Children's Magazines Research Articles

Confronting (Post-)War Precariousness and Precarity: Socialist Yugoslav Literature for Children

In this article I examine how literature for children re-established itself in the socially, economically, and institutionally devastated and nascent revolutionary precarious situation of the post-war period. I draw on a larger study of socialist Yugoslav literature for children (1945–91) and with reference to the first post-WWII issues of the Slovenian children's magazines Ciciban (1945–present) and Pionir (1945–90). I also explore how the emergent literature for children, particularly magazines, addressed a generation who had experienced violence, persecution, orphanhood, flight, internment, famine, occupation, and armed resistance, followed by post-war daily life. I draw on the concepts of ‘precariousness’ and ‘precarity’ (Butler) in the sense of an insecure existential state and the conditions for it. Instead of a top-down approach derived from totalitarianism research (usually employed in the examination of immediate post-war socialist production), a bottom-up approach that considers the complex relationships between (cultural)-political, (infra)structural, material, interpersonal, and affective contexts (as well as the historical objectifications that are embodied in the post-war production for children discussed here) allows a consideration of the past in a more complex light. It also highlights the overdue need for discussion on how to approach the topic of war with children in times of ‘more or less permanent war’ (Butler).

소파 방정환의 아동 교육 연구

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the basic structure of Donghak thought that influenced the theories of childhood education and how childhood education was formed in Donghak thought. In particular, it will consider and comprehensively shed light on Bang Jung-hwan's childhood education, which was influenced by Cheondogyo. Therefore, the aim is to reveal the educational significance of Bang Jung-hwan's theories of childhood education. Methods As a method of literature analysis, each Donghak scripture and collection of works, Bang Jeong-hwan's books and academic literature were analyzed, and the research content on Bang Jeong-hwan's children's education was specified through other Bang Jeong-hwan-related fairy tales, children's songs, magazines, and newspapers. Results Regarding educational content theory, he believed that any content helpful to children's growth and development was sufficient and emphasized three areas of art: children's stories, children's songs, and drawings. With respect to educational methodology, he did not unilaterally plant the educator's ideas but maintained the principle that the educator should only play a role in helping the educatees grow. In terms of educational history, the biggest difference between traditional education and new education is determined by whether the target of education is an adult or a child. Conclusions Our traditional view of the children was that they were passive beings who were subject to instruction or enlightenment from the older generations represented as teachers or pioneers rather than viewing children as independent individual human beings. However, Bang Jung-hwan understood children as beings with independence, autonomy, and potential. He believed that the world of children is independent of the world of adults and that they have the potential to build a new and better world on their own as long as there is no interference or interruption from adults.

Galician periodicals for children and youth 1848-1866

The subject of the article is a systematic outline of the first stage of the development of the Galician press for children and young people (1848-1866). The paper uses historical methods and quantitative content analysis of magazines (combined sample N = 241). The analysis of sources indicates that 5 such titles were published in Galicia during the period under study. The majority (4) were periodicals intended for children: the first " Przyjaciel Dzieci" (Lviv 1848-1852), "Dzwonek" (Lviv 1850-1851), the second "Przyjaciel Dzieci" (Lviv 1861-1866) and "Skarbczyk Domowy" ( Cracow 1863). Only one title was addressed to young people: "Czytelnia dla Młodzieży" (Lviv 1861-1862). Qualitative analysis convinces that the profile of Galician magazines aimed at young readers was diverse. All children's magazines were conservative, and their editors continued the given patterns, while the press for young people represented by "Czytelnia dla Młodzieży" was far ahead of its time.

“Solidarity Is a Matter of the Heart”: Anti-Imperialist Solidarity Donations in GDR Children's Magazines

AbstractThe article examines the role of children's magazines in promoting internationalism and solidarity in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Analysing the magazines ABC-Zeitung, Bummi, and Frösi, it sheds light on their contribution to the GDR's system for collecting and distributing charitable donations and to cultivating children's commitment to countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The article uncovers multifaceted layers of meaning associated with internationalism and emphasizes the significance of the connection between the state-ideological and the everyday levels. Its analysis of primary sources, including articles from the children's magazines, files from the Federal Archives, and historical publications, reveals that the magazines played a crucial role in fostering international solidarity and shaping the political consciousness of young readers. The use of techniques such as suggestion, competition, and renunciation in the magazines not only evoked a sense of collective responsibility, but also positioned children as active contributors to shaping an international socialist future. The children's magazine Bummi is particularly significant in the GDR's charitable donations system as it shows the involvement of other parts of society and thus raises issues of transgenerational education through the medium of children's magazines. By shifting away from the narrative of indoctrination, this article highlights the broader understanding of internationalism in the GDR and its integration into everyday life. It therefore underscores the vital role of children's magazines not only in fostering a stance of anti-imperialist solidarity among young readers, but also in shaping the GDR's vision of an international socialist future.

Building Pious Generations in Turkey: The Islamization of Childhood in the Children's Magazine of the Directorate of Religious Affairs

AbstractThe present study examines the recent ideological and cultural apparatuses aimed at the Islamization of children in Turkey through the example of the Children's Magazine, published periodically by the Directorate of Religious Affairs (DRA). Since 2002, under the Islamist government in Turkey, the Directorate of Religious Affairs has progressively evolved into an ideological apparatus that operates in alignment with the government's social objectives. The DRA, supported by significant state funding, has become an institution that holds discussions on matters of family, children, youth, and gender. Seeking to align the government's ideological goals with the Islamization of society, the Directorate of Religious Affairs has placed special emphasis on cultural policies, media, and publishing. The Children's Magazine is one of the monthly publications produced by the Directorate of Religious Affairs, which has evolved into a significant cultural enterprise. The magazine conveys a religious pedagogy rooted in Sunni Hanafi Islam and a nationalist‐conservative family ideology. It not only reinforces the prevailing ideology on religious matters but also promotes the political strategies of the government and the newly established official historical narrative.

«Люди в черном»: семантизация понятий сектант и баптист в антирелигиозной кампании 1958—1964 годов

In the post-revolutionary era, the population's adoption of a new political vocabulary demanded the Soviet authorities to play the role of the interpretant. They engaged in the pro­cess of assigning meanings to new concepts through mass media and fiction. Simultaneously, established concepts had to undergo reshaping to align with the new worldview of the 'Soviet citizen’. The transformation of the semantic structure of religious vocabulary, ideologically marked, reflected the shift in the fundamental values of Soviet society. This article, employing component and contextual analyses, explores the target semantization process of key concepts during Khrushchev's 1958—1964 anti-religious campaign, specifically focusing on 'sektant' and 'baptist'. Through mass media and propaganda literature, a set of semantic features for these terms was imposed on the children's audience in ideological contexts. The analysis of linguistic material from numerous sources such as the newspaper Pionerskaya Pravda, Pioner and Koster children's magazines, and selected works of children's literature reveals that the target audience — school children — led to the emergence of semantic primitives. This in­vol­ved significantly narrowing the semantics of the words 'sektant' and 'baptist.' Linguistic tools such as new lexical pairs ('sectarian-Baptist,' 'fanatics and bigots,' 'subversives and villains') and linguistic markers related to colour, sound, appearance, age, and location were employed. These tools helped develop a negative image of a Protestant believer and ultimately transformed the concepts of ‘sectant’ and ‘baptist’ into political labels.

Amerikan Misyonerlerinin Yayınlarında İkna İlkelerinin Tezahürü: Yunan Alfabesiyle Yazılmış Türkçe Çocuk Dergisi Angeliaforos Çocuklar İçün Örneği

IIn the 19th century, many missionary organizations effectively infiltrated Ottoman society through their missionary activities. Among these organizations, the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), which has been active in Ottoman lands since 1820, stands out as an important missionary institution. Within the framework of its missionary activities, the ABCFM meticulously gathered information about the daily life of Ottoman society and sought to establish meaningful ties with them through educational, health and especially publishing initiatives. The ABCFM primarily focused on non-Muslim communities in Ottoman society, including the Karamanli Orthodox community, which was perceived as Greek due to their religious affiliation. The ABCFM aimed to succeed by converting all target groups, including the Karamanlides, to the Protestant faith. However, achieving this goal depended on their persuasiveness. Therefore, this study focuses on the compliance of ABCFM publications with the principles of persuasion. For this purpose, Angeliaforos Çocuklar İçün (The Messenger for Children), an illustrated children's magazine that ABCFM missionaries began publishing in Istanbul as the Greek-lettered Turkish equivalent of the Armenian-lettered Turkish Avedaper, was selected as a case study. The study analyzed the first volume of Angeliaforos Çocuklar İçün in 1872 in terms of the principles of persuasion. The findings show that the ABCFM largely adhered to the principles of persuasion in Angeliaforos Çocuklar İçün. The findings show that ABCFM adhered to persuasive principles to a great extent in Angeliaforos Çocuklar İçün. This result can be interpreted as an indication that ABCFM was very meticulous in their publications and that their success was not accidental.

The Influencing Factors of Gender Stereotypes- Based on Early Childhood Education

In todays society, gender stereotypes still exist in many aspects of life. Gender stereotype is one of the important factors that cause social gender problems. Preschool is an important period for the formation of gender cognition. The gender stereotype formed in preschool can affect the childrens subsequent development, and it is deeply rooted even after they become adults. The healthy gender role cognition will have the profound significance to the young childs future occupation choice and psychological health. Therefore, it is necessary to carry on the correct gender education to the young children in the preschool period. The theme of this study is to analyze the influencing factors of gender stereotypes based on early childhood education. This study analyzed the characteristics of young children. It is found that adult language, dressing, material provision, picture books and magazines for children, and adult behavior are all influential factors for the formation of young childrens gender stereotypes and put forward the corresponding proposals from the social perspective, adults, kindergarten three aspects.

From “Atomic Spies” to Turkish-American Relations: The Cold War in Turkish Children's Magazines in the 1950s

AbstractThis article examines the representation of the Cold War in Turkish children's magazines in the 1950s, contributing to the current literature on children in the Middle East and the cultural Cold War. My main argument is that Turkish children's magazines played an important role in educating and indoctrinating children to support Turkey's pro-Western stance during the early part of the Cold War in two ways. The first was the production of new local content in the form of articles, stories, and comics that introduced terms and institutions relevant to the Turkish experience of the Cold War as part of the Western camp. Additionally, stories and comics reflected anxieties typical of the Cold War, such as fear of espionage and fifth columns. Second, American comics, translated into Turkish, or in some cases repurposed existing comics, instilled in Turkish children American concepts such as capitalism and consumerism.

해방기 아동 잡지의 문학장 형성과 담론 연구

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the plan pursued by contemporary children's literature through various discourses of children's magazines in South and North Korea during the liberation period. The children's magazines of South and North Korea during the liberation period reveal education, society, literature, and politics as a literary space, and each children's magazine develops various theories and contents of the work.The children's magazines of South and North Korea during the liberation period allowed children of the time to expand their consciousness through 'education', 'culture', 'Hangeul', 'children's writing', and 'propaganda'. This is an important point to consider as a stepping stone for the formation of a new nation. This study presents an important point of insight into social problems, culture, and literature through various discourses of children's magazines in South and North Korea during the liberation period.

A Review on Children's Literature in Afghanistan

Children's and adolescent literature have a long-life span in the history of mankind and is considered one of the major parts of the literature in every nation. Children's and teenagers' literature received worldwide attention from the 17th century AD. In the 18th century, scientists drew the attention of educators and people to children's literature by research publishing works. In our rich classical literature, there is not much research done on children's literature. However, various works have been done for children in recent years. The first children's magazine in Afghanistan was Siraj-ul-Atfal, which was published continuously with Siraj-ul-Akhbar. This magazine was mostly educational and entertaining, and most of its content was general information, scientific topics, religious and moral content in the form of poems and stories. After publishing the children literature in Siraj-ul-Akhbar, other publications also started about children's literature in Afghanistan, such as children’s friendship, youngs friendship, and children's voice. Some writers have also done research on children's literature in Afghanistan, such as Abdul Qayyum Qoyim, Mohammad Hossein Yamin, Paizi Hanafi, Habibullah Rafi, Dr Asadullah Khitfi, Seyyed Davoud Zahdi, Pouya Faryabi, Asif Behand, Raziq Varin, and Osman Najand.

Belonging to The Body of The Nation: Gender, Race, and The Volksgemeinschaft in Hitler Youth Magazines, 1933–1938

Abstract: This article examines how Nazi children's magazines used emotional narrativization to create and sell fantasies about gender, race, and the Volksgemeinschaft [people's community]. These magazines are neglected sources on Nazi print culture; their content and context add to our understanding of child indoctrination. Children's magazines had no Jewish characters in their stories, while dark-skinned, non-Aryan peoples were culturally appropriated and caricatured to create power fantasies. This article argues that through compelling narratives, hegemonic masculine traits were fetishized and glamorized to appeal to young boys in order to prepare them to serve in both the Volksgemeinschaft and the army.

The Ambiguous Nature of Children's Work in Socialist Yugoslavia: An Analysis Based on Children's Magazine Pionirski List

Abstract: Drawing on the educational role ascribed to work in children's upbringing, the article analyzes children's work and its many ambiguities as presented in children's magazine Pionirski list [Pioneers magazine ] in socialist Yugoslavia. The magazine featured content for children, about children, as well as contributions produced by children themselves, telling how they experienced different forms of work in their everyday lives. Most notably, Pionirski list addressed children as self-managing pioneers actively participating in shaping social reality, and at the same time it was only yet building and reproducing a construct of the child as a self-managing pioneer and future self-managing worker in line with Yugoslavia's third way of socialism. Although Yugoslavia was consolidating schooling as the child's main obligation and breaking with exploitative child labor, it promoted a social organization centered on productive and socially useful work that included children as well. It built on Marxist notions of self-determined work, yet the understanding of work as inseparable from life also related to the ethos of the agricultural society's domestic economy. After breaking with the USSR, Yugoslavia embraced worker self-management as a so-called third way to socialism. All these various aspects of work fed into the educational value ascribed to work in childhood and placed it in a mutually constructive relationship with play and leisure rather than as their opposite.

A Radical Culture for Children of the Working Class: The Young Socialists' Magazine, 1908-1920

The Young Socialists' Magazine, published from 1908-1920, was the first radical working-class children's magazine in the United States. In its pages appeared the writings of prominent political figures such as Rosa Luxemburg and Eugene Debs and those of such noted authors as Leo Tolstoy and Maxim Gorky. The lively content of the magazine also included poetry, songs, folktales, essays, and cartoons as well as a revisionist history of the United States from the Revolutionary War through Reconstruction. These features of the 15–18-page newspaper-size maga­zine were used to construct a working-class cultural identification in children that was tied to radical socialist activity. The cultural articles created role models and an alternative value structure while the political articles forged an allegiance to socialist politics. The unique feature of using sophisticated reading materials for children to develop a cultural identification tied to radical politics provides one model for developing oppositional cultural forms. This model may prove useful to educators today who are redesigning curricular materials to include race, ethnicity, gender, and class perspectives that have been marginalized from mainstream texts.

Kreatifitas Guru dalam Mengembangkan Modul Pembelajaran Materi Aqidah Akhlak Model Majalah Anak untuk Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

One of the aims of this study was to create the Aqidah Akhlak module as a model for a children's magazine to meet the needs of Aqidah Akhlak educational resources at Mujahidin Islamic elementary schools. This is very important because the teacher's role is not only to teach but also to help. This study uses the Borg and Gall development model. There are seven stages used, namely product planning, product development, initial product design, field trials, product revision, and final results. The Aqidah Akhlak module, a children's magazine model for class IV MI, was made after going through various processes. After testing the experts, the product resulting from this development has been declared valid. Percentage of results: Material expert validation was 90%, design expert validation was 89.3%, and supporting teacher validation was 91%. The results of the field trials showed that the children's magazine model Aqidah Akhlak module was effective, because the posttest scores showed an increase in the average student learning outcomes from before. Furthermore, after calculating with the N-Gain formula, a value of 0.3 is obtained, which indicates that the level of effectiveness of the product resulting from the development is in the "medium" category. Thus, it can be concluded that the Aqidah Akhlak module from the children's magazine model is quite effective for use by students in independent learning.

From Funnies to Adventures: Translation, Censorship, and Adaptation of American Comics in Fascist Italy

ABSTRACT: The development of modern Italian comics is intertwined with American culture. American funnies started to be published in Italian children's magazines at the beginning of the twentieth century and were adapted to the Italian tradition that saw comics as a means of education. It was only in the 1930s that comics became a form of entertainment, thanks to the publication of American adventure comics and Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse , which revolutionized the Italian comics landscape. However, the popularity of fumetti was challenged by the Fascist regime's restrictions and censorship, which specifically targeted American comics from 1938 and led to their forced disappearance in 1941. Despite the Fascist effort of creating a purely Italian popular culture—and comics—the success of American comics outlived the Fascist regime. This paper outlines the phases of modernization of Italian comics, paying particular attention to the impact of American comics and how they contributed to shape Italian comics in the Fascist era.

Transformation of the identity of the Buryat children's literature at the turn of the 1980s–1990s.

The article is devoted to the changes that took place in the Buryat children's literature at the turn of the Soviet and post-Soviet eras in the context of sociocultural transformations caused by the collapse of the USSR and the formation of new identities in the post-Soviet space. The discourses of identity found in the children's literature of this period, their interaction and dynamics are investigated. The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of the transformation of the identity of the Buryat children's literature in this transitional period. The material of the study is Buryat children's magazines and plays published in the period from 1985 to 1995. The study is based on a diachronic approach. The main research methods are cultural-historical and discourse analysis methods. As a result, it was established that as a result of the crisis of Soviet culture and the formation of the discourse of national revival in Buryat children's literature, there was a gradual replacement of Soviet identity with a new national identity. Prior to this transformation, Buryat children's literature was aimed at the formation of a Soviet identity associated with the communist ideology, the party and the pioneer movement, the idea of the unity of the Soviet nations, the events of the general Soviet history, such as the October Revolution and the Great Patriotic War. After the changes that took place, Buryat children's literature began to focus primarily on the formation of a national identity based on familiarization with the traditions of Buddhism, the culture of the Mongolian peoples, and the history of the Buryats, out of touch with the Soviet statehood.

Pengaruh Media Softbook pada Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia Dini

This research is motivated by the low cognitive development of group A in Raudhlatul Athfal in Gampengrejo District, Kediri Regency, this is caused using contextual methods with lectures and still utilizing children's worksheets and magazines in learning, so itis less interesting and innovative. This study aims to obtain information about the effect of softbook media on cognitive development in group A children at Raudhlatul Athfal.The research method used is included in the quantitative, namely quasi-experimental with no-equivalent control group design. From a total population of 316 children, the sample in this study were 114 children in two Raudhlatul Athfal in Gampengrejo District who had undergone random sampling, the two RAs selected were RA AL-Hikmah Turus and RA AL-Azhar Ngebrak. Data analysis techniques using observation and documentation. The results obtained are by using softbook media there is a significant difference in average results between the experimental group with greater results than the control group.

UPAYA KOMUNITAS SOHIB LITERASI INDONESIA (SOLID) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA ANAK

Reading interest still a polemic that has not been resolved until now. Considering this problem requires support from various parties to be able to increase children's reading interest such as parents, educational institutions and the community environment itself. This research aims to find out the efforts of the Indonesian Literacy Sohib Community in increasing the reading interest of children. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive types of research. Data collection methods used are observation, interview and documentation. The subjects in this study were eleven informants consisting of one community leader, 5 children in active activities, and 5 mothers of children. The results of the research show that the community not only strives to provide information sources such as places to provide information sources such as books, children's magazines, comics, novels and as a link between information sources and knowledge with users to increase their reading interest but also as teachers for children who are still unable to read, train more positive children's social The benefits of the presence of this community are not only felt by direct children but also parents. Parents find it helpful to the presence of this community such as the ability to read it develop and decrease negative behavior.

Role of Children's Magazines in Promoting Children's Literature in Sindh: An Analysis of Selected Magazines from 1947 To 2020

Wordsworth a renowned English romantic poet calls a child a father of man. Children of today are the citizens of tomorrow. Literature plays a pivotal role in shaping human personality and moulding human beings into responsible beings. For shaping thinking, ideology, personality and literary as well as the psychological development of the child, Children's literature plays a very significant role. Though Children's Literature is a much-neglected field, in Sindhi Language this field has remained a very important and popular area of literature. A large number of writers, who are prominent writers of today, had started their careers as children's writers. In promoting children's literature, Children's Magazines play a very important role. The current study which is qualitative in nature discusses the role of some selected children's magazines published in Sindh in the Sindhi language from 1947 to 2020 and presents a conclusion that how these magazines were the befitting platforms of literary development for young writers.