Comparison Of Data Research Articles

Background experiment of the low energy x-ray telescope detectors on insight-HXMT

The low energy x-ray telescope (LE) is one of the main instruments of the insight-hard x-ray modulation telescope, the first x-ray astronomical satellite of China. The scientific objectives of the LE focus on the scanning and pointed observations of the x-ray sources in the soft x-ray band (1–13 keV). In order to complete the observation tasks and accurately analyze the background information of the LE, it is essential to obtain the background data of the detectors. Therefore, we designed an LE background experiment. The experiment began with an underground background experiment in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory with a rock of a thickness of 2400 m, followed by a ground background experiment. These two experiments lasted for a long time, and through comparison and analysis of the background data, it was found that underground laboratories significantly shielded cosmic rays. In addition, the background of detectors in the underground experiment was more than one order of magnitude lower than that in the ground experiment. The experiments also revealed multiple x-ray fluorescence peaks of various elements in the background, including silicon from the detector itself, erbium in the ceramic substrate, and copper in the mounting plate. The anti-coincidence design of detectors was observed to reduce the x-ray fluorescence peaks of silicon. By comparing the background flux obtained with the background flux in the orbit, it was found that the background generated by radioactive substances inside the LE detector is very low. Within the energy range of less than 7.5 keV, the flux in the orbit is about 0.012 counts/s/keV, the ground flux is ∼3 × 10−3 counts/s/keV, and the underground flux is about 1.5 × 10−4 counts/s/keV. However, the flux in the orbit significantly increases above 7.5 keV, which does not occur in both the ground and underground background experiments. These results provide reference and guidance for scientific teams and instrument teams to analyze the data of the low energy x-ray telescope.

Comparison of clinical data between the proximal femoral bionic nail (PFBN) and hip replacement for the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture.

The aim of this study was to compare the difference between proximal femoral bionic nail (PFBN) and hip replacement (HR) for femoral intertrochanteric fracture. A retrospective analysis of the differences in operative time, length of stay, postoperative Harris score, and postoperative mortality between patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture treated by PFBN and HR admitted to Jinzhai County People's Hospital from October 2020 to September 2022 was performed. A total of 56 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture, 26 with PFBN and 30 with HR, were included in the study. There were no differences in the length of surgery, pre- and post-operative hemoglobin, or post-operative Harris score at 3 months between the two groups. Compared to the HR group, the PFBN group had a lower total cost, shorter hospital stays, and lower mortality but a longer ambulation time, with a difference of 3.36 weeks. PFBN may be a promising new treatment for femoral intertrochanteric fracture.

Calculations of the diffusion coefficients in gases and liquids by the molecular dynamics method

In this paper the calculation results of the diffusion coefficients in gases and liquids by the method of molecular dynamics are presented. The modified intermolecular Lennard-Jones potential has been used. The diffusion coefficients dependences on temperature and density have been calculated. Using the diffusion coefficients dependence on temperature it has been found, that the collisional mechanism in rarefied and dense gases changed for the collective one in liquids. In the field of the thermodynamics parameters of two phase coexistence, drops of liquid occur in the vapour or bubbles occur in the liquid. The comparison of the experimental data with our calculations results in a satisfactory agreement.

Salinity-induced succession of phototrophic communities in a southwestern Siberian soda lake during the solar activity cycle

A variety of lakes located in the dry steppe area of southwestern Siberia are exposed to rapid climatic changes, including intra-century cycles with alternating dry and wet phases driven by solar activity. As a result, the salt lakes of that region experience significant fluctuations in water level and salinity, which have an essential impact on the indigenous microbial communities. But there are few microbiological studies that have analyzed this impact, despite its importance for understanding the functioning of regional water ecosystems. This work is a retrospective study aimed at analyzing how solar activity-related changes in hydrological regime affect phototrophic microbial communities using the example of the shallow soda lake Tanatar VI, located in the Kulunda steppe (Altai Region, Russia, southwestern Siberia). The main approach used in this study was the comparison of hydrochemical and microscopic data obtained during annual field work with satellite and solar activity data for the 12-year observation period (2011–2022). The occurrence of 33 morphotypes of cyanobacteria, two key morphotypes of chlorophytes, and four morphotypes of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria was analyzed due to their easily recognizable morphology. During the study period, the lake surface changed threefold and the salinity changed by more than an order of magnitude, which strongly correlated with the phases of the solar activity cycles. The periods of high (2011–2014; 100–250 g/L), medium (2015–2016; 60 g/L), extremely low (2017–2020; 13–16 g/L), and low (2021–2022; 23–34 g/L) salinity with unique biodiversity of phototrophic communities were distinguished. This study shows that solar activity cycles determine the dynamics of the total salinity of a southwestern Siberian soda lake, which in turn determines the communities and microorganisms that will occur in the lake, ultimately leading to cyclical changes in alternative states of the ecosystem (dynamic stability).

Correlation macroeconomic, government efficiency, infrastructure, and climate change vulnerability: a cross-country analysis

The government is required to take proactive steps to participate in interventions that strengthen resilience in response to climate change as SDG 13: Climate Action. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the correlation of government performance, in the form of macroeconomic performance, efficiency, and infrastructure availability with vulnerability to climate change. Data were analyzed from 2021 to 2022 for 57 countries and the variables used were macroeconomic performance, government efficiency, infrastructure, and vulnerability. Furthermore, vulnerability variable has three dimensions, namely susceptibility, lack of coping capacities, and lack of adaptive capacities. The data used in this study were sourced from reputable references, such as World Competitiveness Yearbook and World Risk Report. For data analysis, correlation and comparison tests were judiciously applied. The results showed that macroeconomic performance, government efficiency, and infrastructure were negatively correlated with vulnerability. Macroeconomic performance and government efficiency variables had the strongest moderate correlation with climate change vulnerability, while infrastructure had a moderate to strong correlation. The results recommended a policy of providing infrastructure in vulnerable areas since economic performance could not guarantee resilience to climate change.

Coping trajectories of intensive care nurses as second victims: A grounded theory

A qualitative study that provides evidence of the institutional support required by intensive care unit (ICU) nurses as second victims of adverse events (AEs). BackgroundThe phenomenon of second victims of AE in healthcare professionals can seriously impact professional confidence and contribute to the ongoing occurrence of AEs in hospitals. ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to describe the coping trajectories of second victims among nurses working in ICUs in public hospitals in Chile. MethodsConducting qualitative research through the grounded theory method, this study focused on high-complexity hospitals in Chile, using theoretical sampling. The participants consisted of 11 nurses working in ICUs. Techniques used included in-depth interviews conducted between March and May 2023, as well as a focus group interview. Analysis, following the grounded theory approach proposed by Strauss and Corbin, involved constant comparison of data. Open, axial, and selective coding were applied until theoretical data saturation was achieved. The study adhered to reliability and authenticity criteria, incorporating a reflexive process throughout the research. Ethical approval was obtained from the ethics committee, and the study adhered to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research. ResultsFrom the interviews, 29 codes were identified, forming six categories: perception of support when facing an AE, perception of helplessness when facing an AE, initiators of AE, responses when facing an AE, professional responsibility, and perception of AE. The perception of support when facing an AE emerged as the main category, determining whether the outcome was stagnation or overcoming of the phenomenon after the AE. ConclusionsFor the coping process of ICU nurses following an AE, the most crucial factor is the support from colleagues and supervisors.

Integration of Industry and Education Leads to High Quality Employment for China’s Secondary Tourism Students

Under the double background of the 20th Party Congress re-emphasizing the deepening of the integration of industry and education as well as the official implementation of the new Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic of China, the trend of relying on vocational education for industrial development and upgrading has become unstoppable. Tourism is a pillar industry of China's economy, and tourism employees not only need to have good professional qualities, but also need to have standardized job service skills, and even more need to adapt to the relevant requirements of intelligent tourism in the information age. Employment is the basis of people's livelihood, and the high-quality development of employment is an effective guarantee for building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Combining the data comparison and analysis of the employment salary of secondary tourism students with the national average salary of all industries from 2013 to 2022, it is found that the employment of secondary tourism students has not yet formed a high-quality development, and then according to the development mode of integration of industry and education, it tries to put forward measures to lead the high-quality development of the employment of secondary tourism students, and cultivate high-quality applied talents for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

A comparison of adenosine triphosphate with other metrics of microbial biomass in a gradient from the North Atlantic to the Chesapeake Bay

A new, simplified protocol for determining particulate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels allows for the assessment of microbial biomass distribution in aquatic systems at a high temporal and spatial resolution. A comparison of ATP data with related variables, such as particulate carbon, nitrogen, chlorophyll, and turbidity in pelagic samples, yielded significant and strong correlations in a gradient from the tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay (sigma-t = 8) to the open North Atlantic (sigma-t = 29). Correlations varied between ATP and biomass depending on the microscopic method employed. Despite the much greater effort involved, biomass determined by microscopy correlated poorly with other indicator variables including carbon, nitrogen, and chlorophyll. The ATP values presented here fit well within the range of ATP biomass estimates in the literature for similar environments. A compilation of prior research data from a wide range of marine habitats demonstrated that ATP values can be ranked according to broad trophic gradients, from the deep sea to eutrophic inland waters. Using a mass-based conversion factor of 250, the contribution of biomass to overall particulate organic carbon (POC) ranged from 15% to 30% along the gradient, from the open ocean to locations in the Chesapeake Bay respectively. Our data corroborate the notion that ATP, due to its consistency and simplicity, is a promising high-throughput indicator of cytoplasm volume with distinct benefits over cell counts and measures of chlorophyll or POC.

Techniques for obtaining and mathematical modeling of polarization curves in microbial fuel cells

Over the past years the performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has significantly improved. However it is still necessary to increase the efficiency in order to make their scaling-up viable. Obtaining polarization curves (PCs) is considered a widely accepted methodology to characterize the electrical efficiency of MFCs. Through PCs it is possible to identify the main potential losses that limit the system, as well as irreversibilities of energy production, so that better operational and constructive conditions can be proposed. This work reviews techniques for obtaining PCs from MFCs, as well as for the interpretation of these curves. It also provides a discussion about the mathematical modeling strategies of PCs as a methodology for obtaining insights into electrochemical phenomena and their effects on MFCs performance. Thus, this study seeks to contribute to the discussion on MFCs characterization for the improvement of these devices and regarding the establishment of better conditions for reproducibility and comparison of polarization data. Furthermore, it hopes to serve as a reference for researchers who want to perform, interpret and model PCs from their own MFC systems.

Long term studying of uranium and radium-226 activity in drinking water in some regions of Ukraine and assessment of corresponding hypotetical irradiation doses

The article summarizes the activity concentrations data of 226Ra and the sum of uranium isotopes (∑U) in samples of drinking underground water for different regions of Ukraine studied during 1998–2023 in the radiation monitoring laboratory of the State Institution "O.M. Marzieiev Institute of Public Health National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine. Arithmetic mean and standard deviations, minimum and maximum values for 226Ra and ∑U activity concentrations are presented for the entire 1240 sample set and for each region separately. Collected data show that the established state permissible level for drinking water of 1.0 Bq/l is exceeded for 226Ra in 1.1% of the studied samples, and for ∑U—in 3.9% correspondingly. The detected high levels of 226Ra and ∑U activity concentrations correspond to certain regions belonging to the Ukrainian crystalline shield territory. A comparison of the current data with the data of previous studies held during of 1989–1991 indicates a significant difference: for the previous studies the average and standard deviations are much higher. We attribute this to the fact that the centralized sampling of previous studies was random, and it was related exclusively to communal water supply systems. At the same time, the current sample set covers a much larger number of regions, different water consumers; the data set includes the results of repeated studies for a large number of sources, in particular, sources with purified water. Hypothetical exposure doses caused by consumption of 226Ra and ∑U in water for the current sample set were estimated for different age groups for each sample studied, as is, without taking into account the pattern of water consumption. The corresponding dose exceeds the WHO recommended value of 0.1 mSv per year for children under the age of one year for 220 cases (17.7%). This dose limit excess for other age groups corresponds—for children: aged 12–17 years—13.1%, aged 1–2 years—7.4%, 7–12 years old—5.6%, 2–7 years old—3.9% and for adults—4.1%.

An efficient algorithm for areal morphological filter

This article discusses morphological filtering for assessing a areal parameters of a texture of engineering products. A data organization structure has been proposed that makes it possible to increase the efficiency of an iterative algorithm for enumerating a surface coordinates. Morphological filters complement the standard Gaussian filter to evaluate the functional properties of a surface. The widespread use of the areal morphological filtering in metrological practice is currently hampered by the lack of an effective algorithm. An algorithm based on a matrix representation of morphological operations on the surface coordinates is presented. For this purpose, different indexing of points on a primary surface and a structuring element has been introduced. A sphere or flat segment is used as the structuring element. The high performance of the developed algorithm is ensured due to the fact that all calculations are carried out by enumerating the surface coordinates in one pass, without nested loops, as in some other algorithms. Algorithms for morphological operations of dilation and erosion are presented, on the basis of which a closing and opening filters are constructed. Simulations carried out for various data sets and comparison with known morphological filtering algorithms confirmed the high efficiency of the designed algorithm. The results obtained can be used to analyze the functional properties of product surfaces.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NUMBER OF ON-TIME RENEWAL OF LICENSES IN A GOVERNMENT REVENUE GENERATING AGENCIES IN THE PHILIPPINES FROM MAY TO AUGUST 2022, 2023

This study aims to analyze the on-time renewal of licenses in a Philippine government agency between 2022 and 2023, focusing on the impact of weekend operations. The conceptual model suggests that extended operating days lead to better service quality and increased revenue. The operational framework involves data comparison using unpaired t-tests and descriptive statistics. Assumptions include an expected increase in on-time renewals with weekend operations. The hypothesis predicts a higher renewal rate in 2023. The research design employs a descriptive and quantitative approach. Data obtained ethically undergoes analysis using an unpaired t-test. Results indicate a significant increase in on-time renewals in 2023, supporting the hypothesis. Recommendations include strategies for the government to optimize licensing office hours and encourage timely renewals. License holders are advised to capitalize on the extended period, and future researchers are encouraged to explore broader datasets for comprehensive analyses.

Quinoline, Indole, and Isogranatanine Alkaloids from Malayan Leuconotis eugeniifolia.

Nine new alkaloids, eugeniinalines A-H (1-8) and (+)-eburnamenine N-oxide (9), comprising one quinoline, six indole, and two isogranatanine alkaloids, were isolated from the stem-bark extract of the Malayan Leuconotis eugeniifolia. The structures and absolute configurations of these alkaloids were established based on the analysis of the spectroscopic data, GIAO NMR calculations, DP4+ probability analysis, TDDFT-ECD method, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Eugeniinaline A (1) represents a new pentacyclic quinoline alkaloid with a 6/6/5/6/7 ring system. Eugeniinaline G (7) and its seco-derivative, eugeniinaline H (8), were the first isogranatanine alkaloids isolated as natural products. The known alkaloids leucolusine (10) and melokhanine A (11) were found to be the same compound, based on comparison of the spectroscopic data of both compounds, with the absolute configuration of (7R, 20R, 21S). Eugeniinalines A and G (1 and 7) showed cytotoxic activity against the HT-29 cancer cell line with IC50 values of 7.1 and 7.2 μM, respectively.

Decoding the universal human chromatin landscape through teratoma-based profiling.

Teratoma formation is key for evaluating differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into embryonic germ layers and serves as a model for understanding stem cell differentiation and developmental processes. Its potential for insights into epigenome and transcriptome profiling is significant. This study integrates the analysis of the epigenome and transcriptome of hESC-generated teratomas, comparing transcriptomes between hESCs and teratomas. It employs cell type-specific expression patterns from single-cell data to deconvolve RNA-Seq data and identify cell types within teratomas. Our results provide a catalog of activating and repressive histone modifications, while also elucidating distinctive features of chromatin states. Construction of an epigenetic signature matrix enabled the quantification of diverse cell populations in teratomas and enhanced the ability to unravel the epigenetic landscape in heterogeneous tissue contexts. This study also includes a single cell multiome atlas of expression (scRNA-Seq) and chromatin accessibility (scATAC-Seq) of human teratomas, further revealing the complexity of these tissues. A histology-based digital staining tool further complemented the annotation of cell types in teratomas, enhancing our understanding of their cellular composition. This research is a valuable resource for examining teratoma epigenomic and transcriptomic landscapes and serves as a model for epigenetic data comparison.

A Comprehensive Study on the Digestive Endoscopic Technique and Narrow-Band Imaging for Early Gastric Cancer Screening

Objective: To explore the implementation of gastrointestinal endoscopy technology and endoscopic narrow-band imaging (NBI) in the early screening of gastric cancer and to observe and study their application effects. Methods: During the period from March 2023 to August 2023, 312 patients who received gastroscopy in the Kunming Guandu District People’s Hospital were selected, and they underwent both conventional gastroscopy and endoscopic NBI, with clinicopathological tissue biopsy serving as the gold standard. The application value for early screening of gastric cancer was observed and analyzed. Results: The scoring data showed that the clarity of gastric mucosal glandular tube structure, microvascular structure clarity, and lesion contour scoring data of conventional gastroscopy were lower than those of the NBI technology (P < 0.05). The screening rate of pathological biopsy in 312 patients was 18.59% (58 cases). Conventional gastroscopy showed a screening rate of 11.53% (36 cases), while NBI technology examined a screening rate of 17.63% (55 cases), and the two-by-two comparison of the screening rate data of the three groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of conventional gastroscopy appeared to be lower than those of NBI technology (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the early screening of gastric cancer, endoscopic NBI technology can be applied to patients. Compared with conventional gastroscopy, it provides a clearer visualization of the structure of the gastric mucosal glandular structure and microvascular structure, with a certain screening rate. Additionally, its sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value are higher, demonstrating outstanding effectiveness.

INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease has been associated with arthritis since the late 20th century, but it was not until a few decades ago that IBD-associated arthritis was recognized as a distinct pathology independent from rheumatoid arthritis (RA). There is evidence that RA and other autoimmune conditions exist in higher rates in patients with IBD compared to the general population. This is an important distinction because of the different pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, management, complications, and prognosis of both diseases. METHODS: This study was reviewed and approved by the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center of Central Pennsylvania Review Board. Using Epic’s SlicerDicer function, patients with Inflammatory Bowel disease were identified using ICD-10 codes (K50 and K51). Those with incomplete information or duplicated were excluded obtaining a total of 3613 patients. Data collected included basic demographic information, surgical history, and the presence of Rheumatoid arthritis. We reported continuous variables as mean (range) and categorical variables as number (percent). We used Student’s t-test to analyze between group differences for the continuous variables. When it was determined that variances for the comparisons of continuous data were unequal, Welch-Satterthwaite t test statistics were used. We used chi-square test to analyze between group differences for the categorical variables. The Fisher exact test was employed when any of the expected frequencies was five or less. All tests were 2-sided with criterion for statistical significance at a p-value less than 0.05. All the analyses were done by SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary NC). RESULTS: Of the approximately 2.7 million adults in SlicerDicer, there were 3613 patients (0.13%) identified with Inflammatory Bowel disease. Patients with Ulcerative Colitis accounted for 37% of the total group (n= 1343) and 2270 patients (62.8%) had Crohn’s Disease. From the total, 2084 were women (57.68%) and 1529 (42.32%) were men. The mean age was 53.3 +- 18.5. 848 (23.47%) had documented Rheumatoid arthritis. Mortality was higher in patients with IBD and RA than those with IBD alone (7.31% vs 3.98%, p value= <0.0001). More than 90% of the patients were white (n=3321). CONCLUSION: IBD patients with RA have higher mortality than patients with IBD alone.

Comparison of hospital rating websites among each other and with data from hospital quality reports and quality assurance based on routine data

In addition to the objectifiable treatment quality, patients' perspectives are gaining relevance. This study aimed to characterize available hospital rating websites (HRW) with regards to patient ratings and to compare them with data from hospital quality reports and quality assurance based on routine data (QSR) for urological departments. After astructured online search for HRWs, websites were compared based on patient ratings from the 10urologic departments with the largest intervention rates in 2021 using generalized estimated equations. For radical prostatectomy (RPE), quantitative comparison of patient ratings (klinikbewertungen.de) and QSR-based ratings was performed using Spearman's rank correlation. Of 1845hits, 25portals were analyzed. The department-wise comparison of HRWs resulted in significantly different patient ratings (p < 0.001). Patient ratings (klinikbewertungen.de) and QSR data (AOK-Gesundheitsnavigator) showed no significant correlation. An internal comparison of QSR data and patient ratings from the AOK-Gesundheitsnavigator on RPE showed asignificant negative correlation between the overall rating and unplanned reoperations (r = -0.81) or other complications (r = -0.91). There was no significant correlation with the recommendation rate by patients. Hospital rating websites show considerable heterogeneity regarding patient ratings of the same urology department in different portals. Furthermore, based on the selected examples, there seems to be no correlation between subjective and objective evaluations between different websites or within one website.

P349 Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) Survey: Descriptive Comparison of Experiences of Bowel Urgency among Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in Canada, Europe, and the US

Abstract Background Bowel urgency is a disruptive symptom affecting daily lives of patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC). Previous analyses from the Communicating Needs and Features of IBD Experiences (CONFIDE) survey reported bowel urgency as a common and impactful symptom of UC in the United States (US) and Europe. This study used data from the CONFIDE survey to descriptively compare the prevalence and impact of bowel urgency in patients with UC across US, Europe, and Canada. Methods Online, quantitative, cross-sectional surveys were conducted among patients with UC in the US, Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK), Japan, and Canada. Criteria based on previous treatment, steroid use, and/or hospitalization defined moderate-to-severe UC. Descriptive comparisons of data from US, Europe, and Canada are presented. Results Surveys were completed by 82 Canadian, 556 European, and 200 US patients with UC. Across geographies, most patients were receiving advanced therapies at the time of survey completion (Canada:73%, Europe:54%, US: 77%; Table). Similar to the findings in Europe and US, bowel urgency was among the top three most common symptoms currently (in the last month) experienced by Canadian patients (Canada:31%, Europe:30%, US:47%; Figure 1a). Due to fear/anticipation of bowel urgency-related accidents, 60% Canadian patients reported wearing diaper/pad/other protection, at least once a month in the past 3 months, similar to European (65%) and US (69%) patients. Among Canadian patients who ever experienced bowel urgency (n=46, 56%), most (78%) reported doing so at least once a month in past 3 months with similar frequencies observed among US and European patients; proportion of patients experiencing bowel urgency at least once a week was higher among US (79%) and European (71%) patients than Canadian patients (48%) (Table). Among patients receiving advanced therapies, similar patterns were observed (Table). Most patients in all three populations reported bowel urgency and bowel urgency-related accidents among the top five most common reasons for declining participation in work/school, social events, and sports/physical exercise (Figure 1b). Conclusion These descriptive analyses suggest that although the overall prevalence and burden of bowel urgency in Canada are similar to those in the US and Europe, a numerically lower proportion of Canadian patients with moderate-to-severe UC experienced bowel urgency at least once a week in past 3 months. Despite receiving advanced therapies, patients experience bowel urgency and related diaper/protection use across geographies. These findings highlight the clinical importance of evaluating and treating bowel urgency to improve the quality of life of patients with UC across geographies.

Rapid on-site evaluation improves diagnostic performance of fine-needle aspiration cytology for salivary lesions: Comparison of data from two cancer centers in southern China.

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) in two southern China tertiary cancer centers and investigate the impact of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) on FNAC performance. Five hundred and forty-nine patients who underwent FNAC for salivary lesions with surgical follow-up from two centers were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. All slides were recategorized using MSRSGC after consensus on diagnostic criteria for each category. The diagnostic performance of FNAC for salivary lesions was evaluated and compared and the impact of ROSE on FNAC performance was analyzed. The distribution of cases per category based on the MSRSGC criteria in the whole series was as followed: ND 49 (8.9%), NN 76 (14.4%), BN 262 (47.7%), AUS 20 (3.6%), SUMP 43 (7.8%), SM 21 (3.8%), M 78 (14.2%). The SUMC series had significantly more ND distributions than JXCH did (16.2% vs. 0, p = .000). Risk of malignancy for each category in the total series was as followed: 42.9% for ND, 9.2% for NN, 3.8% for BN, 30.0% for AUS, 23.3% for SUMP, 81.0% for SM, and 94.9% for M. When ND and AUS/SUMP were excluded, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 84.0%, 97.1%, 89.9%, 95.1%, and 94.0%, respectively; sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were comparable between the two centers. FNAC using MSRSGC provides a good tool in preoperative evaluation for salivary lesions in southern China. ROSE improves its diagnostic performance by reducing the ratio of the ND category.

Analysis of England's incident and mental health nursing workforce data 2015-2022.

INTRODUCTION: There is a paucity of empirical data examining incidents and mental health nurses and the relationship between the two remains uncertain. Comparison of English national data for incidents and nursing workforce to examine recent trends. Descriptive analysis of two national datasets of incidents and workforce data for England between 2015 and 2022. A 46% increase in incidents was found; the leading causes are self-harm and aggressive behaviour. Despite the rise in adverse incident reporting, a 6% increase in mental health nurses was found, with more nurses in community settings than hospitals. Current services are incident reporting at greater concentrations than in previous years. Patient-related behaviour continues to be most prominently reported, rather than possible antecedent health services issues that may contribute to reporting. Whilst staffing has increased, this does not seem to have kept pace with the implied workload evident in the increase in incident reports. Greater emphasis should be placed on health service behaviour in reporting mechanisms. Self-harm and aggression should continue to be considered adverse outcomes, but causal health service factors, such as missed care, should be present in pooled reporting to help reduce the occurrence of adverse outcomes.