Concept Of Policy Research Articles

Migration Crime in the Context of National Security (Regional Aspect)

The article points that illegal migration, which leads to the existence of a significant segment of the shadow economy, distorts the domestic labor market, and also forms a breeding ground for corruption in many regions of the country as a whole, the Irkutsk region in particular, can be attributed to the number of criminogenic risks that have a negative impact on ensuring the national interests of the state. In the near future, not only conservation is predicted in this region, but also an increase in the flow of illegal migration, which may have negative consequences. It is noted that the given data of official statistics reflect not the actual, but only the recorded level of migration crime, characterized by latency. The purpose of the study is a criminological analysis of migration crime based on official criminal statistics, the criminological aspects of the current state of this phenomenon are revealed. The research methods are private scientific (special) - the method of expert assessments, statistical research methods. The empirical basis was made up of statistical data on registered crimes committed by foreign citizens on the territory of the Russian Federation for the periods 2016–2022, Data from the Office of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation for 2016–2022, as well as the results of published criminological studies conducted by other authors. The study showed that the effectiveness of measures taken to migration in general and illegal migration in particular depends on the coordinated work of all departments dealing with migration issues. It is concluded that it is necessary to work out the Concept of the state migration policy of the Russian Federation for 2019–2025," especially in terms of "embedding" migrants into the multicultural space of the country in a legislative form in order to preserve the demographic balance on the one hand, on the other hand, assistance the Russian economy needs a national workforce.

Local rulemaking as a legal basis for the implementation of the policy of sustainable development of the enterprise

The article is devoted to the definition of the concept of the sustainable development policy of the enterprise and the research of the directions of legal support for the implementation of the sustainable development policy at the enterprise using local economic and legal rulemaking.
 On September 25, 2015, the UN General Assembly adopted the development agenda for the period after 2015: «Transforming our world: Agenda for sustainable development until 2030», which formulated 17 sustainable development goals designed to stimulate activities in economic, social and ecological spheres of life. At the national level, the desire to implement the goals of sustainable development is enshrined in the Decree of the President of Ukraine «On the Goals of Sustainable Development of Ukraine for the Period Until 2030» dated September 30, 2019.
 Due to destabilizing factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic and a large-scale military invasion by an aggressor country, the urgency of implementing the Sustainable Development Goals has increased. To effectively overcome the negative impact of the above factors, it is advisable to implement the goals of sustainable development not only at the macroeconomic level, but also at the microeconomic level.
 It is considered that the implementation of the goals of sustainable development at the level of a separate economic entity should be carried out using local economic and legal regulation. To ensure the effectiveness of the process of implementing the goals of sustainable development, it can be implemented on the basis of an integrated enterprise policy.
 It was concluded that the policy of sustainable development of the enterprise is a set of measures aimed at the legal support of the development of the enterprise in the economic, ecological, and social spheres of its life activity and contribute to the sustainable development of the enterprise and the achievement of the main goal of its activity.
 Taking into account the complexity underlying the idea of creating an enterprise’s sustainable development policy, it can be formalized in the form of a system of local acts - the main «Sustainable Development Policy Strategy» and its derivatives. The main local act can be approved by the higher management body of the business entity. Derivative local acts can be approved at a lower level - this will contribute to the formation of a legal model that will have: a rigid core, which will contain a strategy for implementing the goals of sustainable development of the enterprise; moving branches that will regulate the rapid tactical steps of the implementation of the specified process and will be promptly adjusted if necessary.

Migrant integration in Turkey: Travels of a concept across borders and domains of knowledge production

Abstract In Turkey, the concept of migrant integration has risen to prominence in both academic and policy fields following the arrival of Syrian refugees. In this article, we first trace the resurgence of migrant integration studies in Western Europe in the past two decades following the decline of the discourse on multiculturalism. We argue that the policy concept of migrant integration has travelled to Turkey as part of the European Union’s (EU) externalization of migration management; however, the term has been reshaped in Turkey through a process of vernacularization as displayed in official documents, programs, and projects funded by the EU and other supranational actors, and policy studies. Although the vernacularized form of integration, named ‘harmonization’, has gained specific connotations in the Turkish context, this article demonstrates that it still carries assimilationist features, since it cannot go beyond the limits of the nation-state as the fundamental unit of analysis, and cannot escape from the binary opposition of native citizens and migrants. The article elucidates how knowledge production by governmental institutions, supranational and international organizations, researchers, and the civil society helps legitimate a certain understanding of integration of migrants into the host society that assumes each group to be homogeneous in terms of socio-economic characteristics and culture, and which emphasizes Islam as a common denominator between the two.

European Integration: Everything New Is Actually Well-Forgotten Old

Introduction: the paper examines the history of the formation and competence of regional economic integration associations after the Second World War. The analysis of the integration processes that took place in the context of the current state of the world economy is given. The question of the viability of those models of integration associations that are still being used by the representatives of the West in opposition to the model proposed by Russia is raised. The purpose of the presented research is to analyze the state of the European system of economic integration with a comparative analysis of models of integration associations and to establish the characteristics and trends of development of such models, as well as to determine the role and place of Russia in integration associations. Methods: the paper was prepared with using the methods of scientific cognition, mainly the method of system analysis, comparative law and historical methods. Results: the most effective and rational strategy for cooperation within the framework of economic integration is to promote the role and effectiveness of existing integration associations (SCO, EAEU, BRICS and others), to attract states to participate in them, which the Russian Federation adheres to in accordance with the provisions of the current Foreign Policy Concept. Conclusions: regional economic integration is a multifaceted phenomenon that can strengthen the geopolitical importance and economy of only individual participants of the association, assist in establishing effective interaction between small and medium-sized (in terms of assessing economic power) states with larger integration entities and, in the case of Russia, contribute to the restoration and development of production, as well as the creation of their own Eurasian TNCs based on existing experience and resource base.

БЮДЖЕТНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА ГОСУДАРСТВА: ПОНЯТИЕ, ФУНКЦИИ, ЦЕЛИ, ПРИНЦИПЫ

This article discusses the theoretical foundations of the state's budget policy. The concept of budget policy, its economic essence, and functions are presented. The goals and principles of the state's budget policy are also being considered.

Transformation of the Legal Personality of Participants in Public Legal Relations (on the Example of Executive Authorities)

Such a category as “publicity” implies, first of all, the openness of a certain space of interaction between certain agents, and in this regard, the content of the concept of public policy is determined through free communication between its agents. In Part 3 of Article 132 of the Basic Law, the category “unified system of public power in the Russian Federation” is legally fixed. Public authorities and local self-government bodies are included in this system. At the same time, it is not always possible to orient oneself correctly in the field of the legal personality of the body. Executive authorities carry out two basic functions: an administrative function, within which the powers to execute laws and administrative and administrative powers (including discretionary) are exercised, and a governmental (political) function. Analysis and synthesis, generalization, analogy and modeling. The methods allowed us to build a system of arguments, on the basis of which we came to scientifically sound conclusions and results. The article reflects the legal personality and characteristic features of executive authorities. On the basis of legal personality, competence is formed, which represents a set of legally established ways of performing public functions and is an artificially constructed concept by scientists to characterize the subject of law, consisting of three structural elements: legal capacity, capability and delictability.

Thematic Diversity of Regional News on the TASS News Feed

The article is devoted to the problem of thematic diversity of news content from the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on the agenda setting theory and its special direction “media diversity”, the author explores approaches to its measurement and operationalizes this concept in the context of the TASS regional editorial policy. The presented results of the content analysis allowed to draw conclusions about topics dominated the agency’s agenda for 10 years. Thematic priorities of news from various federal districts have been identified. Quantitative assessments examine the dynamics of the thematic spectrum, both for the country as a whole and at the level of macroregions. The conclusions are drawn that the concept of the agency's regional editorial policy, focused on the maximum variety of content and the disclosure of the information potential of the regions, is not fully implemented in practice, which, in particular, is expressed in an excess of news about emergency and criminal incidents. Nevertheless, the editors were able to introduce into routine practice active information support for topics chosen by the Russian government as strategic, which indicates the flexibility of the agency’s agenda and the potential for greater diversity. In interpreting the data, the author also relies on his own experience as a correspondent and editor of a news agency.

Criminal Law Formulation Policy to Prevent Corporate Crimes Conducting Mining in Forest Areas without Permission

Corporations carrying out mining activities in forest areas are still widespread, the existing laws and regulations currently in force are still not enough to prevent corporate crimes in the criminal sector without a business permit from the central government, which causes the risk of environmental damage and social disadvantage for the community, which means In the absence of harmonious law enforcement in the field, there is a need for a concept to provide legal certainty regarding the burden of criminal liability for violations by corporations carrying out mining activities without a permit through policy formulation to provide certainty. The purpose of this writing is to know, understand, analyze, describe and discover the concept of criminal law formulation policies in preventing corporate crimes that carry out mining activities in forest areas without ministerial permission. The results of this writing, through the Connectivity Legal Theory, will be believed to provide a breath of fresh air in law enforcement within the police in order to ensnare corporations that carry out covert and organized business activities. This will provide certainty in the basic guidelines. It differs in that the interpretation method is still ambiguous from various points of view and is still difficult to apply without basic references in countries that adhere to the continental European legal system. The idea of law enforcement in realizing an Article which still contains ambiguities but is based on other rules can be used as a reference to strengthen the position of the Article with the following provisions: a. Still relevant in law in the same environment; b. Still in the same hierarchy of laws and regulations; c. Connected regulations provide clarity on legal issues in legislative formulation; d. Bag-connected rules provide clarity in criminal liability

ჩინეთ-აშშ-ის ურთიერთობების თავისებურებები

The interaction between China and the US is examined since the current head of the Chinese state – Xi Jinping – came to power. The separate characteristics of the China policies adopted by the Obama, Trump and Biden administrations are examined. China's position and main concepts of foreign policy are discussed as well. The main factors of disagreements between China and the US are discussed. The geopolitical rivalry in the Indo-Pacific region and the Taiwan issue are defined as the two main reasons for the escalation of relations. The dangers of the conflict between China and the US and the necessary factors to reduce the tension are examined.

Investment policy in the context of economic stabilization: concept and implementation directions

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the concept and directions of investment policy implementation in the context of economic stabilization. A refined definition of the concept of state investment policy is proposed. The trends in the development of foreign investment in Ukraine are substantiated and, based on this, directions for improving the investment policy are proposed: ensuring investment security by implementing production accumulations and capital investments at a level that ensures the necessary rates of expanded reproduction, restructuring and technological rearmament of the economy; ensuring proper financing of the scientific and technical sphere; improvement of the legal framework for the regulation of the financial sector of the economy, including improvement of the protection of investors' rights; implementation of the policy of active state protection of national capital positions; identification of priority areas of the economy for investment and providing them with benefits; development of a mechanism for the protection of investors' rights at the state level; promotion of the development of science, scientific-technical and innovative activities; ¾ creation of technoparks with the latest technologies; ensuring active participation in international investment projects, etc. Prospects for further research in this direction are the study of foreign experience in regulating investment activities and attracting foreign investments to the national economy.

Problems of defining the concept and nature of virtual assets as an object of legal regulation in economic activity in Ukraine

The article reveals the problem of defining the concept and nature of virtual assets through the prism of their legal regulation at the national and international levels. The factors determining the use of virtual assets in economic activity around the world and, accordingly, the relevance of the chosen topic of scientific research are determined: informatization of all areas of social life, technological boom, emergence of new information and communication technologies, which can significantly optimize business processes, globalization processes in the international economy, etc. Attention is focused on the lack of a unified approach to defining the concept and legal nature of a virtual asset and the presence of various approaches to solving this issue in national and foreign science of law: identification of virtual assets with the category of virtual currency; definition of a virtual asset through the concept of "information” or "data”; distinguishing the categories "virtual currency” and "virtual assets” as a part and a whole, etc.
 A conclusion was made about the importance of using the classification of virtual assets according to the criterion of their functional purpose for the formation of the mechanism of their differentiated legal regulation. Attention is also focused on the lack of a single legal approach to determining the essence of virtual assets in the Ukrainian legal system. There were analyzed relevant provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Virtual Assets”, the draft Concept of State Policy in the Field of Virtual Assets, drafts of the Law "On the Circulation of Cryptocurrencies in Ukraine” No. 7183 dated 06.10.2017, the Law "On Stimulating the Market of Cryptocurrencies and Their Derivatives in Ukraine” No. 7183 dated 10.10.2017 and the Law "On Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine (regarding stimulation of the market of cryptocurrencies and their derivatives in Ukraine)” No. 7246 dated 30.10.2017 in the article. Attention is also focused on the need to harmonize the provisions of the Civil Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine "On Virtual Assets” in terms of defining a virtual asset as an object of civil rights. As the conclusions of the conducted scientific research, the author identified the conceptual problems of defining the essence and nature of virtual assets as an object of legal regulation and proposed specific ways to solve some of them, namely: specification of the legal definition of virtual assets in the Law of Ukraine No. 2074-IX; consolidation of the legal definition of the nature of the virtual asset; legislative consolidation of activity in the field of virtual assets and virtual currencies in the Classifier of types of economic activity, etc.

Resocialization of convicts as a strategic goal of the criminal-executive system through the prism of determining the criminal-executive policy

The article presents the author's vision of the problem of resocialization of convicts as a strategic goal for the criminal-executive system, determined by the state's criminal-executive policy. In the course of the research, controversial issues of interpretation of such definitions as: "policy", "anti­criminal policy”, "criminal enforcement policy", "resocialization of convicts" were considered.
 In the process of research, attention is focused on the specifics of the doctrinal definition of a multifaceted social phenomenon - politics, which made it possible to formulate the author's view on the concept of anti-criminal policy. The author proposes to consider it as a practice of subjects authorized by the people of the country to develop the state's general line regarding the impact on crime, which covers the definition of the main concept (strategy) of the directions and means of its implementation, the allocation of the necessary resources for this, and the implementation of control and supervision over its implementation in life
 Based on the given generic concept and modern doctrinal positions, the author formulates an understanding of criminal enforcement policy as a separate type of anti-criminal policy, which is manifested in the activities of authorized subjects to determine strategic goals, principles of operation, tasks for the system of execution and serving of punishments, means their achievement, as well as control and supervision of the process of implementing such plans.
 In the future, taking into account the results of the above analysis of legislative norms regulating the distribution of powers of state bodies in the field of internal policy formation, the author specified the criminal enforcement policy as the activity of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine to define strategic goals, principles of operation, tasks for the system of execution and serving of punishments, means for their achievement, as well as the implementation of parliamentary control over the process of implementing such plans.
 The review of the normative essence of the resocialization of convicts through the prism of the given definition of criminal enforcement policy made it possible to reveal its role as a strategic target guide for the punitive mechanism of the state. Further consideration of the legal concept of resocialization of convicts, enshrined in the Criminal Enforcement Law, revealed the fact that its content is presented ambiguously, as well as in general such that it cannot be defined by signs. Based on the results of the research, the author makes a statement about the potential impossibility of the criminal-executive system, no matter what conditions it creates for the correction of convicts, to achieve its strategic goal - the resocialization of persons serving a sentence.

Idea(s) of Dutch Neutrality in the American Debate on Neutral Rights (1793–1807)

ABSTRACT Since the latter part of the seventeenth century trade and war had become increasingly entangled due to the bellicose commercial rivalry of European colonial powers, who emulated one another in a system dominated by ‘jealousies of trade'. European economic thinkers therefore felt increasingly compelled to search for means to uncouple trade and war. Propositions for potential solutions to cure these commercial conflicts are to be found throughout the eighteenth century. The strengthening of neutral rights, especially, was regarded as offering a possible remedy. Leading up to the War of American Independence, a debate began in the Dutch Republic on how neutrality could be advantageously defined to promote commerce without becoming involved in wars of ‘entangling alliances'. The actors in this debate would produce arguments that were later adopted by members of George Washington’s cabinet. Alexander Hamilton was the advocate of ‘strict' neutrality, while Thomas Jefferson was in favour of ‘active’ neutrality. These two concepts of Dutch foreign policy are examined in this research article with special attention given to their influence on the direction of American foreign policy from 1793 to 1807.

Early Drinking Onset and Subsequent Alcohol Use in Late Adolescence: a Longitudinal Study of Drinking Patterns

PurposeThe age of drinking onset is a central concept for both policy and prevention of alcohol-related harm, yet evidence on the predictive value of the age of onset is lacking. This study compares alcohol outcomes of adolescents who started to drink early with those who started later, and tests if associations are moderated by other explanatory factors. MethodsData from a two-wave longitudinal prospective cohort survey with a Swedish nationwide sample of 4,018 adolescents aged 15/16 years at baseline (T1) and 17/18 years at follow-up (T2) were used. Outcome variables at T2 were Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)–C, risky drinking, and binge drinking monthly or more often. A vast number of explanatory factors at T1 were controlled for. ResultsEarly drinking onset predicted later higher AUDIT-C scores (β = 0.57, p value < .001), and higher probability of risky drinking (odds ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval = 1.56–2.44), and binge drinking (odds ratio = 1.38, confidence interval = 1.06–1.81), controlled for other explanatory factors. If binge drinking frequency at T1 was included, the associations remained for AUDIT-C and risky drinking, but not for binge drinking at T2. No significant interactions between early drinking onset and the explanatory factors were found. DiscussionEarly drinking onset predicts subsequent higher alcohol consumption in late adolescence. Adolescents who had an early drinking onset drank more after 2 years than their peers who started later. The age of drinking onset is an independent predictor of alcohol use outcomes, beyond the effect of age of binge drinking onset.

Foreign Policy as Compensation: Why Brexit Became a Foreign and Security Policy Issue

Abstract Exogenous reform demands can put leaders in a tight spot where change runs up against structural impediments. Yet, where asymmetries in reform costs occur across domains, leaders can seek to re-frame the impetus of change from one domain to another. Such compensatory behavior is commonplace but is not adequately captured by existing research on linkage politics, forum shopping, or diversionary conflict. This article develops the concept of compensatory foreign policy, whereby leaders use foreign policy change to compensate for unviable economic reforms when they have greater capacity and choice in the former domain. Empirically, we use elite interviews to reconstruct the politics of security policy in the post-Brexit United Kingdom, showing how party leaders focused on foreign policy change when beneficial economic arrangements were precluded. Our argument contributes to recent research on linkage politics by demonstrating the conditions under which leaders seek foreign policy reforms to compensate for economic weakness.

Multicultural-Based Public Policy: The Experience of Indonesia in Managing Diversity for National Resilience

The management of societal diversity through multicultural-based public policies is an interesting issue that is developing in the democratic system of the Indonesian nation today. This research aims to analyze multicultural-based public policy in three elements such as managing diversity, democratic politics, and national identity in strengthening Indonesia's national resilience. Through a study of the intertextuality of documents on multicultural issues, this research analyzes library data related to the policy concepts, regulations, and responses of society to the practice of multicultural policies in the public sector. The findings of this research describe several multicultural policies that are difficult to implement in the democratic political system of Indonesia. It often deals with identity politics based on religion. To strengthen national identity, the Indonesian government applies two essential philosophies in all aspects of national life, namely Pancasila and Bhineka Tunggal Ika. Both contain strong multicultural values as the historical heritage of the Indonesian society which are continuously maintained through the policy of establishing the Pancasila Ideology Development Agency (BPIP). Multicultural-based public policies have strengthened national identity, nationalism attitude, social integration of society that supports the resilience of the Indonesian nation for unity in its diversity to date

Conventional Fiscal Policy System and Islamic Economics in The Indonesian Economy

The economic crisis and political turmoil in the 1990s did not guarantee the strength of Indonesia's economic situation, therefore political and fiscal decentralization was initiated and Law No. 25 was passed in 1999. This research aims to understand conventional fiscal policy and Islamic economics in the Indonesian economy. This research method uses literature study through secondary data collection. The results of this research show that conventional fiscal policy has a stability function that aims to, among other things, maintain high employment opportunities, relatively stable price levels, and economic growth rates. This function shows the similarity of the functions and benefits of zakat, jizyah, khums, and kharaj in Islamic economic fiscal policy. If zakat, jizyah, khums, and kharaj are instruments of fiscal policy, the redistribution of income and wealth will take place, then the problem of poverty and economic growth can be reduced and will have a good impact on economic and political stability. According to experts, the concept of contractionary fiscal policy is reducing government spending so that the money supply can be reduced through income redistribution. This is in line with the aim of fiscal policy instruments in Islamic economics to improve the living standards of the poor by redistributing the income of the rich to the poor.

Reclaiming misandry from misogynistic rhetoric

In recent years, misogyny has become a central concept in philosophy as well as an established concept in public discourse and political policy. But where is misogyny’s supposed counterpart, namely, misandry? In this article, I argue for an ameliorative analysis of ‘misandry’, arguing that it can be reformulated in an effort to reclaim it from misogynistic weaponisation. The term ‘misandry’ is used almost exclusively as a misogynistic rhetorical device for attributing unjust anger, hatred or other similar emotions to a speaker, thereby undermining their epistemic authority. Rather than dismissing the term as conceptually flawed and politically problematic, I argue that we ought to ameliorate misandry to instead refer to a felt anger, hostility or fear towards the patriarchal social order and its valorisation and/or expression in misogynistic and machismo behaviour. To support these claims, I begin with a discussion of Kate Manne’s analysis of misogyny before reflecting on how this can inform our understanding of misandry. I then demonstrate the various ways in which misandry is rhetorically deployed as a means of silencing speakers who express dissent against the patriarchy. Following this, I argue that we should ameliorate the term, not only to undermine these misogynistic practices but also to articulate a legitimate affective and reactive attitude against the patriarchal imposition of a hierarchical gender binary.

Актуальные вопросы интеллектуальной миграции в Российской Федерации: административно-правовой аспект

The article considers the intellectual migration: its composition, factors influencing its flow, and the problems of administrative and legal regulation within the Russian state migration policy. The author asserts that intellectual migration consists both of (a) educational emigration and immigration, and (b) emigration and immigration of scientific and pedagogical workers, so, this requires developing of a systematic approach to the state regulation, adjusting the concept of Russian state migration policy, providing administrative and legal support for its implementation. It is proposed to form a system of intellectual migration legal regimes covering educational migration and migration of scientific and pedagogical workers, since administrative and legal regulation of these flows is possible only within the framework of codification of Russian migration legislation.

The influence of civil society institutions on the fiscal policy of the state

This article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of civil society institutions on fiscal policy in the Russian Federation. The paper examines the structure of civil society in Russia, examines the place and role of its various institutions (primarily the institute of public control) in the system of legal guarantees for the implementation and protection of both the system of constitutional principles and the system of human and civil rights and freedoms, the rights and legitimate interests of public associations, as well as other non–governmental non-profit organizations. The article analyzes the essence and content of the fiscal policy of the state, its place and role in the state policy of the Russian Federation. The paper examines the main factors influencing the formation and development of the fiscal policy of the Russian state. This article uses a number of scientific research methods: formal-logical; historical-legal; comparative-legal; statistical; sociological; method of analyzing specific legal situations. The authors analyzed various approaches to defining the concepts of civil society and fiscal policy of the state, developed and justified the author's definitions of these concepts. The paper substantiates the role of civil society in the system of factors determining the directions of development of the fiscal policy of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the main directions of the impact of various civil society institutions on the formation and development of the fiscal policy of the Russian Federation. The paper formalizes and explores the main problems that hinder the optimization of the processes of influence of civil society institutions on the processes of formation and development of the fiscal policy of the Russian state. The authors have developed and substantiated a system of measures to resolve these problems aimed both at the development of Russian civil society as a whole and at optimizing fiscal policy in the Russian Federation.