A Comprehensive Study on the Digestive Endoscopic Technique and Narrow-Band Imaging for Early Gastric Cancer Screening

Abstract

Objective: To explore the implementation of gastrointestinal endoscopy technology and endoscopic narrow-band imaging (NBI) in the early screening of gastric cancer and to observe and study their application effects. Methods: During the period from March 2023 to August 2023, 312 patients who received gastroscopy in the Kunming Guandu District People’s Hospital were selected, and they underwent both conventional gastroscopy and endoscopic NBI, with clinicopathological tissue biopsy serving as the gold standard. The application value for early screening of gastric cancer was observed and analyzed. Results: The scoring data showed that the clarity of gastric mucosal glandular tube structure, microvascular structure clarity, and lesion contour scoring data of conventional gastroscopy were lower than those of the NBI technology (P < 0.05). The screening rate of pathological biopsy in 312 patients was 18.59% (58 cases). Conventional gastroscopy showed a screening rate of 11.53% (36 cases), while NBI technology examined a screening rate of 17.63% (55 cases), and the two-by-two comparison of the screening rate data of the three groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of conventional gastroscopy appeared to be lower than those of NBI technology (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In the early screening of gastric cancer, endoscopic NBI technology can be applied to patients. Compared with conventional gastroscopy, it provides a clearer visualization of the structure of the gastric mucosal glandular structure and microvascular structure, with a certain screening rate. Additionally, its sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value are higher, demonstrating outstanding effectiveness.