Class Action Research Articles

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING'S MODEL HELP ALEF EDUCATION IN MTs AS’ADIYAH ULOE

This study aims to confirm that the implementation of assisted PBL models Alef Education is able to improve the learning outcomes of Circle-themed Mathematics in class VIII A MTs As'adiyah Uloe. This research is a class action research. The methods used in this study were tests, field notes, and documentation. As for processing techniques and data analysis using quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques (mixed methods). KKM is 75. The results of this study show that: 1) The average score of student learning outcomes in cycle I is 77. Students who complete are 18 students with a percentage of 64%, while those who do not complete are 10 students with a percentage of 36%. 2) The average student learning outcome in cycle II is 82. The number of students with complete criteria is 31 people or 100%, while students who do not complete are 0 or 0%.

Tackling pain and inflammation: The impact of analgesics in sports medicine

Throughout their careers, athletes frequently struggle with pain and inflammation, which frequently reduces performance and slows recovery. The use of analgesics in sports medicine is examined here, with a focus on how athletes might manage their pain and inflammation. In the opening section of the chapter, a general overview of pain and inflammation in relation to sports injuries is given, emphasizing the negative consequences these conditions have on athletic performance. We explored the numerous analgesics used in sports medicine, such as acetaminophen, opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and local anesthetics. The mode of action, indications, advantages, drawbacks, and potential side effects of each analgesic class are examined, highlighting the importance of comprehending how each affects the well-being and performance of athletes. The article also explored the effects of analgesics on athletic performance, outlining both the advantages of temporary pain relief and potential drawbacks such as hiding underlying problems or encouraging dependency. It is highlighted how crucial it is for athletes to have individualized pain management programs, as the fine line between pain management and injury aggravation is discussed. In addition, ethical issues surrounding the use of analgesics in sports, such as doping laws, fair play, and possible analgesic abuse for the purpose of enhancing performance, are discussed. To maintain the integrity of sports and safeguard athletes' wellbeing, the responsible use of and adherence to rules are strongly encouraged. This review examines integrative treatments in sports medicine, such as physical therapy, mind-body interventions, and nutritional interventions, which provide effective alternatives for managing pain and inflammation without relying primarily on analgesics in light of alternative approaches. Examples of analgesic use in sports medicine are highlighted in real-world case studies, highlighting how it affects players' careers and well-being. The review's conclusion looks at potential long-term consequences for athletes' health as well as future directions.

Penerapan Model Kooperatif Tipe Tps Untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri Siswa dan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis di SMPN 5 Percut Sei Tuan

The objective of this research is to investigate the potential impact of implementing the TPS cooperative learning model on enhancing the self-confidence and mathematics communication abilities of seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 5 Percut Sei Tuan. The specific focus will be on the Set content. This study used a class action research design, consisting of two distinct cycles. Each iteration comprises two meetings. The participants in this research consisted of 28 students from class VII-8 of SMP Negeri 5 Percut Sei Tuan. The primary focus of this study is to enhance students' self-confidence and mathematical communication abilities by using the TPS cooperative learning model on Set material at SMP Negeri 5 Percut Sei Tuan during the academic year 2022/2023. Based on the findings derived from the analysis of the data, it was observed that the mean score for students' initial self-confidence was 53.61. Additionally, the mean test score for students' initial communication skills was found to be 44.92. Among the participants, a total of 3 students (13.04%) demonstrated mastery in this area, while the remaining 20 students (86.95%) had not yet achieved mastery. The learning process in cycle I was conducted using the TPS model. As a result, the average score of student confidence increased to 62.14, while the average score of the mathematical communication ability test increased to 55.80. Out of the total number of students, 8 students (34.78%) reached the completion criteria, while 15 students (65.21%) did not reach the completion criteria. In the second cycle, there was an observed increase in student performance. The average score for student confidence was recorded as 76.29, while the average score for the mathematical communication ability test was 75.97. Out of the total number of students, 19 students (82.60%) achieved completeness in the test, while 4 students (17.40%) did not reach completeness. The self-confidence questionnaire and mathematical communication skills exam administered in cycle II yielded results indicating a satisfactory level of student proficiency.

IMPLEMENTASI METODE MIND MAPPING PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN TARIKH DI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 5 YOGYAKARTA

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the mind mapping method in learning Tarikh Education. This type of research is class action research that is applied to the subject of Date Education for class X students of SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interview, and documentation methods. Meanwhile, data analysis is carried out through three stages of activities that occur simultaneously, namely: data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions / verification. The results of the study showed that the implementation of the mind mapping method in the learning of Tarikh Education at SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta had a positive impact on students and teachers. Judging from the increase in shiva's understanding and enthusiasm in participating in learning. The conclusion of this study is that the mind mapping method is effective to be implemented in the learning of Tarikh Education at SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Yogyakarta.

Unleashing the Power of Class Action Lawsuits: Redefining Justice for Insurance Policyholders in Indonesia

This paper explores the transformative potential of class action lawsuits in redefining justice for insurance policyholders in Indonesia. Through an in-depth examination of the legal landscape and specific cases, the study delves into the mechanisms and implications of leveraging class actions as a means of seeking justice within the insurance sector. By analyzing notable instances, such as the class action lawsuit initiated by insurance policyholders of PT Asuransi Jiwasraya and PT Asuransi Jiwa Adisarana WanaArtha, the paper scrutinizes the impact of collective legal action in addressing grievances and restoring violated rights. The research also navigates the legal provisions surrounding class actions in Indonesia, shedding light on their relevance and effectiveness in the pursuit of justice for insurance policyholders. Ultimately, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on legal remedies within the insurance industry, offering insights into the potential of class action lawsuits as a powerful tool for policyholders to assert their rights and demand justice in the Indonesian legal context.

Legal Briefs

Female student‐athletes file Title IX class action against university ED unveils new transcript rule Student loan servicers under investigation Gainful‐employment rule to begin in 2026

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Tari Melalui Metode Tutor Sebaya bagi Kelas VIII MTsN 11 Agam

This study aims to explain and describe how to improve student dance learning outcomes using the peer tutor method in class VIII MTsN 11 Agam. This type of research carried out is class action research (PTK) which is carried out in 2 cycles. The subjects of the research were students of class VIIIF MTsN 11 Agam totaling 23 people. The data collection techniques used are observation and documentation. The results of this study show that dance learning using the peer tutor method is successful in improving the learning outcomes of class VIIIF MTsN 11 Agam students. It can be proven that before using the peer tutor method, the average score of students in the first cycle under KKM, which is 74.78 with KKM 78. Meanwhile, in cycle II, student learning outcomes with the peer tutor method increased by an average of 82.39. So it can be concluded that the application of learning through this peer tutor method can improve the learning outcomes of MTsN 11 agam students.

Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbicara Melalui Petualangan Gamastar Dalam Bahasa Indonesia

The purpose of this study is to improve the speaking skills and speaking skills of grade III students of SDN Pasekan 01 through the media Gamastar (Picture of Surrounding Problems). This form of research is class action research (PTK). Research is carried out in two cycles, each cycle has four stages, namely action planning, action implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this study were grade III students of SDN Pasekan 01 totaling 13 students. Data collection techniques are documentation, observation, tests and interviews. The data validation technique used is data validation. Data analysis techniques use comparative descriptive techniques. The conclusion of this research is that the application of Gamastar media can improve the speaking skills of grade III students of SDN Pasekan 01.

Improving student’s learning result using e-encyclopedia of plants structure and function in Senior High School

This research aims to see improvements in the learning result of students using E-Encyclopedia of Plant Structure and Function as a learning material. This is a Class Action Research that was conducted in 4 stages consist planning stages, action stages, observation stages, reflection stages and was carried out in 3 learning cycles. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 18 Pontianak. The research’s population was student of 8th grade and the research’s sample is 15 students of 8th grade in A class. The students learning results in cycle I were averaged 85.3 with an 80% satisfaction percentage; in cycle II it was 86.7 with a 100% satisfaction percentage; and in cycle III it was 87.6 with a 100% satisfaction percentage. There is an increase in the average value of each cycle so that in line with the results obtained, it can be concluded that E-Encyclopedia in teaching and learning process on Plant Structure and Function can improve the learning result of the students.

Do Shareholders Prefer Institutional Lead Plaintiffs?

Previous research has documented that institutional lead plaintiffs are associated with higher settlements and marginal improvements to governance following securities class action lawsuits. In this study, we examine the market reaction to an institution being named as lead plaintiff to examine whether the market views the improvements in governance to be worth the higher costs. We find that the abnormal returns surrounding the announcement of an institutional lead plaintiff are significantly positive, and significantly larger than the negative market reaction to the appointment of a non-institutional lead plaintiff. However, we find only weak evidence showing that the reaction is more positive for firms in greater need of governance improvement, nor is the quality of governance a consideration in seeking to be lead plaintiff. Instead, our results suggest that the market reaction is more positive when institutions retain ownership in the defendant firm, suggesting that their long-term interests are seen as more aligned with other existing shareholders.

Class Action Research: Application of the Sociodrama Method in Increasing Student Learning Motivation

Classroom action research is a teacher's effort to solve problems that arise in the classroom environment and as a means of assessing the learning process. This study aims to find out how the application of Sociodrama increases student learning motivation, as well as the results of the application of the Sociodrama method in increasing student learning motivation. Regarding the implementation of learning in the classroom, it is known that the daily test scores of the Islamic Cultural History subject are for 45 students, and for those who have fulfilled the KKM, as many as 21 students or 47.73%. Meanwhile, those who have not reached KKM are 23 students, or 52.27%. This study used Classroom Action Research (PTK) conducted on grade VIII students of SMP Muhammadiyah Tebing Tinggi City for the 2023-2024 school year. The results of the study In the first cycle, the presentation of student learning activities at each meeting increased with an average student learning activity of 52.856%. This proves that the first cycle has not reached the expected target because learning will be declared successful if student activities reach the target of 80%. It is necessary to make improvements by continuing the second cycle of learning. In cycle II, the percentage of student learning activities at each meeting increased, averaging 74.285%. Thus, learning activities applying the Sociodrama as a learning method have reached the target with a success indicator of 80%. Therefore, there was an increase in learning motivation for grade VIII students in the Islamic Cultural History Subject.

IMPROVING STORYTELLING SKILLS IN SKI LESSONS FOR WALISONGO MATERIAL WITH THE ON BOARD PICTURE STORIES STRATEGY FOR MI DARWATA STUDENTS

History of Islamic Culture is a history lesson in which history lessons are often referred to as memorization lessons and are also boring. As a result, history lessons are less attractive to students. One of the solutions offered to solve this problem is the onboard picture stories learning strategy in which students learn to understand the pictures in the sequence of events and tell each picture shown. The purpose of this study was to improve students' storytelling and speaking abilities in Islamic Culturehistory lessons on walisongo material through the onboard picture stories strategy in class VI MI Darwata Padangsari Majenang in the 2022/2023 academic year. This research is a class action research where the class action research model is adapted based on the model of Kurt Lewin where the research procedure is designed with 2 cycles. The implementation begins with preparing the material, implementing the strategy on board picture stories, presenting and doing the final test of learning activities. From the results of the study it can be concluded that learning the history of Islamic culture through the on board picture stories method can improve storytelling skills in class VI MI Darwata Padangsa

THE INFLUENCE OF E-MODULE BASED ON ROLE-PLAYING LEARNING MODEL WITH SCIENTIFIC APPROACH AND CULTURALLY RESPONSIVE TEACHING TO 10TH GRADERS’ QUANTITY AND MEASUREMENT CONCEPTUAL MASTERY

Physics is a fundamental science that is essential to master, particularly the skill of measuring quantities in daily life. This study aims to analyze the influence of an e-module based on a role-playing learning model with a scientific approach and culturally responsive teaching on 10th graders' conceptual mastery of quantity and measurement. The study was conducted using two cycles of Kurt Lewin's Class Action Research Cycle. The implementation of this learning innovation used a sample of 27 students fromclass X-11 at SMAN 9 Malang. The e-module learning media is based on a role-playing learning model with a scientific approach and culturally responsive teaching. This approach was found to increase students' conceptual mastery in magnitude and measurementin class X-11 at SMAN 9 Malang. The percentage of passing scores increased from 30% after Cycle I to 70% after Cycle II. This e-learning module is based on a role-playing model with a scientific approach and culturally responsive teaching. It has been found to improve students' conceptual mastery in quantity and measurementin class X-11 at SMAN 9 Malang.

Efforts to Improve Learning Outcomes of Class X Science1 Students for the 2020/2021 Academic Year on Bacteria Material Using Cooperative Learning Method

The research aims to improve biological learning outcomes on bacterial material through cooperative learning with the jigsaw method for students of the X grade of IPA1 MAN 1 Serang in the Odd Semester of the 2020/2021 academic year. The study was conducted for six months, from July to December. The subject of the study was 32 students of the X grade of the 1st semester of Odd MAN 1 Serang. The class action research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages: planning, taking action, observing, and reflecting. Data analysis used comparative descriptive analysis by comparing the initial values of class action research from the initial and final conditions. Data collection techniques using observation, documentation, testing, and non-testing techniques. Data is collected from no treatment conditions, cycles I and II results. The study's results show an increase of 8% in the average of the initial condition to cycle 1 with an average of 75 to 81. Cycle I to Cycle II increased by 13.58%, from 81 to 92. Initial to final conditions increase by 22.66% from the average value of 75 to 90. Students' learning activity and motivation increased.

Increasing the Results of Bullet Rejection Skills Using the Jigsaw Learning Method

This study aims to evaluate the impact of using the Jigsaw learning method in improving students' shot put skill outcomes. The Jigsaw method is applied in a classroom environment to facilitate group collaboration, where students are given the responsibility to learn a particular aspect of the shot put technique and then teach it to the rest of the group. The study involved observation of the learning process, evaluation of skill progress, and analysis of student responses using the PTK (class action research) method to students SMK Tamansiswa, Mojoagung, Kab. Jombang, with a total of 38 students. The results showed a significant improvement from the pre-cycle which was complete 5 students with 13.2%, incomplete 33 students and 86.8%. In cycle 1, 13 students with 34.2% were complete, while 25 students with 65.8% were incomplete. In cycle 2 100%, in students' in-depth understanding of the shot put technique, increased collaboration between students, and higher learning motivation. These results highlight the potential of the Jigsaw method as an effective approach in improving classroom skills in the sport of shot put. This study provides a foundation for further integration of collaborative learning methods in the context of teaching sport in schools

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KOSA KATA BAHASA INGGRIS ANAK AUTIS MELALUI PERMAINAN KARTU DAN GERAK LAGU

Abstract: This research aimed to improve the English vocabulary of autistic children in comprehension and pronunciation through the use of card games and song movements. The research subjects used total sampling with 16 students. This form of research was a class action with a design in the form of planning, action, observation and reflection. This research consisted of two cycles. Data collection was carried out using tests, interviews and observations. The analytical method used was descriptive quantitative. The research results showed that through learning card games and song movements, students could improve their English vocabulary skills in understanding and pronunciation. In the results of cycle I, post test I was carried out, showing a comprehension score of 2.40 and a pronunciation score of 2.23. This means there was an increase compared to the pre-test with 0.94 marks for understanding and 0.67 for pronunciation. In cycle II, post-test II was carried out with results of 3.61 in understanding and 3.77 in pronunciation. The increase occurred by 1.21 in understanding and 1.54 in pronunciation. These results showed that the combination of learning card games followed by song movement games could improve English vocabulary skills in the understanding and pronunciation of students at the Autism Mitra Ananda Special Need School. The increase in vocabulary pronunciation was greater than understanding.
 Key words: SLB Autism Mitra Ananda, Vocabulary, Card Games, Song Movement

A novel antibiotic class targeting the lipopolysaccharide transporter

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has emerged as a major global pathogen with limited treatment options1. No new antibiotic chemical class with activity against A. baumannii has reached patients in over 50 years1. Here we report the identification and optimization of tethered macrocyclic peptide (MCP) antibiotics with potent antibacterial activity against CRAB. The mechanism of action of this molecule class involves blocking the transport of bacterial lipopolysaccharide from the inner membrane to its destination on the outer membrane, through inhibition of the LptB2FGC complex. A clinical candidate derived from the MCP class, zosurabalpin (RG6006), effectively treats highly drug-resistant contemporary isolates of CRAB both in vitro and in mouse models of infection, overcoming existing antibiotic resistance mechanisms. This chemical class represents a promising treatment paradigm for patients with invasive infections due to CRAB, for whom current treatment options are inadequate, and additionally identifies LptB2FGC as a tractable target for antimicrobial drug development.

On Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated: Class Representation & Equitable Compensation

Class actions require class representation. In class actions, plaintiffs litigate not only on their own behalf but “on behalf of all others similarly situated.” For almost fifty years, federal courts have routinely exercised their inherent equitable authority to award modest compensation to deserving class representatives who help recover common funds benefiting the plaintiff class. These discretionary “incentive awards” are generally intended to compensate class representatives for shouldering certain costs and risks—which are not borne by absent class members—during the pendency of class litigation. The ubiquity of permitting class action incentive awards ended in 2020. In an extraordinary ruling, the Eleventh Circuit held that incentive awards are per se unlawful under late nineteenth-century Supreme Court precedent. This holding has ignited a new controversy in the federal courts with far-reaching implications for the future of class actions. Much of the existing legal scholarship on incentive awards analyzes policy rationales, quantitative trends, and legal standards involving the questions of “When?” and “How much?” to compensate class representatives. Only recently have scholars turned their attention to the more foundational question of whether federal courts have a sound basis to allocate incentive awards to class representatives under any circumstances. This Note weighs in on that debate by revisiting the Eleventh Circuit’s recent decision to categorically ban incentive awards. More importantly, this Note looks to the future and confronts the reality that other federal circuit courts or the Supreme Court could eventually adopt the Eleventh Circuit’s position on incentive awards. Facing that unsettling prospect, this Note presents three proposals—one for policymakers and two for plaintiff-side class action practitioners—that could save the equitable tradition of compensating class representatives and reinforce the viability of the class action device itself.

Mass Torts, The Bankruptcy Power, and Constitutional Limits on Mandatory No-opt-outs Settlements

Mass Torts, The Bankruptcy Power, and Constitutional Limits on Mandatory No-opt-outs Settlements

A brief overview of collective consumer redress in the European Union and South Africa and moving towards the increased use of a consumer class action in South Africa – part two

Building upon the groundwork laid in part one of this two-part article, which illuminated the landscape of collective consumer redress within the European Union (EU), part two delves into the unique trajectory of this legal phenomenon in South Africa. While collective consumer redress is still a burgeoning concept in these jurisdictions, the dynamics governing it display distinctive characteristics, especially in a consumer context. This article commenced by considering the position in South Africa, where class actions under section 4(1) of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 are specifically scrutinised. Surprisingly, there is a paucity of such actions, prompting a closer examination of the reasons for this. The article seeks to elucidate the status of collective consumer redress in South Africa and to uncover potential insights from the European Union. By scrutinising these frameworks, the article aims to assess whether South Africa could derive benefits from adapting certain elements to enhance the efficacy of its own consumer class actions under the act. Ultimately, the overarching goal of this two-part article is to identify strategies that optimise consumer class action, paving the way for enhanced access to justice for South African consumers. As we navigate through the legal landscape of South Africa, our pursuit is guided by the quest for a more robust and equitable collective redress system that aligns with the evolving needs of consumers in these jurisdictions.