Competitiveness Of Commodities Research Articles

Analysis of Indonesian Cocoa's Competitiveness in the International Market

The cocoa commodity contributes the fourth highest national income after palm oil, rubber and coconut. The cocoa market has great potential as seen from the increase in world consumption, so Indonesia is expected to take advantage of the opportunities available. This study aims to analyze Indonesia's cocoa competitiveness in the international market with several countries that are the largest exporters of selected cocoa products in 2018-2022. The analysis methodology of this research measures the competitiveness of commodities in the global market using a mathematical framework. The analysis is used to process quantitative data. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) is used to determine the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa in the international market. Index of Trade Specialization (ISP) analysis was then conducted to determine the competitiveness position. The results of the RC? analysis show that Indonesia's competitiveness is strong for the commodities of cocoa paste, cocoa fat and cocoa powder, while the cocoa beans are still weak. The results of the ISP calculation for 2018-2022 show that Indonesia is an exporting country for k?k?o paste, k?k?o fat and k?k?o powder, while for k?k?o seeds Indonesia is an importer

Techno-Sociopreneur In Improving Competitiveness of Agricultural Commodities

This paper contributes to providing an understanding of the dynamics of Techno-sociopreneur in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities. First, this paper will explain the concept of Techno-sociopreneur in agricultural development from the beginning of the concept used in a scientific context. Then it will also be explained what are the components forming Techno-sociopreneur development in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities, and what variables will be the novelty of research in Techno-sociopreneur research in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature review system from various best journal sources on Google Scholar, Garba Digital Reference (Garuda), Scinence direct and other relevant sources. The conclusion of this article is to explain the development of the concept of Techno-sociopreneur agricultural development can be categorized into scientific concepts of study, namely a) Innovation, b) Support of Stake Holders, c) Social, Cultural and Economic environment, and d) Empowerment. Research questions for the future related to Techno-sociopreneur based on local economic institutions in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities which point to the context of the impact of Techno-sociopreneur in agricultural development, the role of Techno-sociopreneur based on local economic institutions in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural commodities and Techno-sociopreneur factor based on local economic institutions in increasing commodity competitiveness horticultural agriculture. Because studies on this have not been carried out by previous researchers both in developed countries and in developing countries.

Ensuring the price competitiveness of goods of a wholesale trade organization by optimizing logistics costs when transporting goods over long distances

The article is devoted to the study of the prospects for the influence of logistics cost optimization processes on the possibility of ensuring the price competitiveness of goods of a wholesale trading organization using the example of the sale of craft beer. Aspects of the concept of competitiveness are clarified, as well as levels and factors (price and non–price) that determine competitiveness are identified. In this study, ensuring price competitiveness is disclosed in the structure of commodity competitiveness using the example of craft beer. The problems faced by the wholesale trading company when transporting craft beer over long distances are highlighted. The negative nature of the impact of these problems on the price competitiveness and image of the supplied craft beer is revealed. As an intermediate tool for ensuring the price competitiveness of craft beer, the methodology for transporting goods over long distances is considered. The mechanism and place of the methodology in the structure of ensuring price competitiveness is highlighted. The effects of the implementation of the technique in the conditions of a wholesale trading enterprise are disclosed.

Measuring the competitiveness of commodity markets using price signals and information theory

Technological advancements, abrupt changes in market conditions, and political reforms, among other things, necessitate strong regulatory oversight, and accurate measurement of performance related indicators. The more accurate, information rich, and transparent these measurements/signals, the lower the level of uncertainty felt by value chain participants, who are thus able to recognize and observe whether the market’s state is efficient. Its lack, may lead to indecisiveness, translating into false interpretations that could lead to wrong policy directions. This paper provides an ex-post evaluation tool intending to deliver additional insights or quality information that would aid the regulator in assessing the state of the market. The tool is applied to the UK wholesale natural gas market for the period between 2011 and 2020, assessing and testing the market’s weak-form efficiency. It claims that today’s gas prices reflect a specific type of information, primarily past gas prices, and that only new information can help predict future prices. In this manuscript, based solely on a limited and available untapped dataset (day-ahead price time series), and working under the assumption that gas prices are the result of market processes, a variety of information metrics (gas price randomness, distribution of extreme prices, ability to predict prices - based on historical sets) is extracted with the use of suitable mathematical statistical models. A weighted entropy index is then computed, and measures the state of the commodity market. The results indicate that the analysis has helped gain information, thus reducing uncertainty (relative to a pre-analysis) by 86.5 %. Additionally, there is sufficient evidence that the UK natural gas prices are weak-form efficient.

Competitiveness of the national economy: essence and factors of formation

The social division, organization, and specialization of labor on a national and then international scale has led to the production of economic goods with unique characteristics and trade in them, and the desire for enrichment has caused competition in commodity markets. The processes of globalization and transnationalization of economic relations, the struggle for unevenly distributed and limited resources, have intensified competition between individual producers, corporations, countries, regional associations, and entire nations. As a result, the paradigm of national competitiveness was formed, which is now a strategic focus for the development of most national economies and a basis for the formation of government regulatory policies. Despite a considerable number of scientific publications, the essence of the country's competitiveness remains controversial, and the methodological foundations for its formation and analysis need to be clarified and systematized, etc. The purpose of the study is to systematize and generalize the theoretical and methodological framework for the competitiveness of the national economy and the factors of its formation. The study has shown that over more than 300 years, the economic content of a country's competitiveness has changed dramatically from simple enrichment with valuable metals in the context of severe protectionism in international relations to the paradigm of formation of inclusive institutions, economic growth, and perfect competition, gaining competitive advantages through innovation, digitalization and focus on consumer demand, implementation of global sustainable development goals and ESG-oriented strategies of economic agents. It has been argued that national competitiveness should be understood as an economic category, which means an integrated ability to form, develop, and use available social, economic, cultural, and technological resources to achieve sustainable economic growth based on inclusiveness, increase the welfare of citizens, considering the current challenges of globalization, competition, innovation, digitalization of public life and preservation of ecological balance. Prospects for further research include the study of the theoretical foundations of the formation of countries' competitiveness in the post-industrial world and the development of effective strategies for the competitive development of Ukraine's economy in the postwar period. Keywords: country's competitiveness, competitive advantages, competition theory, competitiveness descriptors, economic theory.

PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF A COMPETITIVE FINANCIAL SERVICES MARKET IN UZBEKISTAN

Since gaining independence, much attention has been paid to competition policy in Uzbekistan. In recent years, the relevance of the problem of developing competition in commodity markets has decreased, but the issue of underdeveloped competition in financial services markets remains unresolved. In this connection, the problem of monopolistically high prices for financial services in these markets remains. In this article, we have identified the main problems of the formation and functioning of the competitive financial services market in Uzbekistan.

Currency or commodity competition? Bitcoin price trends in the post-pandemic era

In the post-pandemic era, two issues including the currency competition between BTC and the US dollar and the competition between the commodity and monetary medium functions of BTC are critical. By applying the Markov switching model, the cyclical nature of the numbers of additional confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths are verified on daily basis. So, these two factors are assumed to follow the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. Then, we estimate parameters to establish the structural characteristics of post-pandemic era and the start of post-pandemic era. In order to clarify these two issues, we use vector autoregression for testing the related macrocosmic and financial variables and BTC. Systematic evidences are provided regarding the relationships among BTC, related macrocosmic, related financial variables, related COVID-19 variables. Our findings provide a useful insight into currency competition and commodity competition on the basis of the impulse response of BTC to US dollar fluctuation and the impulse response of BTC to expected inflation and volatility in the post-pandemic era. These findings indicate increased currency competition between Bitcoin and the US dollar in the post-pandemic era. Therefore, currency competition should be more valued than Commodity Competition in the post-pandemic era. This provides a useful guideline for Bitcoin’s management.

COVID-19 Impact and Policy Response: A General Equilibrium Approach for Egypt

Abstract The economic impacts of COVID-19 were negative across nations but with different degrees depending on the timing, degree of containment measures and the extent of dependency on the world economy. Moreover, the policy response has been heterogeneous across different countries, but mainly addressing urgent and short-term problems without addressing the structural problems that led to the vulnerability of these countries in crisis times. Thus, the objective of this paper is threefold. First, it distinguishes between the supply and demand effects of COVID-19. Second, we examine the key differences between the short and long terms effects of the policies that were adopted. Finally, we modify the model to include the informal labor that was highly affected by the pandemic, and we relax the assumption of perfect competition and replicate the simulations under an imperfect competitive framework in order to see how reforms pertaining to competition policies can alter the adopted policies. To do so, we use a dynamic CGE model calibrated on the Egyptian Social Accounting Matrix of 2014/2015. Our findings show how the Egyptian economy has been relatively vulnerable to external shocks that affect its sources of foreign currency. Yet, most of the effects are temporary and vanish in the long run. Imperfect competition in commodity markets would increase the adverse effects of the pandemic and undermine the effectiveness of public policies.

Analysis of Corn Commodity Competitiveness in Gorontalo Province

Analysis of Corn Commodity Competitiveness in Gorontalo Province

Системні концепти оцінки інтелектуального потенціалу підприємств

The aim of the article is to form system concepts for assessing the intellectual potential of enterprises in modern economic conditions. According to the results of the carried out study, it is found that in today’s dynamic-transformational conditions, where one technology quickly displaces another, and products and services lose their relevance in a short period of time, only those enterprises that constantly produce new knowledge and implement it in new technologies and products achieve success. The most valuable asset in this process is the intellectual potential of enterprises, allowing them to form strong competitive advantages in the changing market of commodity competition and adapt to future competitive changes. Assessment of the intellectual potential of an enterprise is important for measuring its capabilities and determining vector directions for further improvement. The intellectual potential of the enterprise forms the strengths of the enterprise and produces innovative solutions to reduce the level of weaknesses, creates the basis for making sound management decisions and implementing the necessary measures to improve the overall efficiency of enterprise development. An assessment of intellectual potential can help in identifying areas where investment in human capital development, technology, and innovation can be made. By assessing the intellectual potential of an enterprise, management can develop strategies for using its intellectual assets and gaining a competitive advantage in the market. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the fact that for a thorough and detailed assessment in order to effectively use the intellectual potential, it is necessary to consider other methods and approaches that exist in various forms of systems for assessing the potential of enterprise. In scientific research, as a rule, three main approaches to evaluation are considered: cost, performance, and comparative. Since these approaches were used in the assessment of intellectual capital, intellectual property rights and various forms of enterprise potential (including labor potential), it is appropriate and scientifically correct to consider them when assessing the corresponding intellectual potential.

우크라이나의 주요 수출국에 대한 경쟁력 분석 : 해바라기씨유를 중심으로

The paper focuses on structural analysis of Ukrainian export aiming to assess its competitiveness in the major trading countries. The research follows the CMSA (Constant market share analysis) techniques adopted for analysis of exports of a small economy. The effects of changes in the exports of Ukraine will be separated based on two models of constant market share (CMS). The CMS focused on trading country is composed of world’s trading country effect (WDN), Ukraine’s trading country effect (UAN), and Ukraine’s trading country-commodity effect (CAN). The CMS focused on commodity has the world’s commodity effect (WDP), Ukraine’s commodity competitiveness effect (UAP), and Ukraine’s commoditytrading country competitiveness effect(CAP). The results indicate that the competitiveness of Ukrainian sunflower seed oil in the Indian, Dutch and French markets is not only superior to other Ukrainian products, but higher in the Indian, Dutch and French markets than in the global market. However, the competitiveness of Ukrainian sunflower seed oil in the Spanish market is inferior to other Ukrainian products and is lower in the Spanish market than in the global market. This paper shows that the competitiveness of Ukrainian sunflower seed oil in the Chinese market is inferior to other Ukrainian products but is higher in the Chinese market than in the global market.

Влияние интерпретации поведения компаний на подходы к анализу границ товарного рынка

The analysis of the state of competition in commodity markets is formally regulated by Order No. 220 of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia dated April 28, 2010 “On Approval of the Procedure for Analyzing the State of Competition in the Commodity Market”, but in reality, the mechanical adherence to the norms of this document is not enough, since all stages of the analysis, explicitly or implicitly, are based on a certain interpretation of the relationship and behavior of the defendant, the applicant and other affected persons. A vivid illustration is the situation with the provision of wired Internet services for tenants in shopping and entertainment centers. The relevance of this issue is ensured by the presence of antimonopoly cases, which consider the compliance of the provision of such services with antimonopoly legislation. The purpose of the study is to reveal, using the example of the markets for renting premises in shopping and entertainment centers and Internet communications, how the interpretation of the company’s behavior determines the approaches to assessing the boundaries of relevant markets. For this, alternative interpretations of the relationship and behavior of Internet providers (telecom operators), owners of shopping and entertainment centers and tenants are presented; grounds for the proposed interpretations are given; the consequences of applying alternative interpretations to identifying relevant markets and their further analysis in accordance with the requirements of the legislation are described; the key questions for research are highlighted, which can allow one to compare alternative interpretations and choose the one that best corresponds to the essence of the analyzed economic relations. As a result, we show that the analysis cannot ignore the connection between communication services providers, tenants as purchasers of communication services, and owners of shopping centers. Alternative interpretations of this connection are possible from the point of view of the economic essence of these relations and relevant theoretical concepts, but in any case, its economic nature should be studied, including for the purposes of the correct application of legal norms to assess the state of competition in the affected product markets.

Процес формування стратегії SMM-просування: особливості та етапи створення

The article reveals the specifics of using social networks as a business tool for promoting goods and services. Factors of counteraction and successful promotion of the media resource in social networks are identified. The content of the stages of forming an SMM promotion strategy for brand development is identified and justified. The authors hypothetically suggest that there are grounds for increased competition in the commodity markets due to the manifestations of modern megatrends and the need to adapt to the consequences of the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic. Given the complication of the economic situation of commodity markets, the curtailment of online mobility of consumers who have turned to meeting basic needs if necessary, it has become relevant for enterprises to transfer business to an online format through the use of SMM promotion tools. The purpose of the article is to study the process of forming an SMM promotion strategy for business by stages, to reveal the content of its individual stages and factors of influence in the context of increased competition and saturation of commodity markets. Taking into account a certain goal in the work, the task was set and completed: analyze the content based on the specifics of the promotion process in social networks, taking into account the aggravation of competition in commodity markets; reveal the content of the stages of forming an SMM promotion strategy and analyze them, taking into account the specifics of enterprises' activities online. The paper uses the following general scientific and special methods of conducting economic research: abstract-logical (theoretical generalizations and formation of conclusions); inductive and deductive (collection, systematization and processing of information); graphic (visual representation of research results); monographic (systematization of evaluation of criteria for the effectiveness of SMM promotion of goods of enterprises); analytical (analysis of existing tools for promoting goods of enterprises) and others. The paper analyzes the problems of forming SMM promotion in social networks. In particular, attention is paid to the relevance of the problem of using social networks, the study of the stages of developing an SMM strategy based on the behavioral characteristics of users of social networks. A study of existing methods of SMM promotion was conducted, among which targeted advertising, interaction with users, and advertising in communities were considered. It is concluded that the process of forming an SMM promotion strategy consists of the following stages: formulation of the goals and objectives of SMM promotion of goods/brand/enterprise, which are aimed at identifying, focusing and developing key advantages for promoting a unique offer and communicating them to the target audience of users; analysis of the media space in social networks (competitive environment, target audience and product/brand/enterprise promotion offers): competitive analysis and selection of brand positioning features (benefits, key advantages, loyalty) among others; analysis of users and their segmentation by socio-economic, demographic, behavioral and other parameters, forming a user profile, assessing the potential of user involvement in SMM promotion; studying the presence of a product/brand/enterprise offer in the online information space and determining its unique differences; formation of alternative SMM strategies-promotion of a unique sales offer and selection of the optimal one among alternatives (taking into account the format of the final product, budgeting SMM promotion, choice of platform among alternative to promote the SMM project, choice of SMM promotion methods); formation of a content concept; implementation of an SMM campaign; monitoring of effectiveness according to the KPI related to social networks, KPI tracked in Google Analytics, KPI related to the company's profit; KPI related to assessing the completeness of using the potential of online communications and the levels of its effectiveness; coordination with goals and regulation of inconsistencies.

Investigation of mechanical processing during milling

The development of the engineering industry is determined by the efficiency of the technological processes used in it. In a market economy, improving the quality of products and reducing their costs increase commodity competitiveness and lead to further development of production. The quality and cost of the product produced, the simplicity of its design, labor productivity. On the basis of vibration diagnostics, it was found that the average signal amplitude decreased with increasing force and rigidity as the center of the workpiece was approached, as well as a decrease in the vibration frequency, which had a positive effect on the quality of processing and reduced tool wear.

Strategies and Policies To Increase Competitiveness of Cassava in Lampung Province, Indonesia

Cassava is an important commodity and has a strategic role for the Indonesian economy, especially for Lampung Province as the main producer. However, prices and provitas that tend to be low, policies are not in favor of farmers, and weak institutions, so the commodity's is low competitiveness. Government intervention in encouraging the competitiveness of a commodity by providing protection to producing farmers is felt to be very effective, especially for cassava commodities. Therefore, this study aims to analyze appropriate strategies and policies in increasing the competitiveness of cassava commodities in Lampung Province. Therefore, strategies and policies are needed to increase the competitiveness of cassava commodities in Lampung Province. The research was conducted in 2020 in Central Lampung and East Lampung Regencies with a total of 120 farmers as respondents. This research uses policy matrix analysis or PAM analysis and qualitative descriptive. The results showed that cassava has comparative and competitive advantages even though it is low. Therefore, the best policy is needed to increase the competitiveness of cassava commodities. The policy in order to increase the competitiveness of cassava in Lampung Province can be done by increasing output by 20% even though the cost of fertilizer increases by 20%. Some of these policies and strategies can have an impact on production cost efficiency, improve the quality of cassava, increase the quantity of cassava, and increase the income of cassava farmers. Keywords: cassava, competitiveness, improvement policy, PAM, strategy

The Competitiveness of Indonesian Agricultural Products in G-20 Market

Membership in the G-20 forum is both a threat and an opportunity for Indonesian agricultural commodities. Indonesia must be able to take advantage of this great opportunity to increase international trade activities, especially exports. Although the G-20 market is a potential market, Indonesia faces challenges because it is considered not ready to compete and threatened to become a market for other countries. In 2020, Indonesia's agricultural exports (HS 01-24) are in ninth place compared to its competitors in G-20 market. In order to increase the export share, the purpose of this study is to analyze the development of exports from Indonesia to the G20 market and the competitiveness of agricultural products. The analyzes used are descriptive analysis, Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), and Dynamic Revealed Comparative Advantage (DRCA). The results showed that 63.25% of the five selected agricultural export commodities had comparative competitiveness in the G-20 market. From the trend of increasing exports, several countries that become non-traditional markets have the potential as a market diversification destination, including Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Turkey, and Argentina. DRCA analysis shows that the dynamics of the G-20 market are quite large, and some of them are experiencing a decline. The strategy to increase exports to the G-20 market is to maintain the competitiveness of commodities in the rising star quadrant, as well as increase the competitiveness of commodities that are in the lagging opportunity and lost opportunity quadrant due to high global demand for these commodities.

The Influence of Investment On The Economy In Riau Province Indonesia

Economic growth is very important for all countries, one way to increase economic growth is to invest in both Domestic Investment (PMDN) and Foreign Investment (PMA). This study aims to analyze the effect of investment on economic growth in the Province. This research is quantitative research using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, especially in the Province of Riau. The study results show that foreign investment and domestic investment, as well as several superior business sectors in Riau province, basically increase gross domestic product, which means it affects the economic growth of Riau province. The hope is that there is a need for coordination and a clear division of tasks and responsibilities between government units in districts in Riau Province to improve infrastructure services. Carry out a reform agenda in regional regulations. It is necessary to form an official investor forum and be carried out regularly, and Provincial and district governments should integrate policies and investment development programs (investment) following sectors/sub-sectors and highly competitive commodities in the region.

Integrated Village Concept Planning Strategy Through The Potential of Agricultural Commodities (Case Study of Kweel Village, Merauke District)

Agriculture is one of the important sectors supporting the economy of a region, but its contribution tends to decrease every year. In order to support agricultural development, especially in villages, the government applies the concept of regional development with an integrated village approach. This concept can be implemented by knowing the potential and competitiveness of agricultural commodities and conditions in the field. Thus, this study aims to identify the potential and level of competitiveness of superior agricultural commodities and to formulate an integrated village-based regional economic development strategy. The analytical method used is the method of LQ analysis, Shift Share and SWOT. The results showed that superior and competitive commodities included sago, taro and sweet potato in the food crops sub-sector, mustard greens and bamboo shoots in the vegetables sub-sector, matoa, pineapple, bananas in the fruits sub-sector. Coconut and cashew in the plantation subsector and snapper, tilapia and snakehead in the fisheries sub-sector. The strategy that can be applied is the aggressive strategy (S-O), which is facilitating the provision of agricultural production facilities as well as increasing training and policy outreach, especially related to the development of integrated villages.

The Determinants of Exports of Leading Commodities in Encouraging Economic Growth in South Sulawesi Province

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of investment on exports, competitiveness of commodities, bilateral agreements on exports, market penetration of commodities, and the exchange rate on exports to encourage economic growth in South Sulawesi Province. Using a quantitative method with a descriptive analysis approach, carried out by the Province of South Sulawesi in 2021. The data used in this study is secondary, which is time series data for the last 20 years. Secondary data for this study were obtained from a variety of sources, including the World Bank, Uncomradely, and the BPS statistical portal, among others. The data analysis model uses the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCA), the Index of Export Market Penetration (IEMP), and Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). The results of this study are: 1) investment has no significant effect on exports in encouraging economic growth; 2) competitiveness has a significant negative effect on exports in encouraging economic growth; 3) bilateral agreements do not significantly affect exports in encouraging economic growth; 4) market penetration has a significant effect on exports in encouraging economic growth; and 5) the exchange rate has a significant effect on exports in encouraging economic growth.

Unfair competition in commodity markets

Unfair competition in commodity markets