Common Pole Research Articles

Gene mutation profiling and clinical significances in patients with renal cell carcinoma

ObjectivesThe pathological mechanisms of patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) remain defined. This study aimed to evaluate relationships between the landscape of gene mutations and their clinical significance in RCC patients. MethodsTissue and peripheral blood samples of 42 patients with RCC were collected and performed for the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) with Geneseeq PrimeTM 425-gene panel probes. Their landscapes of gene mutation were analyzed. We also carried out an evaluation of Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging, RENAL nephelometry score, surgery, and targeted drug treatment of patients. Then we compared the correlations of landscape in gene mutations and the prognosis. ResultsThe most common gene alternations, including BAP1, PBRM1, SETD2, CSF1R, NPM1, EGFR, POLE, RB1, and VHL genes, were identified in tissue and blood samples of 75% of patients. EGFR, POLE, and RB1 gene mutations frequently occurred in relapsed and metastatic patients. BAP1, CCND2, KRAS, PTPN11, ERBB2/3, JAK2, and POLE were presented in the patients with > 9 RENAL nephelometry score. Univariable analysis indicated that SETD2, BAP1, and PBRM1 genes were key factors for Disease-Free Survival (DFS). Multivariable analysis confirmed that mutated SETD1, NPM1, and CSF1R were critical factors for the Progression Free Survival (PFS) of RCC patients with target therapy. ConclusionsWild-type PBRM1 and mutated BAP1 in patients with RCC were strongly associated with the outcomes of the patient. The PFS of the patients with SETD2, NPM1, and CSF1R mutations were significantly shorter than those patients without variants.

Common Pole–Polar Properties of Central Catadioptric Sphere and Line Images Used for Camera Calibration

Common Pole–Polar Properties of Central Catadioptric Sphere and Line Images Used for Camera Calibration

Creating an asset management plan for traffic signal structures through interactive explorations of wind induced fatigue damage

This paper presents an asset management framework for remote monitoring of traffic signal structures for fatigue damage under wind loads, using historical wind measurements from nearby weather stations. Estimate wind profiles developed from the wind data are used to calculate fatigue damage at welded connections for a wide variety of common traffic pole configurations. The analysis is embedded within a novel remote monitoring application that performs the fatigue life analysis in real time for a user defined location and traffic pole configuration. Such a framework is the first of its kind that allows operators to make real time asset management decisions though interactive explorations of the relationship between traffic pole configuration and fatigue life due to local wind conditions. Results are demonstrated using several traffic poles located around Logan, Utah, which has complex topography that creates drastic changes in wind conditions over short geographical distances. The results illustrate the ability of the remote monitoring application to detect small-scale differences in wind conditions that result in significant differences in the estimated fatigue life of traffic structures within communities. Such results highlight the need for, and feasibility of developing site-specific asset management frameworks at a much finer spatial resolution than previous attempts.

Pelvic Carcinosarcoma Showing a Diverse Histology and Hierarchical Gene Mutation with a Common POLE Mutation to Endometrial Endometroid Carcinoma: A Case Report

POLE mutation-type endometrial cancer is characterized by an extremely high tumor mutation burden. Most POLE mutation-type endometrial cancers are histologically endometrioid carcinomas, and POLE mutation-type carcinosarcomas are rare among endometrial cancers. We report a case of endometrial and pelvic cancer in a 53-year-old woman who was analyzed using next-generating sequencing. The endometrial lesion harbored a p.T457del POLE mutation with an elevated tumor mutation burden and low microsatellite instability. The pelvic lesion showed divergent histological features, consisting of high-grade endometrioid carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and chondrosarcoma. In addition to the common POLE mutation detected in the endometrial lesion, the pelvic lesion in each element showed additional gene mutations in a hierarchical manner. Therefore, it is indicated that the p.T457del POLE mutation is a pathogenic mutation and may be related to POLE mutation-induced carcinogenesis and divergent morphogenesis in endometrial cancer.

Econometric Analysis of Local Community’s Perception Towards Protected Area Management: The Case of Borena-Saynt National Park - Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract This study tried to examine econometric analysis of local community’s perception towards protected area management in the case of Borena Sayint National park. Specifically, the study aims to estimate the direct economic value of natural forest, response on the indirect and option values and, econometric analysis of local community’s perception and/or attitude measured based on use value index. The research was conducted in Borena and Mehal Saynt Woredas with severe deforestation and biodiversity loss. Cross sectional research design and stratified-random sampling method were used, following agroclimatic zonation technique. Primary and secondary data were collected from various sources. Data were gathered from a gross total of 396 respondents. Household survey with 360 interviewees using questionnaire, key informants interview with 21 using checklist and, focus group discussion with 15 target individuals using guiding questions. Secondary data obtained from published and unpublished materials, i.e. books, journals and reports, were used. Analysis was performed using analytical tools, descriptive and order logistic regression econometric model in particular. Descriptive analyses tell us to understand the rank of community priorities of the direct, indirect and option benefits. From the direct benefits, honey, livestock, job opportunity, wood, farm tools, housing poles, tourism, timber, hunted meat, medicine, biodiversity, fruit, coffee orderly have been listed from the highest to lowest local community benefits. Similarly, common pole, biodiversity, water source, community heritage, medicine, robbery, wood fuel, carbon sequestration, tourism, livestock feed are orderly selected as their highest to lowest benefits among direct and option benefits. Hence, Local community prefers indirect benefit of park than direct benefits. The econometric analysis of local community‘s perceptions towards protected area management of the natural forest, ‘Denkoro-Chaqa’ in English means “Deaf-Forest”. Information obtained from order logistic regression (Ologit) based on response rate of households to infer the intrinsic value showed consistency between perception, selective socioeconomic and location variables. This implies that education, married, old-aged and location-2 as most important factors that respondents agreed with significant degree, and hence the most constructive idea to enhance local community’s perception in view of major conservation plans. Reputedly, family base awareness creation with formal and informal education, and other media should be done in core area, buffer zone, transitional zone areas of conservation of natural forest along with take full advantage of local community benefits.

Abstract IA014: POLE mutations in endometrial cancer: Consequences and mechanisms

Abstract Mutations in the POLE gene encoding DNA polymerase ϵ (Pol ϵ) drive the development of ultramutated endometrial tumors. We aim to understand the mechanisms through which POLE defects cause ultramutation and establish approaches to identify functionally significant variants. Because POLE mutations preferentially affect conserved amino acid residues in the exonuclease domain of Pol ϵ, a concept has initially formed that defective proofreading of replication errors triggers ultramutation. However, genetic and biochemical studies of the most common POLE variants suggested that their pathogenicity is determined by functional alterations other than loss of proofreading. When modeled in yeast, most of the exonuclease domain changes seen in tumors produce mutator effects far exceeding the effect of Polϵ exonuclease deficiency. The magnitude of the mutator effect is allele-specific and does not correlate with the severity of the exonuclease defect. A yeast mimic of the most common variant, P286R, shows greatly increased DNA polymerase activity, in addition to the exonuclease defect, which likely underlies the high mutagenicity. We discuss the implications of POLE status for tumor progression and the design of therapeutic strategies. We also discuss current approaches to assess the functional significance of the multitude of reported POLE mutations and present the most up-to-date list of experimentally confirmed significant variants. Citation Format: Polina V. Shcherbakova. POLE mutations in endometrial cancer: Consequences and mechanisms [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference: Endometrial Cancer: New Biology Driving Research and Treatment; 2020 Nov 9-10. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(3_Suppl):Abstract nr IA014.

Endometrial cancer with a POLE mutation progresses frequently through the type I pathway despite its high-grade endometrioid morphology: a cohort study at a single institution in Japan.

POLE-mutated endometrial cancer (EC) frequently shows high-grade endometrioid histology, which represents heterogeneity in the dualistic classification of EC. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathology and pathogenesis of POLE-mutated EC due to the scarcity of related information for Asian women. POLE variants were sequenced in tissues of Japanese women with EC. The tumor mutation burden (TMB) was assessed in tissues with a POLE variant of unknown significance. In the POLE-mutated EC tissues, the immunostaining expression of CD8, hormonal receptors, and p53 was evaluated, and the POLE variants in cancer and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) lesions were assessed by laser-capture microdissection. POLE variants were identified in five patients (3.9%) with high-grade endometrioid carcinoma among 127 patients with EC (S459F in two tissues and P441P in three tissues with a high TMB). The five cancer tissues coexisted with normal endometrium and/or AEH. Both AEH and cancer cells showed hormonal receptor positivity and harbored the same POLE mutation. Two patients showed a subclonal overexpression pattern of p53 in cancer and AEH lesions. In conclusion,POLE-mutated EC progresses through the type I pathway, even though it frequently shows high-grade endometrioid morphology. The common POLE mutation sites in EC might vary among races.

Analysis of deformation behavior and microstructure of a near-alpha titanium alloy in single phase region

Abstract In the current work, deformation behavior and microstructure changes of a new near-alpha titanium alloy in single phase region are investigated. For this purpose, high-temperature compression is carried out in single-beta phase region with different temperatures, strain rates and height reductions. The flow softening behavior can be observed at the strain rates of 0.01s−1 and 0.1s−1, whereas work hardening occurs at the strain rates of 1s−1 and 10s−1. The extents of softening or hardening are strongly influenced by strain rate, but vary only slightly with deformation temperature. Recrystallization and recovery have different impacts under different conditions. Recovery plays a dominate role particularly under high strain rate. By contrast, recrystallization controls microstructure evolution under low strain rate. Alpha phases are precipitated from prior beta grains during cooling after deformation, and there is truly a link among alpha phases. The EBSD analysis indicates that the two adjacent precipitations of alpha may share one common or close (11–20) pole, but the caveat is that the statement is not rigorous due to the smaller scanning areas. Additionally, the drive forces of growth of alpha phases are influenced by their crystal orientations. For the two accompanying alpha phases, it seems the interspersed alpha phase tries to pass through the surrounded alpha phase and grow into a longer structure when they have one common (11–20) pole, while it may be difficult to grow longer when one of (11–20) poles of them have some deviation.

Camera calibration based on the common pole-polar properties between two coplanar circles with various positions.

Computer vision camera calibration is widely performed using parallel circles. Various cases of two coplanar circles are algebraically explained, proving that the common pole is located at the line at infinity for all relative positions, and the corresponding polar passes through the centers of the two circles. The two common poles of the two coplanar circles are the points at infinity when concentric; one common pole of the two coplanar circles is a point at infinity when nonconcentric. Accordingly, the vanishing line can be obtained by using the common pole-polar properties of two groups of two coplanar circles, and the camera's intrinsic parameters are solved according to the constraints between the image of the circular points and the imaged absolute conic. The camera calibration can be solved using only three images of two coplanar circles. Simulation and experiments verify that the proposed algorithms are effective.

Vibration analysis of E-core flux reversal free stator switched reluctance motor

PurposeThe main purpose of this research is to investigate finite-element analysis (FEA) on flux reversal-free stator switched reluctance motor (FRFSSRM) for industrial applications. The vibration analysis for an electrical machine is essential because of the acoustic noises. The acoustic noises originate by coincidence of natural frequencies of motor with the vibration frequencies.Design/methodology/approachThe identification with the performance for FRFSRM by torque ripple, vibration. The vibration of the machine is because of unbalanced electromagnetic forces. The mutual coupled winding and a common pole between two adjacent exciting poles reduce these unbalanced forces.FindingsThe accelerometer is used to monitor the vibration amplitude in transient mode. A comparison study shows that the vibration is less in the E-core SRM than in the conventional flux reversal SRM.Originality/valueThe shorter flux path reduces the torque ripple and vibration content in SRM. This research article mainly focuses on the parameters such as vibration and torque ripple. The vibration of FRFSRM is identified by accelerometer; ANSYS Package predicts the simulation of the vibration measurement. The dynamic behaviors of this E-core SRM model with rated conditions the vibration had predicted.

A SPECIAL CASE OF CONGRUENT CENTROIDS OF NONCIRCULAR WHEELS FORMED BY ARCS OF THE LOGARITHMIC SPIRAL

Rolls of congruent curves one by one without sliding, which are arcs of logarithmic spiral, are considered. Two symmetrical arcs form a closed loop with a common pole of the polar coordinate system. This figure resembles a known heart symbol with a pole on the line of symmetry. The article shows and mathematically proved that with the proper choice of the distance between the poles of such figures, they can be rolled one by one, rotating around their poles. If one figure is rolled over the other, the geometric location of the instantaneous centers of rotation with respect to the fixed figure lies on the contour of this figure and represents a space centroid, and in the moving figure system forms a moving centroid. The moving centroid rolls without sliding over the stationary. If fixed and moving centroids have points whose distance from the contact point is constant, then the point of the moving centroid will describe the circle which center is at the point of the fixed centroid. If these points are taken as centers of rotation of both centroids, then the rolling of the moving centroid by the fixed one can be replaced by the rotational motion of both centroids around the stationary centers. The point of contact of the centroids during their rotation is in a segment that connects the centers of rotation and makes some movement on it. If the centroids are circles, then the point of contact is fixed on the line joining their centers. Of particular interest are congruent centroids, such as circles of the same radius. In this case, the manufacture of both centroids is the same. If you shift the center of rotation of the circle at definite value, than the second centroid will be the so-called noncircular wheel, which can be built by a well-known algorithm. However, finding congruent noncircular wheels presents some difficulties. A known case of such wheels are centroids in the form of congruent ellipses whose centers of rotation are located in one of the focuses. By reducing the eccentricity of both ellipses, they approach the circle and turn into it at zero value of this indicator. The paper shows that a similar transformation is possible for congruent centroids formed from arcs of the logarithmic spiral. An analytical description of the centroids was made and their images were created with a common point of contact for different angles of rotation.

Homography Estimation from Ellipse Correspondences Based on the Common Self-polar Triangle

This paper presents new implementation algorithms for estimating the homography from ellipse correspondences based on the common self-polar triangle. Firstly, we propose an analytical solution with a fourfold ambiguity to homography based on converting two ellipse correspondences to three common pole correspondences. Secondly, after exploring the position information of the common poles, we propose the analytical algorithms for estimating the homography from only two ellipse correspondences. We also propose an analytical linear algorithm for estimating the homography by using the common pole correspondences with the known projective scale factors when given three or more ellipse correspondences. Unlike the previous methods, our algorithms are very easy to implement and furthermore may usually provide a unique solution (at most two solutions). Experimental results in synthetic data and real images show the accuracy advantage and the usefulness of our proposed algorithms.

Effect of grain size on α-variant selection in a ZrTiAlV alloy

Local crystallographic orientation characteristics of grains with different sizes in a ZrTiAlV alloy after interrupted cooling from β phase region are investigated by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) technique. A statistical analysis of EBSD data shows that bigger parent β grains present weaker variant selection than smaller grains. The relevant influences are studied by comparing the nucleation behavior of grain boundary α (GBα) and succedent growth stage in varisized grains. In-depth analysis indicates that the deviation between pole of GBα and common pole of adjacent parent β grains is responsible for the smaller degree of variant selection inside the bigger parent β grains. The formation of more than one GBα type at the β/β grain boundary with common pole in bigger grains results in obstructing each other for these variants during the following growth stage, while only one type of GBα nucleate at the β/β grain boundary with common pole in smaller grains and it can freely grow into the interior of the grains, leading to stronger variant selection in smaller β grains.

Ресоціалізація неповнолітніх у навчальних закладах закритого типу

The article shows that the current practice of purposeful re-socialization of minors in closed educational establishments is a tendency to use active didactic and psychological methods. It is emphasized that the re-socialization of such minors is a complex complex of rehabilitation, recreational, re-adaptation and other activities and technologies whose task is to return, involve the teenager in the established norms and models of prosocial life. A differentiated approach to the development of social and psychological measures aimed at the resocialization of minors in the conditions of a closed educational institution is proposed. The most common pole personality traits that determine one or another state of adolescent maladaptation are identified. The following tasks of psychological help in the process of re-socialization of minors are defined: for hypertensive people - increasing the desire to set and achieve goals; for the stimulating and the exalted - developing emotional restraint along with emotional expressiveness; for the emotional - engaging logical thinking in the predominant solution of problems; for the pedantic - the development of spiritual needs together with the material; for demonstratives, developing a focus on others, not on oneself, developing a desire for cooperation; for exciting and hypertensive - developing an orientation to specific people and circumstances in the pursuit of the goal, security while maintaining the desire to take risks. The peculiarity of psychoprophylactic work in the process of re-socialization of adolescents in the languages of the closed educational institution was the desire to consolidate the achievements in training at the level of personal education, stable relationships, beliefs, motives, behaviors. The formation of the desire for self-development is the result of compatible with the psychologist of developing his self-image adolescent. It is the most reliable means of self-monitoring that protects against the socially undesirable effects of maladaptation until they have become an integral part of the individual.

E-Core Hybrid Reluctance Motor With Permanent Magnets Inside Stator Common Poles

In this paper, a new E-core hybrid reluctance motor (HRM) is proposed with permanent magnets (PMs), placed inside stator common poles. This motor is a 2-phase 12/16 HRM, which is characterized by a stator composed of four E-cores and a rotor with the same configuration of switched reluctance motors. The three poles of each E-core are identified as a common pole in the middle with no windings and two excitation poles in the sides with concentric windings. The windings of the excitation poles are wound such that both phases generate flux in the same direction as the PMs flux, so the demagnetization problem of the PMs is solved. The proposed motor is analyzed, and in order to illustrate the features and improvements, it is compared with two other well-established HRMs of the same size based on the simulation results obtained from the finite element analysis method. Moreover, some parameters like average torque, output power, and efficiency are compared, and it is illustrated that the proposed motor has better specifications compared to the other two. Finally, to verify the accurate design and operation of the proposed motor, its experimental verification is performed.

Development of 3-DOF active controlled magnetic suspension system with common magnetic pole.

A compact active three-degree-of-freedom magnetic suspension system is fabricated which has a new configuration of magnetic poles. The fabricated magnetic suspension system has a differential structure consisting of an upper and a lower electromagnets. The electromagnet consists of four poles with coils and a single common pole whose opposite plane of the floator has a permanent magnet to achieve zero power control. Modal control is applied because local zero power control may make the whole system unstable when the number of control channel are larger than the number of freedom of motion to be controlled. The system parameters of each mode are identified experimentally to design the modal control system. The characteristics of the fabricated magnetic suspension system are studied experimentally.

Development of a Compact Axial Active Magnetic Bearing with a Function of Two-Tilt-Motion Control

A compact axial active magnetic bearing with a function of two-tilt-motion control is fabricated which has a new configuration of magnetic poles. They consist of four cylindrical poles with coils and a single common pole whose opposite plane of the rotor has a permanent magnet to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom zero power control. Modal control is applied because local zero power control may make the whole system unstable when the number of control channels is larger than the number of freedoms of motion to be controlled. In the developed system, a disk-shape rotor is sandwiched between two axial magnetic bearing stators that are operated differentially. Such a configuration makes it possible to rotate the rotor without disturbing the axial motion. The characteristics of the fabricated magnetic bearing system including rotation are studied experimentally.

Normal families of meromorphic functions and shared functions

The paper is devoted to the normal families of meromorphic functions and shared functions. Generalizing a result of Chang (2013), we prove the following theorem. Let h (≠≡ 0,∞) be a meromorphic function on a domain D and let k be a positive integer. Let F be a family of meromorphic functions on D, all of whose zeros have multiplicity at least k + 2, such that for each pair of functions f and g from F, f and g share the value 0, and f(k) and g(k) share the function h. If for every f ∈ F, at each common zero of f and h the multiplicities mf for f and mh for h satisfy mf ≥ mh + k + 1 for k > 1 and mf ≥ 2mh + 3 for k = 1, and at each common pole of f and h, the multiplicities nf for f and nh for h satisfy nf ≥ nh + 1, then the family F is normal on D.

The small satellites of Pluto as observed by New Horizons.

The New Horizons mission has provided resolved measurements of Pluto's moons Styx, Nix, Kerberos, and Hydra. All four are small, with equivalent spherical diameters of ~40 kilometers for Nix and Hydra and ~10 kilometers for Styx and Kerberos. They are also highly elongated, with maximum to minimum axis ratios of ~2. All four moons have high albedos (~50 to 90%) suggestive of a water-ice surface composition. Crater densities on Nix and Hydra imply surface ages of at least 4 billion years. The small moons rotate much faster than synchronous, with rotational poles clustered nearly orthogonal to the common pole directions of Pluto and Charon. These results reinforce the hypothesis that the small moons formed in the aftermath of a collision that produced the Pluto-Charon binary.

The EU Macro-Regions : Approaches and Patterns

With the decline of the nation state and the increasing importance of regionalisation, the EU has launched macro-regions, i.e., areas, including territories from several countries, that share common goals and operating under multi-level governance. This paper focuses on the EU territorial cooperation strategy, utilising the concept of "macro--region" and the perspective of the macro-regional approach. Following the first macro-regions (such as the Baltic Sea Region and the Danube Region), the EU recently launched the Adriatic-Ionian Macro-regional Strategy, which was seen as an additional tool for cooperation between local and regional authorities that overlooks the Adriatic Sea. Nevertheless, future developments in the region appear at the present to be quite uncertain, owing to structural industrial decline, rural marginalisation and a lack of infrastructure adequate to support the entire cooperation area. To overcome these constraints, the concept of macro-region must be strengthened by creating alternative ways to engage in cross-border cooperation between areas subject to similar conditions. Matching among regions that belong to different Euro-countries within the framework of a macro-region may be the best way to forge a consistent path towards territorial, economic and social integration. This will help to create a common pole of cooperation characterized by various strategies that can act as accelerators in creating territorial capital.