Capital Components Research Articles

Pandemic at the Gates: The Improvement of Social Capital and Collective Efficacy in Neighbourhoods of the Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area

This study seeks to interpret the presence of social capital and collective efficacy among residents of neighbourhoods in the Greater Metropolitan Jakarta Area (GJMA) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A quantitative study was undertaken by surveying 922 GJMA residents on the basis of their perception of the improvement of five components of social capital. During this period, neighbourhood residents improved their social capital and practised collective efficacy in several concrete forms to meet their common goals and procure the required goods. Although this study finds the shared values and norms, social network size, mutual aid and trust, civic engagement and participation in activities improved during the pandemic, the level of monthly income and marital and tenurial status implicated the quality of social ties and capital.

Intellectual capital in Galician common forests

Forest communities around the world are becoming increasingly involved in sustainable forest management and intellectual capital view can orient the outcome. This paper aims to identify the principal components of intellectual capital, in its three dimensions; human, structural and relational (internal and external) capital, and their relationships in the governance of communal forests. Focusing on Galician communal forests, in north-west Spain, a survey was conducted among community representatives, analysing using principal components how they structure their intellectual capital, and based on these, through an oblimin (0.5) rotation. Linear correlations among these components were assessed to determine the relationship of the components with each other. Galician communal forests present a composition of intellectual capital components which differ from those of for-profit firms and are closer to those of other social entities. The complex interrelations between the different elements of intellectual capital suggest different typologies of forest communities.

Научно-методическая компетентность преподавателя вуза как составляющая человеческого капитала

The article actualizes the issue of the necessity to consider the scientific and methodological competence of university teachers as one of the most important components of the formation and development of human cap-ital of higher-level educational institutions. Based on the functional approach, the authors analyze its structure as a special type of professional competence. In relation to the components of the human capital of the indi-vidual, five elements have been identified, corresponding to the main types of scientific and methodological activities of a university teacher at the present stage: motivational, planning-prognostic, subject-activity, social-orientation and evaluative-reflective. It is emphasized that the real competence of a higher school teacher in the scientific and methodological sphere is provided by structural relationships of the above elements, which forms the intellectual capital and the capital of experience of professional and pedagogical activity of a univer-sity teacher's personality. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the result of the formation of scientific and methodological competence among the teaching staff in this case becomes pedagogically appropriate and competent organization of the educational process in the university as an economic product.

Does the South-to-North Water Diversion Project promote the growth of enterprises above designated size in the water-receiving areas?-Evidence from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China.

The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is believed to drive the next phase of sustainable productivity growth, meeting growing water demand, so as to address increasing environmental sustainability challenges. The Middle Route of SNWDP is regarded as an extremely large long-distance inter-basin water diversion project, which has benefited Henan, Hebei, Tianjin and Beijing since 2014 with great sustainable changes to the cities, groundwater, ecological environment, industrial structure and social development of the beneficiary areas. Taking the number of industrial enterprises above designated size (IEDS) in the water-receiving areas as the research object, this paper takes the year of policy implementation 2014 as the basic time point, evaluating the change of the number of IEDS in the beneficiary areas of the Middle Route of SNWDP through difference-in-difference model. The results show that: (1) The Middle Route of SNWDP promotes the additional growth of the number of IEDS in the beneficiary areas. (2) When the Middle Route of SNWDP promotes the growth of the number of IEDS in beneficiary areas, there is no regional difference for regions with different development levels. (3) The reasons why the Middle Route of SNWDP contributes to the additional growth of the number of IEDS are composed of promoting mixed ownership reform of enterprises in beneficiary areas, increasing water supply and increasing population. However, the Middle Route of SNWDP has not had a significant impact on the traditional total factor productivity or the components of production factors, technology and capital. From the final outcome, the South-to-North Water Diversion Project has played a facilitating role in the sustainable development of large-scale enterprises in the water-receiving areas.

The Components of Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance: An Investigation of Indonesian Banking Companies

This paper investigates whether intellectual capital components (capital employed, human capital, structural capital) have meaningful information on firm performance. 39 listed Indonesian banking companies make up the full sample, which was chosen between 2017 and 2021 based on a number of factors. This study is quantitative, employing panel data regression as the research model and E-Views as the testing tool. Additionally, we discovered a strong detrimental impact of VACA on firm performance as well as a big favorable impact of VAHU. However, we were unable to demonstrate the impact of STVA on firm performance in our study. Based on our research, we advise managers to enhance their management of the company's financial resources and its people resources, both of which will benefit the business in the long run.

Mediating role of leadership and group capital between human capital component and sustainability of horticultural agribusiness institutions in Indonesia

Abstract Farmers’ institutions are currently more cultural and primarily oriented only to getting government facilities. Farmers’ institutions have not been directed at utilizing access to various technological information, capital, and markets needed to develop horticultural agribusiness. Nevertheless, almost all farmers’ institutions exist in rural areas, but not all existing institutions can survive and carry out their functions sustainably. The research objective was to examine the impact of human capital through leadership and group capital on the sustainability of horticultural agribusiness institutions. The study was carried out at Uluere District, Bantaeng Regency, which is designated as a horticulture agribusiness development zone in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The sample selection was conducted using a simple randomized method, where 10% of the overall population was chosen. This method resulted in a sample size of 233 respondents for this study. The data gathering was done during September and November of 2022. Moreover, to acquire findings about the effect of human capital on the long-term viability of institutional agribusiness horticulture, we conducted an analysis using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The findings indicated that individual capability, individual motivation, organizational climate, and workgroup effectiveness were key factors of human capital that directly impact institutional strengthening. These factors were found to have positive and statistically significant connections. In addition, leadership and group capital connected the many aspects of human capital to the sustainability of horticultural agribusiness. The results of this study will significantly enhance ongoing efforts to formulate a plan aimed at mitigating rural development challenges, especially in Indonesia.

Voluntary Intellectual Capital Disclosure and Information Asymmetry: Study of Indian Firms

This article develops a disclosure index to examine the extent and quality of intellectual capital disclosure in Indian firms. Furthermore, it assesses the gap between stakeholder expectations and industry disclosure procedures by conducting five years database analysis. To analyze the extent and quality of intellectual capital disclosure, a content analysis technique was applied to a sample of 30 non-financial firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange for five years, 2018–2022. A disclosure index of 42 items was constructed based on previous studies under three intellectual capital categories: Structural Capital, Relational Capital, and Human Capital. It was found that Indian companies had a low level of intellectual capital disclosure, although it increased by 28% from 2018 to 2022. Also, there was an upward movement in the disclosure of all intellectual capital components. Structural capital is disclosed by the number of organizations, whereas human capital is being disclosed the lowest. This study developed a new disclosure index consisting of 42 intellectual capital items based on extant research conferred by experts. In addition, the study considered a Sensex non-financial company for the analysis. Third, this study uses graphs to represent disclosure quality.

The fast-track ascent to the top: The role of human capital in European listed firms

Drawing on human capital theory, this study examines the role of different components of human capital—education (level and type), tenure, and career variety (functional, industry, firm, and country variety)—in the rapid or “fast-track” career ascent of individuals to their first top management position (highest level of organisational hierarchy) as chief executive officer (CEO) or non-CEO Senior Manager (SM). Using a retrospective approach to the career trajectories of over 7500 CEOs and non-CEO SMs s in European listed firms, we show the commonalities and differences in the composition of human capital in the career progressions of both groups. The results reveal that the human capital that accelerates CEOs’ careers include an MBA degree and long tenure, especially when combined with firm variety. In contrast, for non-CEO SMs, a high level of education and low functional variety accelerated their career ascent. For non-CEO SMs, tenure has a negative effect that is alleviated by career variety. By explicating the components of human capital, we suggest that many forms of career variety, such as experience acquired across countries, industries, or firms, are not valued in a fast-track career, and hardly create valuable human capital for top positions. Our study paves the way for exploring the composition of human capital not only for different organisational roles, but also for different hierarchical levels.

Factor model of the health of the Russian population in the border areas

The subject of the study included significant conditions and factors for maintaining health in the context of ensuring the demographic security of Russian society. The object of the study was the national health of Russians and its regional specifics. Methodological approaches included a civilizational approach to the analysis of global and regional social, economic, behavioral determinants of health and population motivation for health-saving technologies. A secondary analysis of the phenomenon of national health in the context of modern humanitarian research is presented. The novelty of the study is based on the analysis of regional practices of the population in relation to their health, the structure of morbidity, factors and reasons motivating the population to take care of their health and lead a healthy lifestyle. Behavioral models of the population's attitude towards health and a healthy lifestyle are described; the structure of diseases in the population of border areas was analyzed. The specifics of motivation to preserve health through employer investments are described. It was concluded that there are regional specificities that determine the quality of public health and, in some cases, provoke specific “medical” interregional and external migration (for example, the opportunity to change place of residence to improve medical care). The health of employees of an enterprise of any form of ownership is a decisive reproductive component of human capital. In the conditions of the modern world, the permanent experience of the socio-economic and financial crisis, the transformation of values, the population is expected to significantly adapt to the changed conditions of society. All of this requires optimal levels of health and vitality. In this context, health is essential for the full and effective implementation of educational or professional activities.

Identity capital and future concerns in urban adolescents from La Araucanía-Chile

IntroductionLate modernity influences the construction and constitution of identity and the management of adolescents’ future lives. Research has shown that identity capital predicts the resolution of a successful identity; however, in Latin America, no antecedents have conducted studies under this conceptual framework.AimTo analyze the relationship pattern between identity capital components and future concerns.MethodsThe participants were 703 adolescents between the ages of 15 and 19 years who, in the year 2021, were in the third and fourth years of high school in urban educational establishments in La Araucanía Chile, to whom questions from the Governance of Educational Trajectories in Europe (GOETE) adapted to the Chilean context and the general self-efficacy scale were applied. Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) were performed to determine the suitability of the indicators to measure the constructs of interest and a structural equation analysis to determine the pattern of relationships between variables.ResultsThe final model obtained excellent indicators of the goodness of fit [χ2 (422) = 965.858, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.977; TLI = 0.975; RMSEA = 0.043; SRMR = 0.056], in which it is evident that parental support and interaction are related to self-efficacy and self-concept and these, in turn, is associated with adolescents’ future concerns.ConclusionThe relationship pattern tested shows that associations between tangible elements at the family level are related to intangible aspects of a personal nature, which can be protective factors against future concerns, and provide empirical support for the psychometric usefulness of the GOETE indicators in the Chilean context.

HUMAN CAPITAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: FEATURES OF FORMATION AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR GROWTH OF COMPETITIVENESS

Purpose of the research. The article substantiates the need to form competitive human capital on the example of advanced countries, the purpose of which is to determine the sources of formation of eff ective human capital.Methodology: In the course of the study the methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical and comparative analysis were applied. The authors conducted a literature review of scientifi c works in the fi eld of human capital formation of both domestic and foreign economists, studied the best practices of countries, and the possibility of its application in the Kazakhstani realities. For a more in-depth study of the issues were considered strategic programs and analyzed statistical compilations.Originality / value. The main indicators of the health care system, providing the formation of health capital as a component of human capital, have been analyzed. The main problems of education and health care spheres are defi ned. The comparison of labor remuneration indicators with advanced countries both in the average value and by sectors of the economy as a whole is carried out, the degree of its infl uence on the development of human capital is determined.Findings: A mechanism for the development of national human capital in the conditions of building an innovative economy is proposed. Recommendations have been developed to ensure the eff ectiveness of investments in the development and realization of the country's human capital.

Measuring The Current State Of Intellectual Productivity Among Faculty Members At The Libyan Academy For Postgraduate Studies In Janzour: An Analytical Study

Higher education institutions serve as the source of intellectual enlightenment and are pioneers of development and modernization in societies. They drive economic and social growth. These institutions are distinguished by their focus on education, scientific research, and community service. The success of universities in fulfilling their role depends on the quality and distinction of their faculty members. No university can thrive without the competence of its teaching staff. Faculty members are regarded as the most vital component of the knowledge capital that fuels the institution and are instrumental in achieving its objectives. The academic role of universities extends beyond teaching; it encompasses scientific research and societal development. Notably, developed nations place great emphasis on supporting faculty members, allowing them to dedicate themselves to research that drives progress. Thus, the intellectual productivity of university professors holds significant importance, emphasizing the need to study this aspect. This role is evident in how professors guide the intellectual movement within society, addressing and solving pressing societal issues. Importantly, the intellectual output of university professors is not necessarily tied to the academic promotion system established by universities, as scientific advancement should serve as a motivator for research rather than being the sole objective. The focus of this study centers on the following questions: What is the extent of scientific productivity? How closely is it related to societal issues? And what are the key drivers of scientific productivity among faculty members at the Libyan Academy for Postgraduate Studies?

Strategic Management of Working Capital Components to Firm Profitability: Dual-Model Approach

Strategic Management of Working Capital Components to Firm Profitability: Dual-Model Approach

Keynes and the drunkard under the lamp post: Making sense of Palley

In a recent article, Tom Palley begins his critique of Keynesian economics with the wellknown story of a drunkard who, when searching for his lost keys, looks not in the darkness of the nearby lawn where he misplaced them, but instead under the light cone of a lamp post because, when asked, he replies that’s where the light is. This story serves as a metaphor for the field of economics attempting to understand the workings of the capitalist economy solely through the lens of Keynesian economics. However, this endeavor is ultimately futile as comprehending capitalism requires a different analytical approach: acknowledging social conflict as an essential component of capitalism’s nature better addressed by Kaleckian macroeconomics. We attempt to illustrate that Palley is accurate in emphasizing the paradigmatic differences and even incommensurabilities between Keynes’ monetary production paradigm and the Marxian-Kaleckian social conflict paradigm. This suggests that any classification under the umbrella term “post-Keynesianism” is misleading. However, Palley is mistaken in his assertion that this distinction aligns Keynes’ economics with neoclassical (mainstream) economics, as the acceptance or rejection of social conflict is not the only fault line in terms of ontology. There are other ontological divisions that can exist. Or, to use our metaphor, the lamp post can be moved to different areas of the lawn, indicating different ontological perspectives.

МЕХАНИЗМ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО КАПИТАЛА РЕГИОНА

Effective management of the region’s intellectual capital requires a well defined structure in which all elements are interconnected and regional characteristics are acknowledged. The study aims to develop a mechanism responsible for the intellectual capital of the region. The subject of the study is the intellectual capital of the region. To achieve the aim, the study examines various interpretations of the concept of intellectual capital, with the components of intellectual capital indicated. The influence of intellectual capital on the sustainable development of economic entities is revealed. The study identifies priority areas for supporting the development of regional intellectual capital, such as basic components and components of infrastructure capital. In the Pskov Region, a list of enterprises that form the intellectual capital of the region, which is considered a leading factor in production, is formed. The dynamics of indicators of the components of intellectual capital in the Pskov Region is presented. Theoretical and static methods for processing research data are used. The ambiguity of scientists’ views is revealed through an analysis of their approaches to the formation of the region’s intellectual capital. The authors proposed a mechanism responsible for the intellectual capital of the region in the form of a closed effective interaction of elements of the capital structure, with regional infrastructure playing a significant role. The study focuses on the need to develop innovative approaches to improving intellectual capital. The concepts of intellectual capital and intellectual capital of the region are compared. It is noted that the concept is not unambiguous, since it does not determine how many components of intellectual capital, in addition to the basic ones, should be taken into account. The ambiguity of the concept predetermined differences in the mechanisms responsible for intellectual capital. The mechanism responsible for intellectual capital proposed by the authors clearly shows the interconnection of all its elements, taking into account regional characteristics.

ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ: ПОНЯТИЕ, СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ

The article provides an overview of the state of human capital in Russia, describes the reasons for the slowdown in human capital development and the factors influencing the development of human capital. Particular attention is paid to the issue of investing in human capital. The key components of human capital are the level of education and the level of health care. With the new technological order, the role of researchers and engineers in the country’s economy changes, the role of knowledge workers and the need for specific human capital increase significantly. For any modern enterprise, human capital is one of the main resources for increasing its competitiveness and security in the long term. Therefore, the problem of effective management of the country’s human capital, restoration and renewal of human capital is closely related to the objectivity of its analysis and assessment. The article shows that human capital can contribute to the country’s economic growth both directly — through increasing labor productivity at enterprises, and indirectly — through increasing the efficiency and speed of innovation and knowledge dissemination.

Проблемы формирования кадрового потенциала организаций сельского хозяйства Самарской области

The article is devoted to the study of factors influencing the human resources formation as a component of the agricultural organization human capital. The indicated factors are considered in the context of their correlation with problematic aspects of the agriculture human resources potential formation and development both in the country and in a separate region. In order to identify indirect aspects that affect the agricultural enterprise human capital in Samara region, a SWOT analysis of business conditions in the region and labor market and employment indicators statistical study for the activity relevant type were conducted. The proposed directions for solving the agricultural organizations human resources formation and development problems in Samara region are outlined in the framework of improving and creating regional programs.

Впровадження інтелектуальних ресурсів у стратегічному векторі інноваційного розвитку підприємства

Various approaches to determining the essence of the enterprise's innovative development strategy have been studied. The concept of strategic management of innovative development of the enterprise and directions of innovative development of the enterprise are proposed. The relationship between the directions of innovative development of the enterprise and the components of the intellectual capital of the enterprise is determined. The object and subject of scientific research in the field of strategic management of the innovative development of the enterprise is substantiated. The theoretical and methodological approaches to determining the essence of the innovative potential of the enterprise are considered and systematized. On the basis of systemic and complex approaches, a generalized definition of innovative potential and its structure is proposed, which shows that the innovative component is inherent in all structural elements of the economic potential of the enterprise, as it acts as a supporting element and an internal source of the creation of basic innovations in the process of its management.

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND INNOVATION

Current trends in market globalization, ever-changing economic environments create challenges for companies to increase their competitive advantages through internally generated intangible assets, in order to gain advantages in competitive market conditions, the study of intellectual capital and innovation as competitive differentiating factors becomes relevant. Taking into account the latter, the study of the concepts of intellectual capital and innovation and the identification of their interactions becomes relevant. In relation to the above, this article discusses the components of intellectual capital that promote innovation. The purpose of the article is to present the collaborative foundations and effects of innovation and intellectual capital. The article examines the concept of intellectual capital and its component elements, considers the localization of their sub-components in the context of innovations. In this article, the nature of dynamic developments and trends in the management of intellectual capital and implementation of innovations has been revealed, based on the inevitable necessity of economic developments. It is becoming clear that intellectual capital and innovation have a symbiotic relationship, each influencing the other. Intellectual capital refers to a company's intangible assets, including knowledge, experience, skills, patents, trademarks, and organizational processes. Innovation, on the other hand, involves the creation and implementation of new ideas, goods, processes or services that bring about positive change.In the framework of the research work, an analysis of theoretical material was performed, such research methods as content analysis of documents, analysis method were used. Conducted studies allow us to draw conclusions, the positive organization of intellectual capital and innovation interactions is an important necessity, which at the same time gives a competitive advantage.

Digitalisation in the provision of social services: Rural counties perspective

Digitisation affects all sectors of the economy, including social work. For social service providers (broadly speaking), it is both an opportunity and a challenge. The extent to which professionals manage the use of the digital space for social services has an impact on the accessibility and quality of services for end-users. Technology and innovative digital solutions create opportunities to tackle territorial inequalities and improve the quality of life of people living in rural areas. The provision of social services and assistance is an autonomous function of each municipality. Digital literacy is a component of human capital that includes skills in information flow, communication, safety, content creation, and problem solving in a digital environment. The article presents the results of a study on the digital literacy of social service providers working in rural areas of Latvia. The aim of the study is to find out the self-assessment of digital literacy, understanding, and attitudes towards digitalisation of social services among social service providers. The research instrument is based on the “Citizens’ Digital Competence Framework” (Digi Comp 2.1). The results of the study provide a basis for discussion not only on routine skills in the use of technical tools, but also on a deeper understanding of digitisation in the context of the emergence of a modern information society.