Classic Work Research Articles

Techno-Wantons: Adaptive Technology and the Will of Tomorrow

AbstractRecent work within the tradition of 4E cognitive science and philosophy of mind has drawn attention to the ways that our technological, material, and social environments can act as hostile, oppressive, and harmful scaffolding. These accounts push back against a perceived optimistic bias in the wider literature, whereby, according to the critics, our engagements with technology are painted as taking place on our terms, to our benefit, in ways uncomplicated by political realities. This article enters into that conversation, and aims to highlight a specific form of threat from emerging technology: the threat of the ‘techno-wanton. ’ Drawing on classic work on personhood by Harry Frankfurt, I argue that emerging forms of adaptive technology threaten to degrade the depth and reflexivity of our economy of preferences. Techno-wantonness is a wanton-like state of diminished agency and personhood, whereby adaptive technology facilitates the wanton satisfaction of shallow preferences and the weakening of higher order volition. I argue that the concept of ‘mind invasion’, within the context of the hostile scaffolding literature has been applied too broadly, to the detriment of our analysis, and argue that the notion of ‘techno-wantonness’ should replace ‘mind invasion’ in regard to a specific class of case. In short, the new concept allows for a more subtle distinction between scaffolding impinging on an unwilling mind and technology that panders to the preferences of initially often very willing users.

Comparative Analysis: Machine vs Human Translation of Educational Scientific Texts. Challenges and Solutions

Introduction. The purpose of this article is to analyze the features of identity formation and identification processes in postmodern society and in digital society. The article explores various approaches to the concept of «identity» within the framework of socio-humanitarian theories. The interrelation of real and virtual identity, the emergence of new forms and models of identity are considered. Two approaches to the analysis of identity in a digital society are analyzed and compared: digital optimism and digital pessimism.Methodology and sources. The article uses a comparative analysis of various theoretical approaches to identity formation. An interdisciplinary approach is used to understand the features of identity in the era of digitalization. As the main sources for the study of the phenomenon of identity there were used works of classics of sociology and psychology E. Erickson, J.G. Meade, E. Durkheim, as well as studies of representatives of modern philosophical and sociological theories Z. Bauman, A. Giddens, S. Turkle, A.A. Lisenkova, T.G. Leshkevich.Results and discussion. It is shown that in postmodern society, identity is characterized by the processes of individualization, fragmentation and the absence of a single cultural center. In a digital society, along with the processes of individualization, there are processes of standardization and unification of person. It is concluded that in a digital society, identity has positive and negative sides. On the one hand, there is a positive vector for the use of online communications, network interaction of people, which destroys spatial and temporal boundaries, as well as social barriers. On the other hand, new types of virtual identity are being formed, challenging a person's own identity.Conclusion. It is concluded that the digital society changes human identity, identification practices and strategies. The consequence of these processes is the formation of a person fused with digital technologies, which leads to the transformation of the social order, social norms and society as a whole.

Digital Technologies and Society: Identity Transformation

Introduction. The purpose of this article is to analyze the features of identity formation and identification processes in postmodern society and in digital society. The article explores various approaches to the concept of «identity» within the framework of socio-humanitarian theories. The interrelation of real and virtual identity, the emergence of new forms and models of identity are considered. Two approaches to the analysis of identity in a digital society are analyzed and compared: digital optimism and digital pessimism.Methodology and sources. The article uses a comparative analysis of various theoretical approaches to identity formation. An interdisciplinary approach is used to understand the features of identity in the era of digitalization. As the main sources f or the study of the phenomenon of identity there were used works of classics of sociology and psychology E. Erickson, J.G. Meade, E. Durkheim, as well as studies of representatives of modern philosophical and sociological theories Z. Bauman, A. Giddens, S. Turkle, A.A. Lisenkova, T.G. Leshkevich.Results and discussion. It is shown that in postmodern society, identity is characterized by the processes of individualization, fragmentation and the absence of a single cultural center. In a digital society, along with the processes of individualization, there are processes of standardization and unification of person. It is concluded that in a digital society, identity has positive and negative sides. On the one hand, there is a positive vector for the use of online communications, network interaction of people, which destroys spatial and temporal boundaries, as well as social barriers. On the other hand, new types of virtual identity are being formed, challenging a person's own identity.Conclusion. It is concluded that the digital society changes human identity, identification practices and strategies. The consequence of these processes is the formation of a person fused with digital technologies, which leads to the transformation of the social order, social norms and society as a whole.

Homogenisation of nonlinear Dirichlet problems in randomly perforated domains under minimal assumptions on the size of perforations

AbstractIn this paper we study the convergence of nonlinear Dirichlet problems for systems of variational elliptic PDEs defined on randomly perforated domains of $$\mathbb {R}^n$$ R n . Under the assumption that the perforations are small balls whose centres and radii are generated by a stationary short-range marked point process, we obtain in the critical-scaling limit an averaged nonlinear analogue of the extra term obtained in the classical work of Cioranescu and Murat (Res Notes Math III, 1982). In analogy to the random setting recently introduced by Giunti, Höfer and Velázquez (Commun Part Differ Equ 43(9):1377–1412, 2018) to study the Poisson equation, we only require that the random radii have finite $$(n-q)$$ ( n - q ) -moment, where $$1<q<n$$ 1 < q < n is the growth-exponent of the associated energy functionals. This assumption on the one hand ensures that the expectation of the nonlinear q-capacity of the spherical holes is finite, and hence that the limit problem is well defined. On the other hand, it does not exclude the presence of balls with large radii, that can cluster up. We show however that the critical rescaling of the perforations is sufficient to ensure that no percolating-like structures appear in the limit.

An Attempt to Generate Mozart's Piano Compositions Based on an LSTM Model

LSTM, proposed by German computer scientists Sepp Hochreiter and Jürgen Schmidhuber in 1997 [3], has shown outstanding performance in various tasks, especially in tasks that require capturing long-term dependencies. These tasks include language modeling and machine translation in the field of natural language processing, as well as stock price prediction. This project aims to explore the potential of LSTM models in the field of music generation by analyzing Mozart's classical piano works using music21 and creating a training dataset. The project uses LSTM to learn this dataset, adjusting the forget gate, input gate, and different training iteration times to generate diversified outputs. Finally, the generated music data was manually selected and labeled.

An Analysis of Narrative Relationships in Animal Farm

The purpose of this paper is to explore in depth the narrative relationships in George Orwell's classic work Animal Farm. By analyzing the novel's narrative structure, character setting, plot development, theme and symbolism, as well as narrative technique and language style from multiple perspectives, it reveals the profound political and social allegory behind the work, analyses the methods of global analyze and micro analyze in the novel, further analyses the novel's writing characteristics, and discusses the wonderful use of these coherent relationships and rhetorical techniques in the novel. An analysis of the narrative relationships in Animal Farm not only reveals the profound political and social allegory of the work, but also demonstrates author George Orwell's remarkable literary talent and profound insight. By analysing various aspects of narrative structure, character setting, plot development, theme and symbolism, as well as narrative technique and language style, this paper provides readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of Animal Farm.

The Change and Development of Female Images of Different Social Periods Reflected

Before the emergence of deconstructivism, the idea of gender binary opposition occupied the mainstream of social thought. Female was regarded as second gender, attached to male who occupied social resources, and female’s subject consciousness was also weak. The proposal of deconstructivism broke this gender binary opposition, which belongs to the product of patriarchal society, female’s self-consciousness also gradually awakened. With the development of society through different eras, the changes of women’s status and thoughts in the real world are also accurately reflected in the literary works at that time. This paper takes the female images in three classic literary works in different social periods as the key point, including Tom Jones in classicism, Jane Eyre in Romanticism and O Pioneers! in Modernism. By analyzing the surface changes of these female images and the deep social reasons that promote such changes, this paper reflects the changes in social power structure and social resource distribution caused by the development of time and people’s ideological liberation, criticizes the imprisonment and oppression of women in the old society, and witnesses the gradual awakening of female consciousness and the birth of a relatively just society.

Anxiety, Dilemma and Transcendence - The Case of Lilly's Drawing Process

In Virginia Woolf's classic work To the Lighthouse, although Lily is not the main character, the idea of bisexuality embodied in her makes her one of the most important objects in the study of feminist thought. This paper intends to start from the rough painting process of Lily in To the Lighthouse to discover the content of Lily beyond feminist thought. Through the study, it finds that Lili not only symbolizes the beautiful personality of bisexuality, but she is also full of anxiety and dilemmas: the dilemma of the mind when creating, the anxiety about the right of free choice, the anxiety about the meaning of life existence, and the dilemmas of communication between human beings and human beings, between human beings and the ego, and the book also puts forward the way of transcending anxiety and dilemmas. The book also suggests ways to transcend anxiety and dilemma. Through analyzing the process of Lili's painting, this paper uncovers the anxious and difficult side of Lili's image, which not only enriches the previous research on Lili's image (bisexual homoeroticism), but also further reveals her complex and varied inner spiritual world, and these discoveries provide us with a more comprehensive and in-depth perspective for understanding and interpreting this important character in this masterpiece of literature.

Sains dan Sastra Pada Zaman Dinasti Abbasiyah

The Abbasid Dynasty (750-1258 CE) stands as one of the most illustrious periods in Islamic history, marked by significant advancements in science and literature. These achievements were driven by several factors, including political stability, economic prosperity, and government policies that promoted research and education. During this era, Baghdad, the capital of the caliphate, emerged as the intellectual hub of the world, attracting scholars, philosophers, and writers from diverse backgrounds.Science during the Abbasid Dynasty encompassed various disciplines such as mathematics, astronomy, medicine, chemistry, and physics. Muslim scholars not only translated classical works from Greek, Persian, and Indian sources into Arabic but also conducted original research and made substantial innovations. Figures like Al-Khwarizmi, known as the father of algebra, and Al-Razi, a pioneer in medicine, symbolize the scientific achievements of this period.In the realm of literature, the Abbasid era also witnessed remarkable growth. Poetry, prose, and other literary works flourished, with contributions from notable writers such as Al-Jahiz and Al-Mutanabbi. These literary works not only reflect the cultural and intellectual richness of the time but also provide insights into the social and political life under the Abbasid caliphate.Several factors contributed to these advancements, including the presence of large libraries such as the House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma), which served as centers for translation and research, and the patronage of caliphs who supported the development of science and the arts. The synergy between political stability, economic support, and visionary government policies created an environment conducive to the progress of science and literature.Thus, the Abbasid Dynasty not only represents a significant milestone in Islamic history but also greatly contributed to the advancement of human civilization through its achievements in science and literature.

Anxiety, Dilemma and Transcendence - The Case of Lilly's Drawing Process

In Virginia Woolf's classic work To the Lighthouse, although Lily is not the main character, the idea of bisexuality embodied in her makes her one of the most important objects in the study of feminist thought. This paper intends to start from the rough painting process of Lily in To the Lighthouse to discover the content of Lily beyond feminist thought. Through the study, it finds that Lili not only symbolizes the beautiful personality of bisexuality, but she is also full of anxiety and dilemmas: the dilemma of the mind when creating, the anxiety about the right of free choice, the anxiety about the meaning of life existence, and the dilemmas of communication between human beings and human beings, between human beings and the ego, and the book also puts forward the way of transcending anxiety and dilemmas. The book also suggests ways to transcend anxiety and dilemma. Through analyzing the process of Lili's painting, this paper uncovers the anxious and difficult side of Lili's image, which not only enriches the previous research on Lili's image (bisexual homoeroticism), but also further reveals her complex and varied inner spiritual world, and these discoveries provide us with a more comprehensive and in-depth perspective for understanding and interpreting this important character in this masterpiece of literature.

Adaptation of Dream of the Red Chamber in the Age Ofmass Media: A Study on the Transformation of Animationand the Sustainable Development of Cultural Inheritance

Context: In recent years, animation has become an important vehicle for adapting literary works with its unique artistic charm and wide audience base. Given the classic status and influence of Dream of the Red Chamber, it is both necessary and feasible to adapt it into an animated film. Such an adaptation will transcend the limitations of traditional media, showcase the artistic charm of the work, attract young audiences, expand communication channels, and contribute to the sustainable development of cultural heritage by linking traditions with contemporary cultural values. Objective: The main aim of this study is to delve into the phenomenon of animated adaptations of The Dream of the Red Chamber, highlighting its importance in disseminating the classic work, and investigating its potential contribution to realizing sustainable cultural heritage development as a bridge between traditions and innovations. Method: This study adopts the literature review method and case study method to review the history and current situation of the film and television adaptation of Dream of the Red Chamber, and analyses the characteristics and difficulties in the process of adaptation, as well as the communication effect of the animation adaptation on the original text. Results: The study reveals how animation has injected new vitality into this classic literary work and effectively attracted young audience groups. It also highlights how the new media platform can broaden the communication channels of the anime adaptation, thus promoting the cross-cultural communication of Dream of the Red Chamber. Contribution: This study not only highlights the important role of animation adaptation in the inheritance of Chinese culture but also provides theoretical support for the integration and development of the animation industry and classic literature.

SELECTIVE AND ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CLASSICAL PERSIAN LITERATURE TRANSLATED INTO ALBANIAN

Persian literature, with its deep-rooted connection to Sufi thought, found fertile ground for spreading in the Balkans, facilitated by the Ottoman Empire’s expansion. The establishment of Sufi orders in Albania led to the expansion of Persian mystical texts and the translation of significant Persian classical literature into Albanian. This study aims to review and introduce classical Persian literary works that have been translated into Albanian and consequently recorded in library repositories. Using advanced searches in COBISS instances for Albania, Kosovo, Northern Macedonia, and Serbia with the Boolean query “LO=per AND LA=alb” (original language Persian & translation language Albanian), and the database of National Library of Albania (NLA) the results indicate that notable Persian classical literary works have been translated into Albanian. While a brief overview of classical Persian literature is provided, the study highlights how Persian literary and spiritual texts have been popular in the region, especially in Albania.

Fiction books translations for children: publishing in Lithuania in 1940-1990

Translated literature comprises a significant portion of all children's books in Lithuania. Often, works originally written for adults become popular as children's literature worldwide (e.g., D. Defoe's, J. Swift's, A. Dumas', Ch. Perrault's, and others). As a result, many book editors face difficulties in determining the appropriate target audience for these books. Consequently, the same classic literary work, published in Lithuania at different times, may be aimed at various reader groups (for example, "Robinson Crusoe"). Fiction has always constituted the largest portion of children's books in Lithuania (in some years, up to 93%). Translations made up 54.7% of all children's fiction published from 1940 until 1990. The majority of these books are prose and are primarily aimed at younger and middle-school-age readers (65.9%), with the smallest portion targeted at older school-age readers (15.9%). Poetry accounts for 11% of all children's book translations, with the majority of it intended for younger readers. Between 1940 and 1990, 1881 translated fiction books for children were published in Lithuania. These books were translated from 29 languages representing 88 nations worldwide by more than 800 translators. The majority of these books were translated from Russian (about 45%). The literary and folklore books of various nations within the U.S.S.R. comprise 60.7% of all children's translations. Of these, 79.7% were by Russian creators, while the remaining 20.3% were by creators from 31 other nations within the U.S.S.R. There were many challenges associated with translations, most of which were dictated by central departments in Moscow that regulated all publishing activities in the Soviet Union.

An assessment of oxbow lakes and their potential in reconstructing past river discharge: Implication to reconstruct past climate in Southern West Bengal

For modern fluvial systems, stage height, velocity, and cross-section help estimate a river’s discharge. However, understanding the amount and fluctuations of past discharges remains a challenge. The dimen-sions of the meander loops/oxbow lakes are directly proportional to the river’s discharge and the sedi-ment load type. Central West Bengal, India, has a complex network of numerous oxbow lakes as a rem-nant of the river Hooghly, a major distributary of the River Ganga. The present work revisits Schumm’s classic work to estimate river discharges from the meander loops and explores a potential proxy for es-timating past discharges. Thus, it is extended to reconstruct past climate using grain size data, facies analysis, and the dimension of the meander loops coupled with the luminescence chronology of oxbow lakes. The study reveals that the region received good rainfall during reported periods of intense mon-soon, and the increased discharge at different time intervals has given rise to numerous oxbow lakes. The discharge values have shown considerable fluctuations, rising to 15 to 20 times the current value and very few anomalously high, even up to 250 to 300 times, left unrecorded from other archives. The study shows the preservation of systematic growth of discharges and the meander loops with climate re-vealing events with anomalously high (and so highly disastrous) discharges at the scale of tens of thou-sands of years, usually missed from other archives. Results from Ichhamati and Hooghly River meander loops in West Bengal, India, indicate a manifold increase of discharges from the current during 1–1.5 ka (known as the Medieval Warm Period); around 2.2 ka and around 3.9 ka with low or gaps of enhanced monsoon, e.g., Little Ice Age and during 2.5–3.5 ka. This is an effort to show the potential of past mean-der loops to be explored well for comprehensive records.

Retranslation of The Analects of Confucius and the Causes for Retranslation

The Analects of Confucius is a representative work of Confucian classics in China, and it has been translated into various languages. However, due to the differences in subjective consciousness, historical culture, translation purposes, life experiences, and other aspects, the interpretations of The Analects in each translation are entirely different. This paper primarily analyzes the retranslation and the causes behind the retranslation of The Analects of Confucius, aiming to further deepen the understanding of The Analects in different countries and expand its circulation range.

The Ecological-Spiritual Complex in Novels of Southern Vietnam in the First Half of the 20th Century

Ecocriticism began in the 70s of the twentieth century. Up to now, the theory of ecocriticism is becoming more and more complete. Understanding the relationship between humans and nature, in the spirit of ecological humanism, non-anthropocentrism, philosophy of respect for life, and respect for “place” has brought ecocriticism to a new level in literary research. Ecocriticism elevates nature to the level of humans in the symbiotic relationship of coexistence in today's turbulent universe, especially with the threat of an increasingly harsh human living environment (drought, flood, earthquake, disease, etc.). Applying the theory of ecocriticism when studying classic literary works of the world helps scientists reconsider the concept of classical authors on the relationship between the natural environment and humans. With statistical analysis and comparative methods, we use ecological criticism theory to study some Southern Vietnamese novels of the early 20th century, especially the aspect of spiritual ecological complexity.

Homer’s Odyssey: Education as Phaeacian (Hospitable) or as Laestrygonian (Hostile)

Abstract The issue of hospitality in education has become prominent in the philosophy of education, with various articles and books being published recently. This is so for a number of reasons, such as the necessity to harbour and include immigrants and refugees in our schools and education systems, the rising levels of violence being experienced by individuals in school communities, and the importance of establishing dialogical relations between teacher and students and between students. In this article, we discuss the concept of hospitality by turning to Homer (8th Century BCE) and his classic work, The Odyssey (Ὀδύσσεια), connecting it to the issue of hospitality in education. The paper is divided into two sections. In the first, we refer to two passages in Homer’s The Odyssey that are very pertinent to the issue of the issue at hand; the Phaeacian passage, which stands for a prime example of hospitality, and the Laestrygonian case, a seminal example of non-hospitality, of hostility. In the second, we conduct a philosophical inquiry into hospitality and education.

Comparing “Wandering through a Garden, Waking from a Dream” and “Ulysses” in Consciousness Stream Techniques

. “Ulysses” is one of the representative works of Irish writer James Joyce, and also a masterpiece of the writing technique known as “stream of consciousness,” which has had a significant impact on the world literary arena. “Wandering through a Garden, Waking from a Dream” is a novella created by Taiwanese writer Bai Xianyong which delicately exhibits the entire emotional flow and inner conflicts of the protagonist, Lady Qian, during her attendance at the banquet hosted by Lady Dou through the use of stream of consciousness technique. This paper compares these two classic works from the perspective of stream of consciousness, and analyzes the inspiration and creation of Bai Xianyong’s “Wandering through a Garden, Waking from a Dream” from “Ulysses”. The paper seeks to more profoundly unearth the profound literary value and social significance beneath the unique narrative style of “stream of consciousness” in the former. Based on his proficient mastery of Western stream of consciousness technique, Bai Xianyong fully exerts the creativity of an outstanding writer, forming a distinctive and unique Eastern stream of consciousness writing style rich in Chinese charm.

Probability distributions of atomic scattering lengths

The probability distributions of the real and imaginary parts of atomic scattering lengths a are derived, in a two-channel model that allows for inelastic scattering to occur. While the real part of a remains Cauchy-distributed, as predicted for single channel scattering in the classic work of Gribakin and Flambaum, the imaginary part of a is seen to be strongly peaked near zero. Two-body inelastic scattering rates may therefore be smaller in general than a naive estimate would suggest.

An Analysis of How the Literary Features of The Teahouse Reflect the Tragic Core of the Play

The Teahouse is a play written by Lao She in 1956, included in the magazine Harvest in July 1957 by Bakin and published in June 1958 by the China Drama Publishing House. The play presents three chaotic historical periods in modern China: the Hundred Days' Reform, the Warlords' War, and the eve of the founding of New China. The play has a high literary status and high literary attainments, and it has become a classic work of contemporary Chinese theatre mainly because of its characteristic dialect language features and special artistic presentation form. The use of language in the original play reflects the regional characteristics, and the portrayal of the characters suggests the tragedy of the historical destiny of the time from the side. The main body of the play, "Yutai Teahouse", serves as a clue to expose how the modern Chinese society is a dark and corrupt world that eats away at all human beings. Moreover, his literary works with its unique style of writing reflects the tragic colour of drama literature, with the tragic fate of the nobody suggesting the tragic colour of the whole era.