Clean Water Distribution Research Articles

Perencanaan Sistem Jaringan Perpipaan Distribusi Air Bersih pada Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM)

Water is a natural resource that is very useful in human life. One of the problems that occurred in Kabupaten Aceh Tenggarat, precisely in the city of Kutacane especially in Kecamtan Babussalam, is the reduced water discharge from the Lawe Sikap river which has been the source of water for the Lawe Sikap PDAM Water Treatment Installation. The aim of this research is to find out the existing clean water distribution piping network system, then an effective alternative piping network system will be planned. The method used in this research is secondary ftom the existing network system. The research of network analysis is using the Pipe Flow Expert program. Evaluation of the existing network using PVC pipe sizes used 4'', 8'' 12'' diameter, the existing flow velocity is 4.989–7,893 m/sec, exceeds the allowable limit of 3.0–4.5 m/sec the pressure is still minus. So, the results obtained from the research plan using PVC pipe sizes used are 4 , 6, 8 and 12 in diameter. From this research also obtained the results that the flow velocity is 4.004 m/sec is still within the permitted limit the pressure is still minus. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that the existing network must be re-planned. The suggestion that the author can give to produce a sufficient pressure is to use a pump system

Water Pipeline Network Analysis using Watercad Software In Pasuruan Industrial Estate Rembang

The clean water distribution network supply produced by PT. AB Jatim towards industries in PIER area has not been optimal. It is happen because factors such as piping network requirements that have not been met, poor perfomance of the existing pipelines, and rising operating costs of the electrical energy generated from distribution pumps. To optimize the pipeline network, it is necessary to analyze the water network system. One application that can be used to perform analysis is the WaterCAD program. Using quantitative research methods, data are obtained from PT. AB Jatim. From the analysis results of the existing network, increasing the pressure at the tap point (water sources) from 4.6 atm to 5.1 atm and isolating zone 1 by adding gate valve to make water supply into one way system, obtained a minimum junction pressure of 0.53 atm. Then adding a Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) in zone 3 so that the maximum pressure is 4.07 atm and water velocity also within standard limit with the highest speed being in the range of 1.26 meters/second. At last, using residual pressure from the tap point reduces energy of the distribution pump.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CLEAN WATER DISTRIBUTION MACHINE USING OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS (OEE) METHOD

Clean water distribution machines are very important for local drinking water companies to be able to supply clean water to customers. The need for water continues to increase, so an analysis is needed to determine the decline in engine pump performance in the production process. Maintenance activities need to be carried out to maintain the reliability (realiability) of the machine so that it can operate properly. Therefore, a good strategy is needed to maintain the continuity of the production process. The purpose of this research is to measure the performance of the water distribution pump machine / equipment associated with the low level of clean water production, to identify the losses experienced by the company. The Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) value obtained before repairs were carried out in November 2019 for Lapi I was 69.38% and Lapi II was 69. 75% while in December 2019 for Lapi I it was 74.02% and Lapi II was 73.65% still below the JIPM standard, namely ≥85%. From the results of the six big losses, the clean water distribution pump machine as a whole still needs evaluation to make improvements in increasing effectiveness and productivity, especially in the problem of redeuced speed losses so that suggestions can be made to improve the clean water distribution machine. After repairs in January 2020 for Lapi I was 87.90% and Lapi II was 87.26% while in February 2020 for Lapi I it was 90.34% and Lapi II was 85.81%. From the results of the six big losses, the clean water distribution pump machine as a whole still needs evaluation to make improvements in increasing effectiveness and productivity, especially in the problem of redeuced speed losses so that suggestions can be made to improve the clean water distribution machine. After repairs in January 2020 for Lapi I was 87.90% and Lapi II was 87.26% while in February 2020 for Lapi I it was 90.34% and Lapi II was 85.81%. From the results of the six big losses, the clean water distribution pump machine as a whole still needs evaluation to make improvements in increasing effectiveness and productivity, especially in the problem of redeuced speed losses so that suggestions can be made to improve the clean water distribution machine. After repairs in January 2020 for Lapi I was 87.90% and Lapi II was 87.26% while in February 2020 for Lapi I it was 90.34% and Lapi II was 85.81%

PENENTUAN DIAMETER PIPA OPTIMAL DALAM PERENCANAAN SISTEM PENYEDIAAN AIR BERSIH DI KECAMATAN WONOTIRTO KABUPATEN BLITAR PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR

Optimization of pipe diameter in the planning of clean water supply systems in Wonotirto District aims to determine the projected demand for clean water in Wonotirto District until 2028. This research was conducted because currently the distribution of clean water in the study location is still not completely fulfilled. Topographical conditions, most of which are in mountainous areas, cause one of the reasons for the difficulty of distributing clean water. The pipe diameter optimization planning in this study uses the Hazen-William method. The data used are the population in the last 10 years, geoelectric data, and topographic maps of Wonotirto District, Blitar Regency. Based on the results of the planning, it is found that the projected number of population in 2020 is 37,013 people. the discharge of clean water needs is 63.73 liters / second, the dimensions of reservoir 1 are planned to be 6 m x 4 m x 3 m, reservoir 2 is planned to be 6.5 m x 4 m x 3 m. The type of pipe used is the type of PVC with a diameter of 0.75 inches, 1 inch, 1.25 inches, 1.5 inches, 2 inches, 2.5 inches, 3 inches, 4 inches, 6 inches, where planning calculations are carried out using the Hazen-William Method. The limited amount of groundwater discharge at the location means that not all villages in the Wonotirto District area have their clean water needs met and it is hoped that further research will improve this research.

"Water Politics": Gampong Lengkong Existence in Langsa City 2000-2021

Water is a natural resource that has a very important function for the life of living things on earth. The existence of Gampong Lengkong has brought its own changes since 2000 after the existence of a clean water industry by managing clean water that is in the ground. This study aims to obtain a complete and integrated understanding of the clean water household industry in Gampong Lengkong, Langsa City, which affects the community both in terms of politics and existence. Using qualitative methods with data collection techniques literature study, observation, interviews, documentation. Based on the research results, it is concluded as follows: In 1995 marked the emergence of a water industry being developed in an area which is a peat land area, the Gampong Lengkong area was developed into a small household industrial area. At this early stage the area did not exploit so many clean water. In its existence, the people of Gampong Lengkong are greatly helped by the clean water industry. Besides, there is a political element in every policy taken for the implementation of economic activities in Lengkong Village. Political activity is characterized in three dimensions, namely: activity, decision making, and distribution of clean water.

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT METERAN AIR PINTAR BERBASIS IoT SEBAGAI PENUNJANG LAYANAN DISTRIBUSI PDAM

Various public service institutions have increasingly improved their service quality. The existing constraints are corrected for the sake of consumer satisfaction. One of the public services is the clean water distribution system at Surabaya water enterprise. The water will be distributed as per the postpaid-metered or prepaid-metered recording user's clean water consumption. Exisitng postpaid-metered or prepaid-metered device in every househould must be checked by field officers regularly. This manual checking often causing problems of human errors. This study applied the Internet of Things (IoT) concept in automatic checking of postpaid-metered and prepaid-metered device in households. The customized and automatic clean water consumption recording device is built using the ESP32 module. The ESP32 will send the rest of the water consumption data to the server (cloud). This method is expected to automate solution and to create better services to the customers. The accuracy of the test results holds error tolerance value of 10.6%, in the test results with units of mL. The device is believed to be able to provide and alternative in water usage recording purpose.

Combatting water scarcity and economic distress along the US-Mexico border using renewable powered desalination

• Techno-economics of a conceptual water security network for the US-Mexico border. • Public water supply is offset in US counties along the border. • Desalination and water distribution energy loads satisfied by Wind and Solar power. • Sustainable clean water produced and distributed at a cost of 2.00–3.52 $/m 3. • Renewable benefits in operational water withdrawal, GHG emissions and jobs created. Access to sustainable clean water is a necessity for any successful civilization. The US-Mexico border has been experiencing a decline in the availability of this critical resource, stemming from mismanagement and heightened population which are exacerbated by climate change. If water is not adequately overseen, the region will be unable to support local societies and industry, effecting millions of inhabitants. A vision, articulated in Scientific American in 2019, outlined the potential for the development of a technology innovation park along the border which would provide sustainable water using renewable powered desalination. A version of this concept is demonstrated for the American side with configurations of coastal Seawater Reverse Osmosis desalination plants, sized to meet the public water demand of ~1000 MGal/day (~3.79 Mm3/day). The desalination and distribution of clean water is powered by offshore wind and onshore solar PV farms, which transfer energy over High Voltage Direct Current cables. One-hundred eight (108) renewable variations were simulated and demonstrated the ability to supply clean water at a levelized cost of 2.00–3.52 $/m3. When compared to 27 fossil fuel configurations, renewable powered variations avert adding the equivalent of 1.7–2,000,000 cars worth of CO2 pollution per year, avoid withdrawing the equivalent of 67–77,000 US households worth of water for power generation annually and add potentially over 100,000 more jobs. As water scarcity along the border becomes more prevalent, alternative sources of sustainable water will be crucial for bringing long term resource and economic stability to the region.

Analysis of clean water distribution systems using EPANET 2.0 (Case study of Uma Sima Village, Sumbawa Regency)

The need for clean water is very important for humans because it is one of the benchmarks of successful development in an area. Where every area, especially Uma Sima Urban Village, Sumbawa Sub-district will experience an increase in population every year so that the need for clean water will increase. The purpose of this study is to determine the need for clean water and the distribution system of clean water pipelines in Uma Sima Urban Village for the next 20 years until 2037 by using the method of analyzing clean water needs with projected population numbers using the exponential regression formula and network simulations pipeline distribution with Epanet 2.0 software. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, it can be obtained the need for clean water at peak hours of 16.99 liters / second with a max day factor of 1.15 and 18,446 liters / second with a max of 1.25 days factor. Whereas for the distribution network simulation it was found that the distribution network is still effective for carrying water for the next 20 years, namely in 2037.

MEMERANGI KEMISKINAN MELALUI PARTISIPASI PENDIDIKAN DAN AIR BERSIH PADA KABUPATEN DAN KOTA DI INDONESIA

The purpose of this study is togive the alternative solution to the regime about the new model of extention that increased literacy, education participation, and access to clean water in reducing poverty disparities.The methodology used was an econometric approach with a multiple regression equation model with robustness provisions. The data analyzed in this study covered 501 districts and cities throughout Indonesia in 2018. The calculation results prove that the model has been robust and all variables selected have a significant effect on the degree of freedom of 5% for all districts and cities in Indonesia. The results of this study suggest that education policy priorities, the avail-ability of clean water and adequate distribution are needed to reduce the poverty gaps.

Solar water pump as a solution for clean water distribution in Nunleu village, Amanatun Selatan District, Timor Tengah Selatan-NTT

Nunleu Village is one of the villages in Timor Tengah Selatan Regency in NTT in which until now has experienced difficulties in accessing clean water. The difficulty in clean water distribution is not caused by the unavailability of water sources, but due to the Nunleu topology which consists of valleys and cliffs where the majority of the water sources are located under cliffs and valleys. This situation is exacerbated by the absence of electricity supply from PLN. This study aims to design and build a solar-powered water pump system to help Nunleu residents in the distribution of clean water. The solar pump system was built in Dusun 2 Nunleu which has a total population 150 with needs per capita per day is 40 liters. Result of the research shows that the water pump system built in Nunleu village was able to provide 6000 liters of clean water in approximately 5 hours.

Decreasing corrosion rate of clean water distribution pipes using bio-inhibitor

Iron pipes that distribute clean water to the community often experience corrosion and leakage. It causes dirt in the soil to enter the water flow and can cause health problems. Therefore, to provide good quality water to the community, it is necessary to control pipes’ corrosion. In previous research, there has been much discussed the bio-inhibitor corrosion in pipes, but very few have tested corrosion under real environmental conditions. Thus, this research aims to analyze the amount of reduction in the corrosion rate of clean water distribution pipes using real environmental conditions using bio-inhibitors. This study employed the same bio-inhibitor but different concentration variations. The inhibitor used came from lime peel waste with various concentrations of 120, 220, and 320 ppm. Corrosion rate testing used Potentiodynamic methods. The results showed that using a bio-inhibitor of 320 ppm could reduce the pipe’s corrosion rate by 90.7%. Before being given the bio-inhibitor, the corrosion rate was 34.690 mpy, and after being given the bio-inhibitor, it decreased to 3,225 mpy. This study’s results will later be useful for the community to utilize the bio-inhibitor as an alternative to controlling corrosion in pipes.

Inventory Information Systems in Water Companies: A Case of Data Synchronization Issue

Inventory is an activity that records every process in the flow of an item starting from importing goods, checking goods, requesting goods, to releasing goods from the warehouse. PT. Perdana Multiguna Sarana Barat Bandung (PMgS) is engaged in services for clean water distribution which include new connection installation services and line repair that have problems in their inventory activities. starting from recording old customer items that do not exist, late recording of return of goods and when the goods needed following the installation or repair sometimes lacking this has an impact on the working time of repairing lines and installation of new connections is slightly hampered due to lack of rapid control of information about inventory data. For that reason, in supporting and improving company performance, inventory information system information is needed that can provide information easily, quickly, and integrated to all parts related to inventory. In building this inventory information system the system development method used is a waterfall and the output of this system is a system that can record the return of goods, control of the stock of goods taken directly can be known and data in and out of goods more controlled so that reporting of goods is easier and quicker. Our acceptance test showed that all the functions are working very well and have an overall high acceptance rate of 80.33%.

Perancangan Sistem Monitoring Konduktivitas dan Padatan Terlarut PDAM Banyumas Berbasis IoT

PDAM merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam distribusi air bersih bagi masyarakat. Sebagian masyarakat Indonesia telah menjadi pelanggan air PDAM guna memenuhi kebutuhan air untuk aktivitas sehari-hari. Kualitas air menjadi persoalan penting karena berhubungan erat dengan kesehatan. Pada makalah ini dilakukan perancangan sistem monitoring kualitas air PDAM Banyumas berbasis IoT dengan meninjau parameter konduktivitas (EC) dan padatan terlarut (TDS). Hasil data pengukuran dapat diakses melalui aplikasi Andorid pada smartphone. Aplikasi dirancang menggunakan protokol HTTP dan MQTT. Protokol HTTP digunakan pada user interface untuk mengambil data terakhir pengukuran, sedangkan protokol MQTT digunakan untuk update data pengukuran sehingga proses transmisi data lebih cepat. Sistem akan mengirim pemberitahuan melalui Telegram apabila kualitas air berada di bawah baku mutu. Pengujian akurasi pengukuran dilakukan dengan membandingkan perangkat monitoring yang dibuat dengan alat ukur bersertifikat pada sampel air minum kemasan dan air PDAM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kinerja perangkat monitoring kualitas air PDAM yang dirancang sebesar 97,31% serta kualitas air PDAM Banyumas yang didistribusikan sangat stabil dan aman dikonsumsi.

Evaluasi Sistem Distribusi Air Bersih Zona Rumah Pompa Pradah Kota Surabaya

Pradah Pump House functioned as a clean water distribution lane in one of Surabaya City zones, which goes towards customers directly. This study aims to figure out the existing condition and developing condition of Pradah Pump House’s clean water distribution in terms of water availability, hydraulics, water quality, and fire extinguishing wells condition. Simulation method by using WaterCADv8i software. In the existing condition, the aspect of water availability had a deficit of 282 l/s, pressure condition in 100% peak hour became insufficient, velocity condition of 49.45% did not meet the criteria, headloss gradient of 13% became insufficient, and the water quality condition in the furthest did not meet the requirement. In developing conditions, the study continues with adding one pump and 31 parallel pipes simulated in WaterCADv8i software with three conditions, i.e., reducing customer water supplies standards, doing a rotation of water distribution, and reducing customer coverage area. These simulations show that the average pressure score is 0.5-10 atm, velocity 0.3-6 m/s, headloss gradient 0-15 m/km, and the fire extinguishing wells’ simulation indicates that the average results of the well did not replenish at 12:00-16:00.

Implementation Of Risk Management In Management Of Waqf Assets

The understanding and empowerment of waqf property among Muslims has undergone significant changes. From time to time, the understanding of productive waqf is increasingly developing and comprehensive which aims to develop the economy, for the social benefit of the community. Therefore, Muslims have found a new economic face that emerged from waqf, namely by establishing foundations or economic development institutions oriented to community service. This shows how important it is to empower productive waqf assets to improve the people's economy. The wider understanding and empowerment of waqf assets is very important, especially if it is associated with the concept of developing productive waqf in improving the people's economy. The procedure used to collect data in this study is in the form of documentation, namely guidelines used in the form of notes or quotes, legal literature searches, books and others related to the identification of problems in this study both offline and online. Analysis of legal materials is carried out using the content analysis method (centent analysis method) which is carried out by describing the material of legal events or legal products in detail in order to facilitate interpretation in the discussion. In fact, most of the currently established social institutions are funded by waqf and are engaged in productive waqf management in order to provide guidance and protection to the community, such as orphanages, child protection institutions, educational institutions, health institutions, distribution of clean water throughout the world. city and various other social activities. The role of waqf managers is also getting wider, not only maintaining and doing routine things, but also looking for new innovations in order to develop and empower these waqf assets. For this reason, there needs to be improvement efforts aimed at fixing waqf management and eliminating the causes of the deterioration of waqf management due to nazhir's actions and negligence, through the application of risk management.

Planning of the Clean Water Distribution System Pipeline at Griya Arwana Lestari Housing, Merauke Regency

Griya Arwana Lestari Housing Merauke Regency is one of the housing estates located in the area around the Merauke coast. The majority of residents of Griya Arwana Lestari housing use rainwater sources and buy water from water tanker trucks for their clean water needs. When the dry season arrives, the price of water from tanker trucks is quite expensive, making it difficult for residents of Griya Arwana Lestari housing to get clean water. So it is necessary to plan a clean water supply network system. The purpose of this study is to find out how much the discharge needs of clean water in Griya Arwana Lestari housing and find out what the diameter of the main pipe and secondary pipe are used. The method used is qualitative and quantitative based on field observations and counting the number of occupants in sustainable arowana housing then analyzing the need for clean water and then determining the diameter of the main pipe and secondary pipe. The results in this study are the required discharge in the housing is 3,973 l/s and for the main pipe diameter is 4 inches and for the secondary pipe 1 inch.

ANALISA PERHITUNGAN KEBUTUHAN DEBIT AIR DI WILAYAH PELAYANAN BOOSTER KERTAPATI

To improve clean water distribution services in an area, several steps must be considered. This step is to calculate the available water supply, then calculate the projected population growth until the end of the planning year and calculate the need for clean water in Kertapati District. PDAM Tirta Musi, especially the Kertapati booster which is in the service area opposite Ulu 1, is the agency responsible for providing clean water for residents in the service area of Kertapati District. However, currently PDAM services are still 50.87% of the total population of Kertapati District. After conducting the research, the results of the water supply received from the Ogan IPA were 90.47 liters / second or 7,816 m3 / day, when compared to the supply needed to serve the community's clean water needs in the Kertapati Booster service area in 2018 plus a number leakage of 89.54 liters / second or 7,736 m3 / day. With a service level of 50.87% of the population. Meanwhile, the water supply that must be provided to serve all the water needs of the people of Kertapati District is 176.01 liters / second or 15,207 m3 / day and at the end of the planning year it is 235.73 liters / sec or 20,367 m3 / day. It can be concluded that for the projection in 2027 the available water supply will not be able to serve daily water needs for 24 hours

What Determines Households’ Willingness to Pay for Clean Water?

This study aims to measure the households' Willingness to Pay (WTP) for clean water in Aceh Besar Regency and its determinants (i.e., income, education, family size, gender, and age). Of 16,164 households who have no access to clean water across seven sub-districts in the Aceh Besar region, 154 of them were selected as the sample of the study using a multi-stage random sampling technique. To measure the households' WTP for clean water and its determinants, this study uses the contingent valuation and multiple regression techniques. The study recorded that the average households' WTP for clean water was IDR444,123.38 per month. Based on multiple regression model, except for the variables of gender and age that have insignificant effect, the level of income, education, and family size were found to affect the households' WTP for clean water positively. These findings imply that to enhance households' WTP for clean water, the government should prioritize the rural-based economic, education, and family planning programs. Providing a more clean water distribution, followed by improving water and services quality at affordable prices would help the government to realize 100% access to clean water for all citizens in accordance with one of the SDGs' pillars.

Optimizing the Distribution of Sub District Infrastructure Supporting Capacity on Economic Growth in West Halmahera District

Basic fundamentals of economic development starting from the distribution of road infrastructure, clean water, electricity and telecommunications networks have an effect on economic growth in West Halmahera Regency. Does the distribution of infrastructure affect Economic Inequality in West Halmahera Regency. Another cause is the geographical condition of the districts in North Maluku, which are separated from islands. This requires a large amount of time and budget so that districts / cities can carry out road infrastructure development more optimally. the level of income inequality in districts in West Halmahera Regency in 2017 was 1.055. Based on the criteria that have been determined in the Williamson index analysis, it can be said that the inequality in West Halmahera Regency, Jailolo District in 2017 is relatively small. It can be seen in the table above that from 2017, the value of inequality has not changed, namely 1.055 is still relatively small.

Pemanfaatan Listrik Tenaga Surya Sebagai Pasokan Listrik Untuk Menghidupkan Mesin Pompa Air Masyarakat Dusun Cilatak, Desa Sukadana, Kecamatan Ciomas, Kabupaten Serang, Banten

The Community Service program activity of the Electricity and Renewable Energy Faculty lecturer team at the PLN Technology Institute for the 2019/2020 fiscal year was carried out in Sukadana village, Ciomas district, Serang region, Banten precisely at RT 011 RW 003 Cilatak hamlet. The selection of Sukadana village as a place to implement Community Service is because this village is still experiencing problems in the construction and development facilities and infrastructure. The problems that are currently being experienced by villagers regarding the clean water distribution for ablution of villagers in the mosque. During this time for ablution in mosque, villagers only rely on water from mountain springs whose distribution relies on gravitational pressure through a plastic hose and accommodated in a large tub located beside the mosque. In addition to being used for ablution, water is also used by villagers to bathing, washing, etc., so that when used for ablution sometimes it is no longer clean because it has been mixed with soapy water used for bathing and washing. Based on those problems, our team provided solution to partner in the form of infrastructure development and clean water supply by reconfiguring the clean water distribution installation for ablution in the mosque by installing solar water pump. The method used in the implementation of this Community Service activity is to approach the villagers during the survey through interviews by providing solution to the problem and conducting questionnaires and socialization in the form of a brief education. The results of the activities have been done by installing 2 units of DC water pump @180 Watt, 4 units of polycrystalline solar modules @100 Wp, 2 units of battery @100 Ah 12 V and 2 units of solar charge controller. With the implementation of Community Service activities in Sukadana village, aside from being able to help overcome the problems faced by partner, besides that it can provide progress and development of infrastructure for partner village and the existence of a partnership that makes that village as IT PLN assisted village.