Official Control Research Articles

Policy Triangle Analysis of Stunting Issues in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Yogyakarta City

Stunting reduction is one of Indonesia’s major projects. While one-size-fits-all regulations were no longer promoted, understanding the characteristics of each region imposed a strong policy foundation. Many studies had been conducted in rural areas, but the analysis of urban areas was scarce. A study was conducted in Yogyakarta City to understand the characteristics of stunting intervention, despite the high human development index, education level, and access to health facilities. This made it important to examine the characteristics of stunting reduction efforts, based on the analysis of the contents, contexts, processes, and actors involved, in Yogyakarta City, to help with its ambition for zero stunting. A desk review and focus group discussion were conducted involving four local government staff, consisting of the Regional Planning and Development Agency, Health Office, and Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, and Population Control and Family Planning, which were elaborated with literature following the policy triangle framework. A total of 13 open-access official documents and dashboards were obtained for analysis. Decrees from the local government showed a strong commitment to ending malnutrition. While most intervention packages were similar to those across Indonesia, targeted interventions for specific subjects were needed to support people who were unable to be covered by general services. Furthermore, Yogyakarta City has smaller open spaces than other districts in the province, a contradictory low nutrition awareness despite high school participation, and other factors were cross-linked with its culture in the community, implementer, to the authority levels. Stunting reduction programs were multisectoral, involving not only government offices but also non-government, mass media, community, private sectors, and academia. This study is expected to provide lessons learned for decision-makers, private sectors, academia, and public health practitioners to implement good collaboration in stunting reduction efforts.

Minimum methionine requirement in adult cats as determined by indicator amino acid oxidation.

There is a lack of empirical data on the dietary Met requirement, in the presence of Cys or cystine, in adult cats. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the Met requirement, in the presence of excess Cys, in adult cats at maintenance using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique. Six adult neutered male cats were initially selected and started the study. Cats were adapted to the basal diet sufficient in Met (0.24% dry matter, DM) for 14 d prior to being randomly allocated to one of eight dietary levels of Met (0.10%, 0.13%, 0.17%, 0.22%, 0.27%, 0.33%, 0.38%, and 0.43% DM). Different dietary Met concentrations were achieved by supplementing the basal diet with Met solutions. Alanine was additionally included in the solutions to produce isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets. Cats underwent a 2-d adaptation period to each experimental diet prior to each IAAO study day. On IAAO study days, 13 meals were offered corresponding to 75% of each cat's daily food allowance. The remaining 25% of their daily food intake was offered after each IAAO study. A bolus dose of NaH13CO3 (0.44mg kg-1) and l-[1-13C]-phenylalanine (13C-Phe; 4.8mg kg-1) were provided in fifth and sixth meals, respectively, followed by a constant dose of 13C-Phe (1.04mg kg-1) in the next meals. Breath samples were collected and total production of 13CO2 was measured every 25min through respiration calorimetry chambers. Steady state of 13CO2 achieved over at least three breath collections was used to calculate oxidation of 13C-Phe (F13CO2). Competing models were applied using the NLMIXED procedure in SAS to determine the effects of dietary Met on 13CO2. Two cats were removed from the study as they did not eat all meals, which is required to achieve isotopic steady. A breakpoint for the mean Met requirement, with excess of Cys, was identified at 0.24% DM (22.63mg kg-1) with an upper 95% confidence limit of 0.40% DM (37.71 mg·kg-1), on an energy density of 4,164 kcal of metabolizable energy/kg DM calculated using the modified Atwater factors. The estimated Met requirement, in the presence of excess of Cys, is higher than the current recommendations proposed by the National Research Council's Nutrient Requirement of Dogs and Cats, the Association of American Feed Control Officials, and the European Pet Food Industry Federation.

Pelaksanaan Quality Control Pesawat Sinar X di Pelayanan Radiodiagnostik

Background: Quality Control can be used as a monitoring of the reliability of X-Ray Unit during the validity period of the Conformity Test Certificate. During the use of X-ray Unit, there is the potential for damage to components during the validity period of the certificate of passing the Compliance Test. If the X-Ray Unit Reliability Test is only carried out during the Compliance Test, then if there is a decrease in the quality and safety of the X-ray Unit it cannot be immediately known. This has the potential to endanger patients, radiation workers and the public. In Banyumas Regency, there are 80 Radiation Source Utilization Permits spread across 34 radiodiagnostic installation. Preliminary studies show that not all radiodiagnostic installation carry out routine X-ray machine reliability tests according to the Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 1250/Menkes/SK/XII/2009 Tentang Pedoman Kendali Mutu (Quality Control) Peralatan Radiodiagnostik.
 Method: This research type is qualitative with survey of 20 radiodiagnostic installation using a questionnaire instrument. Quality control conducted periodically includes kVp accuracy test, linearity and reproducibility mA, exposure time accuracy test, tube leak test, collimator beam suitability test, collimator shutter efficiency test, collimator light strength test, HVL measurement, implementation of reject analysis program and availability and qualifications of quality control officers and availability of quality control equipment. Then the data will be grouped based on research objectives and presented descriptively.
 Result: From the results of data collection, 1 hospital did not have a quality control officer and 4 hospitals had a quality control officer with an educational background of Diploma IV in Radiology Engineering without any Radiology Equipment Quality Control training. Meanwhile, 15 hospitals have quality control officers with an educational background in the Medical Physics Undergraduate Program and have attended training in Quality Control of Radiology Equipment. Of the 20 hospital radiology installations, there were 7 hospitals that did not carry out the Reject Analysis Program. This was done with the assumption that Digital Radiography had been used in both the CR and DR modalities. A number of 13 hospitals continued to carry out the Reject Analysis Program even though they had used Digital Radiography. Of the 20 hospital radiology installations, there are 6 hospitals that independently carry out X-ray unit testing within the framework of a quality control program. However, only 1 hospital conducts regular testing. Testing is also limited to the accuracy of the collimator field and the strong light of the collimator. Fourteen hospitals did not carry out a quality control program independently but only carried out an X-ray unit calibration test once a year which was carried out by BPFK and an X-ray unit distributor company.
 Conclusion: The implementation of quality control of x-ray machines on a regular basis has not been carried out by all radiodiagnostic services, even though they already have quality control officers. One of the reasons is the availability of quality control equipment needed for testing and supervision of radiodiagnostic service management. The role of management of radiodiagnostic services is needed to overcome these problems.
 
 Keyword : Quality Control Programe, Compliance Test, X-Ray Unit

Sosialisasi Dan Aplikasi Elisitor Biosaka Pada Budidaya Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa) Di Desa Pudak, Kecamatan Kumpeh Ulu, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, Provinsi Jambi

Efforts to increase rice (Oryza sativa) production by farming communities in Pudak Village, Kumpeh Ulu District, Muaro Jambi Regency still partly depend on the use of inorganic fertilizers. An alternative to increasing production that is safe and environmentally friendly is the use of biosaccharide elicitors made from organic materials. This needs to be socialized to farmers regarding the use of biosaka made from weeds, some of which are still unknown to farmers in Pudak Village. This activity began with a discussion meeting with the head of the farmer group, the Plant Pest Organism Control Officer (POPT) to look at problems in the farmers' rice fields and continued with land observations. Then socialization was carried out to the community and continued with the practice of making biosaka and implementation in rice fields in Pudak Village. The results of this activity show that farmers are very enthusiastic about all activities from manufacture to application on the land. There were 45 participants who attended and were active until the end of the activity. The follow-up activities showed farmers practicing how to make it in their respective groups. The results of monitoring and evaluation have proven that the biosaka elicitor has been successfully produced by farmers independently as much as 30 L. The application results show a positive and better plant response compared to plots where biosaka was not applied.

Examining the Forms of Central Government’s Dominance over Local Governments in Liberia

In recent years, the government of Liberia and its stakeholders have developed several policies towards decentralization that have led to significant developments. However, challenges still remain, especially the dominance of the central government, political greed, etc. This study aims to identify the forms of central government’s dominance over local governments in Liberia and its impacts on local governance. This research applied a qualitative method with primary data obtained through interviews with relevant informants and secondary data obtained through analysis of previous studies, mass media, and policies regarding decentralization in Liberia, and analyzed using an interactive model in addition to the NVivo 12 Plus software. The findings reveal that the central government exerts dominance in three forms, including visible, hidden, and invisible forms. Visible forms include explicit regulations predominantly financial control and local officials' appointment, which allowed the central government to dictate local governance. Hidden forms mainly include intimidation and political party influence, which are not publicly acknowledged, allowing the central government to maintain its dominance and often devaluing local agendas. Invisible forms mainly include institutional capture and policy development, shaping the mindsets of local officials and citizens as well as viewing this dominance as natural, thus leading to a culture of silence. Hence, the research emphasizes the need for further reforms to ensure a balanced distribution of power and the independence of local governments to serve communities effectively and make decisions aligned with local needs.

Strategi penanganan korban kekerasan seksual pada perempuan oleh Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan, Perlindungan Anak, Pengendalian Penduduk dan Keluarga Berencana Kabupaten Karanganyar

This study aims to analyze: 1) What is the strategy for handling victims of sexual violence against women by the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning, Karanganyar Regency. 2) What are the problems encountered in handling victims of sexual violence against women and the solutions. In this study using qualitative research methods. In this study the results were found: 1) strategies for handling victims of sexual violence against women by the Office of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning in Karanganyar Regency, namely (1) receiving reports, (2) outreach to victims, (3) case processing, ( 4) mediation, (5) medical, psychological, legal assistance, (6) psychological and trauma recovery. 2) The problems encountered in handling victims of sexual violence against women and their solutions are (1) lack of companion staff, namely by engaging other institutions that have the same goals, (2) victims who are not open, overcome with refreshing minds, (3) families who lack cooperative given an understanding, (4) the lack of understanding of the community about the agency that handles cases of sexual violence, overcome by conducting socialization.

Age-Markers on the Red Blood Cell Surface and Erythrocyte Microparticles may Constitute a Multi-parametric Strategy for Detection of Autologous Blood Transfusion

BackgroundAutologous blood transfusion is one of the illicit strategies, banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, to increase the levels of hemoglobin, with a consequent improvement in the delivery of oxygen to tissues. At present, this practice is detectable exclusively by the individual, longitudinal monitoring of hematological biomarkers, as in the hematological module of the Athlete Biological Passport; but this indirect approach may suffer from different confounding factors. We are presenting a multi-parametric, analytical strategy to detect autologous blood transfusions by targeting the modification of the red blood cells during storage. We focused on the assessment of “storage lesions”, targeting (i) membrane proteins: Glycophorin-A and Band 3 complex, (ii) biomarkers of oxidative stress: Peroxiredoxin-2, (iii) biomarkers of senescence: CD47 and Phosphatidylserine, (iv) erythrocytes microparticles.ResultsAll of the above markers were monitored, by immunological and flow cytofluorimetric methods, on samples of stored whole blood collected at different time intervals, and on fresh blood samples, collected for official doping control tests, mixed “ex vivo” to simulate an autotransfusion. Although anonymized before the delivery to the laboratory, it was possible to mix samples belonging to the same subject based on the “athlete biological passport” code. Our results showed that the irreversible alteration of RBCs morphology, the loss of membrane integrity, the occurrence of hemolysis phenomena, and, more in general, the “aging” of the erythrocytes during storage are closely related to: (i) the reduced concentration, on the erythrocyte membrane, of Band 3 protein (decrease of 19% and of 39% after 20 and 40 days of storage respectively) and of glycophorin A (− 47% and − 63% respectively); (ii) the externalization of phosphatidyl serine (with a five-fold increase after 20 days and a further 2× increase after 40 days); (iii) the reduced concentration of CD47; and (iv) increased levels of erythrocyte microparticles.ConclusionsThe most promising method to detect the presence of transfused blood in whole blood samples can be based on a multi-parametric strategy, considering jointly both protein expression on RBCs membranes and micro-vesiculation phenomena.

The censorship interference in television serials and series during martial law in Poland (1981-1983) – historical and legal context

Throughout the period of the People’s Republic of Poland, political and systemic solutions were undemocratic. There was the Main Office of Control of Press, Publications and Shows (GUKPPiW)., whose name was changed in July 1981 to the Main Office of Control of Publications and Shows (GUKPiW). On 13 December 1981, the communists (under the leadership of General Wojciech Jaruzelski) introduced martial law, which was abolished on 22 July 1983. The state authorities tried to stop the development of Independent Self-Governing Trade Union “Solidarity”. Society, including the makers of television serial and series, has been subjected to even tighter control. Preventive censorship had a negative impact on the development of cultural and artistic life. The aim of this article is to show the mechanisms of operation of Polish censorship (also in the historical and legal context), which had an impact on the broadcast of programs on Polish Television during martial law (1981-1983).

Risk management and risk communication of an illegal use of sulphites in meat preparations

Abstract This paper presents a case study on the management of a food fraud associated with health risks: the illegal use of sulphites in meat preparations and minced meat in Slovenia in 2019. The purpose is to highlight the shortcomings of existing systems for ensuring food safety in case of food frauds and highlight challenges for improvements. Sulphites are food additives but also have significant allergenic potential, hence they may cause serious reactions in sensitized consumers. Labelling of foods treated with sulphites is mandatory, and their use in meat and meat preparations in Europe is not allowed. However, certain food business operators may intentionally add sulphites into meat preparations to improve the sensory properties; besides being a food fraud, this exposes unaware consumers to health risks. The case started with the notification of an allergic-like reaction by a consumer following the consumption of a meat product. While the public authorities reacted by intensifying controls on markets and retailers, the analysis of risk management and risk communication aspects showed a number of shortcomings: slow response time; lack of recall of sulphite-treated meat products and of an in-depth risk assessment. The evaluation of this case study identified violations of food law regulations and consumer protection legislation. Effective risk management requires an interdisciplinary approach, integrating timely and targeted official control and risk communication throughout the food chain to protect consumers from unfair practices. Consistent, effective, and transparent communication among all actors who share responsibility in ensuring food safety is necessary to achieve improvements. This serious case of food fraud with actual risks to consumer health provided an opportunity for lessons to be learnt regarding managing health hazards from intervention to prevention.

FORMALIZATION OF DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES IN AVIATION MANAGEMENT

Currently, fighter aircraft is one of the most important components in the war with the russian federation. It is used to gain superiority in the air during combat, destroy means of air attack, air support of the Ground Forces, the Naval Forces, provision of aerial intelligence data to control bodies, aerial damage to enemy aviation, land and sea formations, objects of the state and military administration, rear facilities and military-economic potential, transport communications, performance of other special tasks. To ensure high efficiency of combat use, tactical (fighter) aviation brigades are equipped with automation equipment. The experience of the combat use of fighter aircraft during wars and local military conflicts of the last decade shows that ensuring high efficiency of aircraft control is achieved by automating control processes through the use of modern software and mathematical support of the automated control system, based on fundamentally new approaches, in including the use of a single formal system for presenting the knowledge of combat control officers. However, the capabilities of aviation and air defense control systems to solve logical and analytical problems are limited. In the existing complex of automation tools, the final result of the task of determining the impact on the target is evaluated qualitatively – if it is possible for the fighter to enter a given tactically advantageous position relative to the target. The existing SPMZ ASU uses mathematical models, the systems of restrictions of which do not allow to fully use the existing potential of the available composition of information sources, to form recommendations based on incomplete, inaccurate input information, which negatively affects the quality of aviation management. Thus, the need to automate decision- making processes in aviation management using the latest information technologies is urgent. One of the promising directions of formalization of decision-making processes in aviation management is the creation of models that provide for the formalization of the mental activity of decision-makers. The purpose of the article. Automation of decision-making processes in aviation management using the latest information technologies. One of the promising directions of formalization of decision-making processes in aviation management is the creation of models that provide for the formalization of the mental activity of decision-makers.

Population Control and Family Planning Have an Important Role in Determining Birth Rate Control

The affairs of population control and family planning have an important role in achieving optimal community welfare. If the family planning program in an area is successful, the demographic bonus age will be longer and will have an impact on welfare development. The purpose of this research is to find out that population control and family planning efforts have an important role in determining birth rate control. This type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach method, taking secondary data from reports from the Population Control and Family Planning Sector results from January - December 2022 Respondents Head of Population Control and Family Planning Division, Functional Officer of Population Control, Functional Officer of Family Planning and Reproductive Health and Functional Officer of Empowerment and Family Planning Office of Health, Population Control and Family Planning of Tuban Regency.

RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL DIALECTICS IN DETERMINING EARLY-AGE MARRIAGE (Case Study of the Increase in Early-age Marriage in Pinrang City from the Maqashid Shariah Perspective)

Marriages conducted in Pinrang Regency often do not pay attention to the rules of marriage that have been established, especially the issue of age. Such problems are difficult to avoid, especially in ordinary people, thus reducing the negative impact of early marriage. The role of the National Family Planning Agency through the Office of Population Control, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection of Pinrang Regency is required. The objectives of this study are as follows: to identify the negative impacts caused by early marriage in Pinrang Regency, to analyze or determine the potential for underage marriage in Pinrang Regency, and to describe the role of the Pinrang Regency government in reducing underage marriage. This study is qualitative research. The approach used is socio-juridical. The research is descriptive qualitative. There are two types of data used, namely primary data and secondary data. The technique of data processing used observation, interviews, documentation, triangulation, and data validity tests using credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Furthermore, the data analysis technique used the data reduction technique (data reduction), display (data presentation), and conclusion drawing/verification (concluding). Based on the results of this study, it shows that: first, underage marriage has a negative impact, especially concerning health issues. Second, It was found that approximately 90% of underage marriages in Pinrang Regency were conducted by women, with requests for dispensation of marriage being submitted more by people who live in urban areas compared to rural areas. The negative impact presented in early marriage is more dominant than the positive impact. Based on the Maqasyid shari'ah theory, the practice and potential of early marriage in Pinrang City is contrary to Hifdzunnafs for both women and children based on the data that has been described.

Investigation of Sediment Pollution in the Gulf of Elefsina Using Environmental Indicators

In this paper, the sediment pollution in the Gulf of Elefsina, over the period 1986-2010, has been measured and presented. The pollution had been measured regarding heavy metals, like cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn). Initially, the measured area is presented, along with the sources of pollution in the historical background and the wider region. Three pollutant indicators had been calculated for the investigation of Sediment Pollution: The Pollution Load Index (PLI), the Enrichment Factor (EF) and the Geo-accumulation index (Igeo). The results of the Pollution Control and Environmental Quality Office measurements had been used for the calculation of these indicators, taken at six locations of the coast and three locations in the center of the Gulf of Elefsina. The study of these indicators reveals that there is heavy metal pollution at all sampling locations, while the most heavily affected areas of the Gulf are these near Skaramangas Shipyards and Elefsis Shipyards. More intense pollution is recorded for Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn. More specifically, high values of Cd had been measured at all sampling points, while for Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn high values had been measured in areas that are active in shipbuilding-repair and dismantling units. In contrast, there is no pollution for Mn.

Official Control in Slaughter and Game Handling: Expectations and Prerequisites for Implementation of Remote Meat Inspection in Sweden

Remote meat inspection is currently not permitted under the European Union food control legislation. However, the environmental impact of travelling to and from abattoirs and increasing shortages of qualified veterinary staff make remote controls a potential future scenario. This paper reports the results of a qualitative study conducted with a sample of nineteen official veterinarians and food business operators in Sweden. We investigated attitudes, perceived risks, and prerequisites for remote meat controls in semi-structured interviews.Results indicate both positive attitudes towards remote meat inspection, and concerns related to technical challenges, reliability and security of data transfer, and possibilities of manipulation of the remote system. Respondents also noted both negative effects, such as physical hurdles for good control, and positive impacts on animal welfare, such as shortened waiting times for slaughter. Considering the current regulatory framework, only 21% of the respondents have had any prior experience with (pilot) remote meat inspections and the additional 11% carried out remote inspections of Food Chain Information documents. Nevertheless, all participants, including the majority without any prior experience in remote inspections, assumed that remote inspections would be done via video streaming. The optimal setting for a remote meat inspection, according to our respondents, seems to be a combination of cameras at fixed locations with body cameras worn by assisting abattoir personnel. Overall, remote meat inspections are possible to introduce but not without significant legal and technical adaptations as well as definition of the conditions for this type of control flexibility.

Application of micro capillary blood sampling in an anti-doping setting.

Blood collection is an important facet of anti-doping testing, forming the basis of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP). Traditional blood collection via venipuncture can be uncomfortable for athletes, especially those who are tested frequently or close to competition. Athletes may also have negative perceptions of venipuncture due to past experiences or the risks of adverse health events such as bruising, hematomas, syncope, and general discomfort that has the potential to affect performance. Advances in capillary whole blood collection technology now affords the ability to collect micro-volumetric capillary whole blood from the upper arm (or other suitable vascular location such as the abdomen) that is "needle-free" and virtually painless using devices such as the Tasso+. The present study extends previous work, by collecting microliter capillary whole blood samples via the Tasso+ EDTA device in an official anti-doping setting prior to competition, as well as requiring temperature-monitored cold chain shipping by air to the laboratory before analysis. Fifty-eight matched capillary and venous blood samples were collected under official doping control conditions by certified Doping Control Officers. No impact of sample shipment by air under cool conditions was observed on sample integrity. Provided that no visible clots were identified prior to analysis, capillary and venous blood samples showed excellent laboratory agreement for all CBC parameters, with the exception of platelets. Micro capillary blood collection provides a valid alternative to venous blood collection for ABP purposes, with the advantage of providing a more athlete-friendly experience, particularly close to competition.

The Effect of Awareness of Halal Cosmetics’ Health on Consumers' Willingness for Purchase

Background: International statistics have shown Muslims’ increased awareness of halal cosmetics has increased the volume of halal cosmetics business. According to Iran's laws, imported or domestically manufactured cosmetics are evaluated in terms of being halal, but it seems that consumers are unaware of this issue. The purpose of this research is to measure consumers’ awareness of halal cosmetics and its effect on willingness to buy these cosmetics.
 Methods: This study was conducted on 123 cosmetic consumers through pretest-posttest method. First, consumers' awareness and willingness to buy halal cosmetics and the criteria affecting cosmetics purchasing were measured. Then, a brochure containing information about halal cosmetics and the requirements of Iran's law regarding the import and production of cosmetics was provided to the participants. After a week, the same variables were measured again. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 26 software.
 Results: On a 5-point Likert scale (1 = very little to 5 = very much), the average consumers' awareness of halal cosmetics and willingness to buy them were 3 and 3.04, respectively (P-value < 0.05). After the distribution of brochures, the average awareness of halal cosmetics and willingness to buy these products increased to 4.1 and 4.12. Moreover, among the criteria (price, brand, having a halal certificate, country of origin, customs clearance, and buying from reputable stores) for deciding to buy cosmetics in the pretest stage, customs clearance and having a halal certificate, respectively obtained importance level of 4 and 5, but in the posttest stage, they obtained the level of 1 and 2.
 Conclusion: Informing consumers about the health of halal cosmetics and the country’s laws regarding the import and production of these products can increase the buyers' sensitivity towards the cosmetics’ halal nature and willingness to buy the halal ones. This can reduce the chance of buying smuggled products and those produced outside official controls.

Quality Of Service (QoS) Analysis to Calculate Internet Network Performance Level DISKOMINFOTIK and OPD P3AP2KB Office Riau Province

Purpose: Among government agencies, the Office of Communication, Information and Statistics (DISKOMINFOTIK) which functions as an internet Support for Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD), one of which is the OPD Office for Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning (P3AP2KB), this study was to determine the quality of the DISKOMINFOTIK network for OPD. P3AP2KB Office.Design/methodology/approach: Analyzing the quality of the internet network at DISKOMINFOTIK and in the P3AP2KB Office OPD room which has a lot of clients during busy hours, free hours, and quiet hours using the Quality Of Service (QoS) method with Throughput, packet loss, delay, TIPHON standard jitter and quantitative methodology.Findings/result: The results of the research prove that the parameter values of Throughput, packet loss, delay are at index 4 with the TIPHON measurement standard in the "Very Good" category, and jitter is index 3 with the TIPHON measurement standard in the "Good" QoS category.Originality/value/state of the art: There has been no previous research to calculate the quality of the internet network provided by DISKOMINFOTIK to Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD), one of which is the OPD Dinas P3AP2KB, therefore this research was conducted.

Gelatin medium for preserving of Trichinella spp. for quality control in laboratories - estimation of larvae viability.

Official food control laboratories ensure food safety using reliable, validated methods. Council Regulations (EC) No. 853/2004, 854/2004 and 882/2004 of the European Parliament established hygiene rules the production of food of animal origin, together with requirements for official controls. This leads to detailed requirements for Trichinella control set out in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1375 of 10 August 2015. These regulations require the laboratory to participate in proficiency testing (PT) to confirm their competence and improve the quality of testing, and require the PT Organizer to use methods for the preparation and preservation of parasite larvae in order to evaluate and improve detection. Traditional methods of preparing such larvae expose them to rapid degradation, making it necessary to simultaneously isolate the larvae and place them in meatballs to ensure quality. We developed a technique for preserving of Trichinella spp. for quality control such as PT sample preparation. The procedure protects larvae against toxic oxygen activity and bacterial destruction via a gelatin barrier. To estimate the viability of larvae preserved by this method, gelatin capsules with 10 larvae of T. spiralis in each were stored (4-8 °C) during 45 days of an experiment. Samples were tested at 2 day intervals (3 samples each day of testing). In total, 75 samples were tested. Larvae remained alive up to 3 weeks. The number of living larvae diminished after 27 days through day 43, after which no living larvae were observed. The gelatin medium procedure facilitated easy, high-throughput sample preparation and supported 100% recovery for 3 weeks. The method allows fast, efficient and accurate PT sample preparation.

Evaluation of the efficiency of biological and economic indicators in production systems on dairy farms

The efficiency of the livestock system is one of the factors of greatest social and economic interest in rural production areas. The project aimed to assess various biological and economic indicators to identify the most efficient dairy cows in grazing systems with supplementation within the Antioquia-Colombia dairy basin. We used retrospective data from 2009 to 2019 from farms in the municipalities of Entrerríos, San Pedro, and Belmira. The production systems in the northern region of Antioquia share common features typical of many dairy enterprises. They are primarily characterized by their utilization of grazing systems, each employing distinct supplementation regimes.The farms have their own records and official milk control from the cooperatives or associations from which the data was obtained. The productive categories of the evaluated cows were established according to the number of births, and within each subgroup, they were ordered by the total liters per lactation in ascending order. Productive, reproductive, health, and economic variables were recorded. Then cuts were made, thus forming three categories: low, medium, and high production. It was possible to determine the model that showed four groups of variables (breed, milk production per lactation, open days, and silage) with an important correlation of 97% and a greater contribution to the behavior of the cost per liter, obtaining an R2 of 0.91 (P <0.05) and a prediction error of US$ 0.0076 per liter of milk in the evaluated farms. It is concluded that, with few biological and economic predictive indicators, it was possible to identify the most efficient cows in grazing systems.

Association of Cow Somatic Cells Count Levels at Drying off with New Intramammary Infections and Culling Events after Calving

In this study we used somatic cell count levels at the end of cow lactation for evaluating udder health status on dairy farm. To be able to distinguish between infected and uninfected mammary glands a cut of 200000 cells/ ml of milk was used. Test day records from official milk Control Center Craiova-Romania database were used for 178 multiparous cows and 30 primiparous cows