Compact Planar Monopole Antenna Research Articles

A Band-notched Ultra-wideband Compact Planar Monopole Antenna With U-shaped Parasitic Element

In this paper, we propose a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) planar monopole antenna with integrated band-notch filtering. The proposed antenna is composed of a rectangular radiating patch, partial ground plane and U-shaped parasitic element on the bottom plane of the antenna symmetrical to the radiating patch. The dimensions of parasitic element have been optimized to achieve band-notch filtering, in order to avoid IEEE 802.11a interference in the frequency range 5.15 to 5.825GHz. The proposed antenna is compact (19x16x1.6mm) and also achieves VSWR ≤ 2 for frequency ranging from 3 to 10.3GHz except for the band-notched frequency. High Frequency Structure Simulator has been used to simulate the proposed antenna and analyze its performance in terms of resonating frequency, VSWR, gain and radiation pattern. Dominant factors affecting the centre frequency and bandwidth of the notched-band are also investigated.

Compact planar monopole antenna for wearable wireless applications

We report in this paper the design and the realization of a compact wearable monopole antenna directly placed over an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC), which is located directly on the body. The major contribution is that there is no space between the monopole and the AMC, or between the AMC and the body. Simulation results and measurements are in good agreement and show that the antenna's performances are as good as the best ones reported so far in the literature, while having a smaller volume. The antenna operates at 1.92 GHz with a bandwidth of 8%. The reflection coefficient of the antenna is −35dB. The measurement of the antenna gain provides a value of 4.3 dBi with a half-power beamwidth of 70° and a front-to-back radiation ratio of 15.8 dB. Measurement and simulation results also show that the AMC isolates well the monopole from the body: the localized Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value calculated with 1 g of tissue is 0.34 W/kg with an injected power of 1 W. The antenna with the AMC is well adapted for wearable applications. Nous rapportons dans cet article l'étude et la réalisation d'une antenne de type monopole placée directement au-dessus d'un conducteur magnétique artificiel (AMC) sans introduire une couche supplémentaire entre les deux. Les résultats des simulations, qui ont été validés par des mesures, montrent que les performances de l'antenne étudiée sont aussi bonnes que celles rapportées jusqu'à présent. L'antenne fonctionne à 1,92 GHz, avec une bande passante de 8%. Elle a une adaptation de −35dB à sa fréquence de résonance. Le gain mesuré de l'antenne est de 4,3 dBi, avec une ouverture à −3dB de 70° et un rapport entre le rayonnement face avant et le rayonnement face arrière de l'antenne de 15,8 dB. Les résultats des mesures et des simulations montrent que l'AMC permet de bien isoler le monopole du corps. La valeur localisée du débit d'absorption spécifique (DAS) calculée avec 1 g de tissu est 0.34 W/Kg pour une puissance injectée de 1 W. Le dispositif avec l'AMC est très bien adapté à des applications où l'antenne doit être portée directement sur le corps humain.

Printed Ultrawideband Monopole Antenna with Four Notch Band

A compact ultra-wideband planar monopole antenna with four notched bands is proposed. The antenna consists of a rectangular radiating patch with two bevels at lower edge and a modified ground plane with two bevels at upper edge. In order to realize multiple notch characteristics in the WiMAX band (3.3---3.7 GHz), the lower WLAN band (5.15---5.35 GHz), and higher WLAN band (5.725---5.875 GHz), three round shape slots are inserted in radiating patch. The fourth notch band in X-band downlink satellite communication band (7.1---7.76 GHz) is obtained by etching a pair of C-shaped slots in the ground. The proposed antenna exhibits a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern in the H-plane, and a dipole-like radiation pattern in the E-plane for the for the entire pass band. The measured operating impedance bandwidth of proposed antenna ranges from 3.1 to more than 17 GHz having reflection coefficient magnitude less than ?10 dB with four notched bands. The effects of each individual slot on band notch characteristics are also investigated. The measured gain of the proposed quad band notched antenna is relatively stable across the operating frequency band except notched bands and thereby making the proposed antenna suitable for practical UWB applications. Proposed antenna has a compact size of 30 × 26 mm2.

Compact planar ultra‐wideband antenna with quintuple band‐notched characteristics

A compact ultra-wideband planar monopole antenna with a size of 22 mm by 34 mm is presented to achieve the quintuple-band-notched characteristics. The proposed antenna consists of a Mickey-mouse shaped radiating element, a truncated/smoothed ground plane and a microstrip feed-line. The quintuple-band-notched function is achieved by integrating five specially designed half/one-wavelength M-shaped resonators into the radiator, feed-line and ground plane. The simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna is able to operate from 2.24 to 10.8 GHz for |S11| < −10 dB with excellent band rejection performance in the frequency bands of 2.35 to 2.61 GHz, 3.16 to 3.69 GHz, 5.0 to 6.1 GHz, 7.2 to 7.7 GHz and 8.1 to 8.74 GHz for some existing communication systems such as wireless local area networks, worldwide interoperability for microwave access, downlink of X-band satellite communication and ITU 8-GHz band, respectively. In addition, both the frequency-domain and time-domain performances of the antenna are investigated by simulation and measurement. The results obtained are also in very good agreement.

Bandwidth enhancement of capacitive fed monopole antenna using parasitic patches

This paper proposed a compact planar monopole antenna operating at 5 GHz (5.180–5.825 GHz) industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio band. The antenna constructed with 20 mm × 12 mm radiating element and 25 mm square of the ground plane in FR4 substrate provided −10 dB bandwidth of 1 GHz (5.4–6.4 GHz). To improve the bandwidth, parasitic elements are added with the monopole antenna. A capacitive feed is also incorporated in the design. It observed that the proposed antenna with parasitic elements provides a larger impedance bandwidth of about 3 GHz (5.1–8.1 GHz), which is three-fold improvements over the one without parasitic patches. The prototype of the antenna that operates at 5.8 GHz frequency range is fabricated and characterized using a near-field measurement system. A good agreement is found between the simulation and measured results.

A Triple Band Notch Compact UWB Printed Monopole Antenna

A compact ultra-wideband planar monopole antenna with triple band-notched characteristic is proposed. The antenna consists of a rectangular patch with two bevels. To realize notch characteristics in 3.3---3.7 GHz for WiMax, and in 5.15---5.85 GHz for WLAN band, two round shape slots are etched in radiating patch. The third notch band in 7.1---7.76 GHz for X-band downlink satellite communication is obtained by etching a pair of C-shaped slot on the ground. The proposed antenna exhibits a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern in the $$H$$H-plane, and a dipole-like radiation pattern in the $$E$$E-plane for the entire pass band. The proposed antennas are successfully simulated and measured. The individual effects of the each slot on band notch characteristics are also investigated. The gain of the proposed triple band notched antenna is relatively stable across the operating frequency band except at notched bands and thereby making the proposed antenna suitable for practical UWB applications.

THIN PROFILE WIDEBAND PRINTED MONOPOLE ANTENNA FOR SLIM MOBILE HANDSETS APPLICATIONS

In this paper, a compact wideband planar monopole antenna suitable for slim mobile handsets applications is presented. The proposed antenna operates over LTE700/GSM800/900 (0.742 GHz-1.36 GHz), GPS L1/GSM1800/1900/UMTS/IMT2100/Wi-Fi/LTE2300/2500 (1.475 GHz- 2.7 GHz), and WiMAX (3.4 GHz-3.72 GHz) based on reflection coefficient better than − 6d B. It consists of coupling strip, shorted radiating strip, and parasitic meandered lines. The wider impedance bandwidth is achieved by placing the meandered line as parasitic element on the back side of the coupling and shorted radiating elements. With this configuration, the antenna gives extremely wide impedance bandwidth which covers all the required frequency bands of the smart mobile phones. To investigate the proposed antenna, S-parameters, surface current distributions, and radiation performances are studied. To check the robustness of the proposed antenna, investigation is also carried out in the vicinity of the mobile environment. Further, specific absorption rate (SAR) is calculated on the human head and found to be below 0.535 W/kg. The simulated and measured results are found in close agreement.

Compact multi-band frequency reconfigurable planar monopole antenna for several wireless communication applications

A compact reconfigurable multi-band monopole antenna is presented. To achieve frequency reconfigurability, a PIN diode is used. There are two states of switch. State 1: when the switch is OFF, the antenna operates at four bands: 2.45, 3, 3.69, and 5.5GHz with impedance bandwidth of 9.95, 5.96, 12.57, and 10.76%, respectively. State 2: when a switch is ON, the antenna operates at 2.64, 3.67, 4.94, and 5.3GHz with impedance bandwidth of 21.15, 11.76, 5.79, and 4.12%, respectively. Folded and meandered techniques are used for miniaturize antenna size. Antenna size is 15mm×37mm×0.8mm and the radiator part is 15mm×9mm×0.8mm. The proposed antenna is used in several applications such as Bluetooth (2400–2484MHz), WLAN [802.11b/g/n (2.4–2.48GHz), 802.11y (3.657–3.69GHz), 802.11y (4.9GHz), 802.11a/h/j/n (5.2GHz)], Wi-MAX (2.5–2.69GHz), LTE (band 7, band 38, band 41, and band 43) and S-DMB (2605–2655MHz). The antenna is analyzed using the transient solver of CST Microwave Studio. The proposed antenna was fabricated and tested. Measurements and simulations show good agreement.

Compact Planar Monopole Antenna with Dual Band Notched Characteristics Using T-Shaped Stub and Rectangular Mushroom Type Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for UWB and Bluetooth Applications

In this paper, an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with dual band-notched characteristics is proposed. The proposed antenna also covers ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical)/Bluetooth band. The antenna consists of a microstrip fed truncated U-shaped patch, T-shaped stub, rectangular mushroom type electromagnetic band gap structures (EBG), and partial ground plane. To mitigate the problem of interference due to standard narrow bands (like wireless interoperability microwave access (WiMAX) and wireless local area network (WLAN)) lie in the range of UWB, dual band notched characteristics is introduced. The WiMAX and WLAN band notched characteristics are realized by introducing a T-shaped stub and rectangular mushroom type EBG structures, respectively. The proposed antenna is printed on a 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate with relative permittivity $$(\upvarepsilon _{\mathrm{r}})$$ ( ? r ) 4.4 and the size of actual antenna is $$36 \times 40\hbox { mm}^{2}$$ 36 × 40 mm 2 . The measured results shows that the proposed antenna attains a wide impedance bandwidth $$(\hbox {VSWR} \le 2)$$ ( VSWR ≤ 2 ) from 2.35 to 11.6 GHz with dual band notched characteristics from 3.29 to 3.9 GHz and 5.1 to 5.85 GHz with stable radiation patterns. The time domain behaviors of the proposed antenna is also analyzed for pulse handling capability.

Compact sectoral fractal planar monopole antenna for wideband wireless applications

AbstractA compact size sectoral fractal planar monopole antenna is proposed for wideband wireless application. The feed circuit is a 50‐Ω microstrip line with a matching section over a rectangular ground plane. The measured −10 dB reflection bandwidth for frequency range (3.22–6.55 GHz) is 68.04% covering WiMAX (3.4–3.6 and 3.7–4.2 GHz), Wi‐Fi 802.11y (3.6–3.7 GHz), and WLAN 802.11 (5.31–6.32 GHz). This antenna has acceptable agreement is obtained for the simulated and measured antenna performance parameters. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:1073–1076, 2014

Compact and Small Planar Monopole Antenna With Symmetrical L- and U-Shaped Slots for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

A small and compact triple-band microstrip-fed printed monopole antenna for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular radiating patch with L- and U-shaped slots and ground plane. A parametric study on the lengths of the U- and L-shaped slots of the proposed antenna is provided to obtain the required operational frequency bands-namely, WLAN (2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz) and WiMAX (2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz). The proposed antenna is small (15 × 15 × 1.6 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sup> ) when compared to previously well-known double- and triple-band monopole antennas. The simulation and measurement results show that the designed antenna is capable of operating over the 2.25-2.85, 3.4-4.15, and 4.45-8 GHz frequency bands while rejecting frequency ranges between these three bands. Omnidirectional radiation pattern and acceptable antenna gain are achieved over the operating bands.

DESIGN OF A NOVEL ANTENNA AND ITS CHARACTERIZATION IN FREQUENCY AND TIME DOMAINS FOR ULTRA WIDE BAND APPLICATIONS.

A novel compact planar monopole antenna for UWB applications is proposed in this paper. The proposed novelty of the antenna is attributed to the addition of suitable beveled stubs to a basic circular geometry of the radiator as an improved impedance matching technique to achieve enhanced radiation performances. The feed circuit is a tapered microstrip line with a matching section over a semi-elliptical ground plane. The proposed antenna achieves su-cient impedance bandwidth for a VSWR < 2 for frequencies from 3{15GHz covering the entire UWB range (3.1{10.6GHz), which is verifled experimentally. Also this design achieves good gain, constant group delay and a near omni- directional radiation pattern over the UWB band. The UWB characteristics of the antenna are evaluated in frequency and time domains. Results reveal that the proposed antenna has ∞at transfer function, linear phase and good impulse response with virtually no ringing which are the essential requirements for an UWB antenna for e-cient pulse transmission/reception. The simulated and measured results of these parameters are presented. The performance results of the novel antenna with other designs is also compared and presented.

Pattern-Reconfigurable Planar Circular Ultra-Wideband Monopole Antenna

A novel pattern-reconfigurable compact planar ultra-wideband monopole antenna is presented. By the incorporation of four p-i-n diode switches and two parasitic elements, the antenna's radiation patterns can be shaped to concentrate energy in specific directions while minimising the gain in other unwanted directions without significantly affecting the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. A fully functional prototype has been developed and tested. The measured results of the return loss, radiation patterns, and realised gain verify the effectiveness of the proposed antenna configuration. The antenna switches its radiation patterns between an omni-directional mode and two directional modes with opposite directions in the operating range from 3 to 6 GHz. The proposed antenna could be a suitable candidate for advanced and smart radio applications such as cognitive radio (CR) as it can enhance the radio front-end flexibility and performance by adding the benefits of pattern diversity, specifically in multipath environments.

디지털 TV 수신용 소형 광대역 모노폴 안테나

본 논문에서는 코플래너 도파관으로 급전되는 소형 광대역 평면 모노폴 안테나의 설계방법에 대해 연구하였다. 제안된 구조의 광대역 모노폴을 지상파 디지털방송 수신용으로 최적화 설계하였다. 모노폴과 접지면을 광대역 특성을 갖도록 완만한 테이퍼 구조로 하였다. 모노폴과 접지면에 슬릿을 장하하여 안테나를 소형화하였다. 광대역 모노폴은 특성 임피던스 75옴의 코플래너 도파관으로 급전되고 <TEX>$100mm{\times}200mm$</TEX> 크기의 FR4 기판에 설계하였다. 디지털 방송 주파수 대역인 470-806 MHz 대역에서 동작하도록 설계된 안테나를 FR4 기판 상에 제작 후 실험을 통하여 연구결과의 타당성을 검증하였다. In this paper, a design method for a compact broadband planar monopole antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) is studied. The proposed broadband monopole is optimized for terrestrial digital television (DTV) reception. In order to achieve broadband characteristics, the monopole and ground conductor are gradually tapered. By loading slit pairs on both monopole and ground plane, the proposed antenna is miniaturized. The monopole is fed by a CPW with 75-ohm characteristic impedance on an FR4 substrate and its size is <TEX>$100mm{\times}200mm$</TEX>. The optimized monopole antenna for DTV band (470-806 MHz) is fabricated on an FR4 substrate and tested experimentally to verify the results of this study.

Novel UWB Monopole Antenna With Band Notched Characteristics

A compact planar monopole antenna with band-notched characteristics suitable for Ultra Wideband (UWB) applications is presented. The proposed UWB microstrip-fed antenna consisting of U-shaped slots in both patch and the microstrip-feed line with a defected ground structure. This antenna is designed to cover the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) bandwidth for UWB applications (2.04-14.6 GHz), while showing tri band-notched characteristics in the frequency bands of: (3-4.3 GHz) used for WiMAX, (6.12-6.8 GHz) used for C-band uplink frequency and (8.7-9.2 GHz) used for aeronautical radio navigation. The proposed antenna is suitable for various narrow band wireless applications, satellite applications and radar applications. The proposed UWB antenna is simulated by using High Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS).

A COMPACT QUAD BAND-NOTCHED UWB MONOPOLE ANTENNA LOADED ONE LATERAL L-SHAPED SLOT

A novel compact microstrip-fed planar monopole antenna with quad-notched bands is presented. The proposed antenna is based on one rectangular-stepped-patch. To achieve the higher resonance over the 12GHz, one lateral L-shaped structure is embedded in the ground. By inserting four U-shaped slots in the radiation patch, quad band-notched properties in the WiMAX (3.3{3.6GHz), INSAT (4.5{4.8GHz), lower WLAN (5.15{5.35GHz) and higher WLAN (5.725{5.825GHz) are obtained. Experimental results indicate that the designed UWB antenna can obtain broadband matched impedance values, good frequency selectivity over the notched bands, relatively ∞at group delay and nearly omni-directional transmission characteristics across the UWB frequencies. More importantly, the quad-notched bands can be reconflgurable by shorting the corresponding U-shaped slots.

Compact Spirograph Planar Monopole Antenna Covering C-/X-Band With Invariant Radiation Pattern Characteristics

This communication presents a novel compact planar monopole antenna configuration: the spirograph planar monopole antenna (SPMA) covering C-/X-Band (4-12 GHz). The antenna has an invariant omnidirectional radiation pattern across the frequency band with no multi-lobe effect and low cross-polarization. The SPMA radiating element size is less than λ/2 at the highest frequency of operation such that it can be used as a beam scanning array element. For the SPMA, it was found that increasing the number of points in the antenna shape miniaturizes the radiating element and increases the impedance bandwidth. A prototype SPMA was fabricated and measured for impedance and radiation performance.

PLANAR MONOPOLE ANTENNA WITH TWO COUPLED STRIPS FOR INTERNAL EIGHT-BAND LTE/WWAN LAPTOP COMPUTER APPLICATION

In this paper, a compact planar monopole antenna with eight-band LTE/WWAN (LTE700/2300/2500/GSM850/900/1800/ 1900/UMTS) operation for laptop computer application is presented. This design structure comprises a bent driven strip and two coupled strips, which can contribute multiple resonance modes to combine two wide operating frequency bands covering 665–1023 MHz and 1612– 2924MHz. The proposed antenna fed by a 50-Ω coaxial cable occupies a small size of only 65(L)× 11(W)× 0.4(H)mm3, so it can be flexibly embedded inside the casing of the laptop computer as an internal antenna. A fabricated prototype of the antenna is tested and analyzed. Experimental results exhibit that nearly omnidirectional coverage and stable gain variation across the desirable LTE/WWAN bands can be obtained with the antenna.

Compact CPW-fed planar monopole antenna with distinct triple bands for WiFi/WiMAX applications

A compact coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed planar monopole antenna with triple band operation is presented. By inserting two I-shaped notched slots and a open-ended U-shaped slot on the edge of the radiation patch, and integrating two symmetrical meander microstrip-lines on the upper edge of two rectangular ground planes, three operating bands covering 2.4–2.63, 3.23–3.8 and 5.15–5.98 GHz can be achieved. Moreover, the designed antenna, with compact size of 23×30 mm2, can provide excellent characteristics, including better performance of interference suppression, nearly dipole-like radiation pattern and moderate gain for three bands, which prove that the proposed antenna is very suitable for WiFi/WiMAX applications.

A highly compact dual-band WLAN/UWB monopole antenna

A highly compact microstrip-fed planar monopole antenna is proposed. It consists of a radiation patch, four stubs and a truncated ground. The antenna exhibits dual-band operation with -10dB return loss bandwidths 0.45GHz (2.20-2.65GHz) and 5.23GHz (6.52-11.75GHz) in the lower band and upper band, respectively. Simulated and measured results show this antenna is suitable for WLAN, UWB and other wireless communication applications.