Cognitive Semantic Approach Research Articles

Ironi dalam Novel “Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar” Karya Tere Liye: Analisis Semantik Kognitif

This study examines irony in the novel Teruslah Bodoh Jangan Pintar by Tere Liye using a cognitive semantic approach. The research aims to explore the meanings and functions of irony within the novel. Through content analysis, three types of irony were identified: verbal irony, dramatic irony, and situational irony. A total of 10 data points were analyzed, consisting of 3 instances of verbal irony, 6 instances of dramatic irony, and 1 instance of situational irony. Verbal irony appears when the author employs words that contradict their actual meanings, as seen in dialogues that convey subtle yet sharp sarcasm. Situational irony is evident in the disparity between the hopes and realities faced by the characters, such as the failure to attain happiness despite their hard efforts. Dramatic irony occurs when the reader is aware of information unknown to the characters, adding depth to the narrative. The findings of this study reveal that the irony in this novel not only enriches the narrative meaning but also serves as a tool for social critique regarding the depicted situations. Keywords: irony, cognitive semantics, novel, social critique

Conceptual Metaphor of “Quality” in Charles & Keith’s Instagram Caption: A Cognitive Semantic Analysis

This research presents a cognitive semantics study in Charles Keith's Instagram caption. It is conducted to observe the conceptual metaphors of “quality” in Charles Keith's Instagram caption, including the types and image schema of each conceptual metaphor. The data source is Charles Keith's Instagram caption uploaded in January 2023 – June 2023. The research used a qualitative method with a cognitive semantics approach. Based on the analysis, there are 10 conceptual metaphors of “quality” classified into three types of conceptual metaphors: 5 structural metaphors, 2 orientational metaphors, and 3 ontological metaphors. Moreover, 3 metaphors belong to the image schema of identity, 3 metaphors belong to the image schema of force, 2 metaphors belong to the image schema of space, and 2 metaphors belong to the image schema of existence. Those conceptual metaphors are utilized to highlight the quality of Charles Keith products by portraying the products’ excellence.

Metaphorical conceptualization of AI in digital discourse

This study investigates the conceptual metaphors employed to characterize Artificial Intelligence (AI) within online public discourse. By using a cognitive semantic approach, this investigation aims to uncover how metaphors shape social perceptions of AI, revealing the cognitive mechanisms involved in making sense of this rapidly evolving technology. An adapted version of the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) has been combined with semantic frames to analyze the metaphorical mappings between the source and target frames, offering a more precise examination of the metaphors' conceptual structure. The analysis reveals a spectrum of metaphors portraying AI both as a beneficial partner and a potential threat, reflecting diverse attitudes and concerns about its integration into society. By focusing on the frame level, this study provides a fine-grained understanding of how different aspects of AI are construed through familiar conceptual frames. The findings contribute to the field of Cognitive Semantics and offer valuable insights for AI developers, educators, and communicators, emphasizing the importance of metaphors in framing society’s understanding of emerging technologies.

Metafora Konseptual terkait Penyakit dalam Bahasa Karo

This research discusses conceptual metaphors related to diseases in Karo language. The purpose of this research is to know and describe the use of conceptual metaphors related to diseases in Karo language. The data source is taken from the expression of disease in Karo language. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method with cognitive semantic approach. The theory of conceptual metaphor according to Lakoff and Johnson (1980) is used as a reference to analyze the data. Based on the results of the analysis, there are three types of conceptual metaphors in Karo language, namely; structural metaphors with the meaning concepts of enemy and struggle with the image scheme of power; orientational metaphors with the meaning concepts of anger and achievement with the image scheme of space and; ontological metaphors with the meaning concepts of explosion, expansion, growth, effort, disappointment, and travel with the image scheme of existence and identity.

A Cognitive -Semantic Study of Love Metaphor in Mawlawi Poems

This study is entitled "A Cognitive Semantic Study of Love Metaphor in Mawlawi Poems". It is an attempt to construe the semantic aspects of Mawlawi's poetic texts in light of the cognitive semantic approach. The study, through a linguistic and cognitive analysis, clarifies the way meaning is constructed in the selected poems. It adopts the theoretical framework proposed by the cognitive semantic theory of metaphor. That is, according to the cognitive theory of metaphor, it explores the metaphorization of LOVE in the selected poems. In cognitive approach to metaphor, an abstract concept named the target domain is understood in terms of another called the source domain (usually concrete). The source domain is a conceptual domain used metaphorically so as to understand the abstract target concept, i.e., the target domain is a conceptual domain interpreted through the source domain. The current study investigates the ways in which LOVE as an abstract target concept is construed in terms of other source conceptual domains. That is, the primary aim of the study is to scrutinize how LOVE is metaphorized in the poems, what are the source domains the poet relies upon so as to interpret the target domain of LOVE. In other words, what are the more concrete conceptual source domains that are metaphorically used in order to comprehend the abstract target concept of LOVE? Accordingly, the recent study is mainly concerned with conceptualization (the way LOVE is conceptualized) which is the cognitive processes of meaning-making. This means that, it illuminates meaning construction process in Mawlawi literature. The study first provides a brief introduction to Cognitive Linguistics and then the nature of meaning in cognitive semantic approach is highlighted. Following this, the cognitive approach to metaphor is presented. The last section is devoted to elucidating the metaphorical structuring of LOVE in Mawlawi's poems based on the contemporary theory of metaphor.

Examination of Spatial Deictic Markers in KingoniExamination of Spatial Deictic Markers in Kingoni

This study aimed to examine spatial deixis in Kingoni within the framework of the cognitive semantics approach. A total of 60 adults and grandparents that were purposively selected from 30 households in Songea Rural District were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Data on Kingoni spatial orientation was analysed using thematic and quotation analysis techniques, with special interest in underlying coordinates, body-sidedness, and the absolute and intrinsic frame of reference. The study results show that Kingoni has five deictic terms with movement or motion components categorised into two groups: go (hambai, wukai) and come (bwelai, wuyai, and kiliwukai). It has also been realised that Kingoni is a hybrid system of frames of reference, changing from one frame to another when interacting. It uses object-sidedness (intrinsic frame of reference) and body-sidedness to express or point to something like kumangiga (the right hand) or kumandyoli (the left-hand side). Kingoni exhibits four spatial dimension differences when expressing the location of an object from a given viewpoint. These are apa (near), pala (near far), palanaha (far), and palé (far most). Accordingly, the study recommends continued research in natural language to enrich existing knowledge about deictic markers.

Fictive motion categories in modern Persian: A cognitive semantic approach

Motion is the cornerstone of cognitive structures which can be signified factively and fictively. Fictive motion events in English are classified into six categories (Talmy 2000a). While Iranian linguists have worked on verbs and typology of fictive motion, they almost failed to discover these categories. This study made an attempt to examine these categories by addressing the questions: What are fictive motion categories in Persian? To what extent is the speakers’ cognition influenced by the structure of the language they speak? What are Persian speakers’ preferable tenses? With this aim, using convenience sampling and qualitative research design, sixteen sentences extracted from Talmy’s model plus nine fillers were rendered into Persian. To avoid ordering effect, sixty participants were organized in a counterbalanced technique and accomplished completion and picture description tasks so that one half of the participants filled the completion task first and dealt with the picture description task later, while others acted in the reverse order. In completion task the participants performed accurately except the pattern paths category. However, they did not produce fictive motion sentences for the prospect, pattern, and advent paths, frame relative with factively stationary observer and site manifestation in the picture description task. They tended to adopt present tense in producing fictive motion sentences for the depicted categories. More importantly, the paper analyses the participants’ performance in completing the tasks related to the sixteen fictive motion categories and shows that cognition is influenced by the linguistic structure of the speakers. It is hoped that this study can be a contribution to the field of cognitive and semantic linguistics and also advance fictive motion studies in different languages.

Возможные миры художественного текста: когнитивно-семантический аспект репрезентации времени (на материале романа В.В. Орлова «Альтист Данилов»)

This article studies the temporal organization of a literary text from the standpoint of a cognitive semantic approach. Literary time is considered in close connection with the meanings that form the semantic space of a text. The correlation of events within which literary time is manifested shows the direction of literary time, which, in its turn, participates in the formation of thinkable worlds. The study aimed to determine and describe the features of the construction of thinkable worlds within the literary time semantically marked in a literary text. The practical significance of the research lies in identifying and describing the principles of structuring possible worlds by means of their temporal coordinates, representing a synthesis of a hero’s physical and psychological time, with the inclusion of markers of historical time in the semantic space of a literary text. The author studied V.V. Orlov’s novel Danilov, the Violist using the inductive-deductive and comparative methods, cognitive and semantic analysis, as well as philological interpretation. A conclusion is drawn that literary time in this novel is of great importance for the organization of thinkable worlds. Its most frequent markers are segodnya (‘today’) and teper’ (‘now’), lexicalizing the cognitive and semantic features of a world which reminds the reader of objective reality, albeit distant in historical time, as well as of a fantasy world, whose properties are unreal. Orlov creates a synthesis of the hero’s physical and psychological time, which can also include historical time (in that case, the reader’s background knowledge is involved, making it possible to correctly decode precedent phenomena). The semantics of literary time in the novel is hierarchical and systemic: textual representatives manifest both universal ideas about time and author’s individual variability in the perception of chronological intervals, which affects the emotional sphere of the reader.

Conceptualizing the Preposition /ʕalaa/ in the Taizzi Dialect: a Cognitive Semantic Approach

Conceptualizing the Preposition /ʕalaa/ in the Taizzi Dialect: a Cognitive Semantic Approach

Comparing the Representation of Anger in the Indonesian and English Proverbs: A Study Based on the Cognitive Semantics Analysis and the Contrastive Method

This study explores the complexities of emotions, specifically anger, as reflected in the sayings of both English and Indonesian cultures. This study aims to uncover the intricate web of cultural and cognitive nuances that shape how anger is conceptualized in these linguistic expressions by utilizing a cognitive semantics approach and qualitative methods. Through a meticulous examination of a diverse corpus of proverbs from both languages, this study seeks to illuminate the similarities and differences in how anger is conceptualized, articulated, and communicated through language. Content analysis and cross-cultural comparison are utilized to identify patterns, metaphors, and underlying cognitive structures that underpin the expression of anger in these sayings. The findings show (1) English and Indonesian proverbs use metaphors that draw upon bodily experiences and natural phenomena to depict anger, (2) English proverbs typically depict anger as a formidable force that needs to be controlled or suppressed, often highlighting the negative consequences that could arise if one fails and Indonesian proverbs emphasize the fleeting nature of anger and the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation in the aftermath of a conflict, and (3) while both languages have proverbs highlighting the destructive nature of uncontrolled anger, they differ in their metaphors and expressions. The findings from this study not only expand our understanding of the intricate interplay between language, culture, and emotion but also lay the groundwork for future study in cognitive semantics and cross-cultural studies. This study deepens our appreciation of the rich tapestry of human emotion and language, offering a nuanced perspective on how anger is perceived and articulated in two distinct linguistic and cultural contexts.

Comparing the Representation of Anger in the Indonesian and English Proverbs: A Study Based on the Cognitive Semantics Analysis and the Contrastive Method

This study explores the complexities of emotions, specifically anger, as reflected in the sayings of both English and Indonesian cultures. This study aims to uncover the intricate web of cultural and cognitive nuances that shape how anger is conceptualized in these linguistic expressions by utilizing a cognitive semantics approach and qualitative methods. Through a meticulous examination of a diverse corpus of proverbs from both languages, this study seeks to illuminate the similarities and differences in how anger is conceptualized, articulated, and communicated through language. Content analysis and cross-cultural comparison are utilized to identify patterns, metaphors, and underlying cognitive structures that underpin the expression of anger in these sayings. The findings show (1) English and Indonesian proverbs use metaphors that draw upon bodily experiences and natural phenomena to depict anger, (2) English proverbs typically depict anger as a formidable force that needs to be controlled or suppressed, often highlighting the negative consequences that could arise if one fails and Indonesian proverbs emphasize the fleeting nature of anger and the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation in the aftermath of a conflict, and (3) while both languages have proverbs highlighting the destructive nature of uncontrolled anger, they differ in their metaphors and expressions. The findings from this study not only expand our understanding of the intricate interplay between language, culture, and emotion but also lay the groundwork for future study in cognitive semantics and cross-cultural studies. This study deepens our appreciation of the rich tapestry of human emotion and language, offering a nuanced perspective on how anger is perceived and articulated in two distinct linguistic and cultural contexts.

Cognitive Semantic Analysis of the Verb, ‘Tuur’ in TIV

This study presents a cognitive semantic analysis of the verb tuur ‘push’ in the Tiv language. As a contribution to the ongoing research on indigenous language verbs in cognitive linguistics generally and cognitive semantics in particular, the study uses the cognitive semantics approach to examine the Tiv language verb tuur, ‘push’ beyond the structure of the verb and `into the psychological and abstract semantics of the verb. The central objective of this study is to initiate a cognitive semantic study of Tiv verbs. The theoretical framework adopted for the analysis of the meanings of the verb is cognitive semantics. In an attempt to study the semantics of the verb ‘tuur’ we examine the role three image schemas (namely containment, path and force schemas) play in conceptual interaction with tuur, especially about metaphor (Lehrer and Feder, 1992). The findings show that the experience we have as we go through the maturing stage of life, as interaction takes place in society motivates basic conceptual structure which makes understanding and language possible. The study reveals that the verb falls into three image schemas follows the CONTAINMENT, the PATH and the FORCE (Jackendoff, 1990). The study also reveals that ‘tuur’ is not semantically empty. Our analysis also discloses that the image schemas of ‘tuur’ are conceptual constructs which can be metaphorically extended from physical to psychological and concrete to abstract domains. Further research requiring a broader database is recommended herewith to ascertain other possible schemas and metaphorical meaning extensions of the verb.

Exploring the referential range of etymologically-related lexical pairs in the language of the Qur’an: A cognitive-semantic approach

The present study conducts a cognitive-semantic analysis of etymologically-related lexical pairs in the language of the Qur’an. Based on objective selection criteria, the lexical pair rīĥ (a singular form literally meaning wind) and riyāĥ (a plural form literally meaning winds) has been claimed to be representative of the final data set, which includes 20 lexical pairs. Building on the theoretical underpinnings of descriptive semantics and frame semantics, the analysis sought to fulfill three main objectives: (a) identifying the referential range of the pair rīĥ and riyāĥ and its central reference point; (b) explaining the way the historical and theological context helps to mark the connotations associated with each sense in the referential range; and (c) sorting the discourse functions communicated through the cognitive frame(s) evoked by such a lexical pair. Findings showed that the central cognitive frame of both lexical items is that of moving air. However, rīĥ has developed, through metaphorical extension, two other senses that are not applicable to riyāĥ: power/predominance and smell. Finally, both lexical items have been proven to have positive, negative, and neutral connotations that have been divinely manipulated to perform various discourse functions.

The structure of a polysemantic word in the cognitive-semantic aspect

The article presents the results of the study of the semantic structure of the polysemantic word in the aspect of cognitive semantics. The study is based on the position of cognitive lexicology that "the semantics of a word is not limited only to a meaning; it is wider than the meaning". Therefore, the meaning of a word can be studied in the aspect of cognitive semantics. The cognitive-semantic aspect of studying the meanings of a polysemantic word implies its multilevel analysis, so the semantic structure of a polysemic word is studied not only from the outside, surface semantics but also from the inside, at the cognitive level of semantics. The study proposes a methodology of multilevel analysis of the structure of a polysemous word and also approves the methodology of its interdisciplinary study on the basis of the integral methodological paradigm involving the values and methods of different sciences (lexicology, cognitive semantics, pragmatics, cultural studies, associative linguistics). The aim of the study is to identify and describe the meanings of a polysemous word and its meanings in terms of different approaches to their research. In the article on the basis of the analysis of different meanings, the polysemous word is considered with also its meanings as denotative, figurative, pragmatic, connotative, and associative meanings of the word. The novelty of the research consists in the author's attempt to apply the cognitive-semantic approach to the analysis of the multivalued word structure. This approach differs from the linguistic and lexicological one, which considers polysemantic words as the nuclear meaning of the word and its lexical-semantic variant. In the course of the research, scientific results were obtained: 1. The disciplinary approach in the process of multilevel analysis of polysemantic words revealed new meanings and meanings of this phenomenon; 2. The role of the subject in the formation of meanings of a polysemous word was revealed; 3. The structure of the polysemantic word is described on the basis of taking into account the principle of conceptual unity of language and speech.

"The very interesting finding suggests that…": A cognitive frame-based analysis of interest markers by authors' geo-academic location in applied linguistics research articles.

Linguistic expressions of interest instantiated by interesting, intriguing, and fascinating that signal the authorial stance are not uncommon in applied linguistics research articles. Nevertheless, they have received little scholarly attention. This paper, taking a cognitive semantic approach, reports on a study that sought to examine how linguistically expressed interest in applied linguistics research articles is leveraged by researchers' geo-academic location (the Core vs. the Periphery). Drawing on a semantic frame generated for interest markers in academic writing, this study focused on the incidence of the various elements of the Interest frame in the discipline of applied linguistics based on a mixed-methods approach. The corpus-based quantitative analyses found that academic writers' geo-academic location was a robust predictor of authors' overall use of interest markers and some frame elements associated with the Interest frame. Triangulation with the interview data obtained from disciplinary specialists revealed that the observed differences could be attributable to the hierarchical academia featuring periphery-based scholars' unequal access to the knowledge production market and under-representation.

Conceptual Metaphors in The Little Mermaid: Cognitive Semantic Analysis

This study describes the embodiment of conceptual metaphors and image schemes according to Cruse and Croft (2004) in the fairy tale The Little Mermaid by Hans Christian Andersen. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative as a methodological approach and a cognitive semantic approach as a theoretical approach. The use of figurative language is widely used in writing to add to the impression, emphasis, and beautify an expression outlined by the author, one of which is in a fairy tale. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, there are 14 pieces of metaphor conceptualization data found which are included in the type; (1) anthropomorphic, namely metaphors that refer to inanimate objects carried out by diverting or moving from the human body or its parts, from the meaning or values and desires possessed by humans, (2) sineaesthetic metaphors, namely metaphors based on transfer from one sense to another, (3) concrete to abstract metaphors, namely metaphors that describe concrete experiences to abstract things, and (4) animal metaphors, namely metaphors that use animals or animal body parts or something related to animals to imagery of something else and three types of image schemas namely existence schemas (existence ), which consists of Removal, Bounded Space, Cycle, Object, Process , the scheme of power ( force ) consisting of Balance, Counterforce, Compulsion, Restraint, Enablement, Blockage, Diversion, Attraction , schemes and unity ( Unity / Multiplicity) comprising from Merging, Collection, Splitting, Iteration, Part-Whole, Mass-Count, Link.

What surprises, interests and confuses researchers? A frame-based analysis of knowledge emotion markers in research articles

• Informed by frame semantics, this study examined expressions of three knowledge emotions. • Expressions of surprise, interest and confusion were identified in a corpus of 640 research articles. • All semantic frames evoked by these linguistic expressions and their relations were analyzed. • A knowledge emotion frame was generated to capture their semantic and cognitive properties. • Elements of the generic frame were examined for their epistemic and rhetorical functions. While academic writing is traditionally expected to be objective, linguistically expressed surprise, interest, and confusion indexing authors’ affective attitudes toward their propositions are not uncommon in research articles. These emotions, collectively known as knowledge emotions, are inherently cognitive and can contribute to the construction of scientific knowledge. Taking a cognitive semantic approach, this study examines linguistic expressions of knowledge emotions found in a corpus of 640 research articles sampled from four disciplines (i.e., Applied Linguistics, Biology, History, and Mechanical Engineering). To understand how these expressions partake in knowledge construction, a knowledge emotion frame is proposed that comprises five frame elements (i.e., Trigger, Degree, Explanation, Resolution, and Experiencer) and their various subcategories. The study demonstrates that this frame is well capable of capturing the shared/distinctive semantic and cognitive properties of knowledge emotion markers deployed for scientific communication. Accordingly, it provides a useful conceptual tool for furthering our understanding of deep-seated knowledge-making practices and the heuristic role that knowledge emotions play in these epistemic practices.

Lexical semantics of the concept “Steppe” in the artwork

The article discusses the cognitive-semantic level of a literary work that is verbalized in the author’s text through semantic content, which represents the concept under consideration. Idiostylistic features of the concept “Steppe” in the classic trilogy of Ilyas Esenberlin “The Nomads” (the article analyzes the first book “The Charmed Sword”) reflect the special ethnic worldview of nomads, representing an inseparable connection to the environment. The article is conceived as an effort to expand current approaches to analyzing the literary composition concept, the concept semantics correlation with denotative-referential meaning and conceptual spirit of the text. Collectively it helps to understand the universal and unique world of a literary text as a whole. The article considers expression features, lexical semantics and cognitive interpretation of the concept within the text semantic space through the cognitive-semantic approach, combining traditional semantic and conceptual analysis techniques. The conducted content analysis allows to highlight specific thematic aspects of the semantic space conceptualization, identify significant categories and phenomena of reality expressed by means of language. The results and conclusions proposed in the scientific article can serve as additional material in the field of linguocognitive research for further development of methods for studying the semantic space of a literary text. Key words: Conceptual analysis, concept, reflective semantics, verbalization, means of expression.

Conceptualizing and Schematizing Heart Metaphors through a Cognitive Semantic Approach

Metaphor is one of interesting objects to be research for its rich cognition and use. This study aims at investigating the conceptualization of heart metaphors and to describe the image schemas of heart metaphors. The data of the study were collected from Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) which provides significant data relevant to the study. This is a literature study using a qualitative descriptive study through the framework of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) proposed by Lakoff and Johnson. After the selection of metaphorical expressions of heart, the analysis was conducted to categorize the conceptual metaphor of each selected data. The image schemas were then drawn in accordance to the concept given. The study found that people mainly use metaphors to state these three types of concepts of heart metaphors, they are; HEART IS A CONTAINER, HEART IS AN OBJECT, and HEART IS HUMAN/BEING. These main concepts were then elaborated into several smaller categorizations. There are three image schemas drawn in accordance to the types of the conceptual metaphors like containment schema, compulsion schema, and removal of restraint schema. Then, image schemas are helpful to draw the mapping of abstract thing of target domain into more concrete thing of target domain.

Combination ‘v lyubom sluchaye’ (any way): Functioning in Text and Pragmatic Potential

The article is devoted to the description of text structures based on a combination ‘v lyubom sluchaye’ (any way). The analysis was carried out on the material of the texts of the newspaper subcorpus of the National Corpus of the Russian Language. The relevance of the study is due to a multidimensional approach to describing the textual nature of connectivity, including the use of a cognitive-semantic approach to the study of a text from the standpoint of the speaker’s intention, which is consistent with the anthropocentric paradigm of modern linguistics. Within this paradigm, special attention should be paid to transitional linguistic units that occupy an intermediate position between official and significant lexemes and are used by the speaker to form a certain semantic task into a text structure, defined in the article through the concept of a text structure. As an example of such a unit, the combination ‘v lyubom sluchaye’ (any way) is used. It is shown that at a certain position in the text on the border of the utterance, the combination performs the function of a text clip, forms standard text blocks. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of scenarios and models for the presentation of information on the material of newspaper discourse texts. The results of the modality analysis of the of right side the of the structure, which determines the explication of one of the two meanings of the clip ‘free choice’ and ‘universality’ is presented in the article. It is described how the pragmatic potential of the combination is realized in the structure of the textual construction ‘v lyubom sluchaye’ (any way), depending on the nature of the alternative circumstances of the left side of the structure (options, conditions, opinions, assumptions).