Community Development Perspective Research Articles

Sosio-Religious Aspects of the Sasak Community in Reading a Puspakarma Manuscript: Islamic Community Development Perspective

There has been intense debate over whether local practices and social engagement effectively contribute to da’wah and participatory community development. Referring to the study of a Puspakarma manuscript from Lombok, coded Gallery-50B Ciputat, the paper sheds light on the local socio-religious values that form the collective memory of Muslim Sasak communities on the island. It further argues that these values offer potential for participatory socio-religious development. The broader context of Sasak culture, as evident in the nineteenth-century Puspakarma text, provides a wider umbrella for the interpretation of elements of the manuscript’s content and message. Data analysis employs Mead’s Symbolic Interactionalism using a person-in-environment model from the perspective of Islamic Community Development. The main findings of the study are that the collective memory of ethnic Sasak Muslims recognizes the supreme being, God, and cooperative social interactions as key to community harmony, just as respect for the ancestors and nature also ensures happiness. All of these views influence community well-being. Furthermore, the author’s analysis demonstrates that each of these components found in the Sasak environment shapes the growth and development of the individual and their worldviews. This research offers fresh insight into how local development may contribute to closing the gap between cross-cultural policy and practice in Lombok and elsewhere.

Feminist Perspective of Community Development Practices in Nepal

Feminist perspective of community development encompasses the gender sensitive development practices to ensure the equitable share of benefits and progress to all community members regardless of gender disparity. This research paper aims to examine the current status of gender inequality and the application of feminist principles into community development initiatives in Nepal as a pathway for achieving gender equality. This paper has prepared in a descriptive research design which is based on the secondary information collected from different scholarly published sources such as journal article, edited books, publication of government and other organization along with online database through official websites of respective organizations, Google scholar, NepJOL and so on. The findings reveal that incorporating feminist principles in community development practices can result in positive outcomes such as increased participation of women and leadership in decision-making processes and improved access to resources and services. It concludes that incorporating feminist principles into community development initiatives can play pivotal role in achieving gender equality, reduced gender-based violence and promoting inclusive and sustainable development in Nepal. Therefore, the study suggests that it is essential to implement targeted capacity-building programs to empower women with essential skills and knowledge, ensuring their active participation and leadership in community development initiatives to promote gender equality and inclusive progress in Nepal.

Rethinking community-based tourism initiatives through community development lens: A case study in Vietnam

ABSTRACT Guided by the Social Vocation of Territory (SVT) framework, this research delves into the challenges encountered by Community-Based Tourism (CBT) initiatives in Vietnam, using Quang village as a focal point. Conducted through two fieldwork expeditions spanning 2019 to 2022, the study unveils key hurdles, including elite capture, social exclusion, disruption of community solidarity, and an increased burden on rural women. Aligned with the SVT framework, these findings emphasize the potential risk of undermining social cohesion when tourism overlooks local realities and norms. This research underscores the significance of adopting a community development perspective, offering insights to assess tourism’s impact on the social fabric. The current work advocates for implementing flexible, context-conscious CBT approaches grounded in a realistic understanding of local sociocultural dynamics.

Study on the Demand and Supply of Cultural Space for Different Groups of People from the Perspective of Sustainable Community Development: A Case Study from the Hanzhong Section of the Hanjiang River Basin, China

Cultural space (CS) holds significant importance for inheriting regional culture, serving people’s lives, and boosting sustainable community development. In this study, based on the research case of the Hanzhong section of the Hanjiang River Basin (HSHRB), the demand and supply matching relationships between three groups of people, namely residents, employees, and tourists, and four types of CS—memorial or religious space (MRS), cultural heritage space (CHS), cultural facilities space (CFS), and cultural industries space (CIS)—is analyzed, with communities as the units. Findings: (1) The CS demand–supply matching relationship exhibited the spatial distribution characteristics of high value balance in urbanized areas, significant lag in suburban supply, and low value balance in rural areas. (2) For the CS demands of residents, employees, and tourists, the total supply was in a substantial shortage, in general balance, and in significant surplus, respectively. (3) There were significant differences in the fairness and adequacy of the demand–supply matching of the four types of CS, with MRS and CHS more equitable and better able to meet the needs of different regions and populations. (4) Six community types with significantly different demand and supply characteristics were classified based on the demand–supply relationship within the community and the supply environment of neighboring communities. They presented a spatial structure of circles outward in the order of high-value-balanced communities, deprived communities, insufficient-supply communities, low-value-balanced communities, and shared communities, with urbanized areas as the core. Deprived communities and shared communities have shown spatial dynamics of urban expansion and village decay, respectively, and they require urgent attention. The study employs a more systematic categorization of CS supply and a more diverse perspective of demand entities, offering new evidence for the equitable distribution of cultural resources among heterogeneous groups and regions. Ultimately, it presents strategies for optimizing demand and supply as well as policy recommendations for community governance, bringing fresh insights into promoting sustainable community development.

The dark side of community development and place attachment in a diverse neighborhood

ABSTRACT This study explores the “dark” aspects of residents’ place attachment within an ethnically diverse neighborhood from a community development perspective. Using qualitative interviews, the study investigates residents’ perceptions of place and community attachment in a neighborhood in Jerusalem undergoing demographic changes. The findings revealed that feelings for the place and community were reflected in three different patterns of attachment: positive, negative/ambivalent, and avoidant. A relationship was found between the pattern of place attachment, residents’ responses to changes in their secure base, and the coping strategies they perceived as available in response to demographic changes in their neighborhood. This study highlights the need for researchers and community development proffesionals to acquire the knowledge and skills necessary to address social tensions in diverse neigborhoods and to consider the darker aspects of place and community attachment. This knowledge can inform strategies for fostering more inclusive and harmonious communities in the face of demographic changes.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PRE-MARRIAGE COURSES IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT

The Ministry of Religious Affairs has formulated the Regulation of the Director General of Islamic Public Guidance No. DJ.II/542 of 2013 concerning Guidelines for the Implementation of Pre-Marriage Courses, which are applied at the Office of Religious Affairs of Tanjung Karang Timur District. This research aims to know how far the level of significance of pre-marriage courses is to people of marriageable age as a form of increasing understanding of the community from the perspective of Islamic community development. The approach used is a qualitative approach. Data is sourced from primary, secondary, and population and sample data. The population is 16 pairs of prospective brides or 32 people, and the sample is 8 pairs of prospective brides or 16. With data collection techniques such as interviews, observation, documentation, and data analysis. Based on the results from research on the implementation of pre-marital courses and the processes carried out, it can be concluded that pre-marital courses are beneficial and necessary for the community. Community development aims to improve the quality of life of the community through the awareness process, the capacity-building process, and the enrichment process. It is significant for creating a Sakinah family.

KH. ABDULLAH SYFI'IE BIN SYFI'IE BIN SAIRAN'S COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS THROUGH DA'WAH

In theory, Da'wah is the process of applying Islamic teachings to foster a positive society. From a scholarly perspective, Da'wah science can be categorized into two distinct parts: basic and applied Da'wah science. Basic Da'wah science delves into the theoretical and foundational aspects of Da'wah, while applied Da'wah science focuses on its practical implementation. In the context of applied Da'wah science, one effective approach to comprehending the practical aspects of Da'wah is to study the rules and methodologies of Da'wah found in the Quran and Hadith, particularly those employed by Prophets and Messengers. Additionally, these principles of Da'wah implementation can be gleaned from the teachings and practices of revered Islamic figures and scholars. Among the distinguished figures in the realm of Da'wah is K.H. Abdullah Syafi'ie bin Syafi'ie bin Sairan, a charismatic Betawi cleric known for his profound knowledge. This study revolves around three main focal points: Firstly, it explores the unique qualities and charisma that set KH Abdullah Syafi'ie bin Syafi'ie bin Sairan apart as an accomplished Da'i from the Betawi community. Secondly, it delves into the specific Da'wah approach employed by KH Abdullah Syafi'ie bin Syafi'ie bin Sairan, which left a lasting impact on the Islamic community in Betawi. Thirdly, it examines the practical manifestations of KH Abdullah Syafi'ie bin Syafi'ie bin Sairan's ideas in the development of the Betawi Islamic Community. The theoretical underpinning of this study rests on two key concepts: First, it draws inspiration from the community development model of the Prophet Muhammad's era, notably the Medina Charter, as an exemplar of community-building in an Islamic context. Second, it incorporates the contemporary perspective of community development as articulated by Brokensha and Hodge, who define it as a movement aimed at enhancing the overall quality of life for an entire community through active participation. This research adopts a qualitative approach, primarily employing qualitative descriptive research methods. Following the research planning phase, the author conducts fieldwork, which includes direct observations, informant interviews, and data collection pertaining to the subject of research. The findings of this study underscore that KH Abdullah Syafi'ie effectively propagated his ideas through various means, including oral communication, written materials, practical actions, political engagement, and the use of electronic media such as radio. These multifaceted approaches collectively contributed to a transformation in the societal fabric, aligning it more closely with the ideals espoused in the Quran and Hadith, as desired by Allah and the Prophet.

Roles of Museum in the Perspective of Region and Community Development

Roles of Museum in the Perspective of Region and Community Development

Pemberdayaan kelompok remaja berbasis budaya santri dalam optimalisasi peningkatan keterampilan kesehatan reproduksi remaja

Adolescence is one of the stages in human life. This stage is a crisis stage because it is a transitional stage from childhood to adulthood. According to the characteristics of their sexual development, adolescents generally have developed sexual behavior in the form of heterosexual relationships or dating. The way to minimize reproductive health problems in adolescents, juvenile delinquency and drug abuse is to directly involve the community in. These Adolescents need increased skills to overcome problems that occur in adolescents, especially reproductive health problems. The purpose of this service is to form youth groups that are active in efforts to deal with existing reproductive health problems. This program is carried out from the perspective of human or community development through empowerment. The empowerment method is carried out by referring to the existing strategy. Existing strategies refer to and are based on the culture that exists in Islamic boarding schools or junior high schools in an effort to optimize their reproductive health skills. This activity was carried out in a youth group of 30 teenagers who were students and students at the Miftahul Ulum Kalisat Jember Middle School. Activities carried out for 3 months to assist empowered groups. The results of forming groups with this empowerment found that there was an increase in the skills possessed by adolescents related to reproductive health problems before the empowerment group was formed, the skills were not good by 65%, it decreased after the empowerment group was formed, it became 28%, while good skills, by 35%, it increased to 72%. It is hoped that the group that has been formed can continue the empowerment efforts based on the pesantren culture by optimizing reproductive health skills so as to make teenagers more innovative, creative and also active.health skills so as to make teenagers more innovative, creative and also active.

The association among neighborhood mutual support, well-being, and social work

SummaryWith the increase in urbanization in China, people's neighborhood has an important influence on their well-being. This study aims to explore the impact of neighborhood mutual support on well-being from the perspective of social work. A total of 13,486 samples from the 2016 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey were utilized. The data were analyzed by the ordered logit model and propensity score matching while controlling for individual, family, and socioeconomic features.Findings(1) The more the neighborhood mutual support, the higher individuals' degree of well-being; this conclusion is robust. 2) Neighborhood mutual support has a larger improvement effect on the well-being of groups with low social status. (3) Neighborhood mutual support improves well-being through two mechanisms: it can grow an individual's support network, helping them obtain more material support, and it enhances individuals' integration into society, improving their well-being through increased feelings of community security. (4) The influence of neighborhood mutual support is weakened when a community has formal social support (full-time social workers) because individuals can resolve their problems through formal social support, reducing their reliance on neighbors.ApplicationsBased on the perspective of community development, understanding the influence of neighborhood mutual support on well-being is important. Social workers should adopt different intervention approaches according to characteristics of different groups to improve residents' level of neighborhood mutual support. Moreover, to promote community development, the government should consider arranging social work for less-developed communities.

Building Forward Better: Inclusive Livelihood Support in Nairobi’s Informal Settlements

For the large population living in Nairobi’s informal settlements, the long-term effects of Covid-19 pose a threat to livelihoods, health, and wellbeing. For those working in the informal sector, who are the lifeblood of the city, livelihoods have been severely supressed by Covid-19 restrictions such as curfews, pushing many into further poverty. This article draws on community data, meetings, and authors’ observations as community organisers, to explore the challenges posed by existing government responses from a community development perspective. We found that poor accountability structures and targeted income support only for the ‘most vulnerable’ exacerbates tensions, mistrust, and insecurity among already vulnerable communities. We draw on a rapid desk review of existing literature to argue that community-led enumeration to validate entitlement claims, improved accountability for distribution, and widening income support is required to build solidarity and improve the future resilience of these communities.

Perils and prospects of Manipuri handloom industries in Bangladesh: An ethnic community development perspective

Manipuri handloom industry, a primary ethnic handcrafted apparel sector in Bangladesh, has an illustrious history, problematic present, and blurred prospects. This study aims to address the problems and prospects associated with this industry. Using Geographical Information Systems, this piece identifies handloom products’ outlet locations based on tourist visits, business opportunities, and raw materials availability. The findings show that the competitive market, shortage of capital, and low-profit income are the key factors for the decline of handloom weaving ventures. As part of the prospects, this industry helps Manipuri communities form social capital, enhance community building, and empower its women entrepreneurs. Using Porter’s Five Forces framework, the study reveals that substitute products and suppliers’ bargaining power are two significant challenges in Manipuri industries. This paper recommends the government’s supports and incentives to protect this traditional handloom clothing industry.

Service Learning As Community Development? Local Resident Perspectives of Community-engaged Educational Travel

There is strong body of literature exploring community member and resident perspectives on tourism that has emerged from numerous locations across the globe. Yet virtually none of this writing explores the role of repeat community-engaged service learning with local communities. What theory does exist on the topic indicates that increased rates of community member participation yield more positive viewpoints on community–program partnerships. Engagement in this form of tourism development in communities may have an influence on participation in the community institutions that have the most ability to influence local development outcomes. This qualitative, ethnographic study fills this gap in the literature by analyzing community members' emic perspectives of a recurring educational service learning program to a lesser developed region of Costa Rica. Surprisingly, community residents do not view educational service learning as a form of tourism, though they do see it as valuable for setting the stage for desired tourism development in the future. Findings also indicate community members' involvement in key institutions makes it more likely that they perceive the impact of students in the community positively. As the first study to analyze educational service learning travel from a community development and resident perspective, this work will provide a valuable theoretical contribution relevant to those engaged in this form of travel across the Global South.

Community Development through Supply Chain Responsibility: A Case Study of Rice Supply Chains and Connected Rural Communities in Central China

Supply chains depend on community resources such as entrepreneurs, natural resources, and facilities in value creation and successful operation, while communities need development opportunities from supply chains to build and maintain prosperity. The mutual influence between supply chains and communities offers opportunities to integrate sustainability initiatives into the chain. The concept of supply chain responsibility (SCR) represents a new philosophy that helps create value for communities, but so far does not link well with the idea of community and is viewed one chain at a time. A more integrated and holistic consideration of supply chain-community interactions incorporating multiple supply chains and communities adds to the perspective of community development through SCR. It not only leverages community development as a significant level of analysis in supply chains, but also considers all chains that interact with a community. We use a case study in China’s rice industry to examine the complex and multifaceted supply chain-community interactions in a network of three types of rice supply chain and two rural communities, to understand the theoretical and practical potential in an enriched conceptualization of SCR. The interactions among the supply chains and communities provide significant insights into how to create sustainability for both.

Is tourism participation in protected areas the best livelihood strategy from the perspective of community development and environmental protection?

This study aims to assess the relationship between community development and environmental protection using the variables of perception of livelihood capitals changes and pro-environmental behaviours based on social exchange theory. Residents’ empirical data were collected at the Nanling National Nature Reserve, which is located in south China. Convenience sampling method was used in the survey, and 314 valid samples were collected in total. The results suggest that the perception of livelihood capitals changes has a significant impact on residents’ pro-environmental behaviours, and six types of livelihood capitals have variable effects on specific pro-environmental behaviours among distinct livelihood strategy groups. Under a tourism participation strategy, the overall effect of the perception of livelihood capitals changes on pro-environmental behaviours is the lowest among the three livelihood strategy groups. In addition, the levels of residents’ perception of livelihood capitals changes and pro-environmental behaviours under a tourism participation strategy are higher than those under a farming strategy, and those under a tourism participation strategy are lower than those under other strategies. This study develops a methodological approach to understand the relationship between development and conservation and advances social exchange theory. Several practical implications are discussed, and recommendations for future research are presented.

Cultural actors as agents of generating social co-presences within the place: Istanbul’s contemporary art scene

ABSTRACTThis paper builds on the designation of cultural actors’ actions as a decisive factor in the emergence of urban patterns of art-driven social co-presences in Istanbul. It contributes to the creative city debate from the perspective of community development by incorporating the contemporary arts into urban social space making efforts. Methodologically, the locations of art organizations in the contemporary arts scene of Istanbul are approached as an urban pattern of art driven social co-presences that resulted from the ‘collective action’ in which a multitude of cultural actors are involved. We find that the clusters of art organizations serve as multidimensional social interactions among artist communities. There are, however, inefficiencies in spreading this interactive networking throughout different social segments. Research findings conclude that the cultural actors as agents of generating social co-presences within the place, are not effectively contributing to the society’s social coherence, particularly in terms of creating links with disadvantageous neighbourhood residents.

Sebata-Kgomo Basadi! Emerging indigenised women leadership patterns: Selected narratives from local rural women’s stokvels in Ga-Sekororo, South Africa

abstractGender inequality intersects with economic deprivation to produce more intensified forms of poverty for women than men in rural communities. Feminist theory has highlighted the undervaluing of the household and community leadership roles that women perform. This article focusses on the largely unrecognised roles many rural women perform in formal and informal leadership roles in their respective families and communities and their participation in various activities to sustain their families and to build community resilience among them to address the problems that they confront. The women of the Ga-Sekororo community in Maruleng District, Limpopo province have organised themselves into different social groups that participate in self-help activities such as Sebata-Kgomo (a Sepedi expression meaning ‘to call out for help’) and stokvels, for saving money, buying groceries, supporting members during bereavement and meeting other needs such as paying for school fees and health needs. This article seeks to reflect on poor rural women’s informal organisation which draws on understanding of communal or shared power and the idea of mutual aid. Six focus group discussions from three social groups were used in this qualitative research study, consisting of 10-15 members each. The research focused on how these women assume their positions as leaders and the multiplicity of roles they play in their respective families and community. The research draws on African feminism and Asset Based Community Development perspectives to interpret how these social groups and clubs play a role in developing meaningful opportunities for women’s leadership and participation to be mobilised.

Evaluation on community development programs in mining industry: A case study of small and medium enterprise in China

Corporate-community relations(CCR) has been regarded as one of the top issues for the mining industry, however, it seems that China's mining industry gives little attention to the needs of the local community. Limited by their size, SMEs (Small and medium enterprises) in China are unable to undertake too many community development (CD) programs. As an SME, Dongxin copper iron (gold) mine of Huaibei Dongxin Mining Co. Ltd. is the only known mine which has established a corporate–community foundation in the Chinese mining sector. From the perspective of community development and with an intensive study of the foundation, this paper probes into the practical effects of the foundation operation, based on which a new framework of evaluating the of CD programs is developed.

Development and Challenges of Social Enterprises in Taiwan—From the Perspective of Community Development

Social enterprises (SEs) have formed a naturally conscientious atmosphere in Taiwan, which has not only diluted the boundary between society and enterprises, but also transformed the inherent thinking of nonprofit organizations (NPOs). SEs operate under cross-organizational and cross-departmental models. For years, the rapid economic development of Taiwan has focused on the pursuit of profit without focusing on the development of NPOs. Only after the economy began to slow down did society gradually see a new trend based on the concept of SEs and the cultivation of community self-sufficiency to solve social problems. Its successful implementation is of great significance to the sustainable development of Taiwan. Community industry is based on the community and it is people-oriented. From the perspective of sustainable development, community industry is invested in economic activities and creates multiple benefits to a sustainable community and to social, environmental, cultural, financial, and other developments. From the early “production and welfare construction” to the “new hometown overall construction policy”, Taiwan has placed emphasis on inherent local industry activation, such as the establishment of local industrial exchange centers, local industry sustainable mechanism construction, local characteristic small community enterprises, as well as economic plans, including “Sustainable Employment Hope Project” and “Diverse Employment Development Program”, promoted by the Labor Commission since 2001. All of these are focused on building and developing a community industry, and relevant authorities look forward to the vitality of the community industry to create more job opportunities and community interests. Based on literature review of social enterprise, this paper leads small- and medium-sized community industries to meet the development of business models from the economic perspective of commercialization and the social perspective of social innovation in order to solve the quality crisis that is faced by nonprofit organizations and to maintain the sustainable development of the enterprise. By the design of a nonprofit and mutual-assistance mechanism, poverty relief results can be obtained. SEs, which are similar to regular enterprises, can encounter challenging business environments and they must also possess the ability to assume business risks. Specifically, SEs must consider the dual goals of having a social mission while achieving economic goals. This study provides a detailed understanding of the existence and operational characteristics of SEs in Taiwan.

Learning through partnership with communities: A transformational journey.

The purpose of this article, co-authored by instructors and students, is to highlight student learning and a student-developed model of Community Development that occurred through a service-based clinical placement. As part of their clinical community practicum, a group of second year nursing students were partnered with a group of seniors living in an inner city community. By deconstructing and categorizing ongoing student involvement with this community, students were able to make linkages to the many concepts that together form a community development approach to care, leading to the creation of a model of community development (the Community Health Advancement Model) to guide their evaluation. The process of evaluating nursing student progress from a community development perspective, and the subsequent creation of the model, highlighted several noted challenges of working within a service-learning model of care: the high level of self-direction and critical thinking required by students, and the lack of known outcomes. This article captures the students' struggles with and subsequent mastery through growth in understanding of these concepts. The model of community development, an outcome of their learning, showcases their depth of understanding of the importance of nurturing partnerships as foundational to providing care at a community level. This model may be useful within education of undergraduate nursing education by providing a visual road map of the process of community development. This article is an exemplar of the capacity and depth of understanding that is possible when students learn through community partnership.