Compensation In Order Research Articles

Effect of Remuneration on Employee Job Satisfaction at the Public Service Commission in Kenya

Over the years, job satisfaction is considered to be one such factor that has attracted the attention of not only government agencies, organizations, businesses, banks, and independent institutions but it has also proven to be an important aspect in academic institutions. In light of the above scenario the Kenya public service is not an exception. Although the mandate of the commission is to provide competent human resource in the public service, low morale and lack of staff motivation has remained a major challenge that Public Service Commission has to endure over the years. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of remuneration on job satisfaction at the Public Service Commission in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The population for this study was 200 Public Service Commission employees. A stratified random sampling technique was employed to select a sample of 132 respondents. A five likert scale questionnaire was used to collect data which was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The study found out that that Remuneration has a statistical significantly effect on employee job satisfaction at the Public Service Commission in Kenya at 95% confidence level. The study concluded that remuneration is an important factor affecting employee job satisfaction at the Public Service Commission in Kenya. The study recommended that the Public Service Commission in Kenya should improve on financial and non-financial compensation and increase employee wages in order to boost employee e satisfaction and enhance performance of public servants. Key Words: Remuneration, Job Satisfaction, Public Service Commission DOI: 10.7176/DCS/10-10-07 Publication date: October 31 st 2020

SIMULATION OF A STATIC SYNCHRONOUS COMPENSATOR FOR A POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM WITH A NON-LINEAR LOAD

The purpose of the work is developing a simulation model of factory’s the power system, with a nonlinear load model, which is a 12-pulses thyristor invertor and a model of a static synchronous compensator, which is multi-level voltage invertor, based on H-bridge invertor. Also defining preliminary parameters for the design of a static synchronous compensator in order to meet the requirements for power factors and limits of voltage harmonic and interharmonic distortion specified for the point of common connection to the mains supply. The analytical and numerical methods of mathematical programming and control of electromechanical systems were used. VisualStudio and PSIM software products for developing a control system for electromechanical systems and compiling a simulation model of an industrial power supply system were used. As a result of the research, a simulation model of the power supply system of an industrial enterprise, a model of a nonlinear load and a static synchronous compensator were developed. The rated power of the static synchronous compensator is determined to reduce the consumption of reactive power and the magnitude of the higher harmonics of the current, at the point of common connection, during operating a non-linear load.

The Financial Dilemma of Students Pursuing an Atmospheric Science Graduate Degree in the United States

AbstractGraduate school provides an opportunity for students to enhance their knowledge and skill sets and to develop the qualifications to seek high-skilled employment. However, many graduate students are plagued with personal and financial stressors that can decrease research productivity and professional growth. With ballooning student loan debt and economic inflation, stakeholders should review the financial well-being of our current and future graduate students with greater frequency to ensure the continued fast-paced advancement of science. This study investigated the annual stipend, university fees, housing costs, cost of living, and the state income tax rate of 39 atmospheric science graduate programs in the United States to determine the effective income for first-year graduate students in the 2020–21 academic year. Results showed a large spread in advertised stipend amounts ranging between $19,139 and $41,520 (USD). After taking into account annual university fees, housing costs, and state income tax and normalizing by the cost of living, effective income had a decreased spread ranging between $12,287 and $25,240. Prospective graduate students should not focus on the advertised stipend when deciding between schools since it does not always accurately represent the affordability of the graduate program. The future of scientific research relies on the next generation of scientists. Therefore, graduate programs across the country should focus on providing fair financial compensation in order to attract students with exceptional research skills who otherwise may leave academia to pursue higher-paying jobs after college.

Harapan korban trafficking terhadap dukungan pemerintah di Nusa Tenggara Timur - Indonesia: Studi kualitatif

The problem of trafficking is a global problem that has a negative impact on the survival of victims. East Nusa Tenggara is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has been categorized as an emergency area for trafficking cases. The poverty and the limited employment opportunities in the NTT region are one of the factors in the increasing cases of trafficking. Trafficking victims need attention from the government for their survival. The role of government and stakeholders to victims of human trafficking is needed to protect and guarantee the rights of victims. This study aimed to explore the expectations of victims of human trafficking regarding government support in handling victims of human trafficking in East Nusa Tenggara-Indonesia. This study used a phenomenological interpretive approach. Six participants were selected using purposive sampling method. Participants were invited to attend in-depth interviews guided by semi-structured interview guidelines. The interview then recorded then analyzed followed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The process began with reading the transcript repeatedly to find keywords from each participant, and then classified into categories and themes that have the same meaning. Five sub-themes were identified, including 1) freeing Indonesian workers from the dangers of trafficking, 2) completing the legal process of all cases in human trafficking, 3 ) preparing employment opportunities, 4) criminals in human trafficking were equally followed a legal process, 5) promoting socialization to the community. Social support from the government is essential. The government plays important role in capturing the hopes of victim, including restitution, compensation, rehabilitation and personal satisfaction in order to regain their rights. Furthermore, all policy makers, law enforcers, community organizations, professional organizations and researchers / academics should take adequate role in efforts to prevent trafficking cases.

SVC device optimal location for voltage stability enhancement based on a combined particle swarm optimization-continuation power flow technique

The increased power system loading combined with the worldwide power industry deregulation requires more reliable and efficient control of the power flow and network stability. Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices give new opportunities for controlling power and enhancing the usable capacity of the existing transmission lines. This paper presents a combined application of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the continuation power flow (CPF) technique to determine the optimal placement of static var compensator (SVC) in order to achieve the static voltage stability margin. The PSO objective function to be maximized is the loading factor to modify the load powers. In this scope, two SVC constraints are considered: the reference voltage in the first case and the total reactance and SVC reactive power in the second case. To test the performance of the proposed method, several simulations were performed on IEEE 30-Bus test systems. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the proposed method to find the optimal placement of the static var compensator and the improvement of the voltage stability.

A Mixed-Method Study on Strategies in Everyday Personal Goals among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Introduction: Although it is well known that preference for selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) strategies is associated with indicators of successful aging and well-being, very little is known about what predicts the use of SOC as goal management strategies in the daily lives of older adults. The present study investigates predictors of self-reported use of SOC strategies in community-dwelling adults. We expected selection and especially compensation to be higher in individuals with worse subjective health and cognitive performance. On the contrary, given that optimization is an anticipatory strategy to increase goal-relevant means in the absence of resource losses, we did not expect optimization to be related to either health or cognition. Methods: We performed hierarchical regression to predict use of SOC strategies to achieve everyday personal goals (assessed qualitatively via semi-structured interviews exploring participants’ personal goals) from subjective health and objective cognitive performance, controlling for age, apathy, and depression. Results: Poorer self-rated health and worse cognitive performance positively predicted compensation as a goal management strategy (R² = 20%), whereas self-rated health just failed to significantly predict selection rates. None of the variables of interest predicted optimization. Discussion/Conclusion: Whereas previous research suggests associations between reduced resources and decreased absolute frequency of compensation use, the present study found that poorer cognitive status and perceived health are both linked to increased reliance on compensation in order to preserve well-being. In line with their anticipatory nature, the use of optimization strategies was independent from health and cognitive resources in our sample. We discuss the absence of conclusive effects regarding selection in this study in light of the distinction between elective and loss-based selection.

Сенсорна інтеграція як метод корекції розладів у дітей

The article reveals the relevance of the sensory development of junior and middle school age. The focus is made on the theoretical aspects of the sensory integration dysfunction; along with it, the basic principles of the recommended correctional work for students having both learning difficulties at school and the sensory integration dysfunction are determined. The aim of the article is 1) to show the specific features of the sensory system development among children of 7–12 years old and how they are connected with the learning difficulties at school; 2) to describe practical recommendations for correctional work in future.Methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the Center for Practical Neuropsychology (Odesa) among students of 7–12 age. To assess the neuropsychological factors, we used the classic set of neuropsychological tests by О. R. Luria; to assess the level of sensory development, we used a questionnaire on the violation of the sensory data reduction process in a child by K. Kranovіtz. The results of the research. Based on the answers to the questionnaire, it was revealed that 51 (62%) children have a violation of the sensory data reduction process, namely: a violation of the modulation of sensations (34%), a violation of the ability to distinguish feelings (21%), motor impairment (60%). Interestingly, according to the results of the neuropsychological tests, the majority of examinees had the kinetic, kinesthetic and optical-spatial factors of the movement organization not properly formed. Considering the results of the survey and the main directions of work of scientists and specialists in sensory integration, we determined the basic principles of the recommended remedial work for students having difficulties at school and sensory integration dysfunction at the same time. Conclusions. Systematic focused work on the schoolchildren’s sensory integration has a significant positive impact on the development of all higher mental functions, thereby improving the organization of all types of children’s activities, success in studying and behavior. The study has shown that the theory and practice of the world and Ukrainian specialists in sensory integration helps to understand, explain and draw up a further remedial program for children having both learning difficulties at school and sensory integration dysfunction. This material can be used to understand how a child can apply various sensory stimuli as a compensation in order to improve attention levels, reduce the effects of stress and increase self-control and learning productivity.

English

English

Anti-Windup PID Controller by ITAE Tuning Rule for Steam Distillation System

In control engineering system, the PID controller is more prefer compared to the other controller. It very simple and easy to develop. Unfortunately, PID controller exhibit a weakness once spike at wind-up region. The wind-up problem is always happen due to inability of compensator to control the phenomenon. The main cause is created in controller design phase; neglect a nonlinearities dynamic. The issue can be solved by implementation of additional integral feedback compensation in order to minimize the effect of windup situation. The wind-up phenomenon can cause high overshoot, long settling time and loss productivity yield. This objective of this research to improve windup situation using backcomputation method tuning by Integral Time Absolute Error (ITAE) tuning rule. The propose ITAEProportional-Integral-Derivative integrated AntiWindup (ITAE-PID-AW) controllers revealed better performances compared to the ITAE-ProportionalIntegral-Derivative (ITAE-PID) controller.

A Guidance Strategy for Strapdown Seeker considering Minimum Field-of-View Angle Constraint

An off-axis strapdown seeker in missile may lead to a minimum field-of-view (FOV) angle constraint problem. The goal of this paper is to deal with the problem in guidance. Analysis of kinematics proves that on the premise of attacking stationary target, seeker look angle comes to 0 before or at the end time, and seeker will lose target finally. In order to reduce the distance of seeker losing target, a guidance strategy is proposed to sustain minimum FOV angle constraint during flight. The strategy can be applied on guidance laws with independent orders in longitudinal and lateral channels. By means of a certain rolling maneuver, it keeps the target in the seeker’s limited FOV. Moreover, a lateral guidance order compensation is utilized in the strategy to maintain seeker look angle. Simulations and comparisons are conducted to demonstrate the strategy’s effectiveness. Results show that the guidance strategy can sustain minimum FOV angle constraint longer than classical guidance method.

Community Involvement and Compensation Money Utilization in Ethiopia: Case Studies from Bahir Dar and Debre Markos Peri-Urban Areas

In this study the involvement of the community during expropriation and the utilization of the compensation money of the expropriated farmers are investigated taking Bahir Dar and Debre Markos peri-urban areas as case studies. Survey research methods were applied for data collection. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics. According to the results, there is high land tenure transformation in both study areas. Even though the majority of the expropriated farmers got compensation payments, most farmers did not use their compensation money to found alternative income generating businesses. Just payment of compensation shall not be an end by itself. Technical and administrative supports for farmers are essential for the proper utilization of the compensation money. Communities affected by expropriation should participate effectively in the processes of expropriation and compensation in order to reduce the externalities of the process. For this to happen, the public authorities should prepare open public consultation meetings prior to expropriation and must exercise smart democracy during the whole period of the process.

Pengaruh Pengendalian Internal, Motivasi, Kompensasi Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of internal control, motivation, compensation and leadership on employee performance at UPTD Cleanliness District Jatiasih Bekasi. For government organizations, the results of this study are expected to contribute to the implementation of internal control, motivation, compensation and leadership in order to improve the quality of UPTD Cleanliness services and achieve the expected organizational goals.Respondents used in this study were cleaning staff UPTD Cleanliness Jatiasih District Bekasi. Data were collected using interviews, questionnaires, and observations. Descriptive analysis method is used to test the hypothesis and structural modeling with the Partial Least Square application, the SmartPLS program version 3.The results showed that: (1) Internal Control had a significant positive effect on employee performance. (2) Motivation has a significant positive effect on employee performance. (3) compensation does not affect employee performance. (4) Leadership has a significant positive effect on employee performance.

Comparative study of semiconductor power losses between CSI-based STATCOM and VSI-based STATCOM, both used for unbalance compensation

In this paper, we present a detailed procedure to determine the semiconductor losses for both structures of a shunt STATCOM (Static Compensator), STATCOM based on Current Source Inverter (CSI) and STATCOM based on Voltage Source Inverter (VSI), both used for voltage unbalance compensation. As a first step, we study the VSI-based STATCOM and the CSI-based STATCOM used in high speed railway substations. Then we analyze the design and the sizing of the unbalance compensator in order to obtain an unbalance factor that does not exceed the limits imposed by the standards or by the energy provider. Following that, we compare the performances obtained with both structures VSI-STATCOM and CSI-STATCOM, after calculating the semiconductor power losses in the STATCOM converters. Finally, we validate our approach by simulation over real data of unbalance compensation caused by the new high-speed railway in Morocco. We use the tools MATLAB / Simulink/Simpowersys for performing our simulations.

Analysis of Quality of Work Life on Employee Satisfaction at BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Sub-Branch Office

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Quality of Work Life (QWL) on job satisfaction in KCP BPJS Ketenagakerjaan in Indonesia. The total population of the study was 203 employees . The study was conducted on BPJS Ketenagakerjaan employees with the position of Public Service and Public Administration with 127 employees. Research respondents were determined using judgmental sampling method . Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires on a Likert scale with the media of google docks, which were distributed through special deputies at the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan . The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The test results QWL simultaneously obtain a positive effect on employee job satisfaction, partially whole variable QWL positive effect unless variable communication has negative significant value to the satisfaction of employees . The limitation in this study is that the QWL discussed only 5 factors out of the 9 QWL factors namely employee participation, career development, communication, appropriate compensation and conflict resolution in order to deepen the results in this study.

Proportional multi‐resonant‐based controller design method enhanced with a lead compensator for stand‐alone mode three‐level three‐phase four‐leg advanced T‐NPC inverter system

This study presents an inverter current sampled double-loop proportional multi-resonant (PMR)-based control technique for three-level (3L) three-phase four-leg (3P4L) advanced T-type neutral point clamped (AT-NPC) stand-alone mode inverter. Apart from the conventional linear controller the PMR controller has the ability to track a sinusoidal reference and does not require any axis transformation. Therefore, the main advantage of the proposed control technique for a 3P4L inverter is to independently control the output phase voltages when feeding a single phase and/or three phase loads. This is achieved by the inverter current sampled double-loop controller with a lead compensator in order to increase the control system phase margin unlike the capacitor current sampled controller. Thus, the harmonic compensation capability of the controller is increased which strengthens the controller against highly non-linear load types. The design procedures of the controller for the system are analytically explained. Then, the steady-state and dynamic performance of the controller is tested in a 3L 3P4L AT-NPC inverter system through many simulations and experimental studies. The results verify the fast-dynamic performance and the achievement of the low total harmonic distortion with a maximum of 2.89% for the 3L 3P4L AT-NPC inverter system even under serious non-linear load type.

Wake symmetrization of a bluff Ahmed body based on sliding mode control

Aerodynamic drag reduction is needed to develop future fuel efficient ground transportation vehicles. Our study targets bluff bodies with wake asymmetries due to natural bistability or cross wind contributing to the drag increase at high velocities. The originality of this work is to apply closed loop control techniques based on sliding mode control theory and a Smith like predictor scheme for delay compensation in order to force the wake symmetry. This non linear controller was tuned thanks to experimental study of pulsed jet actuators placed at the back of a modified Ahmed bluff body and shows that wake symmetrization can be achieved either in aligned or cross wind configurations.

Sliding Mode & Single Input Fuzzy Logic Controllers for Voltage Regulation Of an Asynchronous Wind Turbine Using STATCOM

This paper demonstrate the fiability and the efficiency of a proposed control law based on a combination of sliding mode and single input fuzzy logic controllers, used to command a static synchronous compensator in order to improve voltage profile and stability of an asynchronous wind turbine despite wind speed and load variation. All simulation results as well as the modeling of the wind power system and the design of the proper controllers are described in detail in this document.

Study on Ecological Compensation Mechanism of Railway Construction Projects

Important ecologically sensitive areas are extremely important to maintain regional ecological security. For railway construction projects that cross important ecologically sensitive areas, it is particularly necessary to implement ecological compensation in order to minimize the impact on important ecologically sensitive areas. This article introduces the ecological service function value loss accounting and ecological value loss accounting methods from the perspective of value, and puts forward the system introduction method, technology introduction method and compensation method introduction method of ecological compensation, combining the environmental impact assessment system and ecological compensation mechanism in order to improve the feasibility and operability of ecological compensation.

Effect of Compensation on Turnover among Nursing Employees at National Referral Hospitals in Kenya

The general objective of the study was to establish the effect of compensation on turnover among nursing employees at national referral hospitals in Kenya. The study adopted mixed methods research design and used simple random sampling to select a sample of 315 respondents from the 1779 registered nurses working at the 12 national referral hospitals in Kenya. The unit of analysis was national referral hospitals in Kenya while the unit of observation was registered nurse managers or their equivalent in charge of wards or units at national referral hospitals in Kenya. Positive responses were received as valid from 261 respondents out of the sampled 315 respondents giving an 83% response rate. The analyzed data was presented using frequency tables, charts and graphs. The questionnaire was pilot tested on respondents drawn from national referral hospitals who were not included in the final research. The study generated both qualitative and quantitative data which was collected using Likert scales and was later analyzed descriptively using measures of central tendency and inferentially using correlation tests and multiple regression models. The data obtained was analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Correlation analysis was used to test the direction of relationship between independent and dependent variables. The study found out that compensation contributes positively but significantly to nursing employees’ turnover at these hospitals. The study therefore concluded that it is imperative for the employer of the nursing employees at these hospitals to more emphasis on compensation in order to help curtail and/or manage the turnover of the nursing employees at these hospitals more effectively. This will lead to their retention for longer at these hospitals and hence help improve on the quality of services the nursing employees at these hospitals provide to customers.

Tangible Rewards or Intangible Rewards - Which Play Most Significant Role in Increasing Job-Hopping Behavior in Generation Y Employees in Pakistan?

Job hopping in the modern world is one of the major challenges that can be perceived in the current workforce market in Generation Y. The determination of this exploration is to scrutinize among tangible or intangible rewards, which plays most significant role in increasing job-hopping behavior in Generation Y employees in Pakistan. Tangible rewards were factored in 1. Market Competitive Pay, 2. Monetary Benefits and 3. Performance Incentives, whereas intangible rewards include 1. Quality of Work, 2. Work Life Balance, 3. Inspiration & Values, 4. Organization Environment and 5. Future Growth & Opportunity. The data was collected by means of close ended likert scale based questionnaire from 201 employees who belong to different industries in Pakistan. Confirmatory factor analysis & Structured Equation Modelling were used for the examination. The study found that job hopping is optimistically associated with intangible rewards in Gen Y employees & negatively associated with tangible rewards. This research provides insight to employers which factors must be considered while developing strategies for employees’ compensation and retention in order to retain their competent employees and minimize job hopping behavior in Generation Y employees.