Compensation Procedure Research Articles

Memory reduction of rate-dependent Prandtl–Ishlinskii compensators in applications on high-precision motion systems

Inverse compensation of rate-dependent Prandtl–Ishlinskii operators with finitely many thresholds can be carried out explicitly under some structural conditions. However, if the number of thresholds is very high, the formulas become complicated. A simple and elegant framework for the investigation of such problems encompasses a recently proposed extension of the class of rate-dependent Prandtl–Ishlinskii operators to the case of a whole continuum of play operators with time-dependent thresholds. Indeed, such a theory allows for reducing the number of necessary thresholds in the compensation procedure and estimating the errors of the memory-discrete compensation in terms of the distance between the thresholds and weights of the individual plays. Following these results, our goal in this work is the validation of these theoretical models via numerical simulations and experimental results. In particular, we show that high accuracy of the hysteresis compensation algorithm can be achieved even with a relatively small number of thresholds.

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ВІДШКОДУВАННЯ УПУЩЕНОЇ ВИГОДИ

Background. The research is based on the necessity of addressing complex legal issues related to the compensation for lost profits, particularly those arising from conditions of a state of war. The relevance of such analysis is determined by the need to develop effective mechanisms for compensating lost profits and formulating practical recommendations for its recovery in conditions of legal instability. The aim of this study is to elucidate current approaches to understanding the concept of lost profits and to formulate strategies for addressing the issues of its compensation by determining the criteria for satisfying court requirements for its recovery. Methods. The article is grounded in the provisions of civil legislation of Ukraine and other countries, national and international judicial practice, legal doctrine, employing a comparative legal approach, formal-logical methods, as well as methods of analysis, deduction, and generalization. Results. The study examines the issues of proving and determining the extent of lost profits, analysing existing mechanisms for its compensation in conditions of a state of war due to armed aggression, hostilities, terrorist acts, and sabotage committed by the russian federation. Conclusions. The main problematic aspects regarding the procedure of compensation lost profits are highlighted, focusing in the conditions of such compensation. Emphasis is placed on the problem of proving the existence of elements of a civil offense in the actions of the perpetrator of the damage and the availability of proper, admissible, credible evidence for obtaining compensation for lost profits. It is determined that the assessment of damages suffered by the victims is carried out though analytical evaluation, standardized, independent assessment by appraisal entities recognized by the Law of Ukraine "On the Evaluation of Property, Property Rights, and Professional Evaluation Activities in Ukraine", adhering to national standards for property valuation and International Valuation Standards, taking into account the specifics defined by these General Principles and methodologies for assessing damages and losses. Analysing the experience of previous years, considering legislative novelties and subordinate normative legal acts, practical advice for compensating lost profits due to armed aggression by the russian federation is formed, and ways to obtain such compensation are proposed.

Direktno obraćanje trećeg oštećenog lica osiguravaču i/ili direktna tužba - korak ka održivom osiguranju od odgovornosti

This paper aims to provide a detailed analysis of how an injured party can assert their right to compensation in motor vehicle liability insurance. It covers the procedures for compensating damages both in extrajudicial (out-of-court) processes and in judicial proceedings. The goal is to examine the procedures, rights, and obligations of both the injured party and the insurer in the compensation process for motor vehicle liability insurance. The established procedure for compensation indicates that the Serbian legislator leans towards reducing the number of compensation lawsuits by mandating that the injured party first address the insurer in an extrajudicial (out-of-court) process by filing a claim for compensation.

Світовий досвід повоєнної компенсаційної політики

Today, the government of Ukraine and international and domestic experts estimate the damage from the war in the hundreds of billions of US dollars. However, this is usually a summary assessment data. Object-specific expert evaluation has a single application and requires the development of specific mechanisms for its implementation. The essential basis for this is international experience. Therefore, the article aims to study international reactions to economic challenges caused by war and the generalization of international approaches to the definition and procedures for compensation of losses to enterprises of victim countries caused by armed aggression. The study results confirm the expediency of partially applying the practices of Kuwait to create a corresponding mechanism in Ukraine. The primary basis for financing compensation commissions for the payment of reparations to Ukraine, in particular, confiscated Russian assets and deductions from the aggressor's exports, has been determined. The need to develop low-cost damage assessment methods due to the limited possibilities of professional assessment (limited personnel, financial and time resources) is substantiated. The need for creating a simplified mechanism for recording and assessing losses, which will be available for use by a wide range of specialists and separate sectoral methods of assessing losses (agricultural sector, transport, etc.), was highlighted. The shortcomings of the damage and loss assessment methodology chosen by the Government of Ukraine are substantiated, including the lack of an opportunity to determine and demand compensation for indirect damages (forgotten profit). The hypothesis about the need for revisions and additions in the domestic policy of assessing losses and compensations for the consequences of war, in particular, in terms of focusing on an expert approach in assessment and judicial and arbitration practice of compensations, the introduction of an accounting approach to assessing losses, has been proven.

Особливості грошового забезпечення військовослужбовців і додаткової винагороди в період дії воєнного стану в Україні

This paper intends to determine and systematize the basis, procedure, and conditions for accrual and financial compensation, as well as extra compensation for military personnel during martial law. The methodological basis of the research is a system of general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge, namely: dialectical, formal-logical, systemic-structural, and formal-dogmatic. The legal regulation of financial support and extra compensation for military personnel in Ukraine contains numerous legislative and by law norms. The lasting changes in the legislation, the development of scientific opinion regarding financial support, and the escalation of the war in Ukraine require the systematization of the grounds, procedure, and conditions for accrual and financial compensation, as well as extra compensation for military personnel during martial law. As a result of the study, the author’s own vision regarding the definition of the concept of financial support for military personnel is given. The main grounds, procedure, and conditions for accrual and financial compensation, as well as extra compensation for military personnel during martial law, have been established and systematized. A circle of controversial issues related to financial support and extra compensation, for the resolution of which the military personnel turns to the court, has been highlighted. The conclusions of the scientific research are based on an in-depth analysis of the current Ukrainian legislation, court practice and scientific literature, that reveal the issue on financial support and extra compensation for the military personnel. The results of the study can be used in the future for law-making, research activities of forensic institutions, practical activities, and other purposes.

Civil substantive and procedural legal means of securing reparations for Ukraine

The subject of the study is the forms of reparations for damage and the procedural means of obtaining them within the institutions which constitute transitional justice and which should comply with international standards. The purpose of the article is to determine the directions for institutional changes in the procedure and peculiarities of compensation for damage caused to individuals by the armed aggression of the russian federation, primarily in national courts in the context of legal institutions of transitional justice. To obtain the results of the study, the author used general scientific and special legal methods, in particular, analysis, generalisation, and comparative legal analysis.
 The conditions for balanced fulfilment of transitional justice tasks in the context of fair reparations for victims have been investigated. The legal means aimed at obtaining reparations for damage caused as a result of armed aggression have been considered. The author identifies the types and role of legal immunities and amnesties as means of reconciliation, their conditions of implementation and application in relation to the effectiveness and availability of reparations for gross human rights violations and war crimes. The forms of reparations that should be guaranteed to victims for the relevant crimes have been investigated.
 The results of the study are a new special approach to determining the relationship between substantive and related procedural legal means of transitional justice that may affect reparations at the national level. The role of amnesties and immunities as legal incentives and means of influencing the effectiveness and accessibility of reparations to victims has been identified and generalised. The provisions on ensuring a balanced ratio of private and public interests in the implementation of transitional justice elements have been further developed. The author identifies areas for a balanced combination of legal means and increasing their effectiveness to ensure the goals of transitional justice.
 The results of the study can be used in educational, law-making, law interpretation and law enforcement processes, in particular in civil proceedings in Ukraine. Practical significance lies in the possibility of applying the results in determining procedural ways to protect the rights of victims.

Application of civil law norms on compensation for losses and unjust enrichment in the protection of violated rights in the field of compulsory pension insurance

The article is devoted to the problems of protecting the rights of subjects of compulsory pension insurance. The grounds and procedure for compensation by the policyholder, as well as by the insured person (pensioner) for the amounts of real damage caused to the bodies of the Social Fund of the Russian Federation, in the form of overpaid insurance coverage, are analyzed. The relevance of the provisions of Chapter 60 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation on unjust enrichment when resolving such disputes by courts is also noted, which is permissible due to the direct instructions of the law on insurance pensions. Unlike the insurer, the right of the insured person (pensioner) to compensation for losses is not legally established. However, the provisions of Article 15, Art. 393 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation are in demand when collecting the amounts of an unassigned (unreceived) old-age insurance pension as lost profits from the policyholder or insurer. The need to apply civil legislation is due to the specific nature of the declarative nature of the right to old-age insurance. At the same time, this places the burden on the plaintiff to prove the completeness of the grounds for implementing this measure of legal liability, which reduces the effectiveness of the protection of pension rights. The article formulates proposals for improving the legal regulation of the purpose of insurance coverage for compulsory pension insurance.

STUDY OF LAND MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS AND LAND MARKET DEVELOPMENT

The need to improve the processes of land regulation is related to the problem of rational and effective use of land for various purposes in Ukraine. The issue of the land market is relevant in the conditions of martial law. Expropriation of agricultural land plots continues, agreements are actively concluded.
 The trends observed in the process of land use require new organizational and legal approaches to the regulation of land use and the creation of economic incentives for rational use. A mechanism for activating the land market and land protection in Ukraine is needed.
 The article summarizes the main principles of improving the effectiveness of the use of land of individual households, farms, holdings and the meaning of its assessment indicators.
 The study also examines the main achievements and problems of the land market in Ukraine; problematic aspects of the realization of the tenant's preferential right to purchase a plot of land and the transfer of the lease right without the owner's consent are revealed. The author describes the procedure and problems of compensation for damage caused to land owners by hostilities; raises questions about the territorial organization of agricultural and non-agricultural lands, assessment of the validity of land redistribution, restrictions on land use.
 The informational basis of the research is the materials of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, the State Service of Ukraine for Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre and the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, own research results.
 In the legal aspect, changes in the legislation on increasing the efficiency of land use by individuals and subjects of the state sector of the economy were analyzed. The positive consequences of the implementation of the specified legislative initiatives are indicated. The author emphasizes that land resources are today an element of food security in the conditions of armed aggression and recession of the national economy, which will worsen after the end of the war.

A novel semi‐resolved CFD‐DEM method with two‐grid mapping: Methodology and verification

AbstractThe semi‐resolved Computational Fluid Dynamics coupled with the Discrete Element Method (CFD‐DEM) method has emerged as approach to modeling particle‐fluid interactions in granular materials with high particle size ratios. However, challenges arise from conflicting requirements regarding the CFD grid size, which must adequately resolve fluid flow in the pore space while maintaining a physically meaningful porosity field. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a two‐grid mapping approach. Initially, the porosity field associated with fine particles is estimated using a coarse CFD grid, which is then mapped to a dynamically refined grid. To ensure conservation of total solid volume, a volume compensation procedure is implemented. The proposed method has been rigorously verified using benchmark cases, showing its high computational efficiency and accurate handling of complex porosity calculations near the surface of coarse particles. Moreover, the previously unreported impact of the empirical drag correlation on fluid‐particle force calculations for both coarse and fine particles has been revealed.

The power of price subsidies in Morocco

The Moroccan system of ‘compensation’ subsidises products that are deemed to be important for household purchasing power: butane gas, flour, bread, sugar, and fuel (until 2015). This article offers a historical sociology of this system, which was inaugurated during the colonial period in 1941 and which survived criticism from neoclassical economists working in international financial institutions. It demonstrates that the system’s resilience and the transformations it underwent can be analysed by treating it as a means of exercising power. Subsidies make it possible to involve private actors in governing social issues. It also helps to regulate economic and political rivalries and alliances through market interactions and competitive relationships, including around the King’s Palace. The administrative mechanisms used to calculate the subsidies and the retail prices also shape the relationships between operators in the various sectors, while allowing opaque and rentier management. In addition, despite being the subject of social demand, the compensation system has been criticised by technocrats and protest movements, particularly after the ‘Arab Spring’ revolutions in 2011. The article is based on an analysis of the practical procedures of compensation in the contemporary period, in particular concerning flour and bread, and to a lesser extent butane, as well as on an analysis of the debates and struggles that subsidies has given rise to within Moroccan society, its State administration, and its political parties.

COHERENT DEMODULATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MUTUALLY NOT ORTHOGONAL DIGITAL SIGNALS WITH MANIPULATION IN THE MINIMUM SHIFT KEYING

The article presents the synthesis of a mathematical model of the compensation procedure for coherent demodulation of synchronous mutually non-orthogonal digital signals with manipulation in the minimum shift keying. In the absence of interference this procedure degenerates into the procedure of classical coherent demodulation of digital signals with manipulation in the minimum shift keying. With a significant excess of the instantaneous power of interference over the instantaneous power of useful digital signals with manipulation in the minimum shift keying the immunity of reception of the latter approaches the immunity of reception in a channel with additive white Gaussian noise without interference. This mathematical model can be used in the development of modem compensators that ensure repeated use of the frequency resource, as well as in the development of promising interference -protected radio communication devices.

Investigation of Numerical Simulation for Adaptive Optics System

In this study, the performance of the adaptive optics (AO) system was analyzed through a numerical computer simulation implemented in MATLAB. Making a phase screen involved turning computer-generated random numbers into two-dimensional arrays of phase values on a sample point grid with matching statistics. Von Karman turbulence was created depending on the power spectral density. Several simulated point spread functions (PSFs) and modulation transfer functions (MTFs) for different values of the Fried coherent diameter (ro) were used to show how rough the atmosphere was. To evaluate the effectiveness of the optical system (telescope), the Strehl ratio (S) was computed. The compensation procedure for an AO system was implemented. Analytical analysis was used to define the wave front and aberrations of the circular aperture telescope. Zernike polynomials were used to describe the residual error and figure out how much the compensation changed the measured turbulence values. The results of the computer simulation involving atmospheric turbulence reveal that elevating the ro values (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32) cm resulted in a 3.4% rise in S. However, when the adaptive optics system operated with a constant ro (20 cm), augmenting the Zernike aberration modes led to a remarkable 44% increase in S, signifying a substantial enhancement in the compensation procedure.

Influence of Compensation Procedural Fairness and Employee Engagement on Workforce Agility and Its Impact on Employee Performance

Purpose – The objective of the research is to examine the influence of compensation procedural fairness and employee engagement on workforce agility and its impact on employee performance at BPS Sulawesi Barat Province.
 Methodology/approach – The causality associative research approach is used in this research design. The Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) approach is used in this study for quantitative analysis, while graphs and tables are used for descriptive analyses. The primary data used in this study was obtained from 139 respondents throughout the entire BPS Sulawesi Barat Province's units.
 Findings – The findings imply that compensation procedural fairness and employee engagement have significant effects on employee performance. Additionally, fairness in the compensation procedure and employee engagement through workforce agility substantially impact employee performance. Meanwhile, compensation procedural fairness was found to have no direct significant impact on employee performance. These findings differ from previous studies.
 Novelty/value – BPS Vision as the quality data provider for advanced Indonesia, must ensure the fulfilment of the demand of data users. In addition, the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) conditions of the workplace made employee engagement, workforce agility, and compensation procedural fairness necessary to respond to challenges. This study is particularly new in government data provider organisations; therefore, the conclusions are crucial for planning and evaluation.

Elective spinal surgery in New South Wales adults, 2001-20, by procedure funding type: a cross-sectional study.

To investigate elective rates of spinal fusion, decompression, and disc replacement procedures for people with degenerative conditions, by funding type (public, private, workers' compensation). Cross-sectional study; analysis of hospitals admissions data extracted from the New South Wales Admitted Patient Data Collection. All adults who underwent elective spinal surgery (spinal fusion, decompression, disc replacement) in NSW, 1 July 2001 - 30 June 2020. Crude and age- and sex-adjusted procedure rates, by procedure, funding type, and year; annual change in rates, 2001-20, expressed as incidence rate ratios (IRRs). During 2001-20, 155 088 procedures in 129 525 adults were eligible for our analysis: 53 606 fusion, 100 225 decompression, and 1257 disc replacement procedures. The privately funded fusion procedure rate increased from 26.6 to 109.5 per 100 000 insured adults (per year: IRR, 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.07); the workers' compensation procedure rate increased from 6.1 to 15.8 per 100 000 covered adults (IRR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06); the publicly funded procedure rate increased from 5.6 to 12.4 per 100 000 adults (IRR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06), and from 10.5 to 22.1 per 100 000 adults without hospital cover private health insurance (IRR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05). The privately funded decompression procedure rate increased from 93.4 to 153.6 per 100 000 people (IRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03); the workers' compensation procedure rate declined from 19.7 to 16.7 per 100 000 people (IRR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-0.99), and the publicly funded procedure rate did not change significantly. The privately funded disc replacement procedure rate increased from 6.2 per million in 2010-11 to 38.4 per million people in 2019-20, but did not significantly change for the other two funding groups. The age- and sex-adjusted rates for privately and publicly funded fusion and decompression procedures were similar to the crude rates. Privately funded spinal surgery rates continue to be larger than for publicly funded procedures, and they have also increased more rapidly. These differences may indicate that some privately funded procedures are unnecessary, or that the number of publicly funded procedures does not reflect clinical need.

Assessment of the dichotomy between public ownership of land, expropriation laws and practices in Ethiopia: the case of Burayu town

PurposeThis study aims to investigate key aspects of public ownership of land, expropriation and compensation laws and practices in Ethiopia with special reference to Burayu Town.Design/methodology/approachA mixed research technique of descriptive and analytic approach is applied in the research. This study used a purposive sampling technique to select case study counties and a systematic method for sampling households. Questionnaire surveys, focus group discussions, interviews and observations were used to collect empirical data. Average, percentage and paired-sample t-test analyses are used for quantitative data analysis.FindingsSignificant discrepancies exist between the expropriation laws and how property valuation and compensation are practiced in Ethiopia. The findings include the arbitrariness in designating public interest status to projects; unfair property valuation practice that neglects location factor to determine market value due to a skewed understanding of public ownership of land; and the assignment of property valuators who have no valuation expertise and proper knowledge of expropriation related laws. Findings revealed the socio-economic status of expropriated households has deteriorated due to the expropriation of their landholding.Research limitations/implicationsIt was difficult to locate the relocated persons as they were resettled in different localities. Furthermore, the town officers were not forthcoming to provide complete information on the expropriation and compensation procedures they followed. However, this study overcame the limitations through persistent requests and availing time for the data gathering.Practical implicationsThe findings indicated the need to redefine relationships between public ownership of land, public interest and expropriation of landholding. A proper understanding of the triad will pave the way for better expropriation practice in Ethiopia and in countries where land is under public ownership.Social implicationsThe social implication of the study revealed that the socio-economic situation of relocated persons was adversely affected due to the poor implementation of laws.Originality/valueThe disparity between public ownership of land and the rights of citizens on landholding is misunderstood by policymakers. Research has shown for the first time the root cause for the discontent of expropriated persons in Ethiopia.

PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY INSURANCE OF MEDICAL WORKERS IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The article is devoted to a close analysis of the legal prerequisites of the system of professional liability insurance of medical workers being introduced in the Republic of Kazakhstan. To achieve this goal, the authors conducted a review of the best world practices, foreign legal models of the use of insurance for legislative protection of medical workers from the risks of professional responsibility. The article summarizes the material related to the legal basis of this type of insurance in the country, the procedure for insurance and compensation for damage caused, the scope of the powers and responsibilities of the parties involved in insurance. According to the plan, starting from 2023, it is proposed to introduce compulsory insurance at the expense of employers, and from 2025 – joint insurance, which provides for the distribution of the amount of the insurance premium between a medical organization and a medical worker, which will lead to general professional responsibility, will have a positive impact on improving the quality of services provided, will become an effective tool for reducing conflict in medical organizations. Considerable attention is paid in the article to the models of professional liability insurance of medical workers in Turkey, Canada, Sweden. In this regard, the authors investigated the role of mutual insurance societies and specialized medical associations in concluding professional liability insurance contracts in these countries. This approach allows the authors to consider the possibilities of applying successful foreign practices in Kazakhstan and identify promising areas of their legal support. The article reveals the problems of10.52026/2788-5291_2023_73_2_53 determining the maximum amount of the insurer's liability for an insured event at the initial stage of the introduction of the insurance system, procedural provision of insurance payments and other guarantees provided by law. As a result of the study, the authors put forward a hypothesis about the need to consolidate the joint responsibility of a medical worker and a medical institution, which will ensure the mutual interest of all subjects of the healthcare system in providing quality services to the population.

Financial liability of the employer under the legislation of foreign countries

This article research the peculiarities of the legal regulation of the employer’s material responsibility as a party to an employment contract. The main problems of legal regulation of bringing the employer to material responsibility according to the current legislation on labor of Ukraine are outlined. In order to find ways to improve the current domestic labor legislation, the foreign experience of the legal regulation of bringing the employer to material responsibility was summarized (grounds, procedure for compensation of property damage caused to the employee, grounds for exempting the employer from material responsibility), as well as proposals for improving the legislation on labor of Ukraine. In particular, it was concluded that the current labor legislation of Ukraine does not contain provisions regarding the employer’s material responsibility for the damage caused to the employee. Since Chapter IX “Guarantees in the event of assigning material responsibility to employees for damage caused to the enterprise, institution, organization” provides rules exclusively on the material responsibility of one party to the employment contract - the employee. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the draft Labor Code of Ukraine No. 2410 provides provisions on the material responsibility of the employer, but the relevant norms need to be revised.In the process of writing the article, the legal framework, judicial practice and achievements of legal doctrine regarding the regulation of the employer’s material responsibility in such countries as Belgium, Great Britain, Spain, France and the United States of America were studied. During the writing of the article, general and special methods of learning social processes and legal phenomena were used, including formallogical, dialectical, system-functional and comparative-legal and other methods.Taking into account the experience of foreign countries in the field of legal regulation of the employer’s material responsibility, it was established the need to supplement the provisions of the current labor legislation of Ukraine with provisions on the employer’s material responsibility. Conclusions were made about the expediency of legislative consolidation of both general provisions on holding the employer to material responsibility and special cases of holding the employer to material responsibility.

ЦИФРОВА ФІНАНСОВА ГРАМОТНІСТЬ: КОМПОНЕНТИ ТА МЕТОДИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ

This article is dedicated to the topic of financial literacy and its development in the context of the digitization of financial services. Traditional financial literacy is insufficient for effectively utilizing financial resources in today's digital world. The concept of digital financial literacy is introduced. It combines the skills of using financial services and the use of digital technologies. In the article is proposed authors’ definition of digital financial literacy by components, which include awareness of digital financial products and services, awareness of potential digital financial risks, control over them, and knowledge of the rights of consumers of financial services. These components are crucial for the development of digital financial literacy. The article highlights potential security risks, such as digital fraud, technical failures, and excessive reliance on digital services. The importance of understanding digital footprint and online reputation is emphasized. The article provides simple principles to help users protect their personal information and avoid fraud. It explains the need for understanding consumer rights and compensation procedures to enable individuals to protect their rights. Understanding these aspects of digital financial literacy is essential for effectively managing financial resources in today's digital world. Research conducted in 2021 showed that technology users have a higher level of financial literacy compared to those who do not use technology. However, the overall level of financial literacy in Ukraine is still insufficient for making informed financial decisions. The National Bank of Ukraine, the Ministry of Digital Transformation and other international, governmental, and non-governmental organizations are focusing on the development of financial literacy among the population. It is recommended to focus on the development of digital financial literacy, using communication campaigns, sharing information about providers of digital financial services, financial education initiatives, and awareness-raising about digital crimes and consumer rights in financial services.

A finite compensation procedure for a class of two-dimensional random walks

Motivated by queueing applications, we consider a class of two-dimensional random walks, the invariant measure of which can be written as a linear combination of a finite number of product-form terms. In this work, we investigate under which conditions such an elegant solution can be derived by applying a finite compensation procedure. The conditions are formulated in terms of relations among the transition probabilities in the inner area, the boundaries as well as the origin. A discussion on the importance of these conditions is also given.

The Influence of Work Motivation, Compensation, and Work Procedures on Job Satisfaction and Field Extension Performance Family Planning in South Sulawesi

Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of (1). Analyzing and interpreting the impact of work motivation on job satisfaction of family planning instructors (PLKBs) in South Sulawesi. (2) Analyzing and interpreting the impact of compensation on PLKB job satisfaction in South Sulawesi. Theoretical framework: The theoretical implication is that this study integrates the theory of reinforcement of motivation and self-determination to investigate the determinants of extension worker performance. The theory of motivational reinforcement was put forward by Skinner (2014), who states that behavior is influenced by its consequences. Design/methodology/approach: The research methods used in this study are descriptive analysis and SEM (structural equation modeling) analysis using the AMOS program. The research method used is a survey research method, i.e., primary data collection using a questionnaire (Suzerweni, 2020: 13). A representative of the Regional Family Planning Agency (OPDKB) of the National Family Planning Population Organization of South Sulawesi developed the questionnaire to measure job motivation, compensation, work methods, job satisfaction, and employee performance. Findings: The results of the study show that (1). Job motivation (X1) has a direct positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Compensation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (3). Work methods have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction (4). Expanding work motivation has a positive and negligible impact on employee performance. Research, practical and social implications: The summary of the discussion of the results of this study is that according to the results of the research analysis, each observation is described in a coherent manner based on the interpretation of the effect between variable variables and variable indicators, then supported by several relevant theories and links to several previous studies. Originality/Value: Compensation indirectly has a positive and significant impact on the performance of extension workers. Indirect expansion of work approaches has a positive and not significant impact on employee performance.