastic waste as a mean to implement the circular economy model in the European Union

Contemporary concepts of economic development in the European Union (EU) progressively focus on environmental protection. At the stage of their implementation by the EU countries, some of the policies include sustainable development, green growth, green economy, and circular economy. The leading concept in this regard is the European Green Deal. It should be noted, that a multitude of means exists within EU countries, by which plastic waste is managed, with a significant share of countries largely landfilling it or placing it in waste storage facilities. The aim of this paper is to introduce a proposal meant to propel the prospects related to managing plastic waste through chemical recycling. This recommendation would contribute to the fulfillment of the circular economy model implemented by EU countries. By means of chemical recycling, it is possible to transform plastic waste into a full-value market product which can be used, for example, in the fuel industry, constituting an alternative to the agricultural products used (biocomponents). Thereby, it may result in the production of, for example, engine fuel components that can replace plant-based components or other added-value chemicals. The findings demonstrated on four levels: environmental, technical, economic, and managerial, confirm the technological possibilities of chemical recycling of plastics and the legitimacy of the implementation of the presented concept.

Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Melalui Program BJB Mesra dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat

The economic crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the continuity of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The financing programs offered by banks and the government have not been fully accessible to all business actors, so people are interested in applying for capital to loan sharks. Thus, bank bjb issued the BJB Mesra program in order to prevent people from being entrapment of loan sharks. This study aims to explain the BJB Mesra program in improving community welfare including planning, implementing and impacting the program. The research method used is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach because it produces data that can be observed empirically. Robert Chambers' Theory of Empowerment suggests that empowerment is a concept of economic development that summarizes social values. The results showed that the BJB Mesra program is a capital cost assistance to the community around the house of worship. This program is an initiation from the Governor of West Java in order to realize the West Java Champion of Inner Birth. The implementation of this program consists of submission, training and selection, administrative process, second training, analysis process, decision process, disbursement and assistance. The impact of this program can be felt directly by the community, especially in reducing poverty due to the entanglement of loan sharks.

Collaborative site selection study for cold chain distribution centers under low carbon policies

In order to solve the problem of cross-layout of cold chain logistics network and optimize the resource allocation of small and medium-sized cold chain logistics enterprises, based on the concept of low-carbon economic development and with the aim of minimizing the total cost, this paper constructs a cold chain distribution center location model including refrigeration cost and carbon emission cost from the microscopic perspective of enterprises, and selects two small and medium-sized cold chain logistics enterprises for simulation, and the simulation results show that the model can achieve the effect of saving operation cost, goods flow cost, carbon emission cost and refrigeration cost.

Tax incentives and environmental, social, and governance performance: empirical evidence from China.

The improvement of corporate ESG performance is of great significance to the high quality and sustainable development of the economy. Governments in various countries have introduced many tax incentives to motivate companies to actively fulfill their ESG responsibilities. However, no research has been conducted in academia to study the relationship between tax incentives and ESG performance. This study aims to fill the gap in this area and investigate whether tax incentives can effectively motivate the improvement of corporate ESG performance. Using a two-way fixed effects model, this paper empirically investigates the relationship between tax incentives and corporate ESG performance and the paths of action, using Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2020 as the research sample, and finds that (1) tax incentives significantly contribute to the enhancement of corporate ESG performance; (2) financing constraints play a partly mediating role in the relationship between tax incentives and corporate ESG performance; (3) a favorable business environment can enhance the promotional effect of tax incentives on corporate ESG performance; (4) the incentive effect of tax incentives on corporate ESG performance is more significant among state-owned enterprises, enterprises in the eastern region, larger enterprises, enterprises with more concentrated equity, and enterprises with better quality of internal control. The research in this paper enriches the research perspective on the factors influencing corporate ESG performance and provides strong empirical evidence to support the implementation and improvement of ESG-related tax incentives, helping the implementation of the concept of sustainable development and high-quality economic development.

PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DENGAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM KELAPA SAWIT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA

Community Empowerment is an economic development concept that encapsulates community values to build a new paradigm in development that is people-centered, participatory. In this context, efforts to empower the community (empowering) can be studied from three aspects, the first is enabling, namely creating an atmosphere that allows the community's potential to develop. Second, empowering, namely strengthening the potential of the community through concrete steps involving the provision of various opportunities that will make the community more empowered. Third, protecting, namely protecting and defending the interests of the weak. Economic empowerment is an effort to become a strong, large, modern and highly competitive economy. The method used in the literature review begins with selecting a topic, then determining keywords to search for journals using Indonesian through the database, namely Google Scholar. Based on several explanations put forward. The main goal of community empowerment is to improve people's welfare through their potential so that they are able to improve a better quality of life through self-help activities.

Revisiting the concept of Economic Development and the School of Thought of Developmentalism in Economics

RESUMO O presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisitar e sistematizar os conceitos de Desenvolvimento Econômico e o de Desenvolvimentismo. A hipótese levantada pela pesquisa é a de que em razão da processualidade histórico-social das Ciências Econômicas, os termos Desenvolvimento Econômico e Desenvolvimentismo podem ser categorizados de forma distinta por opção epistemológica e didática na atualidade. O artigo optou por realizar um estudo bibliográfico. Os procedimentos metodológicos para selecionar as referências foram pesquisa bibliográfica focada nos autores com análise histórica, concreta e indutiva da economia e do fenômeno de desenvolvimento econômico. Os resultados obtidos são de que os termos Desenvolvimento Econômico e Desenvolvimentismo podem ser categorizados de forma distinta, o primeiro como conceito empregado por diversas escolas do pensamento econômico; o segundo é uma Escola de Pensamento Econômico em si e que possui quatro correntes teóricas (Desenvolvimentismo Clássico, Social Desenvolvimentismo, Novo Desenvolvimentismo, Desenvolvimentismo Socialista de Mercado).

An analysis of economic and human development through Lassalle's view of the theory of real power factors

The object of the article is the analysis of economic growth and human development through the vision of Ferdinand Lassalle and the theory of real factors. Bibliographical research was used for this purpose, based on books and scientific articles and documentary research, whose fundamental basis was the Federal Constitution of 1988. Initially, we sought to understand the concept of growth and economic development and their differences. Later, the concept of human and social development was analyzed and, finally, the Theory of Real Power Factors was studied. In the final considerations, it was understood that, from the perspective of Lassalle's theory, the current economic and human development in Brazil is far from this reality and that the Federal Constitution cannot legally meet the needs of society in relation to the subject. . Thus, it ends up not finding the balance that a good law, the Royal Constitution, should bring, since it must have in its roots real factors of power that govern that country, otherwise its performance will remain negligible.

Assessing the Energy and Climate Sustainability of European Union Member States: An MCDM-Based Approach

Topics related to sustainable economic development are currently important issues in the modern world. However, the implementation of this concept and related operational strategies raises many controversies. On the one hand, it offers hope for ecological, safe, and independent economic development, while on the other hand, it raises public concerns about the costs of such changes. These problems are widely appreciated in the EU, which is the undoubted leader in implementing the concept of sustainable economic development. With regard to this issue, this paper presents the developed methodology for assessing the sustainable energy and climate development of the EU-27 countries. The basis of this assessment is 17 selected indicators characterizing the most important areas related to this development. Their selection was conditioned by the assumptions of the Europe 2020 Strategy and the goals (7 and 13) of the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development 2030. Five widely used methods for multi-criteria analysis supporting management processes (CODAS, EDAS, TOPSIS, VIKOR, and WASPAS) were used for the study. In order to carry out an unambiguous assessment and determine the final ranking of countries in terms of energy and climate sustainability, a methodology was developed to specify the normalized value of the Final Assessment Score (Asfinal). Based on it, the sustainability of individual EU-27 countries in 2010, 2015, and 2020 was assessed, and this assessment formed the basis for dividing these countries into four classes (levels) in terms of sustainability. The results confirmed the high differentiation of the EU-27 countries in terms of sustainability, indicating leaders as well as countries with low levels of sustainability. The countries with the highest and most stable levels of sustainable development of the economy are Sweden and Denmark. The results provide opportunities for their interpretation, both in terms of analyzing changes in individual indicators and in terms of the global assessment of sustainable development in individual countries. These results should be used when developing an energy and climate strategy for the next few years for the EU as a whole and for individual countries.

The public debt of Ukraine in the economic development policy in the war and post-war periods: Bibliometric analysis

Public debt can attract funds to finance public needs and stabilize the country’s economic development. This study aims to analyze the relationship between public debt and economic development considering the war actions in Ukraine. This paper uses bibliometric analysis, comprising in-built Scopus and WoS instruments, VosViewer, and Google Trends tools. The overall results show the close relationship between public debt, economic development, and war (armed conflict) concepts. The publications were examined according to key features: containing the keywords from the green and red clusters; covering the period 2015–2018 and 2022; and discussing public debt in Central and South-Eastern Europe. This improved the theoretical and methodological approach to the bibliometric analysis of public debt. Moreover, the study identified risks (based on selected scientific publications) to which the primary attention should be paid during the war and post-war periods in Ukraine: currency and demographic risks. Key recommendations were provided to ensure debt security during the war and post-war periods. However, the given recommendations should be implemented within the framework of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine, which would improve the credit rating and reliability of the state.

Early warning of enterprise financial risk based on improved BP neural network model in low-carbon economy

The concept of low-carbon economic development has led to changes in the business environment and financial environment of enterprises, leading to increased financial risks faced by enterprises. How to help enterprises better warn, prevent and control financial risks from the perspective of low-carbon economy has become a hot issue worth studying. Based on this, this paper is based on the perspective of low carbon economy, on the basis of analyzing the financing risk, investment risk, capital operation risk and growth risk faced by enterprises under the requirements of low carbon economy development. A set of financial risk management framework with clear hierarchy and strict vertical logic has been constructed. Ten financial early-warning indicators are constructed from four aspects. The risk prediction model of the indicator system is established using the research method of BPNN (Back Propagation Neural Network). The model is trained and simulated through the MATLAB neural network toolbox. After 10 indicators passed Bartlett’s correlation test, the BPNN financial early warning model was programmed using MATLAB software. The accuracy rate was 84.3%. The neural network training results show that when the layer node is 8, the best correct recognition rate can be obtained. Incorporate “low carbon” into the financial risk early warning indicator system that meets the requirements of low carbon economic development in the design of enterprise financial risk early warning indicators. This paper is expected to provide reference and reference for low-carbon economy enterprises to deal with financial risks under the new situation.

From statistics to development: the Historical School of Economics and the International Statistical Institute

ABSTRACT When the International Statistical Institute (ISI) was founded in London in 1885, it assembled statisticians and demographers, as well as engineers and even entrepreneurs. Most of all, however, it brought together economists, which quickly made the ISI the most important international forum for the discipline. Based on intensive study of official ISI publications as well as the correspondence and writings of its members, the article first describes the foundation of the ISI from the perspective of the growing discipline of economics, and with a particular eye on followers of the younger German Historical School of Economics. Focusing on labour statistics, it then delves into one field of activity of this group of Institute members more thoroughly in order to reflect their contribution to the concept of economic development, whose origins are usually located in the context of ninetenth-century colonialism. Ultimately, the article makes the case for attributing to the International Statistical Institute its due place and significance in the intellectual history of development thinking.

АНАЛИЗ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ ИМПОРТА НЕОЛИБЕРАЛИЗМА ДЛЯ ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ

Topic. The civilizational security of Russia in the context of an increasing threat from imported ideas, institutions and scientific and practical patterns of neoliberal political economy. Target. To characterize the negative consequences of neoliberal forms for the modern domestic society and its economy, as well as to identify the mechanism and forms of influence of monetary and market political economic simulacra on the civilizational security of our country. Methods. Qualitative analysis was used to concretize interpretations of the essence and characteristics of key concepts, as well as an interdisciplinary and structural-contour approach to identifying the socio-cultural and socio-economic consequences of implanting neoliberal forms on the Russian political economic “ground”. The creative potential of cause-and-effect relationships and relationships is applied in the process of studying the mechanism of influence of political economic simulacra on civilizational security. Results. The essence of civilizational security, as well as other key concepts related to its provision, is determined. The failures of neoliberalism as a source of political economic and socio-cultural simulacra are revealed, while justifying the need for dialectical “removal” rather than mechanical denial of its provisions. The general mechanism of the influence of imported neoliberal political economic simulacra on civilizational security is shown. A model of contour analysis of socio-cultural and political economic consequences of neoliberalism for our country is proposed. The necessity of import substitution of neoliberal political economic simulacra for the domestic concept of the same name, relevant to the requirements of ensuring civilizational security, is proved. Conclusions. To ensure the civilizational security of Russia, it is necessary to develop a political economic model based on domestic socio-cultural and socio-economic traditions, as well as using acceptable forms of the current neoliberal and other concepts of economic development. The criterion for the effectiveness of such political economic import substitution is the successful integration of our country into the new world economic order while ensuring a decent life for households.