Graphic Industry Research Articles

DESCRIPTION OF WASTE PRINT AL-QUR’AN

The Graphics Industry is an industry that designs, develops, makes, and introduces products that contain or are related to sentences and or images to realize information, ideas and feelings. The product is used for the purposes of learning, entertainment, motivating, commercial, and so on. The graphics industry in Indonesia continues to experience improvement by continuing to make improvements both in producing quality graphic products with the times without reducing the essence of the graphics itself, namely the media for delivering printed information to be presented to the public and in processing waste. The graphics production process is divided into three stages, namely preprint, print and post print. PT. Gramedia Printing Cikarang Plant, as one of the major graphics companies in Indonesia, feels the need to create a working line and system, including providing special services that are separate from other print production flows so that the product prints are perfect, namely printing services for the Al-Qur'an manuscripts. . In the flow of the printing of the Al-Qur'an manuscripts, the treatment is not arbitrary, even up to the handling of the waste. Writing this final project aims to determine whether the application of waste processing resulting from the printing of the Al-Quran is in accordance with Islamic principles and rules of occupational safety and health.Keywords—Waste, Occupational Safety and health, Printing of Al-qur’an

Recent Advances in High-Throughput Nanomaterial Manufacturing for Hybrid Flexible Bioelectronics.

Hybrid flexible bioelectronic systems refer to integrated soft biosensing platforms with tremendous clinical impact. In this new paradigm, electrical systems can stretch and deform with the skin while previously hidden physiological signals can be continuously recorded. However, hybrid flexible bioelectronics will not receive wide clinical adoption until these systems can be manufactured at industrial scales cost-effectively. Therefore, new manufacturing approaches must be discovered and studied under the same innovative spirit that led to the adoption of novel materials and soft structures. Recent works have taken mature manufacturing approaches from the graphics industry, such as gravure, flexography, screen, and inkjet printing, and applied them to fully printed bioelectronics. These applications require the cohesive study of many disparate parts. For instance, nanomaterials with optimal properties for each specific application must be dispersed in printable inks with rheology suited to each printing method. This review summarizes recent advances in printing technologies, key nanomaterials, and applications of the manufactured hybrid bioelectronics. We also discuss the existing challenges of the available nanomanufacturing methods and the areas that need immediate technological improvements.

GPU accelerated voxel-based machining simulation

The simulation of subtractive manufacturing processes has a long history in engineering. Corresponding predictions are utilized for planning, validation and optimization, e.g., of CNC-machining processes. With the up-rise of flexible robotic machining and the advancements of computational and algorithmic capability, the simulation of the coupled machine-process behaviour for complex machining processes and large workpieces is within reach. These simulations require fast material removal predictions and analysis with high spatial resolution for multi-axis operations. Within this contribution, we propose to leverage voxel-based concepts introduced in the computer graphics industry to accelerate material removal simulations. Corresponding schemes are well suited for massive parallelization. By leveraging the computational power offered by modern graphics hardware, the computational performance of high spatial accuracy volumetric voxel-based algorithms is further improved. They now allow for very fast and accurate volume removal simulation and analysis of machining processes. Within this paper, a detailed description of the data structures and algorithms is provided along a detailed benchmark for common machining operations.

Evaluación de los riesgos químicos por inhalación de las sustancias utilizadas en una industria gráfica

En el proceso productivo de una industria gráfica, se utilizan insumos y materias primas para la impresión de documentos. Un insumo son los productos químicos que podrían generar un riesgo químico, si no se controlan de forma adecuada mediante protocolos de uso, almacenamiento y disposición de desechos. Algunas sustancias químicas utilizadas son: tintas, disolventes, diluyentes, pegamentos, gomas protectoras, reveladores de plancha, entre otros. El riesgo químico por inhalación (RQI) es generado en los lugares de trabajo por el uso de sustancias con cantidades de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (VOCs), que podrían afectar negativamente la salud de los trabajadores, una evaluación de RQI podría contribuir a identificar y evaluar las sustancias químicas y generar medidas para la disminución en el impacto a la salud. Estas evaluaciones involucran medir factores como: la cantidad utilizada de una sustancia química, la exposición que tiene una persona con el contaminante en el medio y la toxicidad del producto químico. En el presente proyecto de investigación se realizó una identificación, valorización y priorización del nivel de riesgo químico por inhalación (NRQI) generados en una industria litográfica tipo “offset” en Costa Rica. La identificación de los riesgos y peligros se efectuó utilizando herramientas como: revisión bibliográfica, lista de chequeo, entrevistas e inspecciones de campo. La valorización y priorización de los NRQI se llevó a cabo mediante la metodología francés del Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Seguridad (INRS). Del total de los 15 productos químicos utilizados por la industria, se obtuvo que el 53,3 % presentan un RQI muy elevado. Los productos que presentan el mayor valor de NRQI son: el thinner y el limpiador de rodillos, los cuales se utilizan para la limpieza de las máquinas con residuos de tinta, con una frecuencia de uso continua en cantidades entre los 0,7 L/mes y los 20,0 L/mes. Por el contrario, se identificaron cinco productos con valores bajos de NRQI, tales como: la tinta en cartucho, el refrigerante, el limpiador 4, el isopropanol y la goma protectora de planchas.

Poster art in Barcelona and Valencia from the late 19th century to 1939

In the late 19th century, the cities of Barcelona and Valencia became important hubs of poster art thanks to specialised graphic industries and a large number of artists who explored their advertising capacity with extraordinarily quality, always cognizant of the latest developments. In both cities, the modern poster had commercial uses, institutional and political use. The vast number of posters produced during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) is particularly noteworthy.

Physics-based modeling of a light booth to improve color accuracy of 3D rendering

Computer Aided Design (CAD) is increasingly used as a tool in industries varying from automotive to interior design. Digital visualization allows users to design their working and living spaces, and to select materials and colors for future products. The rendering software that is currently available often suggests photorealistic quality. However, visual comparisons of these images with the physical objects they represent reveal that the color accuracy of these methods is not good enough for critical applications such as automotive design. Therefore, we recently developed a spectral pipeline for rendering gonio-apparent materials such as effect coatings. In order to accurately render objects as they appear in a physical environment, this new approach requires a physics-based representation of the illumination surrounding the objects. In the present article we investigate how to physically represent one, well-defined lighting environment. Therefore, we investigated the lighting inside a recent, commercially available light booth that is widely used in the paint and graphical industry. We determined the spatial dimensions of the X-Rite SpectraLight QC light booth, and built a digital geometrical model of this light booth in the Open Source software Blender. We then measured the spectral radiance emitted by the various light sources that are integrated in the luminaire of this light booth, as well as the illuminance on a grid of measurement spots on the platform below the luminaire. Using these measurement data, we were able to develop an accurate physical simulation of the light field inside the light booth. We plan to use the physics-based model of the lighting inside the light booth to set up visual tests in which physical objects inside the physical light booth are visually compared to images showing virtual objects inside the virtual light booth. These visual tests will form the basis for developing improved models for displaying the color and texture of gonio-apparent materials.

Abordagem qualitativa na avaliação de risco químico em atividade de lavagem de peças de impressão gráfica com solvente orgânico

<p>A indústria de impressão gráfica é um setor diversificado, atendendo a todos os setores da economia. No setor gráfico, é comum a utilização de tintas e solventes que apresentam em sua composição substâncias químicas que se tornam fonte de riscos químicos, podendo causar danos ao sistema nervoso central, euforias, tonturas, sonolências, irritações nos olhos, na pele e nas vias respiratórias. Nesta pesquisa, utilizou-se uma metodologia de avaliação qualitativa de riscos químicos da ICCT (<em>International Chemical Control Toolkit</em>), adaptada a partir da COSHH <em>Essentials</em>, publicada em 1998 pelo <em>Healthy and Safety Executive </em>(HSE), no Reino Unido. Uma metodologia qualitativa, simples e prática, foi aplicada às atividades de lavagem de peças com solvente do setor de impressão gráfica de uma empresa de embalagens plásticas flexíveis de Campina Grande – PB. A metodologia qualitativa foi utilizada para determinar ações preventivas e medidas de controle para a exposição ao solvente acetato de etila. A partir de informações simples contidas na FISPQ da substância química, como frases de segurança e a temperatura de ebulição, juntamente com dados sobre a quantidade manuseada pelo trabalhador e a temperatura de operação da atividade, foi possível estabelecer medidas de controle adequadas, a serem implementadas nas áreas com risco químico.</p>

La logística inversa en el sector manufacturero y su impacto en el medio ambiente

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue resaltar la importancia de la gestión de Logística Inversa como un mecanismo de aprovechamiento de recursos desechables para darles oportunidad de valor económico. La investigación se basó en la existencia de un incremento en el beneficio de Logística Inversa en las relaciones entre empresa y medio ambiente. Las tendencias ambientales, culturales y sociales, y la escasez de los recursos naturales exigen a las empresas de Industria Gráfica optimizar a través de la Logística Inversa, como apoyo no solo en su desempeño operativo, sino más aún, el grado de competitividad razonable en sus recursos y capacidades. La metodología utilizada consistió en la revisión documental en relación al tema de Logística Inversa que existe en la literatura, en el periodo comprendido entre 1990 y 2017. Como resultado se pudo resaltar que, la estrategia de la organización debería centrarse en las competitividades principales que esta posee, y que podría maximizar el valor de la organización. Como conclusión se pudo enfatizar las ventajas económicas que son ampliamente considerables para las empresas, y sus implicancias en el tema de actividades económicas ambientalmente sostenibles.

Industrial Attachment and Employability: Perspectives of Graphic Design Students and Industrial Supervisors

To provide students with career focused tertiary education that enhances employability for middle-level supervisory and managerial positions in business and industry in Ghana, the Polytechnic Act 2007, Act 754, was enacted. This Act makes it mandatory for all students to undertake Industrial Attachment. The focus of Industrial Attachment is to help enhance graduate employability through the acquisition of employable skills and knowledge, to assist students to build or improve their personal skills to increase their chances of obtaining secured jobs in their respective fields of study and to be able to contribute meaningfully to economic growth and national development (Walker II, 2011; Nunfam et al 2015). Although Graphic Design students spend six months (on different vacation periods) out of the total three years on the HND Programme on Industrial Attachment, yet most of them find it difficult to obtain jobs relating to their area of specialities, while some of those employed in the Graphic Design industry also lack the needed industrial skills to enable them to perform effectively (Nunfam et al 2015). The aim of this paper was to explore and describe the extent to which Graphic Design students of the Takoradi Technical University are equipped with industrial experience and practical skills through Industrial Attachment to enhance employability. Mixed research strategy (Qualitative and Quantitative) was employed. A case study research design was used, and research instruments employed to obtain data were survey questionnaire and interview for the collection of qualitative and quantitative data to answer the research question: What are the perceptions of students and industrial supervisors on the impact of Industrial Attachment on employability? Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of 217 respondents, made up of 209 level 300 students and 8 industrial supervisors.Qualitative data was analysed through thematic analysis and quantitative data was also analysed with SPSS statistics software. Students have good understanding of theoretical knowledge. However, due to ineffective collaboration between Takoradi Technical University and the various industries, and the lack of effective strategic management of the Industrial Attachment programme, some students have limited practical skills. Collaboration between Takoradi Technical University and industries is critical for the development of employability skills. For Graphic Design students to benefit from the Industrial Attachment programme, all stakeholders of Takoradi Technical University need to put in the technical expertise, resources, infrastructure, incentives and motivations to foster a seamless partnership between the University and the industries. Also, the current inadequate Industrial Attachment programme requires a critical evaluation through effective strategic management. Keywords: Technical University Education, Industrial attachment, Graphic Design, Employability skills. DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-18-10 Publication date: June 30th 2020

Photophysics and photochemistry of NIR absorbers derived from cyanines: key to new technologies based on chemistry 4.0

Cyanines derived from heptamethines were mainly discussed regarding their functionalization to broaden the solubility in different surroundings exhibiting either hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties and to tailor made the ΔGet photopysical properties with respect to absorption and fluorescence. Electrochemical properties were additionally considered for some selected examples. The cyanines chosen comprised as end groups either indolenine, benzo[e]- or benzo[cd]indolium pattern, which facilitated to shift the absorption between 750–1000 nm. This enabled their use in applications with light sources emitting in the near-infrared (NIR) region selected from high power LEDs or lasers with line-shaped focus. The absorbers considered were discussed regarding their function as sensitizer for applications related to Chemistry 4.0 standards. These were mainly photopolymer coatings, which can be found for applications in the graphic industry or to protect selected substrates. The huge release of heat on demand upon turning ON or OFF the NIR light source enables them for photothermal treatment in processes requesting heat to initiate either chemical (activated reactions) or physical (melting, evaporation) events.

Lean Management: a Rapid Response to the COVID-19 Crisis - The Case of Dutch Manufacturing Companies in the Graphical Industry

Lean Management: a Rapid Response to the COVID-19 Crisis - The Case of Dutch Manufacturing Companies in the Graphical Industry

Концепт-арт в современной индустрии компьютерной графики на примере работ концепт-художника Джамы Джурбаева

Концепт-арт в современной индустрии компьютерной графики на примере работ концепт-художника Джамы Джурбаева

Fully Automatic Facial Deformation Transfer

Facial Animation is a serious and ongoing challenge for the Computer Graphic industry. Because diverse and complex emotions need to be expressed by different facial deformation and animation, copying facial deformations from existing character to another is widely needed in both industry and academia, to reduce time-consuming and repetitive manual work of modeling to create the 3D shape sequences for every new character. But transfer of realistic facial animations between two 3D models is limited and inconvenient for general use. Modern deformation transfer methods require correspondences mapping, in most cases, which are tedious to get. In this paper, we present a fast and automatic approach to transfer the deformations of the facial mesh models by obtaining the 3D point-wise correspondences in the automatic manner. The key idea is that we could estimate the correspondences with different facial meshes using the robust facial landmark detection method by projecting the 3D model to the 2D image. Experiments show that without any manual labelling efforts, our method detects reliable correspondences faster and simpler compared with the state-of-the-art automatic deformation transfer method on the facial models.

Digital inspirational economy: the dialectics of design

ABSTRACT With the rise in design-centric social media platforms, blogs, and inspiration aggregators, ‘inspiration’ has become an increasingly popular term for designers’ creative digital work. Technology developers have leveraged this language of inspiration to describe how these platforms and applications could fit within, perpetuate, and ultimately direct design labor practice among and within these sites. This empirical study examines the continual shaping and reshaping of the digital inspirational economy, where one designer’s creative content becomes another’s inspiration. Drawing on interviews with 45 graphic designers, participant observations, and industry texts, I analyze the digital work of designers as they manage dialectical tensions between inspiration and imitation across a design-centric social media landscape. I highlight four key practices designers employed as a part of their shaping and negotiation of the digital inspirational economy including (1) continual investment, (2) ensuring novelty, (3) compulsory comparability, and (4) prioritizing connections. Each of these inspiration practices reveal a unique dialectical tension that designers negotiated as an emerging part of the ‘work of inspiration’. The platforms and practices used by enterprising designers illuminate the contours of evolving work practices and the ways in which designers are continually challenged to assert their economic value in the creative economy. As such, analyzing the practice of inspiration illuminates larger issues concerning attribution, diffusion of visual information, and the politics of creative economies. I conclude by addressing the work and self-presentation implications for freelance and independent creative professionals whose work processes are increasingly entangled with digital platforms.

Enhancement of Polyvinyl Acetate (PVAc) Adhesion Performance by SiO2 and TiO2 Nanoparticles

Post press processes include various types of bonding and adhesives, depending upon the nature of adherends, the end use performance requirements and the adhesive bonding processes. Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive is a widely used adhesive in the graphic industry for paper, board, leather and cloth. In this study, the enhancement of PVAc adhesion performance by adding different concentrations (1%, 2% and 3%) of silica (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles was investigated. The morphology of investigated paper-adhesive samples was analyzed by SEM microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. In addition, the optimal adhesion at the interface of paper and adhesive was found according to calculated adhesion parameters by contact angle measurements (work of adhesion, surface free energy of interphase, wetting coefficient). According to obtained surface free energy (SFE) results, optimum nanoparticles concentration was 1%. The wettability of the paper-adhesive surface and low SFE of interphase turned out as a key for a good adhesion performance. The end use T-peel resistance test of adhesive joints confirmed enhancement of adhesion performance. The highest strength improvement was achieved with 1% of SiO2 nanoparticles in PVAc adhesive.

OPTIMALISASI POTENSI KARYA MAHASISWA MATA KULIAH GRAFIKA DKV MELALUI GALERI ONLINE

Graphic reproduction courses or printing methods are one of the courses that always exist in every college of Visual Communication Design in Indonesia, with this course students are expected to understand how the Final Artwork (FA) printing process is correct, the result is the quality of the design work Finally, students have met print-ready standards in accordance with the graphic industry standard so that it has the potential to be offered to the public at large as ready-to-use works, but unfortunately the student's work has only ended up in storage. This study aims to optimize the potential that exists in the final design work to be more widely useful. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach aimed at analyzing the quality of student design assignments in the Gafika Reproduction Method course, and creating an online gallery as a means of channeling existing design potential

CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LAS PRÁCTICAS DE GESTIÓN DE ACTUALIZACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA EN EL ÁREA DE PRODUCCIÓN DE ORGANIZACIONES DE LA INDUSTRIA GRÁFICA EN COLOMBIA

Con base en una muestra de organizaciones de la industria gráfica en Colombia se recolectó información sobre cómo estas empresas interactúan con su entorno y cómo el empresario toma las decisiones para enfrentar los retos de actualización e innovación tecnológica. Se siguieron las pautas de una investigación de tipo cualitativo. Esta caracterización pretende aportar a la identificación de elementos que pudieran servir de insumo para el diseño de políticas o iniciativas de organismos públicos o privados que apoyan el sector. En la muestra se destacan algunas prácticas: asociarse con organizaciones que promueven innovación basada en tecnología, implementar procedimientos formales para gestión de proyectos de actualización e innovación y apoyar desde la administración capacitación en temas de gestión e innovación. Se concluye que promover y fortalecer alianzas entre integrantes de la Industria y con entidades de apoyo debería dinamizar el sector para generar e implementar iniciativas de mejora en competitividad, productividad e innovación.

A qualidade de vida no trabalho como estratégia de gestão de pessoas: o caso de uma indústria gráfica de Santa Catarina

A análise do nível da Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) aliada à identificação dos principais fatores que a influenciam é uma das estratégias de gestão de pessoas nas indústrias. O presente estudo mediu a QVT dos colaboradores em uma indústria gráfica localizada no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, fez-se uso do questionário QWLQ-bref que alcançou 95% do total de colaboradores. Todos os questionários respondidos foram considerados válidos e utilizados na avaliação do resultado. A organização encontra-se entre os níveis médio e bom de QVT segundo a escala utilizada, visto que avaliação apresentou média global de 3,562 (71,24%). O domínio Físico/Saúde teve média de 3,601 (72,02%), o Psicológico de 3,465 (69,3%), o Pessoal de 3,724 (74,48%) e, por fim, o domínio Profissional de 3,459 (69,18%). O estudo mostrou que todos os domínios da QVT foram considerados satisfatórios pelos funcionários da empresa. O fator pessoal foi considerado como o fator de maior contentamento, enquanto o profissional o de maior descontentamento. A falta de investimento em qualificação foi apontada como o principal ponto de insatisfação. Por isso, sugere-se que os gestores da organização criem um plano de treinamento a fim de melhorar a satisfação dos seus colaboradores.

Treatment of real wastewater from the graphic industry using advanced oxidation technologies: Degradation models and feasibility analysis

Many organic contaminants present in industrial effluents are resistant to conventional treatments. The application of Advanced Oxidation Technologies (AOT's) to a system of great complexity and unknown composition was studied. The proposed AOT's arise from the combination of UV light irradiation (254 nm) in the presence of commercial steel wool (CSW - zerovalent iron) and H2O2 as an oxidant, resulting in degradation processes by UV photolysis, UV/H2O2, Fe°/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/Fe°. The system used was an effluent from a graphic industry. High organic load and low biodegradability are characteristics of these wastewaters. The CSW was characterized by SEM/EDS. The effect of pH, H2O2 concentration, mass of CSW, intensity of UV light and temperature on the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the effluent was evaluated employing a screening design. Afterwards, significant factors ([H2O2], light intensity and temperature) were selected to study their effect on COD reduction employing a central composite design. Optimum operating conditions predicted (0.06 mol L−1 of H2O2, UV254 nm of 1.6 × 10−5 E s−1 and 44 °C at pH ca. 6.5.) generated an experimental COD reduction of 98.22% at lab scale. These conditions were also tested at pilot scale. Furthermore, phytotoxicity of treated effluents was analyzed.

O Processo de Internacionalização da Metalúrgica Delta: Análise Baseada no Tripé da Estratégia

This article, theoretical and empirical, aims to analyze the process adopted by a company in the metallurgical and graphic industry regarding its internationalization strategy. Thus, a case study was conducted by a qualitative approach, based on Peng’s strategic tripod (2009). The main objective of this study is to investigate how was the process of internationalization of the company object of this study, based on market vision vs. RBV vs. institution (Peng’s tripod) and identify the factors that impacted in the results obtained. The analysis shows that, a priori, the decisions taken by the company were not guided in all aspects necessary for the adoption of an internationalization process and that there were no operational, financial and economic gains in the adopted strategy.