Concept Of Sustainable Forest Management Research Articles

Forest Management in Ukraine Under War Conditions

Attention is drawn to scientifically based theoretical and practical approaches to the implementation of the concept of sustainable forest management and, accordingly, to ensuring the principles of sustainable forestry aimed at the adequate protection, use, and regeneration of forest resources in Ukraine during Russia's war against Ukraine. The main socio-economic and ecological aspects that influence the implementation of the concept of sustainable forest management at the national and regional level in the current conditions of Russia's military aggression against Ukraine are considered. The changes in the forest sector in the conditions of war are reflected, which must be considered from the point of view of understanding the principles of sustainable development, sustainable forestry, and the concept of sustainable forest management. It is proposed to develop and implement a theoretical, methodological, and practical approach to the implementation of the concept of sustainable forest management in Ukraine which would take into account the regional differences regarding the organisation and development of forestry in Ukraine.

Implementation of the eco-tourism destination concept in community forest use: Case study at the tourism object of Gunung Dago, Parung Panjang, Bogor

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the ecotourism concept in forest utilization in the Mount Dago Tourism Area, Parung Panjang. The ecotourism concept is a sustainable approach to natural resource management that integrates nature conservation efforts, local economic development, and active participation of local communities. By implementing an ecotourism approach in forest utilization, it is hoped that balanced social, economic, and environmental benefits can be achieved. The method for conducting research uses a qualitative study approach. Collecting data sources were collected through participatory observation, interviews with various relevant stakeholders, and analysis of forest management and tourism documents. The research sample consisted of forest managers, local community members, tourism entrepreneurs, and visitors involved in this study. The results of this research provide an understanding of implementing the ecotourism concept in forest use in the Mount Dago Natural Tourism Area. These findings can be used as a basis for developing and piloting other natural tourism destinations to apply the concept of sustainable forest management with an ecotourism approach. This research also provides insight to relevant stakeholders, including forest managers, local communities, and tourism entrepreneurs, about the benefits of tourist destinations implementing the eco-tourism concept.

Is the concept of sustainable forest management still fit for purpose?

The concept of sustainable forest management was developed in the 1990s and puts ecological, economic and socio-economic ecosystem functions on the same level. However, society is now making new and complex, not necessarily mutually compatible, demands on forests, for instance in the fields of climate change, renewable energy and biodiversity conservation. Policy instruments that address these societal demands and translate them into legally binding regulations have far-reaching consequences for forest management and put pressure on the traditional, non-legally binding framework for international forest policy. Faced with these radical changes, we conclude there is a need for an in-depth review of the concept of sustainable forest management.

OBRAZOVANJE, ISTRAŽIVANJE I ODRŽIVO UPRAVLJANJE ŠUMSKIM RESURSIMA KAO FAKTOR ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI / EDUCATION, RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

The sustainable forest management concept contains the essence of the sustainable development paradigm - meeting the current needs of society without compromising the needs of future generations. The strategic commitment of the Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo is aimed at quality education of forestry experts, conducting innovative research and the most intensive cooperation with the economy. The methodological approach in this paper is based on a critical analysis of the scope of the educational-research process at the Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo, and the potentials of sustainable forest management in BiH, to determine to what extent higher education and research on environmental, sociological and economic aspects of forest management can affect positive changes in BiH society. Apart from identifying the benefits of forest ecosystems in the context of contributing to sustainable development, the research on the attitudes of teaching staff related to the contribution of the educational-research process to general goals of sustainable development from the 2030 Agenda was conducted. The results of this paper show that the concept of sustainable forest management, as it is realized in educational-research process at the Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo, has significant potential to contribute to sustainable development in BiH. This contribution is reflected in biodiversity conservation, mitigation of climate change, carbon storage, prevention of natural disasters, impact on the stability of water and soil, energy supply from renewable sources, continuous economic growth, socially responsible production and consumption, job security, development of rural and urban areas as well as maintaining and improving the psychophysical health of the population. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that sustainable forest management, grounded on scientific postulates, understanding of diversity of forest ecosystem services and dynamics in society's requirements towards forests, multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral cooperation, can be an important factor of sustainable development in BiH.

Pan-European Criteria for Sustainable Forest Management - Attitudes of Forestry Professionals in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Climate change is recognized as a global threat that negatively impacts biodiversity and forest resources. The use of existing indicators for sustainable forest management (SFM) related to biodiversity and climate change, as well as the development of new indicators, will help assess how forest management practices impact biodiversity enhancement and climate change mitigation. A Pan-European set of criteria and indicators has been developed as a policy instrument for monitoring, evaluating, and reporting on the progress in implementing SFM. In Bosnia and Herzegovina and Western Balkans in general, the Pan-European set of criteria and indicators is an insufficiently researched topic and there is a lack of scientific research conducted regarding their development and implementation. Through the analysis of the current situation in forestry of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), regarding the compliance and importance of the Pan-European criteria for SFM, this paper aims to explain how the international process of development and application of the Pan-European criteria for SFM can contribute to the improvement of the situation in forestry and the creation of a consistent forest policy in FBiH. The survey among forestry professionals (n=360), from the public forest administration and public forest companies in FBiH, included the sets of questions related to socio-demographic characteristics, assessment of compliance and importance of six criteria of SFM. Research results revealed that forestry professionals are mainly males, on average 41 years old, with 13 years of working experience. The majority of forestry professionals in FBiH are not familiar with Pan-European criteria for SFM, and have a low level of their understanding. On average, forestry professionals indicated that the Pan-European criteria for SFM were of high importance, while compliance with current forest management activities were rated lower on average. The large differences between responses regarding the average rating of compliance and importance of the Pan-European criteria for SFM indicate their low level of implementation in FBiH forest management activities. Accordingly, the results indicate that there is a need to organize educational lifelong learning programs in FBiH forestry sector, involving forestry professionals and other interested parties, to generate knowledge related to the Pan-European criteria for SFM and the concept of SFM in general.

Sustainable forest management in SE “Srbijashume” status and potential, through the example of the good prask of “Stara Planina” nature park

This paper aims to present the potentials, condition of forests, basic business principles and development strategy of SE ?Srbijasume?, which is primarily in the function of sustainable forest management. Applied forest management systems will be evaluated based on measurable parameters: time, area, wood volume, volume increment. The concept of sustainable forest management in PE ?Srbijasume? is planned and implemented in protected natural resources as well. The paper analyzes the Nature Park (NP) ?Stara planina?, which was chosen based on two facts: that it is part of the ecologically significant area ?Stara planina? of the ecological network of the Republic of Serbia and that according to the IUCN it belongs to the 5. category of protected areas. The sustainability of forest management in NP ?Stara planina? was analyzed on the forested areas owned by the state, which are managed by SE ?Srbijasume? in relation to the functions of forests, purpose of space, time, area, wood volume and volume increment. The paper recommends long-term goals of sustainable forest management that can serve as models for other protected areas in Serbia.

Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development in Forest Management

The research examined the principles of the concept of sustainable forest management in order to create highly productive, cost-effective forest systems, preserve biological diversity and useful functions of forest systems, fulfill the socio-ecological, and economic requirements for the use of natural resources. The analysis of the state of forest systems management revealed the lack of a coherent forest policy, a sharp decline in the quality of management at this stage of development. It is necessary to implement the principles of sustainable forest management applying the scientific and technological achievements in the industry. It has been proved that the primary condition for moving towards the sustainable development of forestry is forest inventory, forest management based on scientific and technical solutions, ground and aerospace monitoring of forest and forest resources, and use of digital technologies. For this, it is necessary to control the management of the forest industry at all levels including final results. The study assessed the implementation of the concept of sustainable development of forestry in Russia as a whole and in the Irkutsk region.

Management of Sacred Groves and Customary Practices in Pursuit of Sustainable Forest Management

The goal of this investigation was to identify the customary practices on sacred groves and how they can help in achieving sustainable forest management in Ghana. The study examines forest management, deforestation, and sustainable forest management concepts. A case study of Boabeng Fiema Monkey Sanctuary and Malshegu Sacred Groves was explored. Interviews with community members were executed. Also, some secondary data on these two sacred groves were equally examined. The study found that taboos and other cultural beliefs were used to protect the sacred grooves with little government support. The study recommends that the state should make laws through the environmental protection agency and the forestry commission to support the cultural practices to achieve sustainable forest management.

Forest conservation by the indigenous Baduy community in the form of customary law

Purpose The Baduy tribe has its own uniqueness and values regarding the forest; it manages the forest using customary law to keep it sustainable. This research aims to describe the position of customary law used by the Baduy tribe to conserve forest areas.Design/methodology/approach This research is a qualitative research conducted in September 2019 and 2020 at Baduy. The data were collected through a literature study and in-depth interviews with informants related to the Baduy tribe. The collected data included documentation and interview transcripts that were translated into English. Data analysis was conducted in a descriptive manner, equipped with related evidence.Findings The Baduy community holds firm to its customs and culture called pikukuh. The Baduy community applies the concept of sustainable forest management in that local communities are directly involved in forest management activities to improve welfare and implement sustainable forests.Practical implications The implication of this research is that it is beneficial for forest conservation based on customary law, using the conservation approach of the Baduy tribe as a local community in protecting the sustainability of forest resources and their sustainability for the next generation. This study contributes as a guide for the government to formulate policies that will include local communities into conservation programs and government policies. It may apply to a study of coordination with related institutions such as the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in implementing forest conservation.Originality/value This study uses primary data from the Baduy tribe, which has unique local traditional values regarding the territory and the important role of the forest. The originality of the findings from the excavation of each activity was based on the procedures and beliefs regulated in customary law regarding forest management. Preservation of traditional knowledge in customary law has contributed to the urgency of sustainable forest conservation and biodiversity conservation, which is part of the traditional knowledge of the Baduy tribe.

Utility of the Forest Data Bank for forest management – polish case study and legal analysis

ABSTRACT This article aimed to determine whether the use of the “Forest Data Bank” information system can allow for fast, and easy access to data necessary for forest management and how it can be used for forest management purposes. In this study, we present what constitutes the term “forest management” as well as what activities are included in forest management. We propose that forest management should be seen as an inseparable part of the concept of sustainable forest management, i.e. the pursuit of maintaining and strengthening economic, social and environmental values of all types of forests. Forest management is also linked to the Sustainable Development Goals, which also aim to ensure the protection and restoration of terrestrial and inland ecosystems, including forests. Using Quantitative research with comparative method, descriptive research approach and also the abductive research approach, the elements of forest management in which the Forest Data Bank can be used taking Poland as an example was analysed. The integration of cadastral data would facilitate the use of this database. And finally – what is most important – Forest Data Bank, due to its database structure can be used with other land administration databases.

High Genetic Diversity of Shorea acuminata Dyer in the Rehabilitated Area of a Degraded Lowland Dipterocarp Tropical Rainforest

The United Nation’s Decade on Ecosystem Restoration 2021–2030 aims to halt ecosystem degradation to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. In Malaysia, the concept of sustainable forest management (SFM) has been practiced since 1901. In this study, we evaluated the genetic diversity of the native dipterocarp timber tree Shorea acuminata in a rehabilitated area at Kenaboi Forest Reserve (Kenaboi FR). The rehabilitated area was formerly a degraded forest managed with the taungya restoration system for 50 years. All trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm and over were measured, tagged and identified in a one-hectare study plot. A total of 132 inner bark samples were collected for DNA extraction. Four SSR markers (Sle280, Sle392, Sle475 and Sle566) and two EST-SSR markers (SleE07 and SleE16) were used to analyse 95 good-quality DNA samples. Genetic diversity parameters including maternal contribution were determined for 75 samples. The genetic diversity of big trees (He = 0.656 ± 0.19) and small trees (He = 0.652 ± 0.17) were high and both were in genetic equilibrium, with Fis values of the big trees being 0.035 and small trees being 0.164. Clustering analysis based on Jaccard’s similarity values (at 95% confidence level) confirmed that big trees in the Kenaboi FR rehabilitated area had originated from genetically diverse seed trees of the Sungai Menyala Forest Reserve which were used as the planting stock for the taungya restoration system. Maternal contribution showed that the allele contribution of the small trees came from the planted S. acuminata trees within the study area. The high genetic diversity of small trees in this study provides strong evidence that the existing big trees would be suitable for a genetically diverse seed collection to rehabilitate other degraded forests. Sustainable forest management must emphasise genetic diversity in order to ensure the resilience of rehabilitated forest ecosystems.

Assessment of Forest Certification as a Tool to Support Forest Ecosystem Services

Certification provides a way to demonstrate the positive impacts of sustainable forest management (SFM) on ecosystem services. Ecosystem services provide society with a wide range of benefits, from clean water and carbon sequestration to the production of wood and non-wood products. This study evaluates forest owners’ and managers’ perceptions of forest certification as a tool to support SFM and forest ecosystem services in Slovakia. The questionnaire survey focused on the understanding of the concept of SFM, the objectives of forest certification schemes, and especially on the examination of the perceptions of 288 PEFC- and FSC-certified forest owners and managers on how forest certification helps to support individual ecosystem services. Among the important factors influencing the level of understanding of forest certification and its role in ensuring forest ecosystem services is the size of the managed forest area and the implemented certification scheme. The results of this study indicate that forest certification is positively perceived as a supporting tool for ecosystem services, and certified forest owners are sufficiently aware of the objectives of SFM. Regardless of the size of the managed forest area and the type of the implemented certification scheme, forest certification is mainly perceived as a tool which improves the company image and represents a commitment to environmental responsibility while promoting SFM. Certified companies managing large forest areas see the role of certification as being more significant in ensuring selected ecosystem services, in particular, the provision of woody biomass and water. However, in general, forest certification is mainly perceived as a supporting tool for the ecosystem services related to the control of erosion, soil formation, and natural composition, as well as the function of species and ecosystem diversity, followed by the provision of aesthetic, scientific, and educational values.

PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN (HKm) TANDUNG BILLA DI KELURAHAN BATTANG KOTA PALOPO

In an effort to realize the concept of sustainable forest management, it is necessary to involve the community around the forest as the main actors who often interact with the forest. In this case, the concept in question is the concept of community participation. This study aims to determine the participation of forest communities in the existence of community forests. This research was conducted in Battang Village, West Wara District, Palopo City, South Sulawesi Province. Data was obtained directly through surveys and direct field observations, data collected through the observation method and semi-structured interviews were processed and clarified according to the research objectives and then analyzed using qualitative data analysis. The results obtained by community participation in community forestry are the lack of community participation which initially numbered 137 people, only 35 people left who were active due to contradictory plans and conditions in the field that triggered problems in the group.

Sustainability Assessment of Alternative Strip Clear Cutting Operations for Wood Chip Production in Renaturalization Management of Pine Stands

In Mediterranean regions, afforested areas were planted to ensure the permanence of land cover, and to protect against erosion and to initiate the vegetation processes. For those purposes, pine species were mainly used; however, many of these stands, without silvicultural treatments for over fifty-sixty years, were in a poor state from physical and biological perspective, and therefore, clear-cutting on strips was conducted as silvicultural operation with the aim to eliminate 50% of the pine trees and to favor the affirmation of indigenous broadleaves seedlings. At the same time, the high and increasing demand of the forest based sector for wood biomass related to energy production, needs to be supplied. In a modern and multifunctional forestry, in which society is asking for sustainable forestry and naturalistic forest management, forestry operations should ideally be carried out in a sustainable manner, thus support the concept of sustainable forest management. All these aspects are also related to the innovation in forestry sector for an effective energetic sustainability. Three different forest wood chains were applied in pine plantations, all differing in the extraction system (animal, forestry-fitted farm tractor with winch, and double drum cable yarder). The method of the sustainability impact assessment was used in order to assess potential impacts of these alternative management options, and a set of 12 indicators covering economic, environmental, and social dimensions was analyzed. Further, to support decision makers in taking informed decisions, multi-criteria decision analysis was conducted. Decision makers gave weight towards the indicators natural tree regeneration and soil biological quality to support the achievement of the forest management goal. Results showed that first ranked alternative was case 2, in which extraction was conducted by a tractor with a winch. The main reason for that lies in the fact that this alternative had best performance for 80% of the analyzed criteria.

Storia Scienza Sapere: le tre S della conoscenza in campo forestale

The awareness that the forest is a “complex biological system” requires a reinterpretation of the Forest-Man relationship together with the relationship between Nature and Culture. It should be remembered that environmental education is a process of social and cultural growth that inevitably involves the policies and economic processes connected to forest management. In this regard it is necessary to identify the three cornerstones of forestry culture: History, Science, Knowledge. An important role in this process is that of Forestry Congresses, where it is possible to verify the evolution of forestry thought and outline cognitive, scientific and innovative syntheses projected towards the future and for the full implementation of the concept of sustainable forest management.

Frame Analysis of ENGO Conceptualization of Sustainable Forest Management: Environmental Justice and Neoliberalism at the Core of Sustainability

Normative judgments on sustainability underpin concepts that shape the supply scenarios of timber consumption. The modern understanding of sustainable forest management is shaped by a diverse spectrum of social demands, going beyond the principle of sustainable yield management. Rival stakeholders compete to incorporate their ideas and interpretations of sustainable forest management into policy institutions. Environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) have emerged as one of the dominant stakeholders in the forest-based sector. We set out to explore ENGO-specific conceptualizations of sustainable forest management and investigate differences in understanding among various ENGOs. By conducting a frame analysis of ENGO press releases, we identified two master frames: environmental justice and environmentalist frames. A difference in the emphasis placed on procedural and distributive justice as well as a different standpoint in the commons versus commodity debate emerged as the main divergences between the master frames. The results of our study demonstrate how the differences between the master frames underpin different conceptualizations of sustainable forest management. On the one hand, the ENGOs associated with the environmental justice master frame advocate for the broader implementation of community forest management based on power-sharing. On the other hand, the ENGOs associated with the environmentalist master frame promote a wide range of approaches associated with ecosystem management and social forestry paradigms. Moreover, the ENGOs associated with the environmentalist master frame challenge the concept of sustainable forest management as defined by the Helsinki and Montreal process by advocating for ecosystem management. The ENGOs associated with the environmental justice master frame reject the mainstream concept of sustainable forest management in any guise. Future research on ethical issues underlying forestry concepts may provide more conceptual and operational clarity for both forest managers and policy-makers.

Quality management and certification in sustainable forest management (SFM): The case study of Russia

Sustainable Forest Management is a main part of the Global Sustainable Management. The main instruments for the implementation of the concept of Sustainable Forest Management are Forest Certification and Forest Quality Management. In the article authors investigated the essence, content and principles of Sustainable Forest Management as a key element of the formation and implementation of the Sustainable Development of the Society and its adaptation in the case study of post-communist countries like Russia. Also specific of Forest Certification and Forest Quality Management in Russia was investigated. The obtained result laid the foundation for the review and systematization of the interests of key players in the domestic forest industry, the prerequisites and limitations for the implementation of the Sustainable Forest Management Concept. For this purpose, the authors carried out situational analysis, interviewing, content analysis of media texts. In the article are analyzed 7 top-forestry Russian enterprises and also Russian timber industry complex generally. Based on the results of the study, the interests and priorities of the parties participating in the development of the national concept of sustainable forest management have been identified and systematized. This allowed us to identify incentives and prerequisites, problems and limitations, as well as prospects and directions for the development of forest certification in the territory of the Russian Federation. Based on the research results, it is concluded that Quality Management and Forest Certification are considered by all stakeholder groups as a key tool for ensuring Sustainable Forest Management by the case study of Russia.

IUFRO ANNIVERSARY CONGRESS: RESULTS AND PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF FORESTRY SCIENCE

IUFRO's 125th Anniversary Congress was held in Freiburg, Germany, 18-22 September 2017. This event highlighted the framework of cooperation development in the field of forestry science. This paper stresses the importance of forest-related scientific research as the basis for sustainable development of forests worldwide. These studies play an irreplaceable role in deepening the understanding a wide variety of environmental, economic and social issues pertaining to forests. Therefore, developing cooperation among forestry researchers is of high societal value. In order to accomplish long-term sustainable development goals, forest researchers must also incorporate knowledge concerning biological, economic and social conditions within forests. In addition, the history of the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) development was overviewed. The trends of forestry and the ways researchers' international cooperation increases the efficiency of studies was analyzed. Attention was paid to issues of IUFRO cooperation in the field of research and scientific knowledge dissemination among policy-makers, environmental and economic decision-makers. The features of IUFRO activity aimed at forest policy formulation and implementation in accordance with the requirements of the concept of sustainable forest management are revealed. Attention was focused on the problems that led to the creation of IUFRO, as well as its wide-ranging (organizational, publishing, educational, etc.) activities. IUFRO activities have achieved significant results in deepening understanding of forest ecosystem functioning, fulfilling of a wide range of functions including the provision of ecosystem services, preventing numerous destructive threats, showing the essence of multipurpose forestry and the methods of sustainable non-exhaustive forest management. Although new challenges have emerged as a result of societal transformations, the dramatic changes in the forestry sector have also led to interdisciplinary research cooperation development and new technologies implementation, especially in the field of communication. This paper discusses main themes, outcomes, achievements, new frontiers for forestry science and the take-home message of the IUFRO 125th Anniversary Congress. The paper also summarizes the outcomes of Ukrainian researchers'participation at this Congress: representative institutions, themes of presentations, co-organized session discussions etc. The themes, results, achievements, new frontiers and prospects for of forestry science development are analyzed. The results of Ukrainian scientists'participation in the work of the 125th Anniversary IUFRO Congress are summarized.

Sustainable Forest Management and Social-Ecological Systems: An Institutional Analysis of Caatinga, Brazil

Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) has globally gained support as a strategy to use and manage forest resources while maintaining forest ecosystem services. However, type, relevance, and utilisation of forest ecosystem services vary across eco-regions, countries, and policy implementation pathways. As such, the concept of SFM is subject to a series of translations within the social-ecological context in which it is implemented. This article discusses translations of SFM in Caatinga biome—a tropical dry forest in the north-eastern semi-arid region of Brazil. Our analysis is based on a qualitative analysis of 24 semi-structured interviews and 30 documents. We discuss SFM and the interplay of resources, governance, and actors. Results for Caatinga show that (1) a technical approach to SFM that focuses on firewood and charcoal production is dominant; that (2) SFM implementation practices hardly address the needs and interests of local populations; and that (3) local actors show little support for the implementation of SFM. We conclude that the social-ecological context of Caatinga shapes translations of SFM mostly in a techno-bureaucratic rather than a socially embedded way. As a result, local practices of forest use are excluded from the regional SFM approach, which negatively affects its implementation.

Implementation of sustainable forest management: an application of the triple perspective typology of stakeholder theory in a case study in Sabah, Malaysia

The progress of the concept of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) is dynamic and its success or failure during implementation can be evaluated in different ways. In a detailed survey in four Forest Management Units (FMUs) in Sabah, the current implementation of SFM at the FMU level was assessed based on the triple perspective typology of stakeholder theory. This approach encompasses conceptual, corporate and stakeholder centric point of view. The conceptual perspective explores the SFM concept and how it relates to the FMU holder – stakeholder interaction at the FMU level, the corporate perspective examined how the FMU holders put the concept into practise and address their stakeholders, while the stakeholder perspective analyses how the stakeholders attempt to accomplish their claims and interests through the corporate-centric (FMU holders) at the management level. The stakeholder analysis provides the platform for stakeholder identification, categorisation and their general perception and behaviour towards the overall performance of SFM objectives. The Stakeholder Relation Management (SRM) that integrates the FMU holders and stakeholder participation under the SFM concept were also identified. Different FMU holders are engaged with distinct objectives to be achieved, which determine their direct relationship with the stakeholders. The stakeholders were attributed to static and dynamic groups, which are determined by their existence, claims and interests, and involvement in various SFM programs and activities at the FMU level. They provided distinguished preference and agreement toward various issues and characteristics related to SFM objectives, implementation and stakeholder participation at the management level. Most of the respondents of the multi-interest stakeholder group agreed with SFM main contributions towards the elements of environmental objectives, followed by economic objectives and elements of social objectives. The approach for SFM assessment based on the different lenses of conceptual, corporate and stakeholder centric provides complementary evidence on the pragmatic implementation of SFM at the forest management level.