College Student Adjustment Research Articles

A Study on the Effect of Corona-19 Stress on College Student Adjustment to College Life - Mediating Effect of Depression

본 연구는 코로나19로 인해 받는 스트레스가 대학생의 대학생활적응에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 우울의 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 이를 위해 서울, 경기, 충청권 소재 276명을 대상으로 t-test, 상관분석, 매개 회귀분석 및 부트스트래핑(bootstrapping) 검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 코로나 스트레스 정도에 따라 대학생활 적응에 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 코로나 스트레스와 우울은 유의미한 정적 상관을 보였고, 코로나 스트레스와 대학생활적응은 부적 상관을 보였고, 우울과 대학생활적응은 부적 상관을 보였다. 셋째, 코로나19로 인한 스트레스는 대학생활적응에 부정적인 영향을 미치고, 스트레스가 우울을 매개로 하여 대학생활 적응에 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 의의 및 제한점, 후속 연구를 위한 제언 등에 대해 논의하였다.

Adaptation of the Turkish Language Version of the Inventory of New College Student Adjustment: The Roles of Resilience and Social Self-Efficacy in College Adjustment

Transition from high school to college can be a struggle for many students. To support the first-year college students during the transition, various factors can be taken into consideration. In this study, we focused on the role of resilience, social self-efficacy, college orientation, and student organization involvement in college adjustment among the first-year Turkish college students. Using snowball sampling, we distributed our online survey package across Turkey and recruited a total of 346 participants. To measure the concept of college adjustment, we developed and validated Turkish language version of the Inventory of New College Student Adjustment (INCA-T) due to the limitations of existing instruments. The confirmatory factor analysis results indicated that the 10-item INCA-T revealed a good fit with Turkish sample. Then, using INCA-T, we evaluated the relationship among college adjustment, resilience, social self-efficacy, attendance of a student orientation program, and involvement in student organizations. Multiple regression analysis results showed that resilience and social self-efficacy were significant predictors of college adjustment among the first-year students. Also, individuals participating in student orientation and student organizations reported significantly greater adjustment to college. Considering the findings of the present study, we discussed implications for faculty advisors and college counselors, then provided recommendations for future researchers.

학사경고자 대학생을 위한 온라인 학습지원 집단상담 프로그램 개발

Objectives The purpose of this study was to develop an online learning support group counseling program for academic probation college students, focusing on strength coaching and mental coaching techniques, and to explore their satisfaction on the program and the effects of the program on improving their academic achievement. Methods To achieve the goals of this study, first of all the program was developed based on the group counseling program development model suggested by Chang-Dai Kim(2011) and video counseling operation manual suggested by Soo-Youn Soh(2020), which is composed of 5 sessions, and each session took 50 minutes. Next, a questionnaire was administered to 86 academic probation college students who participated in the program to measure their program satisfaction. And their grade point averages were analyzed with two dependent-sample t-tests to see if they improved with 60 students enrolled in classes of the semester right after participating in the program. Results The results of this study are as follows. First, academic probation college students showed high satisfaction(4.2) with the program. Second, it was showed that they received help in 5 main areas of college life adjustment(self management, interpersonal relationship, career, academic, understanding of major and academic information). Third, 80% of the students enrolled in classes of the semester right after participating in the program improved in grade point average of the semester and did not receive academic probation. Conclusions It was found that the program developed in this study could contribute to college life adjustment and academic achievement of academic probation college students. Also, the discussion and implications based on the main results of this study were provided for the operation of online learning support group counseling programs using strength coaching and mental coaching techniques.

Qualitative Analysis Method for Training of College Students’ Entrepreneurial Resilience from the Perspective of Entrepreneurial Ecological Environment


 Due to the constraints of the entrepreneurial ecological environment and the heterogeneity of the individual college students and their interpersonal relationships and situations, some specific problems like psychological potential development and stress buffering effect in the process of college students’ entrepreneurial resilience cultivation have not been fundamentally resolved. Therefore, this paper explores the qualitative analysis method for cultivation of college students’ entrepreneurial resilience from the perspective of entrepreneurial ecological environment. First, the relationship among the main roles in the entrepreneurial ecosystem was shown, the homogeneity-driven integration process of the strategies for college students’ entrepreneurial resilience cultivation was expounded, and a knowledge interaction model for college students’ entrepreneurial resilience cultivation was constructed. Then, a conceptual model of college students’ entrepreneurial heterogeneity was constructed, and a dynamic evolution analysis was performed on the homogenization-oriented complementary adjustment of college students’ entrepreneurial ecological environment. The experiment showed that the empirical results of the constructed model basically met the theoretical expectations. Finally, the experimental results under the completely heterogeneous, generally homogenized and completely homogeneous states were given and discussed, which verified the effectiveness of the homogenization-oriented complementation strategy.

An Experimental Study of the Interventional Effects of Qigong Exercise on College Students with Different Personality Types

This paper explored the effects of practicing Qigong, a traditional Chinese fitness method which includes the imitation of the Five- animal exercise, on the psychological adjustment of college students with different personality types. Through the study of 220 college students aging from 19 to 22 a study of the responses made on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Symptom check list-90 (SCL-90)] provided scientific data that supported the idea that Chinese traditional health preservation exercises can improve the mental health of college students. Specifically, after 12-week Qigong exercise, the total symptom index, interpersonal sensibility, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid-anxiety, depression, psychoticism and anger-hostility of the participants significantly differed from baseline. There were also significant differences in somatization and anxiety. In the female participants in the experimental group, there was a very significant difference in terms of anger-hostility, and there were also significant differences in terms of paranoid-anxiety and psychoticism, and in somatization, depression and the total symptom index. Further improvements are described.

The Relationship Between Adjustment and Mental Health of Chinese Freshmen: The Mediating Effect of Security and the Moderating Effect of Gender.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many universities are confronted with campus lockdown or even school closures to reduce the risk of infection. However, these measures pose a threat to the mental health of adolescents. In particular, freshmen who have just entered the university campus may suffer from more serious mental health risks. In this study, 1,818 freshmen were analyzed by using the Chinese College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS), Sense of Security Questionnaire (SQ), and Symptom Check List 90 (SCL-90) of the qualitative method. The results showed that adjustment had an impact on mental health. Firstly, there was a significant negative association between adjustment and mental health. Secondly, adjustment had a significant predictive effect on mental health. Finally, a sense of security and gender affected the relationship between adjustment and mental health. Collectively, adjustment, sense of security, and gender exerted impacts on the mental health of freshmen, suggesting that we should create a warm and harmonious campus environment for students and conduct targeted education for male and female students.

A Correlational Study Examining the Relationship Between Psychological Distress and Academic Adjustment in Technical College

As college students are in a period of transitioning from teenage years to adulthood, they typically will experience multiple levels of psychological distress, and these stressors influence their studies. This research presents to investigate the relationship between psychological distress and academic adjustment in technical college students in Kuching, Sarawak. This research used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional survey. The instruments in this study applied the Counseling Center Assessment of Psychological Symptoms-34 (CCAPS-34) for psychological distress domains and the Academic Adjustment Scale (AAS) for academic adjustment domains. The students were given a web link to the survey questionnaire. The respondents

Locus of control and pre-pandemic depressive symptoms relate to psychological adjustment of college students to the COVID-19 pandemic

Objective: The current study examines the relationships between change in depressive symptoms and locus of control orientations among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants: A sample of 341 undergraduate students were recruited from a large Midwestern United States university.Methods: Participants completed an online cross-sectional survey with self-report measures of current depressive symptoms, retrospective pre-pandemic depressive symptoms, and locus of control.Results: Depressive symptoms changed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic (t(340) = 7.49, p < 0.01). Pre-pandemic depressive symptoms predicted symptom change with the greatest changes among students who had fewer pre-pandemic symptoms (b = −0.58, p < 0.01) and higher external locus of control orientation (b = 0.24, p < 0.01).Conclusions: An increased presence of mental health resources is needed on college campuses and external locus of control should be targeted through clinical intervention as a risk factor for adverse depressive responses to stressors among college students.

The Research on Adjustment of University Students in Financial Hardship

Funding university students in financial hardship is one of the most important works in education field of China. This paper researches how to adjust the level of students in financial hardship with considering the effect of dormitory culture construction (DCC) and consumption. An evaluation system with considering self-satisfaction, moral performance, academic performance, academic potential, volunteering outside the dormitory, and dormitory hygiene performance is established to measure the effect of DCC and, applying the binary Logistic regression model, the validity of the system is examined. On the basis of taking subjective evaluation and objective quantitative factors into full consideration, the Analytic hierarchy process model is then utilized for the estimation of the effect of DCC, combined with the analysis of campus consumption behavior questionnaire, students’ consumption behavior is divided into 4 categories by K-means clustering algorithm, meanwhile, the average value for each category can be calculated. This paper takes the necessary consumption as the base, determine the adjustment strategy according to the ranking of the effect of DCC to make our funding work more reasonable and efficient. The data from South-Central Minzu University is used to check the model, The comparison of the results before and after adjustment is shown in this paper, and the comparison results reveal that our model has a good stability and can recognize the growth of students.

The Relationship Between Internal-external Personality Traits, Social Support and School Adjustment of College Students With Left-behind Experience

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Association between Negative Life Events on Mental Health and College Student Adjustment: A Mediated Moderating Effect.

Objective: To explore the association between negative life events and college student adjustment and to explore the mediating and moderating effects of social support and grade level in the relationship between the two. Methods. The research was conducted with 1717 college students using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), China College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results. (1) Negative life events were significantly negative in correlation with adjustment and social support (r = −0.373, −0.174, Ps < 0.001), while social support was significantly positive in correlation with adjustment (r = 0.359, P < 0.001). (2) The main effects of negative life events, social support, and grade on adjustment were significant (effect = −0.190, P < 0.001, 95% CI [−0.288∼−0.092]; effect = 0.307, P < 0.001, 95% CI [0.265∼0.348]; effect = 0.163, P < 0.001, 95% CI [0.126∼0.200]). (3) In the relationship between negative life events and adjustment, social support played a mediating role (effect = −0.054, 95% CI [−0.071∼−0.037]) and grade level played a moderating role (effect = −0.049, P=0.009, 95% CI [−0.085∼−0.012]). Conclusion. Negative life events, social support, and grade level affected college student adjustment, and social support networks for college students should be actively constructed and targeted education should be conducted according to different grade levels, which can promote college student adjustment.

Campus sport experience as catalyst for college student adjustment and well-being

ABSTRACT Interest in college students’ adjustment is rising along with the expansion of the well-being trend. In particular, when individuals first enter a university, they are under stress and experience various challenges due to the new environment and tasks. While participating in and spectating sports provide numerous benefits at individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and societal levels, the impact of sport-related experiences on well-being in the context of college students’ campus experiences has not been comprehensively addressed. Taking the findings into account, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of participant and spectator sport experience on college student well-being through college adjustment and college life satisfaction. A total of 304 responses were collected from students who experienced both participant and spectator sport during their first-year in college. Results showed that participating in and spectating college sport did not directly affect college students’ well-being but indirectly influence college students’ well-being via college adjustment and college life satisfaction. Given the importance of college student adjustment and college life satisfaction, the findings shed light on participant and spectator sport as imperative determinants of college life well-being as well as provide practical implications in the college setting.

코로나19 스트레스와 대학생활 적응: 자아탄력성과 사회적 지지의 다중매개효과

본 연구는 코로나19로 인한 스트레스가 대학생활 적응에 미치는 영향을 확인하고, 이때 자아탄력성과 사회적 지지의 매개효과를 검증하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 서울·경기 지역 대학에 다니는 대학생을 대상으로 온라인 설문 조사를 수행하였고, 최종 338명의 응답 자료에 대하여 빈도분석과 기술통계, 독립표본 t검정과 분산분석, 상관분석, 매개 회귀분석, PROCESS macro 4번 모형을 적용한 부트스트래핑(bootstrapping) 검증 등을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 대학생의 코로나19 스트레스는 보통에 가깝고 대학생활 적응은 보통보다 약간 높은 수준이었는데, 이때 성별 및 주관적 학업성취에 따른 차이가 유의미하게 발견되어 여학생 및 학업성취가 낮은 학생이 코로나19 상황 속 스트레스와 대학생활 적응에 보다 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 변인들의 관계를 살펴보면, 코로나19 스트레스는 대학생활 적응에 직접적인 부(-)적 영향을 미치고, 이들 관계에서 자아탄력성과 사회적 지지가 다중매개효과를 갖는 것으로 검증되었다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 코로나19 상황 속 대학의 교육과 상담, 복지 실천에 대한 제언을 논하였다.

Effects of Facets of Mindfulness on College Adjustment Among First-Year Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Resilience.

IntroductionCollege life is a challenging stage for students to transition from adolescence to early adulthood. College students need to adjust to various problems, including those related to learning, campus life, interpersonal relationships, career selection, emotions, and self. The aim of this study was to test the associations between different facets of mindfulness, resilience, and college adjustment, as well as the mediation effect of resilience between mindfulness and college adjustment among first-year college students.MethodsThis survey study recruited 765 first-year college students in China. The psychological variables were assessed by the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Chinese College Student Adjustment Scale.ResultsIt has been showed in the current study that mindfulness and resilience were positively correlated with college adjustment. Resilience significantly mediated the associations between four dimensions of mindfulness (ie, describing, acting with awareness, observing and non-reactivity) and college adjustment.ConclusionThe findings support the potential importance of enhancing mindfulness and resilience to facilitate adjustment among first-year college students. Limitations and implications are discussed.

Loneliness, college belongingness, subjective vitality, and psychological adjustment during coronavirus pandemic: Development of the College Belongingness Questionnaire

Loneliness is a serious risk factor for healthy development and flourishing. Although loneliness has been revealed to play an important role in psychological health and well-being, little is known about moderating and mitigating mechanisms underlying this association, especially during adverse experiences (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic). The current study purposed to explore whether subjective vitality mediated the association of loneliness with psychological adjustment and whether college belongingness moderated the mediating effect of subjective vitality on students’ adjustment in the context of loneliness. The study sample comprised 333 undergraduate students (69% female) from a public university in Turkey. They ranged in age between 19 and 41 years (M= 21.94, SD= 4.15). Findings from mediation analysis revealed that loneliness had a significant predictive effect on subjective vitality and psychological adjustment challenges. Subjective vitality also mediated the effect of loneliness on the psychological adjustment of college students. Further, college belongingness moderated the mediating effect of subjective vitality on adjustment and had a protective effect on the association between loneliness and subjective vitality in college students. These results indicate that subjective vitality and college belongingness are important mechanisms that may help develop prevention and intervention strategies to foster students’ psychological health and well-being in university settings.

Mediating Effects of Insecure Adult Attachment and Nunchi on the Relationship between Life Stress and College Adjustment in College Students

Mediating Effects of Insecure Adult Attachment and Nunchi on the Relationship between Life Stress and College Adjustment in College Students

Coronavirus Anxiety and Psychological Adjustment in College Students: Exploring the Role of College Belongingness and Social Media Addiction.

The psychological health of people all around the world is severely affected due to the COVID-19 outbreak. This study examined a moderated mediation model in which college belongingness mediated the relationship between coronavirus anxiety and psychological adjustment, and this mediation effect was moderated by social media addiction. A total of 315 undergraduate students (M = 21.65±3.68 years and 67% females) participated in this study. The results demonstrated that college belongingness partially mediated the association between coronavirus anxiety and psychological adjustment. The mediating part from coronavirus anxiety to college belongingness was moderated by social media addiction. In comparison with the high level of social media addiction, coronavirus anxiety had a stronger predictive effect on college belongingness under the low and moderate levels of social media addiction condition. Our findings highlight that college belongingness is a potential mechanism explaining how coronavirus anxiety is related to psychological adjustment and that this relation may depend on the levels of social media addiction.

The relation on academic achievement, major selection motivation, Work values, and Campus life adjustment of health college students

The relation on academic achievement, major selection motivation, Work values, and Campus life adjustment of health college students

A study on the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, college adjustment, major satisfaction, and academic motivation in college students

A study on the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, college adjustment, major satisfaction, and academic motivation in college students

Shyness and social adjustment in Chinese college students: A moderated mediation of alienation and school connectedness

Existing studies have explored the relationship between shyness and specific indicators of social adjustment of children or middle school students, indicating that individuals with shyness have social maladjustment. However, few studies have examined the overall social adjustment and underlying mechanisms of college students. Therefore, the present study explored the influence of shyness on the overall social adjustment of college students and its underlying mechanism from the perspective of individuals’ interaction with their environment. 1201 participants (Mage = 19.43, SD = 1.40) from two universities in China were measured using the College Student Shyness Scale, Adolescent Alienation Scale, School Connectedness Scale, and Chinese College Student Adjustment Scale. The results showed that shyness was negatively associated with social adjustment and that alienation partially mediated the relationship between them. Moreover, this mediation effect was moderated by school connectedness. Specifically, school connectedness moderated the second stage of the mediating process, that is, school connectedness could effectively alleviate the social maladjustment caused by alienation, and the protection effect of this moderation on low alienation was more obvious. These findings enrich the research on social adjustment of college students, and show that reducing alienation and strengthening school connectedness can alleviate the maladjustment of shy college students.