Collective Unconsciousness Research Articles

Hong Kong vampire films: anxious imaginings of death and illness

ABSTRACT Much of the scholarship on the Hong Kong vampire film has analysed the genre as a type of ghost film, conflating the form of the vampire creature with the concept of the ghost. This paper takes a different approach in analysing the Hong Kong vampire film as a distinct genre. The vampire has a special physicality that is resurrected after death; it is an embodied entity that resembles a human and has developed through a cross-fertilization of Eastern and Western ideas. I explore the genre’s complexity in three ways. Firstly, I analyse its characteristics and cultural sources, placing emphasis on the Chinese vampire that provides the template for the Hong Kong form. Secondly, I examine Hong Kong vampire films through the lens of the imagining of rebirth in the funeral culture of Chinese Taoism. Thirdly, I consider the ‘metaphor of illness’ and the theme of identity crisis. Exploring films from the 1980s and 1990s, this paper shows how Hong Kong people found a way to reimagine rebirth and resurrection aside from the representation of ghosts. Furthermore, it analyzes how the genre represents the anxiety of the collective unconsciousness prior to the 1997 handover of Hong Kong.

NABOKOV VS. DOSTOEVSKY: THE DUALITY OF STANDARDS AND A UNIVERSAL MESSAGE CONVEYED

Literature underwent thousands of phases that caused people to react distinctly to the endless fluid of literary perception. The purpose of this study is to highlight the impact this continuity of changes had and still have on literary criticism. To epitomize the previous idea, we had to juxtapose the lives of two writers who witnessed different eras: Dostoevsky and Nabokov. The two figures experienced their intertwined fates with variant attitudes and welcomed all the occurrences with an open mind, a number of life-changing works sprang up from their collections of events and particularly personal accounts. This paper also aims to psychologically apply the former nuances of Nabokov’s criticism on Dostoevsky on his own writings in order to demonstrate the identical traits of the literary artist. The Jungian Theory served in this sense to bridge the gap between them and emphasize the emergence of the collective unconscious in the literary realm. Keywords: community, criticism, Jungian Theory, collective unconsciousness

HISTORICO-PHILOSOPHICAL ЕХРLICATION OF THE PHENOMENON PERSONALITY: A VIEW THROUGH THE LENS OF JUNG’S OF THE ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY

The article is devoted to the historico-philosophical analysis of the phenomenon of personality in the receptive field of psychoanalytic views of Carl Gustav Jung. It is established, that personality is a conglomerate, that is a set of two opposite psychic structures: (a) consciousness (Ego) – the areas of self-awareness and (b) the areas of unconsciousness (personal unconsciousness and collective unconsciousness),which to the form a holistic image of the personality (deu. gestalt). For it is known, that personality is an organic whole only provided if the coherence of all structures of the psyche. It is underlined, that thanks to the symbiotic combination of the upper and lower layers of the psyche was formed a «holistic canvas» of the collective unconscious. In fact, this kind of syncretism can be explained only by the fact that consciousness and the personal unconsciousness (the area of conflicts and repressed, forgotten, repressed memories, which were previously realized and eventually fixed as complexes) are inherited psychic dispositional structures of the collective unconsciousness, which is storage the lion’s share of displaced «forgotten» information. It is emphasized, that the collective unconsciousness (the lower layer of the mental structure) is a reservoir for instincts and archetypes (historical experience inherited from previous generations). It is substantiated, that each personality belongs to a certain type of «psychological attitude» => [extrovert] – [ambievert] – [introvert] and on the basis of this analysis were identified peculiarities of each of the presented types.

Motherhood and Mother Nature: A Study of Myth and Magic through Amitav Ghosh’s and Wayétu Moore’s Selected Works

Contemporary thoughts in the fields of literature and science lead to an interdisciplinary effort to bring along the issues common to both disciplines involved. The post-colonial and post-modern era of literature see literature and society along and literary exponents stamp their responsibilities to take up the serious societal crises and bring the awareness arousing a socio-consciousness in the reading public. This paper tight spots magical realism as one of the experiential tools employed by authors, Amitav Gosh, an Indian writer and winner of the 54th Jnanpith award and Wayétu Moore, a Liberian-American author and entrepreneur, to discuss the contemporary issues such as immigration, climate change, enslavement, etc through the employment of myth and magic. Environmental Humanities is best explained with the advocacy of magic realism. Of all the important supernatural elements, (which is the formula of magic realism) presented in both of the selected novels, Gun Island (2019) and She Would Be King (2018), this paper in detail, deals with only two components that are common in both the texts. They are i) the omnipotent natural force, wind and ii) the most powerful and dangerous species, snake. Both of these components are presented as commanding aid of the two literary texts to progress towards the solution to the catastrophic environmental complications. Both novels employ characters bitten by poisonous snakes, attaining extraordinary powers and also one can witness the power of wind, as omniscient, omnipresent and omnipotent natural force. This paper is comparison of collective unconsciousness of two authors and their artful works irrespective of their genders, age and geography.

KETIDAKSADARAN KOLEKTIF TOKOH DALAM NOVEL ANAK RANTAU KARYA AHMAD FUADI: KAJIAN PSIOKOLOGI ANALITIS CARLGUSTAV JUNG

Literary works are closely related to everyday human life and are the thoughts or expressions of the author. Literary works as the author's expression represent experiences, thoughts, feelings, and ideas expressed by using language as the medium. This study aims to analyze the collective unconsciousness of the characters in Ahmad Fuadi's novel Anak Rantau through the psychoanalytic approach of Carl Gustav Jung. This research is a type of library research. The research data is in the form of a novel entitled Anak Rantau by Ahmad Fuadi. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. From the results of the study, it was found: (1) the personal role of Datuk Marajo, which displays a different character to cover the character that belongs to him, (2) the role of the archetype of anima in Martiaz, namely the feminine side of a man, (3) ) the role of shadow (shadow) in the character Jenggo to cover his mistakes, and (4) the role of self-archetype (self) in Datuk Marajo to get calm.

DESIGN TO NOT DESIGN —THOUGHTS ON THE DESIGN OF PLAYING SPACES FOR YOUNG CHILDREN

To all kinds of design, the negotiation between the expression of designers’ idea and the representation of users’ desire is a typical internal tension of design. Particularly, the balancing of the internal tension of the design for children requires sophisticated solutions, because the needs of the actual users are often (mis-)represented by the desire of their parents. Therefore, in addition to satisfying social needs, the designers should also recognize the collective unconsciousness of adults who express on behalf of children. Taking the studies in Developmental Psychology and Anthropology as reference, this article focuses on playing, instead of knowledge acquisition, and discusses the balancing of the internal tension of the design of playing spaces for children, especially for the preschoolers. This article aims at revealing the role of games to children’s psychological and intelligence growth, as well as their game playing mechanism, by answering two questions: why do children play games and how do they play? By illustrating a case study on the playground design of the COBY Preschool in Japan, the proposed concept of “design to not design” is expected to inspire the design of children’s playing spaces.

Image of Power in the Context of Archetype Theory

Images of statesmen often reflect the social and social phenomena that occur in society, since they become the value choice of the majority of the population. This article proposes the hypothesis that values reflect the archetypes of the collective unconsciousness. In this regard, the study of archetypes, on the one hand, contributes to the creation of continuity of deep value bases between past and future generations. On the other hand, it allows to analyze and predict the success or failure of public and state initiatives. Also, in times of crisis and spread of pseudo-values, we can talk about the manifestation of the Shadow archetype in the images of false heroes in society. The article considers the archetype of the Shadow through the analysis of portraits of Russian political figures of the 90s, presented in the concept of Russian sociologist Zh.T. Toshchenko.

The Modern-Day Feminine Beauty Ideal, Mental Health, and Jungian Archetypes

Introduction: It can be argued that beauty is not only an aesthetic value, but it is also a social capital which is supported by the global beauty industry. Advertising kindly offers all kinds of ways to acquire and maintain beauty and youth that require large investments. Recent studies demonstrate that physical attractiveness guided by modern sociocultural standards is associated with a higher level of psychological well-being, social ease, assertiveness, and confidence. What is behind this pursuit of ideal beauty and eternal youth: the life-long struggle for survival, selfless love for beauty, or something else that lurks in the depths of the human unconscious?
 Purpose: The aim of the paper is to analyze the modern-day feminine beauty ideal through the lens of Jungian archetypes.
 Methodology: An extensive literary review of relevant articles for the period 2000-2020 was performed using PubMed and Google databases, with the following key words: “Feminine beauty ideal, body image, beauty and youth, mental health problems, C.G. Jung, archetypes of collective unconsciousness”. Along with it, the author used Jung’s theory of archetypes, integrative anthropological approach, and hermeneutical methodology.
 Results and Discussion: Advertising and the beauty industry have a huge impact on women and their self-image. Exposure to visual media depicting idealized faces and bodies causes a negative or distorted self-image. The new globalized and homogenized beauty ideal emphasizes youth and slimness. Over the past few decades, the emphasis on this ideal has been accompanied by an increase in the level of dissatisfaction with their bodies among both women and men. Though face and body image concerns are not a mental health condition in themselves, they have a negative impact on women’s mental health being associated with body dysmorphic disorder, social anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, depression, eating disorders, psychological distress, low self-esteem, self-harm, suicidal feelings. These trends are of real concern.
 The interiorization of the modern standards of female beauty as the image of a young girl impedes the psychological development of women and causes disintegration disabling the interconnection of all elements of the psyche and giving rise to deep contradictions. This unattainable ideal is embodied in the Jungian archetype of the Kore. Without maturity transformations, the image of the Kore, which is so attractive to the modern world, indicates an undeveloped part of the personality. Her inability to grow up and become mature has dangerous consequences. Women “restrain their forward movement” becoming an ideal object of manipulation. Thus, they easily internalize someone’s ideas about what the world should be and about their “right” place in it losing the ability to think critically and giving away power over their lives.
 Conclusion: Overcoming the psychological threshold of growing up, achieving deep experience and inner growth, a woman discovers another aspect of the Kore, ceases to be an object of manipulation and accepts reality as it is, while her beauty becomes multifaceted and reflects all aspects of her true personality

Religion and Myth as Two Dimensions of Collective Unconsciousness in Kaka Mam Botany’s WazyacaniRashagom

Religion and Myth as Two Dimensions of Collective Unconsciousness in Kaka Mam Botany’s WazyacaniRashagom

Challenging the Archetypes: Re-visitation of Fairy Tales

This study aims to highlight how the revisited American fairytale movies shun the archetypal symbols, characters and situations of the previous fairy tales. The researcher analyzes the new set of norms that are proposed by the postmodernists, which are positioned to shun the metanarratives and work against totality by waging war against it (Lyotard 71-82). The perspective in doing so is to find out the changes in the original stories which have challenged the collective unconsciousness. Collective Unconscious, according to Jung, are the unconscious feelings present among human beings as species. They are universally present in every man's psyche, and the unconscious of man has some primal images, which are depicted through symbols. These symbols are not limited to any particular culture or history (Four Archetypes 4). Jung calls the contents of the collective unconscious the "archetypes" (4). Postmodernists have challenged the archetypal patterns stated by the philosophers of archetypes, and they have attempted to break these archetypal patterns, or according to the postmodernists, the "metanarratives".

Jung and the Importance of Religious Experience: the Therapeutic Effect of Inner Experience through Sandplay Therapy

Jung saw religious experiences as the most important human factor and introduced us to the psychological and ontological values of these religious experiences. Jung’s profound psychological insights helped religious people take a new perspective on their religious life. This paper focuses on Jung’s interest in various religious areas, including understanding of Christianity, the relationship between Christianity and shadow, and the relationship between psychotherapy and religious sanctification. Among the many psychotherapeutic approaches that Jung Psychology utilizes, sand play therapy has been developed based on a deep understanding of the collective unconsciousness and ego conscious development process. Through clinical case study, this researcher analyzed on how sand play therapy affected the client’s religious maturation process. Sandplay therapy provides a window through which change and integration of the mental structure can be seen. As a result, it helps us to experience the symbolically expressed self and to integrate unfulfilled areas, which contributes to the sanctification process and provides insights for us to see life in abundance and depth.

Favoloso diritto: metafore del potere ne “Lo Cunto de li Cunti”

A contribuição analisa a relação entre conto de fadas e discurso jurídico, entre direito e teatro. Como case study, concentra-se em “O conto dos contos”, de Giambattista Basile, texto clássico da tradição italiana, e no conto “Le tre corone”, em que se evidenciam conteúdos jurídicos e políticos. O ensaio sustenta a tese de que as fábulas são dispositivos narratológicos nos quais se condensam valores e arquétipos do inconsciente coletivo de determinadas comunidades, situadas no tempo e no espaço. Por esse motivo, elas são de grande interesse para a cultura literária do Direito.

P-Consciousness, A-Consciousness and Freedom (the Function of Consciousness and the Future of Humanity)

The French version of this paper can be found at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=3525426.. In order to understand how human freedom presents itself, I have proposed to distinguish the space of options that can be chosen, from the decision-making instance that chooses. In the first part of the article, starting with the distinction between access consciousness and phenomenal consciousness, we will look at how consciousness participates in the decision-making instance. In the second part, after having argued that the function of consciousness is survival, we will integrate another characteristic of human consciousness, joint attention. This will allow us to define the concepts of collective consciousness and collective unconsciousness, with the hope of reducing the latter by improving the former.

Board Role Games as a Factor in the Development of the Transcendent Function of the Psyche

The article covers issues related to the psychology of KG Jung, namely with the transcendent function of the psyche. The basic concepts and provisions of the analytical approach of KG Jung are considered such as archetype, collective unconsciousness, player position, transcendence, transcendental function and others. The authors investigates such things as transcendent function of psyche as a necessary mental factor for the successful beginning and transference of the individuation process and relations between it and board role games. The article also pays attention to such an issue as the importance of creative activity manifestations for the normalization of the work of the transcendental function and the psyche as a whole. The phenomenon of board role games as manifestations of creative activity is considered. The study of the phenomenon of board role games and their possible connection with the state of the transcendent function of the psyche is considered due to the fact that board role games have gained significant popularity among young people. Peculiarities of game as a type of human activity and board role games in the process of transcendental function development of psyche are determined. The main types of role-playing games in general are named. Definitions of the basic concepts inherent in the subculture of board role-playing games today are given. The authors consider that during the board role-playing game, there is a violent activity of the collective unconscious archetypes, which in turn entails the need to use the transcendental function of the psyche of the players in order to become aware of these undefined mental contents. Based on the above, we can say that the article may be useful for professionals interested in the relationship of the Jungian approach with creative processes, namely its practical side, the importance of modern youth subcultures. Considering the results of the research, the conclusion was made that board role games are the factor in the development of the transcendental function of the psyche.

Transformation of patterns of the collective unconsciousness as a factor of formation of meta-genre form of the mystery

Transformation of patterns of the collective unconsciousness as a factor of formation of meta-genre form of the mystery

신화적 원형의 브랜드 내러티브 적용에 따른 의미 생성 경로의 적합성과 소비자 설득 효과

This study takes an argumentative and exploratory approach to investigate the semantic generation of differentiated brand narratives, reflective of mythical archetypes, and its persuasion effect. This study will examine if storytelling, which carries archetypes of collective unconsciousness, such as collective dream, instinctive desire, emotional feelings, can effectively create a brand concept and the generative path of meaning, when combined with brand motif and narratives. In addition, this paper will take an argumentative approach to prove the inference that mythical brand narratives, through the process of internal priming, has a meaningful effect on activating persuasion knowledge. Finally, this study will examine whether brand narratives can be a useful mean to increase the emotional bond among brand identify, brand personality, and consumers, and also determine if brand narratives can help strengthen brand-self connection.

إشكال وعي منتجومري وات بالوحي المحمدي: دراسة تحليلية نقدية

تنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى حقل الدراسات الفكرية الإسلامية المدافعة عن الإسلام ونبيه صلى الله عليه وسلم، من شبهات المستشرقين وتفسيراتهم غير العلمية لموضوع الوحي الإلهي المنزل على نبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم بواسطة جبريل عليه السلام. وتلقي الضوء على الإشكاليات التي وقع بها المستشرق البريطاني وليم منتجومري وات (William Montgomery Watt, 1909-2006) في دراسته وتفسيره لضروب وأشكال تلقي النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم للوحي الإلهي المنزل عليه من الله تعالى. استناداً إلى المصادر الاستشراقية القديمة والحديثة التي شكلت وعي منتجومري وات بموضوع الوحي المحمدي، وفسرته بالقياس إلى الإلهام الشعري، والسحر والتنجيم، والتصوف وغيره. وأسقطت على الوحي نظريات التحليل النفسي لعلم النفس والنظريات الفلسفية كنظرية: الروحانية الخلاقة، والخيال الخلاق، واللاوعي الجمعي، وغيرها من النظريات التي لا تنتمي إلى حقل الدراسات اللاهوتية الدينية والعقائدية ذات الخصوصية في كل دين. وكَشَفَت عن الأهداف والغايات المعرفية الاستشراقية القريبة والبعيدة، من وراء دراسة منتجومري وات للوحي المحمدي وفقاً لهذه النظريات والتفسيرات؛ بغية إحالة الوحي المحمدي كاصطفاء إلهي لا يتكرر شخصه وموضوعه، نتج عنه القرآن الكريم كلام الله الذي لا يأتيه الباطل من بين يديه ولا من خلفه، والمصدر الأساسي للأحكام التعبدية والتشريعية عند المسلمين، إلى ظاهرة كلامية ناتجة عن العقل الجمعي اللاواعي للنبي صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ كما تذهب تفسيرات منتجومري وات ـ ليتساوى بعد ذلك القرآن الكريم مع غيره من النصوص الأخرى؛ تمهيداً لتجريده من قدسيته التي يكتسبها بحكم مصدريته الإلهيةـ والتعامل معه بعد ذلك كنص من النصوص البشرية تطبق عليه النظريات الأدبية والفلسفية، والمناهج الألسنية والنفسية والاجتماعية.

Comparative Studies in Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse and The Fox and The Cat

This article attempts to analyze Comparative Studies in Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse and The Fox and The Cat that uses comparative studies to find differences and similarities of resolution in Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse and The Fox and The Cat.This article uses resolution concepts that two stories have collective unconsciousness that little friends may prove great friends. This article uses comparative studies to find resolution in Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse and The Fox and The Cat.The study aims at comparing two different literary works that describe how the two main characters from the two stories face complication and achieve resolution.The results of this article can be formulated as follows: 1) Resolution concepts can be seen in Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse and The Fox and The Cat because they can solve their complications. The two main characters of two stories face complication when they meet a hunter, their friends come to solve complication.2) Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse and The Fox and The Cat have similarities and differences. The similarities of the two stories are the two main characters faces complication because of hunter, themes of the two stories are friendship. Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse and The Fox and The Cat achieve resolution by attendance of their friends. The differences of two stories are the way of the two main characters to meet a hunter. In Aesop’s The Lion and The Mouse, The lion can escape from hunter because of the mouse’s help as his friend.In Aesop’s The Fox and The Cat, a cat can escape from hunter because the cat does not follow a fox’s suggestion because his the fox has a hundred safe way from hunter but he cannot save his life from huntsmen.

일본 근대문학의 집합적 무의식과 터부 - 마쓰모토 세이초(松本清張)의 「모래그릇(砂の器)」을 중심으로 -

마쓰모토 세이초가 중시했던 것은 자기중심적인 ‘주인공(자기)’의 세계인 사소설적 소설이 아닌 사회적 감각이었다. 이러한 작가의 사회적 감각은 일본 문학이라는 풍토에서는 중시되지 않았었다. 세이초는 스스로 다른 작가들과 달리 실생활에서 작품 소재를 발굴하고 있다고 자부하고 있었다. 그것은 실생활에 근거하지 못하고 인공적으로 현실을 왜곡하는 사소설적 리얼리즘(작가 자신이 경험한 사실만이 진실이라는 믿음)에서 탈피하고자 하는 결연한 의지이기도 했다. 인간의 숙명(진실)이라는 거대한 담론 앞에 범죄의 배후와 동기가 ‘우연의 일치’라는 사회적 장치(트릭)를 통해 서사를 끌고 나가는 세이초 미스터리의 진면목이기도 하다. 독자로 하여금 사회를 추리하고 현실을 읽어내는 자세를 환기함으로써 소설에 공감하고 몰입하게 만든다. 이는 서사구조의 박력감이 더해지면서 미스터리적 요소가 강화되는 것이다. 이처럼 범죄동기와 사회성이 결합된 사회파추리소설 󰡔모래그릇󰡕이 지니는 의미는 크다. 그것은 불완전하나마 사회성의 도입 계기가 되는 ‘동기’에 대한 서사에 성공하고 있기 때문이다. 결론적으로 본 논문에서는 세이초가 개인으로는 환원 불가능한 것으로서의 사회라는 개념을 도입함으로써 일본 근대문학의 집합적 무의식과 터부를 환기하고 있다는 점에 주목하고 있다.

Archetype in Grimm’s Cinderella and Rapunzel

This article attempts to analyze archetype in Grimm’s Cinderella and Rapunzel that uses comparative studies to find differences and similarities of archetype in Grimm’s Cinderella and Rapunzel. This article uses archetype concepts that two stories have collective unconsciousness that love can solve problem. This article uses comparative studies to find archetype in Grimm’s Cinderella and Rapunzel. The study aims at comparing two different literary works. The results of this article can be formulated as follows: 1) Archetype concepts can be seen in Grimm’s Cinderella and Rapunzel because they have same characters types and themes. The two main characters of two stories face complication from harsh condition but after meeting a prince, their life change better. The themes of two stories are love. 2) Archetype in Grimm’s Cinderella and Rapunzel have similarities and differences. The similarities of the two stories are the two main characters faces complication because of bad women, themes of the two stories are love. Archetype in Grimm’s Cinderella and Rapunzel get resolution by marrying a prince. The differences of two stories are the way of the two main characters to meet a prince. In Cinderella comes to the prince party with fairy’s help and leaves her shoes that lead to prince meets and marries her. In Grimm’s Rapunzel, she meets a prince in a tower by using her long hair. Keywords: Archetype, Collective unconsciousness, Comparative Studies.